初二英语暑假教案.pdf

W AW U P第一讲 z AuTom my:How is your little brother,Johnny?Johnny:He is ill in bed.He hurt himself.Tom my:Thats too bad.How did that happen?Johnny:We played who could lean furthest out of the window,and he won.Part 1.词汇复习vocabularymeaningvocabularymeaningdefeatskiingcyclingmineral watercallplanspreadwingcoastmountaincropwheatsceniccapitalofferprovideproductincludecultureexhibitionconcerteventrepaintabroadrelativerelaxavenueironPart 2.重点短语与句型复习1.What happened to sb?译：_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _2.why not.?表示征求对方的意见，意为 为什么.不呢？其后加动词原型，why not do.=why dont you do.?Why not swim in the river?=_3.go+V-inggo s wi mmi ng go hi ki ng go boatinggo f i shi ng go c ampi ng go skatinggo hunt i ng go climbing4.such a s诸如 之类的In central France they grow crops such as wheat and sunflowers.such as 与 for example 辨析such as 与 for example：such as例如，诸如 用来列举同类事物中的若干例子：I always buy drinks such as tea and coffee in this market.for example例如 以同类事物中的一个为例，用作插入语，用逗号隔开。可放在句中，句首和句末。A lot of things are invisible in the world.For example,air is invisible.5.r used to do s th.过去常常做某事，表示今昔对比，暗指现在已经不是原来那样了；Y be used to do s th被用来做某事、be used to(doing)s th.习 惯 于(做)某 事eg.过去国王和王后常常住在那的古老城堡里。译：_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _塑料被用来做很多东西。译：_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _她习惯睡前看报纸。译：_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _6.oneof+名词，若名词前有形容词，要用最高级，名词用复数，谓语动词用第三人称单数;one of the longest rivers他妈妈是这些护士之一。译：_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _7.a good place to v is it此结构为动词不定式短语作定语，必须放在被修饰词的后面。I have a lot of work.我有许多工作要做。What about s o me t h i n g?来些喝的东西好吗？8.offer,provide,supply 都有 提供，供应”之意：offer sb.sth.=offer sth.to sb英语1 2 个月的由来公历一年有12个月，但不少人并不知道1 2个月的英语名称的来历。公历起源于古罗马历法。罗马的英语原来只有1 0个月，古罗马皇帝决定增加两个月放在年尾，后来朱里斯*凯撒大帝把这两个月移到年初，成 为1月.2月，原来的1月.2月便成了 3月.4月，依次类推。这就是今天世界沿用的公历。January-1 月在罗马传说中，有一位名叫雅努斯的守护神，生有先后两副脸，一副回顾过去，副要眺望未来。人们认为选择他的名字作为除旧迎新的第一个月月名，很有意义。英 语January,便是由这位守护神的拉丁文名字January演变而来的。Part 1.词汇复习vocabularymeaningvocabularymeaningpollutionprocessunhealthyfightharmfulpasscollectprojectinterviewendbreathefreshnaturalair conditionercoolproducewarninsectchemicaljoinundergroundcommunicateburndestroyagainstreduceoxygenaliveplasticcontainerazalealeisuredigpostercut downin dangerPart 2.重点短语与句型复习1.make+宾 语+adj.使 处于某种状态eg.Eating too much made him ill.译：他的话语使我很开心。译：make+宾 语+n.使、让.成为 使.当 我们选他当我们组的领导。译：make sb.do sth.使得某人做某事How do you make this machine work?译：The other trees then produce a chemical to make their leaves taste bad to protectthemselves.译：_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _2.be interested in 对.感兴趣 in是介词，后 接n,代 词 或doing.Why are you so interested in trees,Doctor Ray?be interested in=get/become interested in=take an interest in 对 感兴趣He is interested in fishing.=_ 辨析：interested 与 interesting：interested对.感 兴 趣 的，主语是人，常作表语。interesting有趣的，作表语，修饰物，也可放在名词前作定语。那个电影很有趣，我对它很感兴趣。译：_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _那是一部有趣的电影。译：_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _3.living有生命的、活着的，Theyre the biggest and oldest living things on Earth.译：_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _alive活着的，既可作表语，也可作定语（作定语时、必须放在名词之后）That great man is still alive。译：_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _He is the only person alive in that car accident.译：4.on Earth=on the earth=in the world 意为 在地球上Whats the biggest animal on Earth?译：on earth常用语口语中，用来加强语气，究竟，到底”What do you mean on earth?译：5.thank.for.