含答案解析高考英语真题之语法填空练习题.docx

1. (2022年新高考1卷)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park(GPNP). 1_ (cover)an area about three times 2 size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that 3(be)previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areasfor giant pandas under one authority 4(increase)effectiveness and reduceinconsistencies in management.After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP 5(design)to reflect the guiding principle of "protecting the authenticityand integrity(完整t生)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones,6 leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)forfuture generations. The GPNP's main goal is to improve connectivity between separate 7(population)and homes of giant pandas,and 8(eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild.Giant pandas also serve 9 an umbrella species(物种)，bringing protectionto a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species 1 0 live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve thehealth of the ecosystem in the area.参考答案【答 案】 1. Covering 2. the 3. were 4. to increase 5. isdesigned 6. and 7. populations 8. eventually 9. as 1 0. that4 (2022年1月浙江卷)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(一个单词)或括号内单词的正确形 式。Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing minority of academics 31 are cutting back on their air travelbecause of climate change. Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like frequently by plane 32(view) as important for scientists to get togetherand exchange information. But Cobb and others 33(be) now questioning thatidea pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely, and 34(change) their personal behavior to do their part in dealing with theclimate change crisis. On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example,35 ( rough ) 200 academics - many of them climate scientists 36(promise) to fly as little as possible since the effort started twoyears ago.Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak 37 she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of 38 time, theyagreed. When the answer, was no, she, declined the 39(invite) . Thatapproach brought Cobb*s air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans 40 (continue) the practice. HIt has been fairly rewarding. shesays, "a really positive change.H参考答案【答 案】 31. who 、 that 32. is viewed/has been viewed33. are34. changing 35. roughly36. have promised 37. whether/if 38. the 39. invitation 40. to continue【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个由学者团体发行的实践，目的是 为了减少学术飞行以应对气候变化危机。31题详解】考查定语从句。句意：亚特兰大佐治亚科技研究院的教授Kim Cobb是一个少 数但是不断增加的少数学者中的一员，因为气候变化，他们正在削减他们的飞机 旅行。名词academics后为定语从句且在从句中作主语，应使用关系代词替代，故 填 that/whoo【32题详解】考查被动语态。句意：对科学家而言，旅行去参加会议、讲座、工作室之类 的地方来相聚并交流信息这件事被视为是重要的。描述人们普遍认知的事情用一 般现在时，此处也可以表示强调人们从过去到现在的认知，动名词作主语与主谓 之间存在被动关系，故填is viewed或has been viewedo【33题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：但是现在Cobb和其他人正在质疑那个想法，推 动会议提供更多远程参加的机会以及为了尽自己的能力来应对气候变化危机，他 们正在改变他们的个人行为。根据句意可知，此处也应使用现在进行时，主语为 复数，故填are。【34题详解】考查时态。句意：但是现在Cobb和其他人正在质疑那个想法，推动会议提供 更多远程参加的机会以及为了尽自己的能力来应对气候变化危机，他们正在改变 他们的个人行为。分析句子结构可知，此处and连接并列的动词questioning和 change,故填 changingo考查副词。句意：例如，在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上，自从两年前 成立以来，大约有200个学者，他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。此处修饰数字 用副词roughly “粗略地大约”，故填roughlyo【36题详解】考查时态。句意：例如，在一个叫''无飞行科学家”的网站上，自从两年前 成立以来，大约有200个学者，他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。根据时间状语 “since+过去时间”可知主句应使用现在完成时,故填have promised0【37题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：对于她的出席，Cobb开始询问邀请她的组织者是否可 以远程进行。显然ask后面出现了一个宾语从句，宾语从句句意不完整，whether/if “是否”符合语境，故填whether或if。【38题详解】考查冠词。句意：大约有四分之三的时间，他们同意了。此处特指Cobb询问 的时间范围内，故填the。【39题详解】考查名词。