2023年广东省深圳市大湾区高考英语一模试卷-普卷.docx

2023年广东省深圳市大湾区高考英语一模试卷一'阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）AAn internship （实习）is a great way to gain valuable experience in your chosen future career.Here, we offer some fantastic worldwide internships with opportunities to help you gain some really unique and diverse experience.Dental Internship in South AfricaJoin our dental elective to boost your dental work experience.Youll work with a professional dentist and assist in day-to-day tasks at check-up camps.Compare the dental care between your home country and South Africa.Requirement： Interns should be studying dentistry （牙科）Journalism Internship in GhanaSee all aspects of Ghanaian life by reporting on day-to-day life and taking part in a varied journalism internship in Accra.Work for a newspaper, radio or TV station and get hands-on experience in the media industry.Requirement： Good English speakers and general level of fitnessMedical Internship in PalampurIf you are considering a career in medicine or nursing, this is the medical internship for you.Based in northern India, in the foothills of the Himalayas, you will shadow local doctors and nurses and learn lots about the Indian medical system.Requirement： Interns should have an interest in, or already be studying, a medical related course Medical Internship in RomaniaTake part in a highly rated medical internship on a mobile medical unit and within a children's hospital.Work in a variety of medical settings and with a mixture of cases, shadowing doctors and nurses and actively contributing to the care of the patients.Requirement： Minimum requirement of a first aid certificate1. Where is this text probably taken from? dialogue was lively, but then it became quite long and boring.To my surprise, my character had one disrespectful line that complained about his bad luck.I had never said something like that on stage before.Uncomfortable as I felt about it, I had never thought of making myself heard to make a change.! was weak, went silent, and accepted the line as it was.At our first rehearsal （彩升F） , I whispered, the line and hoped with so many distractions on stage that the director wouldn*t notice.Luckily, she didn't.Over three wild weeks of rehearsals, I convinced myself that I could keep faking it.Then, when the curtain finally rose with an audience, maybe I would feel fine about saying the line just once as loudly as I could.On the night of the open dress rehearsal, I was nervous to see an old couple, the Ehlers, seated in the hall.They were close friends of our family and I had no idea they would be there.When the big moment arrived, with nervousness racing through my body, I went for it.I remember the moment quite clearly.Where I stood.How it sounded.How I felt.After the show, the Ehlers met me with cheers, a warm hug, and some brief dialogue of their own.While talking with them, I was overwhelmed by mixed feelings of regret and shame.注意：（1）续写词数应为150左右；（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。'Jason, that was quite some language.You surprised us, " Mrs.Ehlers looked at me.I said goodbye to the couple and waited in the drama room until our director appeared.答案和解析13.【答案】A、B、D【解析】（1）文章出处题。根据第一段An internship （实习）is a great way to gain valuable experience in your chosen future career.Here,we offer some fantastic worldwide internships with opportunities to help you gain some really unique an d diverse experience.（实习是在你选择的未来职业中获得宝贵经验的好方法。在这里，我们提供了 一些很棒的全球实习机会，有机会帮助你获得一些真正独特和多样化的经验。）可知本文主要介 绍世界各地的一些实习机会及其相关要求，不符合学术论文、公众演讲、旅游日志的语篇特征， 可推断出应面向学生，故最有可能出现在学校的杂志中（a school magazine） o故选A。（2）细节理解题。由 Journalism Internship in Ghana 中See all aspects of Ghanaian life by reporting on day-to-day life and taking part in a varied journalism int ernship in Accra.Work for a newspaper,radio or TV station and get hands-on experience in the media industry.