河北省廊坊市第一中学2022-2023学年高三上学期期末英语试题.docx

2023届高三一轮复习联考（五）新高考II卷英语试题注意事项:1 .答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。2 .回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改 动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在 本试卷上无效。3 .考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。考试时间为120分钟，满分150分第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂 到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题;每小题分，满分分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅 读一遍。1. How often does the woman go to the gym?A. Twice a month.B. Twice a week.C. Four times a week.2. What will the woman probably do this afternoon?A. Have a drink.B. Stay indoors.C. Go for a walk.3. What does the woman do?A. A ticket seller.B. A police officer.C. A driver.4. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. Jenny's workmates.B. Jenny's company.C. Jenny's stories.5. Where does the conversation take place?A. In a phone shop.B. In a bookstore.C. In the library.第二节（共15小题;每小题分，满分分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项 中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。“This year's World Population Day falls during a milestone year, when we anticipate the birth of the Earth's eight billionth inhabitant. This is an occasion to celebrate our diversity, recognize our common humanity, and marvel at advancements in health that have extended lifespans and dramatically reduced maternal and child mortality rates（死 亡率）J said UN Secretary - General Antonio Guterres. uAt the same time, it is a reminder of our shared responsibility to care for our planet and a moment to reflect on where we still fall short of our commitments to one another,“ he added.The global population is growing at its slowest rale since 1950. The latest projections by the United Nations suggest that the world's population could grow to around 8.5 billion in 2030 and 9.7 billion in 2050. It is projected to reach a peak of around 10.4 billion people during the 2080s and to remain at that level until 2100.“The relationship between population growth and sustainable development is complex said Liu Zhenmin, an official of the UN. "Rapid population growth makes defeating hunger and increasing the coverage of health and education systems more difficult. Conversely, achieving the Sustainable Development Goals, especially those related to health and education, will contribute to reducing fertility（能生育性）levels and slowing global population growth.Countries with ageing populations should take steps to adapt public programmes to the growing numbers of older persons, including by establishing universal health care and long-term care systems."Further actions by governments aimed at reducing fertility would have little impact on the pace of population growth between now and mid-century, because of the youthful age structure of today's global population. Nevertheless, the cumulative（累计的）effect of lower fertility, if maintained over several decades, could slower global population growth greatly in the second half of the century,added John Wilmoth, an official of the UN.12. Which of the following statements would Antonio Guterres agree with?A. We human beings should reflect on our diversity.B. The global population growth goal has been achieved since 2022.C. Governments shall try to keep their promises to population growth.D. It is sure that the world's population can grow to 9.7 billion in 2050.13. Whafs Liu Zhenmin's attitude towards population growth?A. Objective.B. Satisfied.C. Doubtful.D. Puzzled.14. What does the underlined word “Conversely“ in the fourth paragraph mean?A. As a result.B. First of all.C. On the contrary.D. Most importantly.15. How does John think of further actions by governments in the short run?A. There are many different debates on them.B. They contribute to population's structure.C. They ignore world economy's development.D. There is little influence on population growth.