外研社小学英语一年级起点四年级下知识点.docx
外研社小学英语一年级起点四年级下知识英语（四年级下）主要知识点整理（例句都是课本中原句）.祈使句：表示请求、命令、建议等的句子。祈使句不需要主语，谓语动词用原形，句子末尾一般用感叹号。eg: （l）Don'twalk on the grass!（否定祈使句）（2）Lef smake a newspaper!（肯定祈使句）1 . 一般现在时：经常发生的动作或状态（常与always,usually,often,sometimes,seldom, never, everyday/week/year, on Sundays .连用)(1) be 动词的一般现在时:(比较简单)I am, We/You/They are, He/She/It is, There is+单数名词或 不可数名词,There are +复数名词eg: It5snot beautiful, but if shelpfuL（2）行为动词的一般现在时：（单数第三人称的变化是重 点、易错点;助动词用do, don't, does, doesn't）eg: (l)This machine cuts the potatoes.2 3) Fish live in the river and birds live in the tree. (*注意 fish单数和复数写法一样，这里fish前面没有a,所以是复数形 式，后面接谓语动词要用原形。另外，Sheep和deer单复数也 是一样的形式)3. 一般过去时：表示过去发生的动作或状态 (常与.ago, yesterday, theday before yesterday, last week/year/month, once upon a time, one day,the next day, in 2016连用)(l)be动词的一般过去时：I/He/She/It was, We/You/They were, There was+单数名词或 不可数名词,There were +复数名词eg： Once upon a time, there was a boy.(讲故事常用 说法)(2)行为动词的一般过去时：(助动词用did, didn't)一般动词变化：构成法：1.动词原形+ed.如：looklooked.以 e 结尾的词 +d.P ： live-lived2 .以辅音字母+y结尾的词，改y为i,再加ed.如：studystudied, crycried.3 .以重读闭音节或r音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的词,双写这个辅音字母,再加ed.如：clap-clapped, stop- stopped,preferpreferred不规则动词变化：如 had,said,put,saw,got,ranJearnt(式 写 法),bought, came, took, went 等egl: The animals had a concert last week.eg2: The next day, the boy ran to the village again.eg3: What did he play yesterday?eg4: When did you get up last Sunday? I gotup at 8 o'clock.4 .一般将来时：表示还没有发生但将要发生的事情或动作(常与tomorrow,thedayaftertomorrow,nextyear/month/week,soon Jnthefu ture, in . minutes/hours/days.连用)(l)Begoingto+动词原形：多表示即将发生，最近打算、计 划、安排好要做的事情，主观性较强(区分人称，be动词变化 am, is, are)eg: She's going tovisit Australia.(2)Will+动词原形：多表示即将发生的动作或状态，不受 主观因素影响的单纯的将来，客观性较强(不区分人称，都用 will)(*目前小学阶段对这两种形式区分并不明显，可以互换 使用)eg: We will go to the zoo on Sunday.5.现在进行时：表示正在进行或发生的动作(常与now, at present, atthis moment 连用)Be动词+动词的现在分词(*区分人称，注意动词的现在 分词构成的特殊情况)动词的现在分词构成法：(1)一般规则：动词 +ing,如：workworking.(2)以e结尾的动词去掉e加ing.如：live-living, have having.(3)以重读闭音节或i音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母 的词，双写这个辅音字母，再加ing.如:swimswimming,clap- clapping,referreferring.(4)以ie结尾的重读开音节的词，改ie为y,再加ing.如: diedying.eg: (1) Whaf shappening now?(2) Darning is making a card for his father.(3)We are having a party.6.购物相关话题：(1)1 want to buy a pen.(2) Itsexpensive/cheap.(3) It costs one hundred and eighteen yuan.(4) Who wants to buy it?7.音乐演奏相关话题：(*演奏乐器前要加定冠词the )(1)1 played the piano yesterday.(2)You,re playingthe violin for your father.(3)My mum and dad played in the concert.(4)In the end, everyone clapped.(*注意玩球类运动不能加定冠词the, eg:I played football yesterday. )8.时间相关话题：(l)What's thetime now?(2)What time is it now?(3)Ifs 2o'clock.(4)Is it breakfast/lunch/dinner time now?(5)The Chinese cartoonShaolin Kidsis on TV at8 o'clock.9 .方向相关话题：(1)Where is the library?(2)It'sin the north/south/west/east of China.(3)1 went to the north/south/west/east.(4)Beijing is the capital of China.10 .原因相关话题：
