高中英语译林版必修四教学案unit1sectionⅠweletotheunitamp；reading—pre-reading.docx

Unit 1AdvertisingIf you can get a few weeks off study, then try a volunteer holiday! A volunteer holiday is completely different from the normal kind of holiday that most people are used to. It lets you learn so much about the people and culture of the place that you choose to visit. It can be hard work, but most people think it is a special experience that may change their life. Another great benefit of a volunteer holiday is that you will meet like-minded people and you may become lifelong friends!Volunteer holidaysare mainly divided intothree kinds："Helping the people who need help."Helping tocare forendangered wildlife."Helping to protect the environment.If you want to go on a volunteer holiday, the first decision you need to make is where to go. A good way to plan a volunteer holiday is to work on a volunteer project. For example, Global Volunteers is an organization which offers volunteer holidays in many places around the world. You can travel to a certain country, play games with the local children, and visit the local people. You might fix up（修理， 装饰）a house or help with the gardening.Volunteer holidays can be as short as a week, oras long as a year. Whafs certain is that you willlearn a lot aboutthe place you go to, and you will return with some amazing memories.课时跟踪检测I.课文缩写填空There are two main types of advertisements - 1 .commercial advertisements and 2.public service advertisements （PSAs）. The former is one which someone has paid for to 3.advertise a product or service. Although we have laws to protect us from ads that 4.cheat people, we still must be 5. a ware of the skillful methods used in ads to try and sell us things. Even if an ad does not lie, it does not mean it is altogether 6.innocent. We must not 7,fall for this kind of trick! The latter is one that they are placed for free and meant to educate people to believe in an idea which 8,affects public welfare. PSAs mainly deal with large social problems and are made to serve the public. They also teach us how to live better lives. Although not all ads play 9.tricks on us, we must all use our 10.intelligence and not be a slave to them.II .阅读理解When you think of the different types of advertising, several come to your mind. There are the traditional means to advertise: newspapers, magazines, radio, television, billboards, and even taxicabs. Yet there are other types of advertising, such as aerial advertising （空中广告），which is very different in many aspects.Radio advertising is aimed at the local customers. The downside of using radio is that the customer needs to have the station tuned in. Placement of ads on the radio is another consideration since listening time is important to the ads. The upside of using radio is that the audience does tend to remember jingles （广 告词）that are easy to remember.Magazine and newspaper advertising is directed to the subscribers （订阅人）.Thesubscriptions limit the availability to non-subscribers. The concept of being able to read information online is slowly changing the subscriptions to this advertising market. Limitations of circulation of magazines and newspapers mean fewer people viewing the advertisements.Television advertising is channeled to the viewers. Limitations of viewers based on the available channel selections lower the exposure audience. With the availability of satellite to consumers, locating the client base for advertisement can easily be lost or overlooked.Billboard advertising focuses on the area of the billboard. Limitations of outside regions viewing the information are high. Getting the attention of the passers-by to view the