【答案】12.C13. A 14. C 15. D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了世界人口的增长给人类社会带来的变化和影响。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中 “At the same time, it is a reminder of our shared responsibility to care for our planet and a moment to reflect on where we still fall short of our commitments to one another/9 he added. ” （他补充 说：“与此同时，这也提醒我们，我们有共同的责任来照顾我们的星球，并反思我们在哪些方面还没有达 到我们对彼此的承诺。”）可知，Ant6nio古特雷斯同意各国政府应努力信守人口增长的承诺这种说法。 故选C项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段 “The relationship between population growth and sustainable development is complex said Liu Zhenmin, an official of the UN. "Rapid population growth makes defeating hunger and increasing the coverage of health and education systems more difficult. Conversely, achieving the Sustainable Development Goals, especially those related to health and education, will contribute to reducing fertility levels and slowing global population growth."”（联合国官员刘振民表示：“人口增长与可持续发展之间的关系是复杂 的。”“人口的快速增长使战胜饥饿和扩大卫生和教育系统的覆盖面变得更加困难。相反，实现可持续发 展目标，特别是与卫生和教育有关的目标，将有助于降低生育率，减缓全球人口增长。"）故可推知，刘 振民对人口增长持客观评价的态度。故选A项。【14题详解】词义猜测题。I艮据戈U线单词上文“Rapid population growth makes defeating hunger and increasing the coverage of health and education systems more difficult.v（人口的快速增长使战胜饥饿和扩大卫生和教育系统的覆盖 面变得更加困难。）说明困难。以及下文 uachieving the Sustainable Development Goals, especially those related to health and education, will contribute to reducing fertility levels and slowing global population growth.v （实现可持续发展目标，特别是与卫生和教育有关的目标，将有助于降低生育率，减缓全球人口增长。）说明好处。故可猜测划线单词Conversely为“相反”的意思。结合选项C项On the contrary. “相反的是” 意思一致。故选C项。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中 uFurther actions by governments aimed at reducing fertility would have littleimpact on the pace of population growth between now and mid-century, because of the youthful age structure of today's global population."（由于当今全球人口的年轻年龄结构，政府旨在降低生育率的进一步行动对从 现在到本世纪中叶的人口增长速度儿乎没有影响。）可知，约翰认为政府在短期内采取的进一步行动对人 口增长影响不大。故选D项。第二节（共5小题;每小题分，满分分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ways to Always Be Yourself and Live HappilyDon't aim to please others. 16 This is why you shouldn't please others but yourself. Pleasing others can be a nice thing to do, but know where your boundaries are. Instead of always aiming to please others, you should do things for yourself as well every now and then.Don't worry about how others view you. Occasionally thinking about how others view you may make you change for the better. 17 You should change if you want to, and change into what or who you want to change into.18 Do you know who you really are? Ever since you were young, you have been conditioned to be one way or another. It may be unusual just to spend a day being your spontaneous（自然的）self, but sometimes it is the only way that you can learn how to be yourself.Forgive yourself. Forgive yourself for thinking negatively. Forgive yourself for talking without thinking twice. Don't think negative thoughts about yourself fbr taking wrong steps or making wrong decisions. This kind of thinking puts your focus on the problem and not the solution. It's better to say good thing about yourself than to say negative things. 19Strive for what you want to accomplish. Being yourself does not have to mean that you have to be stuck in the status quo（现斗犬）.20 And strive for that accomplishment. You can improve yourself while stillremaining true to yourself.A. Learn more about yourself.B. Aim for what you want to achieve.C. Stop being negative about yourself.D. Saying positive things is a sign that you have forgiven yourself.E. Committing to something and working toward it will lead to happiness.F. But you should not be constantly wondering about what others are thinking.G. There is a problem if you are always doing what everyone else wants to do.