因 而感谢 for是介词，后 接sth或doing sthThen you must thank trees for that,too.thank you for=thanks for 因 而感谢你Thank you for your help.=_6.too和 also的用法:t。用于肯定句和疑问句中，一般放在句末，其后常有逗号；或作为插入语放在句中，前后均有逗号；在简略答语中，常放在代词宾格之后。He has a knife.I have a knife,too.You,too,can do it.-I want to eat an apple.-Me,too.also用于肯定和疑问句中，放在句子中间，一般位于系动词和助动词之后，实意动词之前.Sandy was also at the party.Can he also swim?7.warn sb.of s t h.警告某人某事She warned me of the dangerous road,so I crossed it carefully.译：_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _warn sb.against doing sth.=warn sb.not to do s t h.警告某人不要做某事I warn him against swimming in the river.=warn(sb.)that+从句I warned him that there was danger.8 join参加某一组织、团体、党派、军队等；works,ask-asksB,以字母 s、x、ch、sh 或 o 结尾的动词后加 e s,如：do-does.catch-catchesC.以 辅音字母+y结尾的动词，先改y为i,再加e s,如fly flies,carrycarries疑问式：Do/Does+主语/（第三人称单数）+动词原形+其他+?否定式：主语/（第三人称单数）+dorTt/doesrTt+动词原形+其他简单回答：肯定式：Y e s,人称+do/does.否定式：N o,人称+dont/doesnt3.一般现在时的基本用法表示经常发生的动作.如：I often get up at 6：30 every day.口 里 表示现在存在的状况和性质.如：I am very busy now.|厂、表示主语具备的性格和能力.如：She likes English.黑表示自然现象、科学事实以及客观真理等.止如：The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.4.一般现在时的特殊用法 表过去时间：能用一般现在时表示过去时间的动词常有：hear,think,tell,say,learn等.如：I hear hell be back in a week.表将来时间：A.表示按计划或是安排将要发生的动作.如：Supper is at five today.B.用于时间、条件状语从句，表示将来时间的动作或状态.如：Ill write to you as soon as I arrive in Beijing.I f you comes,Ill show you around our school.（二）现在进行时1.现在进行时构成形式：be动词（am,are,is）+现在分词（即 动 词+ing）I am doing my homework now.You are watching TV now.She/he/it is reading a book now.We/you/they are playing cards now.现在分词的构成一般情况下，词尾直接加in g.如：dodoing carry-Carrying 以不发音e结尾的，去e再加ing.如：come doming have having词尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，先双写该辅音字母，再加in g.如：s it fittin g 以 ie 结尾的，变 ie 为 y,再加 in g.如：die-Mying tie-tying lie-lying2.句 式（肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句及回答、特殊疑问句）肯定句：Im doing my homework now.否定句：Im not doing my homework now.一般疑问句及回答：一Are you doing your homework now?Yes,I am./No,Im not.特殊疑问句：What are you doing now?3.现在进行时的用法.表说话时正在进行的动作。常与时间状语now,at this moment,at this time等连用.她现在正在房间里唱歌。译：_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 以look,listen开头的句子，提示我们动作正进行，这时要用现在进行时。听，她正在唱英语歌。译：_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _看，孩子们在操场上玩。译：_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 表当前-一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作.常与this week,these days连用.-Wha+s he doing this week?-Hes translating a novel.有些动词如：g o,c o m e,leave,stay,start,arrive,fly,move等的现在进行时可以表示按照计划安排近期内即将发生的动作：Im leaving on Sunday.Shes coming to see me tomorrow.现 在 进 行 时 与always,instantly,continuously,for ever等频度副词连用，强调某一反复性动作，表示赞美、讨厌、惊奇、不满等感情色彩.She is always changing her clothes.（表责怪）Hes always thinking of others.（表赞赏）（三）一般现在时与现在进行时的主要区别一般现在时表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态，带有长久的含义。现在进行时则表说话时正在进行的动作或当前一段时间内进行的活动，表示短暂的含义。她每晚都看电视。译：_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _她正在看电视。译：_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ He lives in Shanghai.（长久住在上海）He is living in Shanghai.（暂时住在上海）注意：下列有些动词一般不用进行时的词 表心理状态、情感的动词,如 love,hate,like,care,respect,please,prefer,know 等。表存在、状态的动词，如 be,have（有），appear,exist,lie,remain,stand,seem 等。表感觉的动词，如 see,hear,feel,smell,sound,taste,notice 等。表一时性的动词,如 accept,allow,admit,decide,end,refuse,permit,promise 等。表示愿望推测的动词wish,hope,believe,want 一般没有进行时态.如：I want to go out for a walk.（四）典型错句解析1.They are like Chinese food.2.Are you come from Heifei?3.She doesnt her homework on Sundays.4.She often read English.5.The teacher told us that light traveled more quickly than sound.6.Do you know she is loving me now?i.