大学英语A+--练习题--阅读理解.pdf
题型 阅读理解 章节 英语 类别 测试 题干Child labor,the employment of children in industry,often against their will,has been aproblem for many years.Over a hundred years ago,Charles Dickens shocked many of his readers when he described theconditions under which young children worked in British factories.The conditions Dickens describedcontinue almost unchanged today in many parts of the world.The only difference is that todayemployment of children is confined to small industries and family businesses,such as hotels,restaurants and particularly farms,rather than to large factories.Girls suffer more from child labor practices than boys.Many of them are forced to start workwhen they are only ten years old.Although the work they are given to do is often light,it is oftenharmful to their health.Recently,children as young as six years were found to be working in Asianfactories,and the children were working from eight to fourteen hours a day in overcrowded andunhealthy working conditions.Sometimes a whole family group is employed,with the payment goingto a parent or older relative.The children not only receive nothing or very little for their long hours ofwork,but also they are prevented from attending schools.Therefore,when they become older they areunable to do any other kind of work.The solution to the problem of child labor is clearly better laws to protect young children,greatersupervision of industry and heavier fines for those who break the laws.Only in this way can youngboys and girls be allowed to enjoy the most valuable time of their lives-childhood.hiOI11J-u1Ju1J项案析度数题选答解难分;子题型 题干 The conditions under which young children work_.选项A.have improved since a hundred years agoB.are even worse than those a hundred years agoC.are similar to those a hundred years agoD.are exactly the same as those a hundred years ago 答案 C 解析细节题。问：“儿童的工作环境。”对应第二段第二句：The conditions Dickens describedcontinue almost unchanged today in many parts of the world.句意：狄更斯描述的这些环境，在当今世界上许多地方，几乎一成不变。故选C,similar t o 对应文中的almost unchanged。分数 子题型 题干 Girls work is_.选项A.not harmful to the health though it is heavyB.not harmful to the health because it is lightC.harmful to the health though it is lightD.harmful to the health because it is heavy 答案 C 解析 细节题。问：“女孩的工作。”对应第三段第三句话：Although the work they are given todo is often light,it is often harmful to their health.句意：虽然给她们（女孩）的都是轻活儿，但往往对健康有害。选项中的两句话前后顺序与文中相反，但表达的意思一样。故选C。分数 子题型 题干 Young children go to work.选项A.because they are forced toB.in order to be skillful in a certain kind of workC.in order to earn money for educationD.in order to be paid well.答案A 篇 疝 细 节 题。问：“孩子工作。”应逐一分析四个选项来判断。A选项，“因为他们被迫如此”，对应文中第三段第二句话：Many of them are forced to start work when they are only ten years old.句意：很多孩子在只有十岁时就被迫开始工作。B选项，“为了熟练操作某工种”，文章没有提及。C选项，“为了挣钱接受教育”，文中说，这些孩子往往因为工作错过了上学的年龄，耽误了上学受教育，该选项不符合文意。D选项，“为了挣大钱”，文中说，孩子们挣的钱往往都归大人所有，自己分文不得。只有A选项与文章对应，故选A。分数 子题型 题干 lb solve the problem of child labor,the writer suggests_.选项A.punishing lawbreakers with severer fines,improving childrens working conditions,andconfining employment of children to light industriesB.improving laws of protecting childrens interests,looking over factories more closely,andpunishing lawbreakers with severer finesC.improving laws of protecting childrens interests,giving them lighter work,and raisingtheir paymentD.confining employment of children to small industries and family businesses,looking overfactories more closely,and improving the system of education 答案B 需析细节题。问：“为了解决童工这一问题，作者建议原文最后一段第一句谈到的是如何解决这一问题：The solution to the problem of child labour is clearly better laws to protect youngchildren,greater supervision of industry and heavier fines for those who break the laws.句意：解决童工问题的方法是制定较完善的法律来保护幼儿，加强对工厂的监督力度，并对违法者给予更重的罚款。