【答案】16.G17. F 18. A 19. D 20. B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了几种永远做自己，快乐生活的方法。【16题详解】上文“Don't aim to please others." （不要以取悦他人为目标。）引出话题，提出不要以取悦他人为目标，以 及下文“This is why you shouldn't please others but yourself.n（这就是为什么你不应该取悦别人，而应该取 悦自己。）说明结果。故可推断空格处内容为不要以取悦他人为目标的原因。结合选项G项There is a problem if you are always doing what everyone else wants to do.（如果你总是做别人都想做的事，那就有问题 了。）符合此推断，为说明不要以取悦他人为目标的原因。故选G项。【17题详解】上文 Occasionally thinking about how others view you may make you change for the better.v（偶尔想想另ij人 对你的看法可能会让你变得更好。），下文“You should change if you want to, and change into what or who you want to change into."（如果你想改变的话，你应该改变，改变成你想改变的什么或谁。）结合选项F项But you should not be constantly wondering about what others are thinking.（但你不应该总是想知道别人在想什 么。）和上文内容衔接，为对上文内容的语意递进，同时起到引起下文的作用，上下文语意连贯。故选F 项。【18题详解】由该题为段落小标题可知，为总结该段的内容。该段下文uDo you know who you really are? Ever since you were young, you have been conditioned to be one way or another. It may be unusual just to spend a day being your spontaneous self, but sometimes it is the only way that you can learn how to be yourself.（你知道你至I底是谁 吗？从你年轻的时候起，你就被这样或那样的方式所制约。花一天时间做你自己可能不太寻常，但有时这 是你学会如何做自己的唯一方法。）可知，讲的是要更多的了解自己。结合选项A项Learn more about yourself.（更多地了解自己。）意思一致，为总结该段的内容。故选A项。【19题详解】由该段标题“Forgive yourself.v（原谅自己。）以及上文"It's better to say good thing about yourself than to say negative things."（说自己的好话总比说自己的坏话要好。）说明要积极的去看待问题。结合选项D项 Saying positive things is a sign that you have forgiven yourself.（说一些积极的事情是你原谅自己的标志。）可 知，和该段标题呼应，也是对上文内容的递进和补充。上下文语意连贯。故选D项。【20题详解】根据该段标题上文uStrive for what you want to accomplish.v（为你想要完成的事情而努力。）说明为你想 要完成的事情而努力。以及下文“And strive for that accomplishment."（并为之奋斗。）说明努力。结合选 项B项Aim for what you want to achieve.（以你想要达到的目标为目标。）和该段标题呼应，下文是对空格 处内容的递进，上下文语意连贯。故选B项。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。One of the benefits of social media is that it allows us to witness little moments of joy all around the world. And this was just the 21 when a classical pianist, Karim Kamar, quite literally lent a helping hand to a 22 youngster who only learned to walk recently.In a short video on TikTok, in front of 23 Karim Kamar is playing the public piano at London's busy St. Pancras train station. Then a little youngster walked 24 to him and asked the pianist to 25 from the public piano, so he could have a 26 at playing.Kamar, who's played at many well-known concerts, 27 stood up for the tiny child and helped him on to the piano seat. He then bent down to perform with his young pupil, 28 his hands as the little kid picked out the 29 to a favorite, "Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star.”In this short video, it's lovely to see the pianist take the 30 to help the child play the instrument. And it reminds us of the 31 of music to unite us when generations 32 and pass down their know-how to those starting out.It's also 33 to remember just how our little ones desire to learn more, and we should always find a way to 34them一even when it tries our 35! 一as they try and make sense of the huge world thatsurrounds them.21. A. principleB. stateC. argumentD.case22. A. nervousB. curiousC. seriousD. anxious23. A. crowdsB. actorsC. studentsD. directors24. A. quicklyB. silentlyC. unstablyD. confidently25. A. set offB. get upC. try onD. give in26. A. turnB. guideC. lessonD. look27. A. unwillinglyB. gladlyC. eagerlyD. cautiously28. A. shakingB. placingC. holdingD. raising29. A. notesB. tastesC. soundsD. memories30. A. chanceB. spaceC. timeD. gift31. A. powerB. qualityC. favorD. practice32. A. compete33. A. competeB. complain34. A. impossibleB. incredibleC. compareC. difficultD. combineD. important35. A. defendB. encourage36. A. wisdomB. ambition【答案】21.D22. A 23. A 24. CC. comfortC. patience25. B 26. A 27. BD. challengeD. kindness28. B 29. A 30. C 31.A 32. D 33. D 34. B 35. C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了钢琴家卡里姆卡玛尔在火车站教一个才学会走路不久的男孩 演奏一闪一闪亮晶晶的故事。