2023届安徽省合肥市第八中学高三最后一卷英语 Word版含解析.docx

合肥八中2023届最后一卷英语试题考生注意:1.试卷分值：150分，考试时间：120分钟。2 .考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上，选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0. 5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答案区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。3 .所有答案均要答在答题卡上，否则无效。考试结束后只交答题卡。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题海小题L 5分，满分7. 5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A.£ 19. 15.B.£9. 18.C.£9. 15.答案是C。1. Where will the boy go after school?A. The teahouse. B. The post office. C. His sister's house.2. What does the woman think of watching TV?A. Interesting. B. Educational. C. Useless.3. What are the speakers talking about?A A long trip. B. Their favorite music. C. Ways to listen to music.4. Why do Tina's parents move to London?A. To accompany Tina. B. To work there. C. To further study.5. What kind of magazines is the man interested in?A. Politics magazines. B. Fashion magazines. C. Outdoor magazines.第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22. 5分）听下面5段对话或独白，。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。C. To prove the necessity of hearing protection.D. To introduce the finding of a hearing-improving protein.13. What does the underlined word “stunted“ in paragraph 4 mean?A. Guaranteed.B. Prevented.C. Recorded.D. Reflected.14. What did the researchers use the gene therapy technique to do?A. Help mice grow faster.B. Keep viruses from growing.C. Send EPS8 to stereocilia hair cellsD. Remove aged stereocilia hair cells.15. What do the researchers plan to do?A. Restore the hearing of the mice.B. Make EPS8 effective in aging cells.C. Investigate the formation of EPS8.D. Count low-frequency cells of aging mice.【答案】12.D13. B 14. C 15. B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家发现了一种对恢复静纤毛功能的蛋白质。【12题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段中 “Tiny sensory hair cells called stereocilia（静纤毛）located in your inner ear are responsible for detecting sound. When these become damaged, either by genetic disorders, loud sounds or old age, it can lead to hearing difficulties and even deafness.n（位于内耳的被称为静纤毛的微小感觉毛细胞负责探测 声音。当这些受损时，无论是由于遗传疾病，过大的声音还是年纪变老，都可能导致听力困难甚至耳 聋。）可知，第一段介绍了静纤毛的概念和作用为提出发现做铺垫，根据第二段第一句"Now, in a series of experiments on mice, researchers based at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies and the University ofSheffield have identified a protein that can be delivered to these hair cells in order to stimulate their growth.v（现在，在对老鼠进行的一系列实验中，索尔克生物研究所和谢菲尔德大学的研究人员已经确定了一种 蛋白质，可以传递给这些毛细胞，以刺激它们的生长。）可知，第二段介绍了一个新的发现。由此判断, 第一、二段介绍了一种能改善听力的蛋白质的研究。故选D。【13题详解】 词义猜测题。第四段提到 “In their previous studies, Manor and Prof Walter Marotti found that the proteinEPS8 was involved in determining the length of stereocilia.n（在之前的研究中，马诺和沃尔特马罗蒂教授 发现EPS8蛋白参与决定直立纤毛的长度。）及they remain very short” （它们仍然很短）由此判断, EPS8决定静纤毛的长度，没有它的话，静纤毛的发育长度也很短，说明EPS8会抑制静纤毛的生长。B 项prevent “阻止”符合文意。故选B。