故选B,选项中的三个动名词宾语对应文中三个名词短语。分数 子题型 题干 What is the authors attitude toward child labor?选项A.indifferentB.disapprovingC.supportiveD.admiring 答案 B 解加 判断题。问：作者对童工这一问题的态度。童工问题是这篇文章的主题，这篇文章的结构是“提出问题一分析问题一解决问题“，由此可以看出，作者对这一问题持反对态度，并希望通过一些措施解决该问题。故选B,disapproving,是在approving“赞同的”前加上否定前缀-dis,表示 与 approving相反的意思,即“不赞同的，反对的“。A 选 项,“漠不关心的“；C 选 项,“支持的“；D 选项，“推崇的。均不符合文意。分数 题型 阅读理解 章节 英语 类别 测试 题干 What makes one person more intelligent than another?What makes one person a genius,likethe brilliant Albert Einstein,and another person a fbol?Are people born intelligent or stupid,or isintelligence the result of where and how you live?These are very old questions and the answers tothem are still not clear.We know,however,that just being born with a good mind is not enough.In some ways,the mindis like a leg or an arm muscle.It needs exercise.Mental(done with the mind)exercise is particularlyimportant for young children.Many child psychologists think that parents should play with theirchildren more often,and give them problems to think about.The children are then more likely to growup bright and intelligent.If,on the other hand,children are left alone a great deal with nothing to do,they are more likely to become dull and unintelligent.Parents should also be careful what they say to young children.According to some psychologists,if parents are always telling a child that he or she is a fool or an idiot,then the child is more likely tokeep doing silly and foolish things.So it is probably better for parents to say very positive things totheir children,such as“That was a very clever thing you did or“You are such a smart child”.H慧篙中10 子题型 题干 The questions in the first paragraph are raised to_.选项A.introduce the topic of what makes a clever mindB.compare Albert Einstein with ordinary peopleC.summarise the characters of an intelligent personD.prove that there are no answers to these questions 答案A 解析细节题，问：“第 一 段 提 出 的 问 题 是 为 了”此题需要从文章的结构入手分析。文章第一段围绕聪明与平庸的主题提出了许多问题，并说明这些问题的答案尚不明朗；第二段则谈论聪明的因素有哪些；第三段是告诉父母，如何让孩子变得更聪明。可见，第一段提出了一些与主题相关的、令人感兴趣的问题作为铺垫。故选A。分数 子题型 题干 According to the context we can guess that a genius is while an idiot is.选项A.a normal person.a funny personB.a strong person.a weak personC.a highly intelligent person.a foolish or weak-minded personD.a famous person.an ordinary person 答案 C 解析词义题。考的是genius和idiot各是什么意思。题干中的while说明genius和idiot之间是对立或相反的意思 对应第一段：What make some person more intelligent than another?What makes oneperson a genius,like the brilliant Albert Einstein,and another person a fool?句意：是什么原因使得有的人比其他人更聪明？是什么原因，让有的人成为像聪明绝顶的爱因斯班那样的genius（此为本题考点），而让有的人却成为傻瓜？文中和genius对应的词是fool,因此idiot与fool是同义词，表示“傻瓜，笨蛋”；而genius与fool是反义词，表示“聪明人故选C。A选项，“正常人，有趣的人”；B选项，“强壮的人，虚弱的人、D选项，“有名的人，普通人工均不符合文意。分数1 子题型1 题干 A person_ is more likely to become a genius.选项A.whose parents are cleverB.who often thinks about difficult problemsC.who is often helped by his parents and teachersD.who is bom with a good brain and putting it to active use 答案 D 解析主旨题。问：“一个的人更有可能成为天才，从文章首段可以看出，文章通篇都在讨论什么样的人会成为天才，因此，这道题考察考生对全文主题的把握，需要通读全文后选择答案。第一段说，如何成为天才一直是人们津津乐道的话题。第二段认为除了天生聪慧，智力还应当得到后天的锻炼。第三段认为父母应当注意自己的语言，多跟孩子说鼓励的话，根据全文，D选项包含丫成为天才的两方面因素：天生拥有聪明的大脑与后天的勤奋。故选D。分数 子题型 题干 It is better for parents.选项A.to praise and encourage their children more oftenB.to be hard on their childrenC.to leave their children alone with nothing to doD.to give their children as much help as possible 答案 A 解析细节题。问“父母应当。”题干中的Itisbetterforsomeonetodosomething对应第三段第一句 话 Parentsshould.,表示“某人应当做某事“。这一段说的是父母应当注意自己的言语，不该打击 孩 子，而应该多赞扬孩子，多说鼓励的话。A 选 项 的 praise和 encourage与文中sayverypositivethings 对应，故选 A。分数 子题型 题干 Which of the following is NOT true according to the article?选项A.Parents play an important part in their childrens growth.B.The less you use your mind the duller you may become.C.Intelligence is obviously the result of where and how you live.D.Parents should always encourage their children.