句意：当答案是否定的时候，她拒绝了那个邀请。此处需填入名 词作动词decline的宾语，故填invitation0【40题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：他打算继续这个实践。动词plan后面跟动词不定式， plan to do sth "计戈ij做”, 故填 to continue。5 （2022年6月浙江卷）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形 式。To understand a painting, we' re taught to look for color, composition, and light. But how can a painting 36 (appreciate)by someone who? s blind? Through touch, the one thing gallery signs tell you not 37 (do). John Olson, a former 38(photograph)and his team turn paintings into fullytextured 3D models.The tactile(可触知的)paintings work as a way to show art to39blind because we don't see with just Our eyes: We see with our brains. Research in the field of neuroplasticity-the brain's adaptability-shows that the visual cortex(大脑皮层)is made active by touch. Blind people recognize shapes with their40(exist) senses, in a way similar to that of41(sight )people, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist.Luc Gandarias, who's now thirteen, went blind suddenly 42 age seven. When he felt a 3D version of Leonardo da Vinci's Z/Mona Lisa” he 43(notice)her smile right away. I can actually feel what yousee when you look at it," he said.For Luc, this means 44 (independent). “The feeling of being able to see it 45to form my opinion is like breaking downanother wall as a blind person/1参考答案【答案】36beappreciated 37todo 38. photographer 39. the 40. existing 41. sighted 42. at43. noticed 44. independence 45. and【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了触觉画是向盲人展示艺术的一种方式。【36题详解】考查含有情态动词的被动语态。句意：但是一个盲人怎么能欣赏一幅画呢？ 主语a painting与谓语appreciate为被动关系，且置于情态动词can之后，所 以本句为含有情态动词的被动语态。故填be appreciatedo【37题详解】考查不定式。句意：通过触摸，这是画廊招牌告诉你不要做的一件事。tell sb not to do sth"告诉某人不要做某事”为固定短语。故填to d。【38题详解】考查名词。句意：约翰噢尔森是一位前摄影师，他和他的团队将绘画转化为 全纹理3D模型。单数名词做主语，根据句意表示"摄影师"，此处为单数概念，故 填 photographero【39题详解】考查冠词。句意：触觉画是向盲人展示艺术的一种方式，因为我们不仅仅用 眼睛看；我们用大脑看。the blind盲人，the +形容词表示一类人。故填the。考查形容词。句意：哈佛大学的科学家埃拉斯特里姆-阿米特（EllaStriem-Amit）说，盲人用他们现有的感官识别形状，在某种程度上与正常人相似。 形容词existing作定语，修饰sense。故填existing。41题详解】考查形容词。句意：哈佛大学的科学家埃拉斯特里姆-阿米特（Ella Striem-Amit）说，盲人用他们现有的感官识别形状，在某种程度上与正常人相似。 形容词sighted作定语修饰名词people,表示“能看见的、不盲的"。故填sighted。【42题详解】考查介词。句意：LucGandarias今年13岁，7岁时突然失明。表示在多大 年龄时，用介词ato故填ato【43题详解】考查时态。句意：当他触摸到莱昂纳多达芬奇的3D版蒙娜丽莎时，他 立刻注意到了她的微笑。根据"he felt"可知，本句为一般过去时。故填noticed。【44题详解】考查名词。句意:对卢克来说，这意味着独立。不可数名词independence 作mean的宾语。故填independence。【45题详解】考查连词。句意：能够看到它并形成我的观点的感觉就像盲人推倒了另一堵 墙。根据句意可知，前后为并列关系，所以用and来连接。故填and。2. （2021年6全国甲卷）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It 51(build) originally to protect the city 52 the Tang dynastyand has now been completely restored (修复).It is possible 53(walk) or bikethe entire 14 kilometers.We accessed the wall through the South Gate. The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of people moving inside and outside the City Wall.After 54(spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at thewall, we decided it was time for some action and what 55(good) than to ride ona piece of history!We 56(hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky 57 did the job. It took us about 3 hours to go all 58 way around the Xi'an City Wall. Supposedly you can do it in two hours,but we stopped at the different gates and 59(watchtower) to take pictures orjust to watch the local people going about their 60(day) routines.参考答案【答 案】 51. was built 52. in/during 53. to walk 54. spending 55. better 56. hired 57. but 58. the 59. watchtow ers 60. daily【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者游览西安长城的过程。51题详解】考查动词语态。句意：它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的，现在已经完 全修复了。build和主语it之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，根据时间状语the Tang dynasty可知，应用一般过去时。故填was built。【52题详解】考查介词。句意：它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的，现在已经完全修 复了。