英语新设计版必修五讲义unit1periodtwo.docx

Period Two Learning about Language & Using Language僚前覆习IiHB簿慧懒蓊ffiffl"iiffiSSff学前热第薯成竹在胸知:识:清:单I .单词检测.construct”.建设；修建construction建设;建筑物.contribute vi.&".捐献；贡献；捐助contribution儿贡献.positive。力.积极的;肯定的；确实的“movement几移动;运动；动作move0.移动,搬动5 .backward adv.& a切.向后地（的）；相反地（的）；退步地（的）.spinvi.& a（使）旋转；纺（线或纱）7 .enthusiasticadj.热情的；热心的enthusiasm.热心； 热情8 .cautiousq的.小心的；谨慎的caution.小心;谨慎9 .reject”.拒绝;不接受；抛弃rejection九拒绝10 .universe.宇宙;世界universal.普遍的n .短语默写.apart from除之外；止匕外1 .be strict w汕 对严格的.make sense讲得通;有意义1.1 ead to通向；导致 e to an end 结束(3)They rejected the apples that were over-ripe.他们把那些熟得过透的苹果扔掉了。名师点津reject后只可接名词，主语只能是人，不能接不定式。易混辨析reject/refuse/decline(l)reject强调拒不接受或不考虑没有价值或不合标准的意见、计划、请求等，语气最强，有 时还含有“拒绝相信，摒弃，厌弃”等意思。(2)refuse表示坚决、果断甚至是粗暴地对别人的要求、请求、引诱或帮助加以拒绝，后接名 词，代词或不定式，主语可以是人或物。(3)decline指有礼貌地拒绝，或婉言谢绝邀请、建议、帮助等。即时跟踪写出下列句中reject的含义He tried to join the army but was rejected.拒绝Those rotten eggs were rejected.抛弃核心:核心:He rejected the suggestions his friends had given.不接受短语一l.apart from除之外；此外语境感悟(1)(教材 P。Apart from the construction mentioned above, you have also learned the following phrases.除了以上提到的结构，你也学到过下面的词组。(2)This is a good composition indeed apart from some spelling mistakes.除了一些拼写错误，这确实是一篇好作文。(3)1 like all the subjects apart from English.我喜欢包括英语在内的所有学科。易混辨析 1 except/besides/except for/apart from(l)exc叩t表示“除没有”，在整体中减去一部分，除去的部分不包括在内。(2)besides表示“除了之外还有”，除去的部分包括在内，表示递增。(3)exc叩tfor除去个别，整体还可以(强调“美中不足”之意)。(4)apart from 既可 以表示 besides, 也可 以表示 except 或 except for。|即时跟踪用 except/besides/except for/apart from 填空He had other people to take care of besides/apart me.She is pretty except for/apart from the fact that her eyes are too big.You can have any of the cakes except/apart from this one.翻译句子除了天气，一切都很完美。Everything was pcifect except for/apart from the weather.除了几辆车，路上没有行人。The road was empty apart from a few cars.2.makesense有意义；讲得通；是明智的语境感悟(1)(教材 P7)Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。(2)See, your computer has broken down again ! It doesn' t make sense to buy the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars.看，你的电脑又坏了！仅为了节省儿美元而买最便宜品牌的电脑是不明智的。(3)1 can' t make sense of this poem, but perhaps I will if I read it again.我弄不懂这首诗的含义，但再读一遍我或许就能明白了。归纳拓展(l)make sense to有意义make sense of懂得；了解的含义make no sense (to do sth.)(做某事)讲不通；无意义(2)in a sense在某种意义上；在一定程度上in no sense决不(放句首，句子用部分倒装)名师点津make sense的主语常是“物” ,make sense of的主语常是“人"。即时跟踪单句语法填空/完成句子©It makes no sense to buy(buy) that expensive coat when these cheaper ones are just as good as that one.She told me that she didn' t make any sense of what the teacher said.(3)What she says is true in a sense.从某种意义上讲，她所说的是正确的。In no sense should you lose heart； keep trying and you will make it sooner or later.你决不应该灰心丧气。继续努力，你迟早会成功的。啕龄句式一l.only if语境感悟(1)(教材 P7)Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky makesense.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。(2)Only in this way can we live in more comfortable and beautiful surroundings.只有用这种方式我们才能生活在更舒服更美丽的环境中。(3)If only he could come tomorrow!他要是明天能来就好了！归纳拓展(l)only if只有，只要；only引导副词、介词短语或状语从句置于句首时，主句要用部分倒 装。(2)if only要是，但愿，后使用虚拟语气。用一般过去时表示与现在事实相反的情 况；用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反的情况；用would/coulddo表示与将来事实相反的情 况。名师点津如果only修饰的不是状语，即使放在句首主句也不倒装。Only those who accept this reality can lead a really full life.只有那些接受这个现实的人才能 过上真正丰富的生活。即时跟踪句型转换When Lily walked into the office, she realized that she had left the contract at home.f Only when Lily walked into the office did she realize that she had left the contract at home.(2)用倒装结构翻译下列句子只有到那时我才意识到我错了。Only then did I realize that I was wrong.要是你听从了他的建议就好了！