information is also a subject to be considered.Aerial banner advertising focuses on vast population of various regions. Based upon the region, the exposure is limitless. Grabbing or gaining the public's attention is based on simple human nature to look up at the airplane that is flying overhead. People typically look up when a plane flies overhead. To have a banner with an advertisement adds more curiosity and response.People tend to remember aerial advertising at a high rate. They also tend to communicate to others about the advertisement by sharing the information by word of mouth. This word of mouth is absolutely free but is of important benefit to aerial advertising. Aerial advertising can be done throughout the entire year, but the warmer months are preferred. Aerial advertising has certain restrictions, yet these restrictions are fewer than the other means of advertising.语篇解读：这是一篇说明文，介绍了不同形式广告的利与葬厂1. The underlined word “downside“ in the second paragraph can be replaced by "A. strengthB. weaknessC. purposeD. instruction解析：选B 词义猜测题。依据第二段内容推断，downside和upside相呼应，分别指 收音机广告的弊端和优势。故B项正确。2. Which of the following is the author probably in favor of?A. Radio advertising.B. Television advertising.C. Aerial advertising.D. Billboard advertising.解析：选C 推理判断题。依据最后一段中的"tend to remember aerial advertising at a high rate,X6absolutely free,ncbenefit,X4throughout the entire year”,特别是最后一句可推断，作者对 aerial advertising 赘美有加。3. What does the passage mainly tell us?A. Different advantages of advertising.B. Advantages overpass weaknesses.C. Various weaknesses of advertising.D. Different types of advertising.解析：选D 主旨大意题。本文既提到各种形式的广告的优势又提到其弊端，因此，A、 C两项作为标题太片面，B项不符合文意，D项涵盖最全面。4. How many types of advertising are mentioned in the passage?A. 4.B. 5.C. 6.D. 7.解析：选D 细节理解题。由文中第一段最后两句可知。III ,任务型阅读The concept of privacy in our society is something relatively modem - a term publicly talked about only since the recent Reform and Opening up.Before this historical change, China was under the influence of ultra-left thought, where everything related to "self was thought as backward, shameful, even against the theme of communism, since they might be in contradiction to public interest. Needlessly to say, "privacy” which had almost the same meaning for shamefulness or dark soul.With the development of the commodity economy, China is increasingly involved in international affairs. Therefore, Chinese gradually realized that privacy is actually in everyone's interest. Put simply, regardless of a person's profession, position, status, identity or age, it is impossible for him or her to appear the same 24 hours a day unless a hypocrite (伪君子)or hiding failure to perform.Privacy is normally regarded as personal information that is unrelated to others, or that a person is unwilling to reveal. Information such as a person*s religion, belief, hobbies or personal activities may cause discrimination or embarrassment if they are unfavorably disclosed. People may lack of a sense of safety in a society where privacy cannot be properly protected.One thing that impressed me most in a country where I emigrated twenty years ago was the personal space people left for others. For example, when people are queuing up they keep a quite distance from one another, unlike the Chinese always keep too close to each other and make their way by pushing and shoving and crowding.Essential personal information may include a personafs political affiliation (联系)，financial status, medical conditions, family affairs and so on. These ought to be appropriately protected, even by law. Concern for others, essential personal information is traditionally a way the Chinese care for others, but in a