表示“在某个朝代“，应用介词in或during。故填in或during。【53题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：骑行或者走完全程的14公里是可能的。固定句型It +be+adj+todosth., it为形式主语，不定式短语作真正主语。故填to walk。【54题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后， 我们决定是时候采取一些行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。此处After 为介词，应用动名词，作介词宾语。故填spending。【55题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之 后，我们决定是时候采取一些行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。根据后 文than可知，此处应用形容词good的比较级better。故填better。【56题详解】考查动词时态。句意：我们从南门的租赁处租了自行车。根据语境可知，此 处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填hired。【57题详解】考查连词。句意：我的自行车又旧又摇摇晃晃，但还可以骑。后文did the job 和前文My bike was old and shaky之间存在转折关系，应用转折连词but。故填but。【58题详解】考查冠词。句意：我们绕着西安城墙一路走了大约3个小时。固定短语all the way “一直，完全地”。故填the。考查名词复数。句意：据说你可以在两个小时内完成，但我们在不同的大门 和了望台停下来拍照，或者只是看当地人进行他们的日常生活。watchtower是可 数名词，由different修饰，应用复数形式。故填watchtowers。【60题详解】考查形容词。句意：据说你可以在两个小时内完成，但我们在不同的大门和 了望台停下来拍照，或者只是看当地人进行他们的日常生活。修饰后文名词 routines,应用形容词daily,作定语。故填dailyo(2021年6新高考I卷)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles5 song “The Long and Winding Road".41 is so breathtaking about the experience is theout-of-this-world scenes. The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we 42(human) are.The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will 43(undoubted) help you get refreshed! The amazing thing aboutthe spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the 44(hot) the spring!Strange, isn't it? But that's how nature is 一 always leaving us 45(astonish).What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can't help wondering how hard it 46(be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place. Though itis the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure 47offers a place where you can sit down to restyour 48(ache) legs.As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitor's memory. It sure does in 49(I). While you're inChina, Mount Huangshan is 50 must to visit!参考答案【答案】41. What 42. humans 43. undoubtedly 44. hotter 45. astonished 46. w as 47. and 48. aching 49. mine 50. a【分析】本文属于说明文。文章介绍黄山的三种代表性的事物一一云海，温 泉以及台阶。41题详解】考查主语从句。句意：这次经历的惊人之处在于这世界之外的景色。此处是 主语从句，从句缺乏主语，应用what引导，指代“经历的事情”。故填What。【42题详解】考查名词复数。句意：当你站在黄山山顶看见波涛汹涌般的云海，你会想到 我们人类是多么的渺小。human是we的同位语，we为复数，应用human的复数 形式。故填humanso【43题详解】考查副词。句意：它无疑会帮助你恢复精神！此处修饰动词help作状语，用 副词形式undoubtedly “毫无疑问地”。【44题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：关于黄山温泉让人惊讶的是，气温越低，温泉越 暖和！此处是固定结构“the+比较级，the+比较级”，意为“越，越”。 故填 hotter o【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国政府决定建立的大熊猫国 家公园(GPNP)的计划。1题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为 中国首批国家公园之一。分析句子可知，空处应填动词非谓语形式作状语，空处 和逻辑主语the GPNP为逻辑的主动关系，应用现在分词形式作状语，首字母大写。 故填 Coveringo【2题详解】考查冠词。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首 批国家公园之一。分析句子可知，此处考查倍数表达法，即为：倍数+ the size of + 比较成份，因此此处应填定冠词the。故填the。【3题详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受 保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少 管理上的不一致性。分析句子可知，空处在that引导的定语从句中作谓语，先行 词为a significant number of areas,先行词在从句中作主语，根据"previously (之 前地)”可知从句的时态应为一般过去时，根据主谓一致，从句主语复数，从句谓 语复数形式。故填were。【4题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地 区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的 不一致性。分析句子可知，空处应填动词非谓语形式作目的状语，故空处应用动 词不定式作目的状语。故填to increase。考查形容词。句意：但大自然就是这样一一总是让我们惊讶。此处是“leave + 宾语+宾语补足语”，补充说明宾语us的感受，应用-ed结尾形容词astonished, 表示人的感受“感到震惊的"。故填astonished。【46题详解】考查动词时态。句意：你不禁会想，对当时的人们来说，把这些石头都安置 好有多难。分析句子可知，“ how hard it 61(be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place”作wonder的宾语，it是从句的形式主语，不定式为真正主语， 谓语动词用单数形式，“安置台阶的石头”是过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故 填 waso【47题详解】考查连词。句意：虽然在上山的路上，这是唯一不自然的事情，但它仍然突 出了整个冒险，并且提供了一个你可以坐下来休息你疼痛的双腿的地方。