【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段 “They used a common gene therapy（基因治疗）technique to de-liver the protein to the hair cells on the back of a virus. They then investigated the effects using imaging techniques.v（他6使用 了 一种常见的基因治疗技术，将蛋白质传递到病毒背后的毛细胞中。然后，他们用成像技术研究了这些影 响。）由此判断，该项基因治疗是可以可以将EPS8传递到静纤毛毛发细胞中的。故选C。【15题详解】 推理判断题。第五段提到 “The researchers now plan to investigate the action of EPS8 further, with the hope of extending the age range over which it is effective.”（研究人员现在计划进一步研究EPS8的作用,希望能扩 大其有效的年龄范围。）由此判断，研究人员希望能够扩大EPS8的的年龄使用范围，使其对衰老的细胞 也有效果。故选B。第二节七选五（共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Meeting strangers is probably one of most people's biggest fears, only second to speaking in front of a crowd. Thankfully, it doesn't have to be an experience as scary as you might think. 16.Go out alone. Don't always go to events with a friend or family member. 17. If you go withsomeone you're familiar with, you're more likely to stay and talk to the person you already know rather than try to talk with strangers.18. Most people's favorite topics are about themselves. Even if you don't have an interestingicebreaker, you can always ask people to talk about themselves-they'll be more than happy to oblige you. For example: ask what they do for a living, where they're from, or what they studied in school. 19. They,llbe excited to share their hobbies, and you might find that you have something in common!Don't be embarrassed if you're visibly nervous. If your voice cracks or your handshake is sweaty, laugh it off. If you're an amateur comedian and can make it into a joke, point it out and get people laughing with you. If it's something that makes you feel less confident Just ignore it. Everyone gets nervous sometimes, so push past and continue on with the conversation. 20.A. Start by introducing yourself.B. Encourage people to talk about themselves.C. People can come to you when you're alone.D. By going alone, you're forced to meet other people.E. Don't let it embarrass you enough that you have to walk away.F. These few easy tips will help you talk with strangers more comfortably.G. If you get someone talking about their interests, eventually you'll see their true personalities come out.【答案】16.F17. D 18. B 19. G 20. E【解析】【导语】本文为说明文。本文就如何与陌生人谈话提出一些建议。【16题详解】上文 uThankfully, it doesn't have to be an experience as scary as you might think.（值得庆幸的是，这并不一定 像你想象的那样可怕）”可知，与陌生人见面没有你想象的可怕，和F项“以下几个简单的技巧将帮助你 更轻松地与陌生人交谈”构成因果关系，指出了和陌生人交谈不可怕的原因是可以利用技巧，同时F项 也起到了引起本文话题的作用。故选F项。【17题详解】下文 “If you go with someone you're familiar with, you're more likely to stay and talk to the person you already know rather than try to talk with strangers.（如果你和你熟悉的人一起去，你更有可能留下来和你已经认识的 人交谈，而不是试图和陌生人交谈）”可知，如果你和熟悉的人一起去，就不太可能和陌生人交谈，推断 出想要和陌生人交谈就尽量独自去参加活动，D项“独自一人去，你不得不去见其他人”和下文构成内 容上的承接，符合句意。故选D项。【18题详解】上文 “Go out alone .（一个人出去）"及下文"Don't be embarrassed if you're visibly nervous .（如果你明显感至 U 紧张，不要感到尴尬）”可知，空格处应为本段的中心句，且为祈使句结构，B项“鼓励人们谈论自己” 既是祈使句又和后文“Most people's favorite topics are about themselves.（大多数人最喜欢的话题都是关于他 们自己的）”构成因果关系，鼓励人们多谈论自己的原因是大多数人喜欢的话题是他们自己。故选B项。【19题详解】下文 “They'll be excited to share their hobbies, and you might find that you have something in common!