21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：古典钢琴家卡里姆卡玛尔确实向一个最近才学会走路的紧张的年轻人伸出了 援手。A. principle原则；B. state状态；C.argument争论；D.case情况。后文古典钢琴家卡里姆卡玛尔帮 助年轻人的故事正好符合上文 “One of the benefits of social media is that it allows us to witness little moments ofjoy all around the world.（社交媒体的好处之一是，它可以让我们见证世界各地的小快乐时刻）”的情况。故 选D。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：古典钢琴家卡里姆卡玛尔确实向一个最近才学会走路的紧张的年轻人伸出 了援手。A. nervous紧张的；B.curious好奇的；C.serious严肃的；D.anxious焦虑的。根据后文“who only learned to walk recently v可知年轻人很紧张。故选A。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在TikTok上的一段短视频中，卡里姆卡玛尔在伦敦繁忙的圣潘克拉斯火车站 在人群面前弹奏公共钢琴。A. crowds人群；B. actors演员；C. students学生；D. directors主任。根据后文“at London9s busy St. Pancras train station,可知是在人群面前演奏。故选 A。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这时，一个小男孩摇摇晃晃地走到他面前，请钢琴师从公共钢琴上站起来，让他 弹一曲。A. quickly 快速地;B. silently 沉默地;C. unstably 不稳定地;D. confidently 自信地。呼应上文 “youngster who only learned to walk recently.”指小男孩走路还不稳。故选C。【25题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这时，一个小男孩摇摇晃晃地走到他面前，请钢琴师从公共钢琴上站起来，让他 弹一曲。A.setoff 出发;B.getup 站起；C.tryon 尝试;D. give in 屈服。根据后文 u stood up for the tiny child 可知男孩让钢琴家从公共钢琴上站起来，故选B。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这时，一个小男孩摇摇晃晃地走到他面前，请钢琴师从公共钢琴上站起来，让他 弹一曲。A. turn转弯，轮次；B. guide指导；C.lesson课程；D.look看。男孩让钢琴师起来是为了让自己弹 奏一曲。have a turn at表示“试一试”。故选A。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：卡玛在许多著名的音乐会上演奏过，他很高兴地站起来帮助这个小孩，并把他扶 到钢琴座上。A. unwillingly不情愿地；B.gladly高兴地;C.eagerly急切地;D.cautiously谨慎地。根据后文 ustood up for the tiny child and helped him” 可知卡玛高兴地起身了。故选 B。28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，他弯下腰和他的小学生一起表演，他把手放在孩子的手上，让孩子弹出他 最喜欢的一闪一闪亮晶晶的音符。A. shaking摇晃；B. placing放置；C.holding持有；D.raising筹集。 根据上文uHe then bent down to perform with his young pupil可知，他弯下腰和他的小学生一起表演，他把 手放在孩子的手上。故选B。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，他弯下腰和他的小学生一起表演，他把手放在孩子的手上，让孩子弹出他 最喜欢的一闪一闪亮晶晶的音符。A. notes音符；B. tastes品味；C.sounds声音;D. memories记忆。根 据后文 “to a favorite, “Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star."” 指弹奏的音符应用 notes。故选 A。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这个短视频中，很高兴看到钢琴家花时间帮助孩子演奏乐器。A. chance 机会；B.space 空间；C. time 时间；D. gift 礼物。根据后文 “to help the child play the instrument” 可知，钢 琴家花时间帮助孩子演奏乐器。故选C。31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它提醒我们，当几代人结合并将他们的知识传授给那些刚开始学习音乐的人 时，音乐的力量将使我们团结在一起。A. power力量；B.quality品质;C.favor帮助；D.practice实际。根 据后文uof music to unite us"可知音乐有团结的力量。故选A。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它提醒我们，当几代人结合并将他们的知识传授给那些刚开始学习音乐的人时,音乐的力量将使我们团结在一起。A. compete比赛；B. complain抱怨；C. compare比较;D. combine 结合。根据上文uunite us when generationsv指几代人结合。故选D。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同样重要的是要记住我们的孩子是多么渴望学习更多，我们应该总是找到一种方法来鼓励他们即使这考验我们的耐心！ A. impossible不可能的；B. incredible难以置信的；C.difficult 困难的；D. important 重要的。根据后文 “to remember just how our little ones desire to learn more”可知，同样重要的是要记住我们的孩子是多么渴望学习更多，故选D。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同样重要的是要记住我们的孩子是多么渴望学习更多，我们应该总是找到一种 方法来鼓励他们即使这考验我们的耐心！ A. defend防御；B. encourage鼓励；C.comfort安慰；D.challenge挑战。孩子渴望学习，所以我们应该找到方法来激励他们。故选B。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同样重要的是要记住我们的孩子是多么渴望学习更多，我们应该总是找到一种 方法来鼓励他们即使这考验我们的耐心！ A. wisdom智慧；B. ambition抱负；C.patience耐心；D.kindness善良。上文钢琴师帮助男孩的故事告诉我们，教育需要时间和耐心。故选C。第二节(共10小题;每小题分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Some teens consider high school to be terrible, taking up their time and loading them with many endless 36 (responsibility); however, for teens who can see the bigger picture, they can appreciate 37 high school is so important and how to make the most of it. The time 38 (spend) in high school can be viewed as the final “incubation(孵化)period" in which teens can learn, explore, and prepare for the future39 (high) education, professional career, and adulthood that is to follow. High school is the perfect opportunity 40 (figure) out yo