western country can be regarded as an offence.A moral person should recognize and respect others* privacy, and others treat them the same way in return. Social ethics and a healthy culture are thus formed when moral people are evident. Respecting individuals' privacy is an important component of stable society and advocates the public getting along well with each other. In a way, privacy shouldn't be simply viewed as a personal concept at all; rather, it indicates how civilized a society is.Learn to Respect Others* PrivacyThe degree of concern about privacy in ChinaBefore Reform and Opening upInfluenced by ultra-left thought, everything related to “self (1)communism.After Reform andOpening upWith the development of economy and China's increasing (2)internationally, theconcept of privacy is introduced.Categories of privacy Personal information or activities unrelated to others, if (3)，may cause discrimination and embarrassment. Personal space is the region surrounding a person, whose (4)tends to be ignored by Chinese. Essential personal information includes some basic private information, an excessive concern over which may be considered (5).(6)of respectingprivacy People will feel a sense of safety in a society where privacy is under proper (7). Respecting privacy plays an important role in creating a stable and(8)society.套案. 1=1 Respecting privacy is not simply public (9)sense but anindication of social (10).3. revealed/disclosed/exposed /aggressive Importance8. harmonious nSection IWelcome to the unit & Reading Pre-reading熹阖释疑把课文读懂原文呈现读文清障AdvertisementsNowadays, we can find advertisements1almost wherever we so2 . We are so used to'them that we often do not even realize how many we see and hear in a day. I did some research on , advertisements, and have some very important information to share with you.What is an advertisement?An advertisement uses words and pictures to persuadepeople to buy a product or service, or to believe in an idea. Newspapers, magazines, the Internet, radio and television are the most common places to find them. There are two main types of advertisements - commercial advertisements and public service advertisements (PSAs). A commercial advertisement is one which someone has paid for to advertise" a product or service®. PSAs are often run for free11, and are meant to14educate people about health, safety, or any other problem that affects public welfare.(Dadvertisement/ad'vslIsmant/n.yT-;广告宣传where ver we go是wherever引导的地点状语从句。用wherever不用where是表示强调。sothat引导结果状语从句obe used to对习以为常，习惯于，适应，to是介词。do research on对进行研究share”.分享；分担；共有share sth. with/among sb.与某人分享某物©persuade/pa'sweld/vt.说服，劝说；使信服persuade sb. to do sth.说服某人做某事©commercial advertisements 商 业广告public service advertisements 公益广告©advertise/1dvatalz/z.&vi. M 广告；宣传定语从句 which someone has paid for 修饰 one。for free免费be meant to旨在，目的是welfare/'welfea(r)/儿(个体或群体的)幸福、安全和健康；福利广告现今，无论我们走到哪里，几乎都可以看到广告。我们对广告太习以为常了，甚至常常 意识不到一天当中看到和听到多少广告。我对广告做了一些研究，有一些非常重要的信息同 大家分享。什么是广告？广告使用文字和图片来说服人们购买某种产品或服务，或者是相信某种理念。报纸、杂 志、互联网、广播及电视是最普遍的广告载体。广告主要分为两类一商业广告和公益广告。 商业广告是一种某人为了推销某种产品或服务而花钱做的广告。公益广告往往是免费投放 的，旨在就健康、安全或其他影响公共福利的问题教育公众。Does an advertisement tell people the complete truth?There are laws to protect people from11 advertisements that cheat people. However, we still must be aware ofthe skilful methods used in ads to try and sell us things1'. Even if®' an ad does not lie, it does not mean it is altogether innocent .One toothpaste ad declares, "Bright-Teeth fights bad breath® ' This statement tries to fool® you into assuming that the toothpaste cures® bad breath, yet it does not say that! AlLiLsays is IhftLiLfights iL and that isilQt the same thingjat all®. Onegrocery® tells customers, 'You are proud of your cooking, so shouldn't you buy the very freshest food? ' This ad is very clever, because it tells customers they are good cooks. However, it never says that this grocery has the freshest food! The grocery just hopes that when you read the ad, you will feel pleased® with the nice comment®, remember the words 'freshest food' , and make a mental® connection with the food in the grocery. We must not fall for® this kind of trick® !