If only you had followed his advice!2.with的复合结构语境感悟(1)(教材 P7)He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth.他把太阳固定在太阳系的中心位置上，而行星则围绕着太阳转，只有月球仍然绕着地球转。(2)With so many people absent, the meeting has to be postponed.既然这么多人没有来，会议只好延期了。(3)The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand.老师走进教室，手里拿着一本书。归纳拓展(l)with the planets going round it是“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，在句中作状语，表示 原因、条件、伴随等。此外，此结构还可作后置定语。(2)with复合结构的构成：r adj.I adv.In.介词短语with+宾语+宾语补足语< doing (主动、进行) done (被动、完成) <to do (尚未发生的动作)即时跟踪单句语法填空/句型转换With a lot of work done (do), he let out a sigh of relief.With a lot of work to do (do), he felt like an ant on a hot brick.With the boy leading(lead) the way, we found the house easily.©They went out of the room but the lights were on.f They went out of the room with the lights on.(ffl with 复合结构)当堂达标对点演练J自主落实;| | -I.单句语法填空1 .Mary was rejected(reject)by the company she applied to last year.2 .The new airport under construction lies(lie) in the east of the city.3 .She never lost her enthusiasm(enthusiastic) for teaching.4 .With time permitting(permit), we' 11 go to visit the Great Wall.5 .The engineers have made great contributions(contribute) to the design of the Chang' e III spaceship.6.If only I had taken (take) his advice at that time!II.选词填空under construction, make sense, be strict with, apart from, contribute to, be cautious about.Does smoking contribute to lung cancer?1 .Which books will you borrow, apart from this one?1.1 really think his reason for doing it makes sense.4 .He was strict with himself when he was young.5 .People might be cautious about believing this statement.6 .The bridge under construction will be open to the public next year.m .完成句子.There is no sense in arguing with your parents about the problem.和你父母争论这个问题没有意义。1 .He made the boy sit there, promising they would not hurt him.他让那个男孩坐在那儿，保证他们不会伤害他。2 .We have made a plan to learn from Lei Feng.我们制定了一个向雷锋学习的计划。4.Only if people of all the countries are united can we solve/will we be able to solve the existing problems in the world.只有世界各国人民联合起来，我们才能解决世界上目前存在的问题。5.With students burdened with too much homework, some educators appealed to the public to pay more attention to their physical health.由于学生背负着沉重的家庭作业负担，一些教育家呼吁公众多关注他们的身体健康。那时作业I沙场练兵，大显身壬I .语境填词A）根据汉语或首字母提示，写出所缺单词1 .We rejected his idea for a music club, and decided to have an art club instead.2 .Everything has two sides, the positive side and the negative side.3 .He is a cautious driver, that is, he drives very carefully.4 .He is enthusiastic（热 1W 的； 热心的）about performing before a group of people.5 .She observed the gentle movemenK运动）of his chest as he breathed.B）在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式.With winter coming（come） on, it' s time to buy warm clothes.6 .The report can' t be made sense of by the high school students because it is too abstract.7 .The local newspaper, to which she contributes every month, is very popular among the readers.8 .My report having been r±iected（reject）, all my work on it went for nothing.9 .The Golden Bridge was constructKd（construct） in 1933 1937. n .阅读理解AEdmund Halley was an English scientist who lived over 200 years studied the observations of comets which other scientists had orbit of one particular comet was a very difficult mathematical could not figure it could other scientists who dealt with such problems.However, Halley had a friend named Isaac Newton, who was a brilliant thought he had already worked out that problem, but he could not find the papers on which he had done told Halley that the orbit of a comet had the shape of an ellipse.Now Halley set to figured out the orbits of some of the comets that had been observed by