（他彳门会 很兴奋地分享他们的爱好，你可能会发现你们有一些共同点）”和G项“如果你让某人谈论他们的兴趣， 最终你会看到他们的真实性格”构成内容上的并列关系，都是提到了让陌生人分享兴趣或爱好的好处就 是你能看到他们的真实性格或发现你们的共同点。故选G项。【20题详解】上文 44Everyone gets nervous sometimes, so push past and continue on with the conversation.（每个人有时都会 感到紧张，所以避开它并继续对话）”和E项“不要让它让你难堪到不得不离开”构成内容上的承接，为 人们在谈话中感到紧张、尴尬提供了建议，即忽略或化解这些尴尬，不要因为尴尬而离开。故选E项。 第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Students at an elementary school in California, with the help of their art teacher, created a telephone hotline that people can call to get 21 advice from kids during difficult times. In just days, the hotline began getting thousands of calls an hour.Jessica Martin, who teaches art at West Side School in Healdsburg, California, 22 her students just might have the magic words needed to bring 23 to people in these difficult times. “To hear the pure24 from kids is extremely comforting/9 she says.The project was called "PepToc”. Actually, they called it "Pep Talk"（鼓励话语）first. But when Ms. Martin's 6-year-old son drew an advertisement for the hotline and 25 it "PepToc", they 26 they liked that even better.The hotline is 27 in English and Spanish. It offers the happy voices of 28 of different ages sharing positive messages. For example, by pressing 3, you can 29 a group of kindergartners saying together, "You can do it! Keep trying! Don't give up!” Pressing 4 30 the sounds of children gigglingand laughinga sound certain to bring a 31 to anyone9s face. Pressing 1 32 ideas forpeople who are "feeling mad, frustrated, or 33" Helpful suggestions include “punch your pillow”, or“go get a cookie”. Pressing? results in "words of 34 and life advice”. This includes messages like"The 35 is a better place with you in it.”21. A. reasonableB. rareC. mysteriousD. cheerful22. A. thoughtB. complainedC. declaredD. insisted23. A. wealthB. attentionC. calmD. luck24. A. commentBJoyC. praiseD. mind25. A. pronouncedB. typedC. spelledD. drew26. A. decidedB. learnedC. changedD. assumed27. A. spokenB. memorableC. popularD. available28. A. callersB. childrenC. artistsD. operators29. A. witnessB. suggestC. catchD. hear30. A. generatesB. recordsC. analyzesD. breaks31. A. markB. wrinkleC. smileD. tear32. A. brings upB. laughs atC. gives awayD. turn to33. A. distractedB. contentC. peacefulD. nervous34. A. managementB. encouragementC. judgementD. argument35. A. hotlineB. worldC. schoolD. street【答案】2LD 22. A23. C 24. B25. C 26. A 27. D28. B 29. D 30. A 31.C 32. A 33. D34. B 35. B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了加利福尼亚州一所小学的学生在艺术老师的帮助下创建的一条电话热线, 给人们带来了开心和鼓励。21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：加利福尼亚州一所小学的学生在艺术老师的帮助下创建了一条电话热线， 人们可以在困难时期拨打该热线，从孩子们那里获得愉快的建议。A. reasonable合理的；B.rare罕见的； C.mysterious神秘的；D. cheerful高兴的。下文“during difficult times （在困难时期）”指出是在困难时期寻 求建议，应该是要寻求积极向上，令人开心的建议。故选D项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：杰西卡马丁在加利福尼亚州希尔兹堡的西区学校教授艺术，她认为她的学 生可能会掌握在这些困难时期给人们带来平静所需的神奇词汇。A. thought认为；B. complained抱怨；C. declared 宣称；D. insisted 坚持。