分析句 子可知，uhighlights the whole adventure 与 offers a place,部分为并列关系， 都是作it的谓语，应用并列连词and。故填and。【48题详解】考查形容词。句意：虽然在上山的路上，这是唯一不自然的事情，但它仍然 突出了整个冒险，并且提供了一个你可以坐下来休息你疼痛的双腿的地方。分析 句子及语境可知，此处应用形容词aching “疼痛的”，修饰名词legs,意为“疼 痛的双腿”。故填achingo【49题详解】考查代词。句意：正如歌中所唱，这条漫长而曲折的道路“永远不会消失”， 它将永远留在游客的记忆中。对我来说确实如此。根据前一句"it will always stick in the visitor's memory”可知，本句的does替代前一句的stick,本句缺乏宾语，应用名词性物主代词mine,指代my memory 0故填mine。【50题详解】考查冠词。句意：当你在中国的时候，黄山是一个你一定要去的地方。must 作名词时，意为“绝对必要的事物”，为可数名词，此处泛指“一个必须去的地 方”，应用不定冠词，must是以辅音音素开头的词，应用a。故填a。3. (2021年6全国乙卷)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact (影响)travel to undisturbed places. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler tobecome 61 (educate) about the areas - both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefitsthe 62 (develop) of the local areas.Ecotourism has 63 (it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely accepted as a travelconcept 64 the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness made it desirable.Due to 65 growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types 66 trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles:-Minimize the impact of 67 (visit) the place.-Build respect for and awareness of the environment and culturalpractices.-Provide 68(finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.-Make sure that the tourism provides experiences for both the visitors and the hosts.Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity, 69 (activity) there range from whale watching to hiking (远足)and accommodations aim 70(have) a low impact on the natural environment.参考答61. educated 62. development 63. its 64. until 65. the 66. of 67. vi siting 68. financial 69. Activities 70. to have【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了生态旅游通常被认为是到未受干扰地 区的低影响旅游。但是由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅 行现在被归类为生态旅游。实际上，生态旅游必须满足一些规定。61题详解】考查形容词。句意：这不同于传统的旅游，因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区无论是地理环境还是文化特色，并且经常为环境保护提供资金，并有利于当 地的发展。分析句子成分可知，此处查固定搭配become educated about表示“对有所了解”。故填educatedo【62题详解】考查名词。句意：这不同于传统的旅游，因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区一一 无论是地理环境还是文化特色，并且经常为环境保护提供资金，并有利于当地的 发展。根据空格前的定冠词the可知，此处填入名词development,表示“发展”， 作动词benefits的宾语。故填developmento【63题详解】考查代词。句意：生态旅游起源于20世纪70年代的环境运动。结合语意， 此处表示生态旅游有它的起源，空处应用形容词性物主代词its,表示“它的”， 符合句意。故填itSo【64题详解】考查介词。句意：直到20世纪80年代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受。根 据句意可知，此处表示“直到20世纪80年代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受”， 应用短语not.until.,表示“直到才'：符合句意。故填until。【65题详解】考查冠词。句意：由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅 行现在被归类为生态旅游。结合语意，此处特指与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受 欢迎，空处应用定冠词the表示特指。故填the。【66题详解】考查介词。句意：由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅 行现在被归类为生态旅游。various types of为固定搭配，表示“各种各样的”， 所以空处应填介词。九 故填of。【67题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：最大限度地减少参观这个地方的影响。根据空格前 介词。f可知，空格处应填动名词形式作介词of的宾语。故填visiting。【68题详解】考查形容词。句意：为当地人民提供财政援助和其他福利。空格修饰名词aid, 应用形容词形式作定语，financial是形容词，表示“财政的”，符合句意。故填 financial o【69题详解】考查名词。句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行和住宿的宗旨是对自然环境 影响达到很小。分析句子结构，空处应用名词作句子主语，应用名词的复数形式 表示泛指，置于句首，首字母大写。故填Activities。【70题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行和住宿的宗旨是对自 然环境影响达到很小。aim to do为固定短语，表示“旨在，目的是"，符合句意, 所以空处应用不定式形式。故填to have。4. （2021年1浙江卷）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确 形式。In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index (体重指数)across 200 countries, the scientists found that people worldwide are getting heavier 71 that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool 72 gives anindication of whether someone is a healthy weight. It is calculated by dividing a 73(person) weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 an