，protect. from 保护免受that cheat people为that引导的定语从句。cheat/tfi.欺骗；作弊.骗子；欺诈行为be aware of意识到skilful/skllfl/a力.有技巧的;熟练的used in ads为过去分词短语作后置定语；to try and sell us things为不定式短语作目的状 语。even if/though虽然，即使altogether勿勿.完全，全部，在句中表示强调。innocent/'Inasnt/a祝清白的，无罪的；无恶意的；纯真的 bad breath” . 口 臭breath/bre0/n,气息；呼吸谴fool/fu:l/“欺骗；愚弄儿傻瓜fool sb. into doing sth.欺骗某人做某事-cure/§8（r）/“治愈;解决机药物；疗法;对策®本句中All后是省略了关系代词that的定语从句；第一个is后的that引导的是表语从 句,that不可以省略。grocery/'g3。sori/机杂货店pleased/pli:zd/a力.高兴，满意；乐于（做某事） be/feel pleased with .对感到满意comment/koment/机评论，评价 式.评论，议论 comment on/about 对的评论mental/'men甘/力心理的；思想的，精神的；智力的©fall for上的当，受的骗trick/trlk/儿骗局；玩笑，恶作剧；把戏；诀窍 “欺骗，欺诈play tricks on 欺骗,捉弄广告会百分之百地讲真话吗？有法律保护人们免受虚假广告的欺骗。然而，我们还是要对广告中试图向我们推销东西 的有技巧的方法保持清醒的认识。即使一则广告没有撒谎，也并不意味着这则广告就是完全 “清白”的。一则牙膏广告宣称：“亮齿牌牙膏挑战口臭！ ”这一表述试图糊弄你，让你误 以为这种牙膏可以治愈口臭，但真实上广告中并没有这样说！广告上只是说“挑战”，它与 “治愈”压根儿就是两码事。有一家杂货店，它对顾客如此说道：“您为自己的厨艺感到自 豪，难道不应该购买最新鲜的食品吗？ ”这则广告很聪明，聪明就聪明在其吹捧顾客是烹饪 高手。但是，这则广告本身却根本没说本杂货店供应的是最新鲜的食品！这家食品杂货店只 是希望当你读到这则广告时，你会很乐于看到其中的恭维，记住“最新鲜的食品”这几个词， 在心理上将其与该店里的食品联系起来。我们绝不能轻信这种小把戏而上当啊！Public service advertisements.PSAs use some of the same methods, like attractive pictures and clever language, but they are made to serve the public. PSAs aim© to teach us and help us lead better lives. Our government understands this and has been using PSAs to educate people for many years. China began a nationwide® public service advertising campaign© in 1996, and since then various types of PSAs have appeared around the country. You have probably seen or heard some of them yourself, such as, 'Yes to life, no to drugs®' and Knowledge changes life' . These ads deal with® widespread social concerns. There are also PSAs that encourage people to support© public service projects, such as Project Hope. Its motto is "Project Hope - educating every child' . There are even PSAs lQeAQhjlS.hQWJQ.liYC. heal thy. livgs®. One of these is, "When you smoke cigarettes®, you are slowly killing yourself.J All of these ads are meant to benefit® the public, and you can often learn a lot by following the advice thevgiy®-Finally, I wish to tell you this: ©think about why you should do the things the ad suggests, or buy the product or service the ad promotes©. When it comes to advertisements®, we must all use our intelligence® and not be a slave© to them!©though此处用作副词，意为“然而，不过“，常置于句末。not和表示整体意义的all连用，表示部分否定。Qaim/elm/"&oi.以为目标；瞄准n.目的，目标aim to do打算做某事；旨在®nationwide/,nelfn'wald/M/.&aQ.全国范围的（地），全国性的（地）worldwide 切.全世 界范围内的campaign/kaem'peln/.运动（为了某种目的而进行的一系列有计划的活动）drug/drAg/机毒品；药，药物deal with涉及，关于；处理；应付©encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事motto/mot。/.座右铭；格言，箴言颔to teach为不定式短语作PSAs的定语，how to为“疑问词+不定式”作teach的 宾语。cigarette/'slg3ret/儿香烟,卷烟bene行t/benIfIt/".&式.使受益；得益于.益处；救济金；奖金 benefit from从中受益for the benefit of.为了的利益©they give是省略了关系代词that或which的定语从句,修饰adviceo因为关系词在从 句中作give的宾语，所以可以省略。句中why引导宾语从句，the ad suggests为定语从句,修饰things, the ad promotes为 定语从句，修饰product or service o国promote/pr3maot/"推广，宣传；促销；促进，推动©when it comes to .当涉及,当谈到intenigence/In'telld突ns/.智力,才智；情报slave/slelv/机完全受控制的人；奴隶公益广告但并非所有的广告都跟我们玩花招。公益广告也使用某些相同的手法，如：引人注目的 图片和具有创意的语言，但公益广告的目的是服务大众。公益广告旨在教育我们并帮助我们 过上更好的生活。我国政府认识到公益广告的价值，因而多年来一直使用公益广告教导大众。 1996年，中国在全国范围内开展了一场公益广告宣传活动，从那时起至今，全国范围内已 经发布