上文 “Students at an elementary school in California, with the help of their art teacher, created a telephone hotline （加利福尼亚州一所小学的学生在艺术老师的帮助下创建了一条电话热 线）”指出，学生们创建电话热线电话是在老师的帮助之下，因此可推测老师肯定认为这一通热线是有意 义的。故选A项。23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：杰西卡马丁在加利福尼亚州希尔兹堡的西区学校教授艺术，她认为她的学 生可能会掌握在这些困难时期给人们带来平静所需的神奇词汇。A. wealth财富；B. attention注意力；C. calm 平静;D. luck 运气。下文"To hear the pure. from kids is extremely comforting,（从孩子们那里听到纯 粹的是非常令人欣慰的，）”指出拨打热线会让人感到舒服，即它给予人们的是心情上好的转变，变得 平静属于此类。故选c项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“从孩子们那里听到纯粹的快乐是非常令人欣慰的，”她说。A. comment评 论；B. joy愉悦，快乐；C. praise表扬；D. mind思想。下文“It offers the happy voices.（它提供了快乐的 声音指出该热线提供快乐的声音，故能带给人愉悦。故选B项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当马丁 6岁的儿子为热线画一个广告时，并拼写为“PepToc”时，他们决 定更喜欢这个。A. pronounced宣布；B. typed打字；C.spelled拼写；D.drew画。上文“Actually, they called it “Pep Talk”（鼓励话语）first.（事实上,他们首先称之为“鼓励话语”。）”指出，最初该热线是另一 个名字，和老师的儿子提供了存在字母上的差异，可推测这是老师6岁的儿子把单词拼写错了。故选C 项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当马丁 6岁的儿子为热线画一个广告时，并拼写为“PepToc”时，他们决 定更喜欢这个。A. decided 决定；B. learned 学习；C. changed 改变；D. assumed 认为。上文 “The project was called “PepToc”.（该项目被称为“PepToc"）”指出，该热线的名字为“PepToc"，是由最初的名字改 过来的，故表明在得到“PepToc”这个，名字之后，他们决定选择后者而不是最初的名字。故选A项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：热线电话有英文和西班牙文两种版本。A. spoken 口头的；B. memorable值 得纪念的；C.popular流行的;D. available可用的。下文“in English and Spanish （用英文和西班牙文打电 话）”指出，该热线可以通过两种语言拨打，故通过这两种语言都能用该热线。故选D项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它提供不同年龄段的儿童快乐的声音，分享积极的信息。A. callers呼叫者； B. children 孩子；C. artists 艺术家；D. operators 操作员。上文 “Students at an elementary school in California, with the help of their art teacher, created a telephone hotline that people can call to get cheerful advice from kids during difficult times.（加利福尼亚州一所小学的学生在艺术老师的帮助下创建了一条电话热线， 人们可以在困难时期拨打该热线，从孩子们那里获得愉快的建议。）”指出，该热线是小学生创建的，因 此听到的声音肯定是孩子们的。故选B项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，按3,你可以听到一群幼儿园的孩子一起说：“你能行！继续努力！不 要放弃！ " A. witness 目击；B. suggest 建议;C. catch 抓住；D. hear 听见。上文 “To hear the pure joy from kids is extremely comforting/9 she says.（“从孩子们那里听到纯粹的快乐是非常令人欣慰的，”她 说。）”指出，拨打热线能够听到孩子们的快乐。故选D项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：按4,会产生孩子们咯咯笑的声音一一这种声音肯定会让任何人都会心一笑。A. generates 产生；B. records 记录；C. analyzes 分析；D. breaks 打破。上文 uIt offers the happy voices of children of different ages sharing positive messages.（它提供不同年龄段的儿童快乐的声音，分享积极的信 息。）”指出，只要拨打热线，就能听到不同的儿童快乐的声音，故此处肯定指的是按下3热线那头就传 来笑声，即有笑声产生。故选A项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：按4,会产生孩子们咯咯笑的声音一一这种声音肯定会让任何人都会心一笑。A. mark 记号；B. wrinkle 皱纹;C. smile 微笑；D. tear 眼泪。上文“"To hear the pure joy from kids is extremely comforting；, she says.（ “从孩子们那里听到纯粹的快乐是非常令人欣慰的，”她说。）”指出拨 打热线让人舒服，故听到孩子们的笑声，任何人的脸上会出现跟笑声一样的笑容。故选C项。【32题详解】考查动词词组辨析。句意：按1,会给那些“感到精神错乱、沮丧或紧张”的人带来一些想法。A. brings up 调出,带来；B. laughs at 嘲笑;C. gives away 泄露;D. turn to 向求助。下文 “Helpful suggestions include “punch your pillow”, or "go get a cookie”.（有用的建议包括“打枕头”或“去拿饼干”。）”指出按1 能收到一些建议，故这些建议是按1这个动作带来的。故选A项。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：按1,会给那些“感到精神错乱、沮丧或紧张”的人带来一些想法。