答案 C 解析 推断题。问：“根据文章，以下哪个选项不正确?”A 选项，“父母在孩子的成长中起到童要作用“，全文都有此暗示，正确。B 选项，“脑子动得越少，就会越笨拙“，对应第=段最后一句，“如果孩子常常无事可做，就更有可能变得笨拙不聪明。”C 选项，显然智力是出生地点与生活方式导致的结果”，文章认为先天优势加后天用脑才是决定智力的因素，而非出生地点与生活方式。D 选项，“父母应该总是鼓励孩子“，与第三段对应。C 选项不符合文意，故选C。分数 题型 阅读理解 章节 英语 类别 测试 题干 Throughout the colonial period there was a remarkable shortage of women,which varied withthe regions and was always greatest in the frontier areas.This shortage enhanced（提高）womensstatus and position and allowed them to pursue different careers.The puritans G青教徒）regardedidleness as a sin（罪恶），and believed that life in an underdevelopment country made it necessary thateach member of the community performed an economic function.Thus work for women was not onlyapproved but also was regarded as a civic（公民的）duty.Puritan town councils expected widows andindependent women to be self-supporting.There was no social prohibition against married womenworking;on the contrary,wives were expected to help their husbands in their trade and won socialapproval for doing extra work in or out of the home.The vast majority of women worked within their homes,where their labor produced most articlesneeded for the family.The entire colonial production of cloth and clothing and partly that of shoes wasin the hands of women.In addition to these occupations,women were found in many different kindsof employment.They were butchers,silversmiths and gunsmiths.They ran mills,plantations,shipyards,and every kind of shop.They were gatekeepers,jail keepers,journalists,printers,nurses,and teachers.中10 子题型 题干What does the passage mainly discuss?选项A.Colonial marriages.B.The puritan religion.C.Colonial womens employment.D.Education in the colonies.答案c 解析主旨题。问：”这篇文章主要讨论什么？”做主旨题时，通常需要浏览文章首段前两句、每段首句和末段末句，以便抓住文章主题。本文首段前两句谈到殖民时代往往缺少女性，这一问题提高了女性的地位，使得她们能够找到各种各样的工作。第二段首句谈到大部分女性在家工作，但她们的劳作物已经超出了家庭所需。最后一句谈到女性所担任的各类工作，-er词尾表示从事某种工作的人。这几句话都谈到女性的工作,文中careers、w orked,以及-er结尾的词与选项中的employment相对应。故选C。分数 子题型 题干According to the passage,where in colonial North America were there the fewest women?选项A.Puritan communities.B.Seaports.C.Frontier settlements.D.Capital cities.答案 解析细节题。问：“根据文意，殖民时期北美哪个地区的女性最少?”对应文章第一句：Throughout the colonial period there was a remarkable shortage of women,which varied with theregions and was always greatest in the frontier areas.句意：整个殖民时代的女性数量都十分短缺，这一问题在各地区的表现不同，在边远地区尤为突出。settlements和文中areas对应，表示“地区，地 带 故 选C。分数 子题型 题干 It can be inferred from the passage that the Puritans were.选项A.uneducatedB.hardworkingC.generousD.wealthy 答案 B 解析推断题。问：“从文中可以推测出，清教徒。”对应第一段第三、四句话：There was nosocial prohibition against married women working;on the contrary,wives were expected to help theirhusbands in their trade and won social approval for doing extra work in or out of the home.句意：清教徒认为懒惰是一种罪生活在一个贫困的国家电每个人都应该为经济发展尽一份力。因 此（他们）不仅仅支持女性工作，还认为这是一种公民责任。可见，清教徒痛恨懒惰，崇尚勤劳自立。A选项，“未受教育的”；C 选项，“慷慨的”；D选项，“富有的 均不符合文意。故选B。I分数 子题型 题干 According to the passage,Puritans believed that an unmarried adult woman should be_.选项A.financially responsible for herselfB.returned to EnglandC.supported by her familyD.trained to be a nurse 答案A 解析细节题。问：“根据文意，清教徒认为，未婚成年妇女应当。”对应第一段第五句话：Puritantown councils expected widows and independent women to be self-supporting.句意.清教徒市政委员会希望寡妇和单身女性能够自给自足。A选项，finaciallyresponsibleforherself对应文中的self-supportingo B 选项，“回到英国”；C选项，“由家庭支持”；D选 项,“经培训成为护士”。均不符合文意。故选A。分数 子题型 题干 According to the passage,what did the Puritans expect from married women?选项A.They should adopt needy children.B.They should assist in their husbands trade or business.C.They should work only within their own homes.D.They should be apprenticed.答案 B 解析 细节题。问：“根据文意，清教徒希望已婚妇女怎样做?