单项选择。iiweise fer)1.You are so great!You make me you.A.pride B.prouding of C.proud of D.to pride)2.Its nine ten.The students a music class.A.have B.having C.are having D.had)3.Listen!The boy.A.crying B.is crying C.cries D.cried)4.The best-person in our city is Liu Xiu.He is known anemperor(帝王)in Han dynasty(王朝).A.known;fo r B.knowing;with C.knowing;to D.known;as)5.The big explosion poisonous gases years ago so no plants could live here.A.gave o ff B.gave up C.gave out D.gave away)6.My aunt to see us.Shell be here soon.A.comes B.came C.is coming D.come)7.He When I go to see it.A.will always work B.always work C.is always working D.always worked)8.The film was so.And everyone talked about it.A.exciting;excited B.excited;excitingC.exciting;excitedly D.excitedly;exciting)9.-Do you know who is the greatest w rite r in the world now?-Camille?Is he sti l l?Im not sure.A.alive;living B.alive;alive C.living;living b.living;alive)10.In modern times,computers many things such as making films andfinding information.A.are useful fo r B.used to C.are used to D.useful for)11.-What do you l i ke?A.do;run B.do;goes-1 l i ke.C.do;go D.does;goes3.The flowers need watering.()12.-How_he go to work?-He_to work by bike.A.does;go B.Does;not C.do;go D.does;goes()13.-you usually late fo r school?-No,I .A.Do;am B.Does;not C.Are;amnt b.Are;arent()14.He_playing_basketball now.A.is;a B.does;the C.is;the D.is;/()15.Tom_lunch at school now.A.have B.is having C.has D.does have()16._ she_ home at six every day?A.Is;leave B.Does;leave C.Is;leaves D.Does;le ft()17.The tall boy_a banana.A.doesnt eats B.eats not C.isnt eat D.eats()18.-Dont you usually go to work by bike?-_.I often go to work by bus.A.Yes,I do B.No,I dont C.Yes,I dont D.No,I do()19.Mr Wu_English this term.A.teaches our B.teaches us C.teachs us D.teach our()20.He_a letter to Tom.A.write B.is writing C.does write D.is writeII.用英语解释下列句子。1.Trees can cool the air.2.Mary is Keen on pop music.j4.Thank you fo r your help.5.1 warn him against swimming in the river.I.单项选择。)1.Is the boy.HOieWOTKsomething?A.eatsB.eatC.eatingD.eaten()2._ you have a book?A.DoB.AreC.IsD.Have()3.They_on a farm.A.workingB.is workC.workD.is worked()4.-Does Li Lei like to watch TV?一A.Yes,he like B.No,he doesnt C.Yes,hed like D.No,he likes()5.She doesnt her homework in the afternoon.A.doing B.to do C.does D.do()6.How Mr Smith to England?A.do;go B.is;go C.does;go D.does;goes()7.Li Ping his homework at home now.A.is doing B.do C.does D.is do()8.Peter the door now.A.closing B.is closing C.is closeing D.close()9.-Who hardest in your class?-Li Lei.A.study;study B.studies;studies C.study;studies D.studies;does()10.K a t e,y o u free tomorrow afternoon?A.are B.have C.do D.can()11.An editor must know about literature.A.a lot of B.a few of C.a lot D.a few()12.Class is over,and your paper the student in front of you,please.A.pass;fo r B.to pass;fo r C.pass;to D.will pass;to()13.Mother always me against playing computer games.A.tells B.stops C.wants D.warns()14.Lily,come out of your room and the game.A.join us in B.take part C.join D.take()15.Its good fo r teenagers to their parents.A.keep in touch with B.communicate withC.keep in touch to D.communicate to【家 长 签 阅】Believe som ebody on his bare wri翁8February-2 月每 年2月初，罗马人民都要杀牲饮酒，欢庆菲勃卢姆节。这一天，人们常用种牛、草制成的名叫Februa的鞭子，抽打不育的妇女，以求怀孕生子。这一天，人们还要忏悔自己过去一年的罪过，洗刷自己的灵魂，求得神明的饶恕，使自己成为一个贞洁的人。英 语2月February,便是由拉丁文Februarius（即菲勃卢姆节）演变而来。March-3 月3月，原是罗马旧历法的1月，新年的开始。