A. distracted思想不集中的；B. content满意的；C.peaceful平和的；D. nervous紧张的。上文“feeling mad, frustrated, or （感到精神错乱、沮丧或）”指出按1的人是精神错乱或者沮丧的人，因此空格处的用于表明 人的状况的词也和这两个词一样指出精神状态的问题，故nervous符合语境。故选D项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：按2,会得到“鼓励和生活建议的话语”。A. management管理；B.encouragement 鼓励；C. judgement 判断；D. argument 争论。 下文 uThe. is a better place with you in it.（有 你在，会变得更美好。）”对拨打热线的人给予了表扬，这是一种鼓励。故选B项。35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：其中包括诸如“有你在，世界会变得更美好。”之类的信息。A.hotline热 线；B. world 世界；C. school 学校；D. street 街道。上文 “Students at an elementary school in California, with the help of their art teacher, created a telephone hotline that people can call to get cheerful advice from kids during difficult times.（加利福尼亚州一所小学的学生在艺术老师的帮助下创建了一条电话热线，肯定是正 对社会上各行各业的人，因此地点范围不应该局限在学校或者小地方，而是告诉人们整个世界都因为他 们变得更好。故选B项。第二节语法填空（共10小题;每小题1. 5分,满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Melodious（悦耳的），elegant and sentimental. These36 （romance）features make Kunqu Opera oneof the most loved art forms in China.Born in Suzhou, East China's Jiangsu province, Kunqu Opera distinguished 37 （it）by the delicacyof its rhythmic patterns and became 38 (wide)popular during the Ming Dynasty( 1368-1644). During the Mid-Autumn Festival in Ming and Qing dynasties( 1644-1911), opera troupest(居U 团)often39 (gather)inSuzhou, staging theatrical performances in ancient China.40 (combine)songs performed in the Suzhou dialect, graceful body movements, martial arts and dance, Kunqu Opera uses an endless variety of movements to express specific emotions. It also pays special attention to each facial expression. Graceful 41 (move)animate the fingertips and unique melodies create a rich and poetic world.Kunqu Opera had a dominant influence on many forms of opera in China t thereafter, including Peking Opera, 42 is about 200 years old. It is hence known 43 the mother of all Chinese operas.As an authentic embodiment(化身)of Chinese culture, stories performed in Kunqu Opera have transcended time and space. The Peony Pavilion, a classic 44 (write)by playwright Tang Xianzu, who is often compared to Shakespeare, is still loved by fans from around the world.A living heritage is like 45 endless dialogue between the present and the past, and Kunqu Opera is a carrier to pass the legacies on.【答案】36. romantic37. itself 38. widely39. gathered40. Combining41. movements42. which 43. as44. written45. an【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了关于昆曲的一些知识，包括它的起源、发展、特点以及对中国戏 曲形式产生的影响等。36题详解】考查形容词。句意：这些浪漫的特点使昆曲成为中国最受欢迎的艺术形式之一。空后feature为名词，空 处应为形容词做定语，故填romantic。【37题详解】考查反身代词。句意：昆曲诞生于中国东部江苏省苏州市，以其精致的节奏模式而著称，并在明代 (1368-1644)广受欢迎。distinguished的主语和宾语都是昆曲，故宾语用反身代词itself。38题详解】考查副词。句意：昆曲诞生于中国东部江苏省苏州市，以其精致的节奏模式而著称，并在明代(1368- 1644)广受欢迎。空后为形容词popular,空处应为副词修饰形容词，故填widely。【39题详解】考查过去时。句意：古代在明清时期中秋节期间，剧团经常在苏州汇集，上演一些剧场演出。根据句子 成分分析可知此空为谓语，结合in ancient China可知为过去时态，故填gatheredo【40题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：结合了苏州方言戏曲、优雅的肢体动作、武术和舞蹈，昆曲使用了大量的动作 来表达情感。根据句子成分分析，此空为非谓语，逻辑主语昆曲和combine之间为主动关系，句首要大 写,故填 Combining。41题详解】考查名词复数。句意：优雅的动作赋予指尖以生命力，