（通过报道日常生活和参加在阿 克拉的各种新闻实习，了解加纳生活的各个方面。在报社、广播电台或电视台工作，获得媒体行 业的实际经验。）的实习信息可知，该实习可以看到加纳人日常生活的方方面面，故选B。（3）推理判断题。根据这两部分的you will shadow local doctors and nurses and learn lots about the Indian medical system.（物K告总艮随 当土也 的医生和护士，学习很多关于印度医疗系统的知识。）以及Work in a variety of medical settings and with a mixture of cases,shadowing doctors and nurses and actively contributing to the care of the patients.（在不同的医疗环境 和不同的病例中工作，跟随医生和护士，积极为病人的护理做出贡献。）可知，两份实习中均出 现"shadow doctors and nurses” shadow作及物动词表”跟随实地学习（或参观）”，故他们的共同之处在于都鼓励向前辈学习。故选D。本文主要介绍了四种实习机会，分别是南非的牙科实习、加纳的新闻实习、印度北部的医学实习 和罗马尼亚的医学实习。阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对 未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。47.【答案】B、D、C、B【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段中的She did quit,but she was having difficulty reconnecting with people.Even looking someone in the eyes proved to be d ifficult.（她确实戒了，但是她很难与人交流。甚至看着某人的眼睛都很困难。）可知Deegan在人 际交往方面很吃力，故选B项。（2）细节理解题。根据第三段中的Deegan started bringing her homemade baked cookies to people's homes,which helped her reconnect with people. ''Feeding people is such a universal love language, “ she said.（Deegan开始把她自制的烤饼干带到人们的家中，这有助于她与人们重新建立联系。”喂人是一 种如此普遍的爱的语言，”她说。）可知，Deegan认为给人送食物是一种通用的表达爱的方式， 也正是这种出于好意的为他人提供烘焙食品的行为，为后来Deegan面包房的开业奠定了基础，故 选D项。（3）细节理解题。根据第五段中的When she needs more help,Deegan says she looks for anyone who is just excited to work, even if they don't have any experience.（Deegan说，当她需要更多帮助时，她会寻找任何对工作感兴趣的人，即使他们没有任何经验。） 和后文的"You just have to walk through the door and be ready,willing and able and excited to show up and work and you've got a job, “ Deegan told the reporter.（迪 根告诉记者：”你只要走进门，做好准备，愿意、有能力、兴奋地出现并工作，你就有了一份工作。 ”）可知，面包店受欢迎并非特别，Deegan的面包店不关注应聘者是否有相关工作经历或者不光 彩的过去，即其特别开放的用人要求（与店主本人经历相呼应）才是特别之处，故选C项。（4）观点态度题。根据第三段初试手艺后的坚持和第四段中的She spent four years developing a pie crust cookie recipe,which has since become the bread and butter of her business.（她花了 四年时间开发馅饼皮饼干的配方, 这已经成为她生意的支柱。）和第五段中的When she needs more help,Deegan says she looks for anyone who is just excited to work,even if they don't have any experience.After her own struggle,she realized that the desire to work was better than having a certain skill set.And she became a second-ch ance employer, hiring women out of prison or the shelter system. (Deegan 说， 当她需要更多帮助时, 她会寻找任何对工作感兴趣的人，即使他们没有任何经验。经过自己的奋斗，她意识到渴望工作 比拥有一定的技能更好。她成了第二次机会雇主，从监狱或收容所系统中雇佣女性。）可知，此 文中作者意图突出Deegan是一个既执着能在逆境和压力中不停努力最终翻身成功，又包容、不嫌 弃乐于接纳那些有缺点或能改过自新的人。干扰项A只是在第四段她研制出秘制做法略有体现, 但这也并未让她更早取得全国性或更大成功，因此表述有些夸大。C选项的坦诚仅在谈及过往不 骗人情境下才有意义，第三段的简历上不写“戒酒"是因为她没有像样的工作经历，唯一的“成就" 就是戒酒，但也不能算是工作经历，因此也不妥当。D选项可以从她无私分享饼干中看出，但不 是此文作者最重点突出的部分。A.Creative and smart.有创意又聪明的；B.Persistent and receptive. 坚持不懈，善于接受的；C.Honest and 0Ptimistic.诚实乐观的；D.Kind and easy-going.善良随和的。 故选B项。本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了 Deegan在战胜酗酒后，重新掌控自己的生活。一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在 十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺 序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。二、看题干，带着问题读文章。首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对 文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。 其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息 进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系， 研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖 掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer, imply, suggest, indicate 等。四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量， 掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会“顺藤摸瓜”，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因 果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。811 .【答案】A、D、C、A【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段 If you experience failure and regard it as a stepping stone, then you have placed yourself into the growth group.