对应第一段最后一句话：There wasno social prohibition against married women working;on the contrary,wives were expected to helptheir husbands in their trade and won social approval for doing extra work in or out of the home.句意；对于已婚妇女，社会没有做出工作限制；正相反 社会希望妻子帮助丈夫打理生意，此外还大力支持已婚女性从事家庭或社会的其他工作。B 选项，“她们应当辅佐丈夫的生意”，assist与文中的 help对应。故选B。分数 题型 阅读理解 章节 英语 类别 测试 题干 Halloween(October 31)is a holiday widely celebrated with different names in many countries.Although it originated as a religious holiday,it has lost its religious connections in the United States.Itis now celebrated largely as a childrens day,and many American children look forward to it for daysand weeks beforehand.The orange pumpkin is harvested at this time of year and is hollowed out,a funny face cut into it,and a candle placed inside as decorations in the window.City folks,nowadays,sometimes use paperpumpkins for decorations.Some years ago,the holiday was celebrated by dressing up in strange andfrightening costumes and playing tricks on ones neighbors and friends,such as ringing door bells,throwing bits of com on the window panes,and in other ways making minor disturbances.Morerecently,children come to the door to have friends and neighbors admire their costumes and guesswho they are behind the false faces and receive treats of candy,fruit or cookies.They say,“Trick ortreat，meaning“I will play a trick on you if you do not give me a treat.This practice has even more recently developed into a significant international activity.Instead ofor along with candy,the children collect money for UNICEF(United Nations International ChildrensEmergency Fund).This special collection of money by children for needy children throughout theworld is known as UNICEF Trick or Treat”.Begun only recently,it results in several million dollarseach year contributed to UNICEF.The collection box is orange,reminiscent of the pumpkin.项案析度数题选答解难分子中10 子题型1 题干 What does Halloween originate from?选项A.childrens day.B.A childrens trick.C.A religious day.D.A UNICEF day.答案 C 解析细节题。问：“万圣节的起源是什么？”对应第一段第二句：Although it originated as areligious holiday.句意：虽然它起源于宗教节日，故选C。分数 子题型 题干 What is the symbol of Halloween?选项A.Pumpkin.B.Candle.C.Costumes.D.Money.答案 A 解析细节题 问：“万圣节的象征物是什么？”对应第二段第一句与第二句：The orange pumpkinis harvested at this time of year and is hollowed out,a funny face cut into it,and a candle placed insideas decorations in the window.City folks,nowadays,sometimes use paper pumpkins for decorations.句意：此时正值黄澄澄的南瓜丰收的季节，人们把南瓜掏空，刻上鬼脸，里面放进一根蜡烛，挂在窗上作为装饰。如今，城里人有时用纸做的南瓜作装饰。故选A。分数 子题型 题干 The holiday was celebrated in the following ways some years ago E X C E P T.选项A.putting on strange and frightening costumesB.receiving treats of candy,fruit or cookiesC.playing tricks on ones neighbors and friendsD.ringing door bells 答案B 3 析列举题。问：“多年前，这一节日以几种方式庆祝，除了需要用排除法分析。A选项,“穿上奇装异服“，对应第二段提到的dressingupinstrangeandfrighteningcostumes。B选项，“索要糖果、水果或饼干”，这属于文中morerecently的内容，而不是someyearsago的内容。C选项，“捉弄邻居朋友”，对应第二段提至U 的playingtricksononesneighborsandfriends。D选项,“按门铃”，对应第二段提到的ringingdoorbells。A、C、D选项都是几年前庆祝万圣节的方式，只有B选项是最近兴起的庆祝方式，故选B。分数 子题型 题干 Why do children collect money in the Halloween?选项A.They love money.B.They want to get enough money to buy themselves candy.C.The adults are willing to give them money.D.They want to help other children.答案 D 解析 细节题。问：“为什么孩子们在万圣节筹集钱款?”对应第三段第二句.the children collectmoney for UNICEF(United Nations International Childrens Emergency Fund).。句意：.孩子们筹钱来捐给UNICEF。下一句话对UNICEF作出了解释：for needy children throughout the world意思是“给全世界需要帮助的孩子D选项，“他们想帮助其他孩子，help与文中的needy对应。故选D。分数 子题型 题干 The collection box is dyed orange because.选项A.children love orangeB.orange stands for happinessC.orange is the color of pumpkinsD.orange is loved by adults 答案 c 解析细节题。问：“筹款箱被涂成橙色，因 为。”对应文章最后一句：Thecollectionboxisorange,reminiscentofthepumpkin.句意：捐款箱是橙色的，让人联想到（万圣节的象征物）南瓜。re