凯撒大帝改革历法后，原 来 的1月变成3月，但罗马人仍然把3月看做是一年的开始。另外，按照传统习惯，3月是每年出征远战的季节。为了纪念战神玛尔斯，人们便把这位战神的拉丁名字作为3月的月名。英 语3月M arch,便是由这位战神的名字演变而来的。Part 1.词汇复习vocabularymeaningvocabularymeaningcartoonplantfossilamusementcharactermailroofadvertisementexistfoundbasemendhuman beingevengentlefiercecontaindeliverskeletonbalanceallowleadall year aroundbe based onPart 2.重点短语与句型复习1.look up look up,“查阅，查找“，是由：动词+副词”构成的短语，如果宾语是名词，可以放在look与 up之间；也可以在u p 之后；如果宾语是代词，则只能放在中间。我在字典中查阅了这个新单词。译：look u p 另个意思是“向上看，抬头看”。S he looked up at me and said hello to m e.译：拓展 look after look at look the samelook like look for look outlook over look around look forward to2.D inosaurs existed on E arth more than sixty million years before human begins.exist是个不及物动词，主要含义有两个：存在；D oes life exist on Mars?译：生存；We cant exist without air.译：英 语 中 只 有 hundred百，thousand干，million百万，billion十亿 等来表示数量。当表示具体的“几百，几千，几百万 时，它们不能用复数形式；两百 三千当表示约数时：用它们的复数+of来表示。如：成百上千的 成千上万的3.S ome dinosaurs were as small as chickens.Others were as big as ten elephants.译：_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ S ome.others 意为 一些，一 些 指 一 个 整 体 中 的 部 分 情 况，而并非全部。T he students are having a PE class.S ome are playing basketball.Others are running.译:_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _4.关 于 die短语：die out：灭绝 W h y did this kind of bird die out?译：die of：意为 因 而死，死于”原因常来自内部，(情感，寒冷，饥饿，疾 病)名 词(love,cold,hunger,illness,old age)T he old man died of hunger.译：_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ die from：意为 由于.而死 原因常来自外部，常加名词(a wound,an accident,overwork,carelessness,drinking)H er parents died from an accident.译：5.r be famous for：意为 因 而出名/著称“I be famous as：意为 作为 而著名”这个城市以它的食品而闻明.译：_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _她作为老师很出名。译：_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _6.such as：用来列举同类人或物中的 几个 例子，放在句中，一般不用逗号隔开。Cold-blooded animals such as snakes and frogs have to hibernate in winter.译：_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _For example：主要用于举例说明，而且只列举同类人或物中的 一个 要用逗号隔开。Noise,fo r example,is a kind of pollution.译：_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _7.at the same tim e同时 他们同时到达学校。译8.be based o n意为：以 为基础；以 为根据The film is based on a real story./J*-二译:-GO9.Walt Disney founded it in 1985.-A(found：建立，创 建(founded;founded)find：发现；找 到(found;found)I a boy crying in the corner.Who this factory.10.be born出生 后面可接时间状语和地点状语。(1)若表示出生某一天或具体的某一天的上午，下午或晚上用介词。n.(2)若表示某年或某月，则用介词in.(3)若表示出生某个具体的时刻，则用介词at.(4)若表示出身在那里(地点)in+大地点；at+小地点.Wang Fang was born Tianjin.She was born four in the morning.Vivian was born on July 5th,1991.Were you born 1990.Was Tom born home o r hospital.11.remember to do sth：记住要做某事。(指尚未做的事)L remember doing sth：记的曾经做过某事。(已经做过某事)P le a s e(c lo s e )the door!I(cl ose)the door when I went out.Part 3.Grammar：名词一.名词的概念：名词是表示人、事物和抽象概念等的名称.二.名词的分类：普通名词(个体名词；集体名词；物质名词；抽象名词)；专有名词三.名词的数：个体名词,集体名词一般为可数名词，物质名词，抽象名词一般为不可数名词.四.单数可用Q、an来修饰可数名词单数，在元音发音开头的单词前用a n,而不是a.1.可数名词1.复数的构成方法：(1)一般在复数名词后加s,如:dog-dogs(2)以 s、x、ch、sh 结尾的名词加 e s,如：watchwatches0(3)以辅音字母加y 结尾的名词，变 y 为 i 加 es,如：countrycountrieSo注意区别：如果是元音字母加y 结尾的名词，则只须加s。如：monkeymonkeySo(4)以 o 结尾的名词，只有 negroes;heroes;volcanoes;potatoes;tomatoes 加 es 构成复数。(黑人英雄爱吃火山下的土豆和番茄)以f、f e 结尾的名词，变 f、f e 为 v 再 加 e s,如：knifekniveSo2.单复数形式相同的词：sheepsheep,fishfish(鱼)C h i n e s e C h i n e s e,d e e r-d e e rJapanese-Japanese3.特殊变化的单词有：(1)toothteeth,footfeet(2)childchildren(3)manmen,woman-women,policemanpolicemen,Frenchman-Frenchmen请区别：German(德国人)-Germans4.常以复数形式出现的名词：goods,manners,clothes,customs,shoes,pants,trousers,glasse