made a surprising comets that had appeared in the years 1531, 1607 and 1682 all had the same their appearances had been 75 to 76 years apart.fhis seemed very strange to different comets followed the same more Halley thought about, the more he thought that there had not been three different comets, as people decided that they had simply seen the same comet three comet had gone away and had come back again.It was an astonishing idea! Halley felt certain enough to make a prediction of what would happen in the decided that this comet would appear in the year were 53 years to go before Halley' s prediction could be tested.In 1758 the comet appeared in the did not see it, for he had died some years since then that comet had been called Halley' s comet, in his honour.1 .Halley made his discovery.A.by doing experimentsB.by means of his own careful observationC.by using the work of other scientistsD.by chance答案c解析细节理解题。从第一段第二句可以看出，哈雷的发现是在研究其他科学家的观察中得 出来的，其他选项与本文内容不符。2 .Halley made a surprising but correct prediction in the year.A. 1704B.1705C.1706D.1707答案B解析计算推理题。首先确定彗星下次出现的时间是1758年，然后确定这一时间距离他预 测的时间是53年，175853 = 1705。3 .This text in general is about.A.Halley and other scientistsB.the orbit of a cometC.Newton and HalleyD.Halley and his discovery答案D解析 主旨大意题。通读全文，就可以看出文章的每一段都在介绍哈雷及他的发现，另外也 可以从文章的首尾句看出本文的大意。4 .Which of the following is TRUE?A.Edmund Halley was an American scientist.B.Halley made his discovery by doing experiment.C.Isaac Newton was a famous mathematician.D.The orbit of a comet had the shape of an around.答案C解析推理判断题。本文第一段第一句说哈雷是一个英国科学家，所以A项是错误的。从 第一段第二句可以看出，哈雷的发现是在研究其他科学家的观察中得出来的，所以B项是 错误的。从第二段最后一句可以得知哈雷彗星的轨道是椭圆形的，所以排除D项。BBenjamin West, the father of American painting, showed his talent for art when he was only six years of he did not know about brushes before a visitor told him he needed those days, a brush was made from camel' s were no camels decided that cat hair would work cut some fur from the family cat to make a brush.The brush did not last Benjamin needed more long, the cat began to look ragged （蓬 舌L）.His father said that the cat must be was forced to admit what he had been doing.The cat' s lot was about to improve. That year, one of Benjamin' s cousins, came to was impressed with Benjamin' s he went home, he sent Benjamin a box of paint and some also sent six engravings （版画）by an were the first pictures and first real paint and brushes Benjamin had ever seen.In 1747, when Benjamin was nine years old, returned for another was amazed at what Benjamin had done with his asked Benjamin' s parents if he might take the boy back to Philadelphia for a visit.In the city, gave Benjamin materials for creating oil boy began a landscape （风景） Williams, a well-known painter, came to see him was impressed with Benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take books were long and could read only a little, having been a poor he later said, “Those two books were my companions by day, and under my pillow at night." While it is likely that he understood very little of the books, they were his introduction to classical nine -yearold boy decided then that he would be an artist.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是美国绘画之父本杰明小时候如何最终 下定决心要成为一名画家的。他的堂兄弟Pennington在培养他的绘画才能方面起了很大的 帮助作用。5 .What is the text mainly about?A.Benjamin' s visit to Philadelphia.B.Williams? influence on Benjamin.C.The beginning of Benjamin' s life as an artist.D.The friendship between Benjamin and Pennington.答案c解析 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述的是美国绘画之父本杰明小时候如何最终 下定决心要成为一名画家的。故C项“本杰明作为画家生活的起源”为文章的主旨。6 .What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 suggest?A.The cat would be closely watched.B.The cat would get some medical care.C.Benjamin would leave his home shortly.D.Benjamin would have real brushes soon.答案D解析 句意猜测题。根据第二段中的 Soon Benjamin needed more long, the cat began to look ragged（蓬乱）和第三段中的 he sent Benjamin a box of paint and some brushes 可知，本杰明拥有 了真正的画笔，不再需要剪猫毛制作画笔了。这句话的本义是“这只猫的命运即将改善”。7 .What did Pennington do to help Benjamin develop his talent?A.He took him to see painting exhibitions.8 .He provided him with painting materials.C.He sent him to a school in Philadelphia.D.He taught him how to make engravings.答案B解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的he sent Benjamin a box of paint and some brushes可知， 为了培养本杰明的绘画才能，Pennington送给了他一些颜料和画笔，也就是向他提供了绘画 材料。9 .Williams?two books helped Benjamin to.A.master the use of paintsB.appreciate landscape paintingsC.get to know other paintersD.make up his mind to be a painter答案D解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的 they were his introduction to classical nineyearoldboy decided then that he would be an ,这两本书最终使得本杰明决定成为一名画家。HL七选五Perhaps you are an average student with average do well enough in school, but you probably think you will never be a top student. 1 You can receive better grades if you want , even students with average intelligence can be top students without additional ' s how：Plan your time a list of your weekly make a decide on good and regular time to sure to set aside enough time to complete your normal reading and assignments（作业）.Of course, studying shouldn' t take up all of the free time. 2Find a good place to one place as your study area. 3 But it should be comfortable, and it should not have distractions（使人分心的事物）.When you begin to work, you should be able to concentrate（集中注意力）on the subject.4 Listening to what the teacher says in class means less work where you can see and hear notes to help you remember what the teacher says.Develop a good attitude towards puipose of a test is to show what you have learned about a subject. 5 Tests provide grades, but they also let you know what you need to spend more time studying, and they help you remember knowledge forever.A.Make good use of your time in class.B.This is not necessarily the case, however.C.Talk with your classmates about study techniques.D.It may be a desk or a chair at home or in the school library.E.The world won' t end if you don' t pass a test, so don' t worry about a single test.Fit' s important to set aside time for relaxation, hobbies, and entertainment as well.G.Want to know how to improve your grades without having to spend more time studying? 套案W.微写作【写作素材】（关于医学）.布莱克因为接触了致命的病毒而患了重病。1 .专家通过各种积极的尝试给他治疗。2 .各种尝试之后他们宣布病毒被打败了。6 .at times 有时.make room for 为腾地方7 .be responsible for 对负责课:文:预:读阅读清障revolutionary/革命的；重大变革的confused/kon'fju：zd/“4/迷惑的；混乱的ignore/Ig'n）/”.不理睬；忽视calculation/, kaelkju'leljn/儿计算lead to导致；通向Xthat引导同位语从句，解释说明conclusion的具体内容。movement/'mu：vm9nt/.运动； 移动； 动作make sense讲得通；有意义此处“Only + if引导的条件状语从句”置于句首，主句要用部分倒装结构，主句谓语中的 助动词did移至主句主语之前。Xas引导原因状语从句，从句中would have punished表示对过去将要发生的事情的假设。powerful/'pa。fl/4矽有权势的；有影响力的arise/a'ralz/oi.出现，发生，产生astronomei7"strDnama（r）/.天文学家backward/'b3ekwad/Q.& 的.向后地（的）；相反地（的）move backward向后移动loop/lu：p/几圈；环in a loop呈环状XThe problem arose为主句，because引导原因状语从句，在原因状语从句中含有that引导 的宾语从句。Xif在此引导条件状语从句，该从句由and连接的两个并列句组成。do指代上文出现的explainwork on致力于complete/kam'pli:t/a4/.完整的，完全的.但是在完全康复之前他还需要被护理一段时间。4 .专家们给人们提出了很多实用的建议。5 .如拒绝不良习惯，谨慎饮食。6 .专家们希望人人都能热情地为改善大家的健康做出贡献。提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。【连句成篇】（将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文）Black was severely ill because of being exposed to a deadly all the positive attempts to cure him, the experts amioimced that the vinis was defe