（如果你经历过失败，并将其视为一次提升自己的机 会，那么你已经将自己置于成长型群体中。）以及第三段According to the research, people in the growth group tend to generate more creative ideas than those in the fixed group.（根据研究， 成长组的 人往往比固定组的人产生更多的创造性想法。）可知，对于成长性思维的人来说，失败只是一个 垫脚石，从失败中他们能生成更多创新的点子，所以具有成长型思维的人愿意接受挑战，故选A。（2）词句猜测题。根据第二段 If you experience failure and give up, you have conveniently assigned yourself to the fixed group.If you experience failure and regard it as a stepping stone, then you have placed yourself into the growth group.（如果你经历了失败，放弃了，你就很方便地把自己分配到固 定的群体。如果你经历过失败，并将其视为a stepping stone,那么你已经将自己置于成长型群体 中。）可知，固定型思维的人遇到失败就放弃，而与之相对的是，成长型思维的人把失败当作有 帮助的，可'以促进发展。可知，划线短语a stepping stone意为”一次提高的机会A.A road to nowhere 一条不知通往何处的路；B.A challenge in the way 一个路上的挑战；C.An outcome to expect 一种预 期的结果；D.A chance to advance 一个提高的机会。故选D。（3）推理判断题o 根据第三段 According to the research, people in the growth group tend to generate more creative ideas than those in the fixed group.（根据研究，具有成长型思维的人往往比固定型思 维组的人产生更多的创造性想法。）可知，这句话为段首核心观点。To illustrate,consider Thomas Edison.In the 19th centuiy,Edison attempted to improve the light bulb and experimented with numerous materials.Over a thousand t rials,he managed to discover an element sustaining light.A reporter once asked him, nIt seems as though yo u've tried many times and continue to fail each time.Why is that? ” Edison answered,T have not failed.I've just found 10, 000 ways that wont work. ”（举个例子，比如托马斯爱迪生。19世纪，爱迪生试图改进灯泡，并尝试了多种材料。经过一千多次试验，他成功地发现了一种维 持光的元素。一位记者曾问他，”你似乎尝试了很多次，但每次都失败了。为什么？ ”爱迪生回答 说，”没有失败。我刚刚发现一万种方法都行不通。可知，此处为典型举例表述，结合其内容 可知，作者提到爱迪生是以其为例来支撑本段首句提出的观点。故选C。（4）主旨大意题。根据全文，本文第一、二段主要介绍了具有成长型思维的人和具有固定型思维 的人对待失败的截然不同的态度和反应；第三、四段论证了具有成长型思维的人，善于用发展的 眼光看待失败，相比轻言放弃的固定型思维的人，更具有创造力。可知，A.How people inteipret failure often determines their creative output.（对失败的理解、态度会决定会 影响到他们的创造性产出。）符合文意，故选A。本文为一篇记叙文，主要指出人们对失败的理解、态度会决定会影响到他们的创造性产出，相比 轻言放弃的固定型思维的人，具有成长型思维的人用发展的眼光看待失败，更具有创造力。 做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语 句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。1215.【答案】B、C、B、D【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据文章第一段Research into social robots has shown that machines that are at the cutting edge of interaction can respon d to feelings and emotionally care for the weak, the elderly and children.（对社交机器人的研究表明， 处于互动前沿的机器可以对弱者、老人和儿童的情绪和情感关怀做出反应。）可知，社交机器人 可以对情绪作出回应并在情感上关爱弱者、老年人和小孩，这是它的不同之处，与题目中的 uniquely相呼应，故B项与文章内容相符，其余选项均非情感上的帮助。故选B。（2）段落大意题。由第二段Robin was designed as a companion robot to provide emotional support for children receiving medical tr eatment.Robin explains medical procedures to them, plays games and tells stories, and during treatment distracts them to reduce their sense of pain.The robot uses AI to understand other p eople*s feelings, remembering facial expressions and conversations to build dialogue for follow-up sessions.In trials at the Wigmore Medical （UK） Pediatric Clinic in Yerevan, Armenia,the team found that Robin led to a 34% decrease in stress and an increase in happiness of 26% in the 120 children who interacted with him at least once.（罗宾被设计为陪伴机器人，为接受治疗的儿童提供 情感支持。罗宾向他们解释医疗程序，玩游戏，讲故事，并在治疗过程中分散他们的注意力，以 减少他们的痛感。机器人使用人工智能来理解他人的感受，记住面部表情和对话，为后续会议建 立对话。在亚美尼亚埃里温的威格莫尔医学（英国）儿科诊所进行的试验中，研究小组发现，在 120名至少与罗宾互动过一次的儿童中，罗宾使他们的压力减少了 34%,幸福感增加了 26%。） 可知，Robin是为接受治疗的孩子提供情感支持而设计的，随后对Robin的实际用途及其带来的积 极影响加以说明，故C项正确。AD选项以偏概全，B选项缺乏证据过度推断。故选C。（3）推理判断题。由第四段Population trends suggest that the demand for robots to work alongside people in care situations will gro w over time.By 2050, the number of people aged 65 and over globally will be 1.6 billion （17%）, roughly twice the proportion of what it is today.An extra 3.5 million care workers will be needed and tha t will include emotionally intelligent robots.（人口趋势表明，随着时间的推移，人们对与护理人员一 起工作的机器人的需求将会增长。到2050年，全球65岁及以上人口的数量将达到16亿（17%）, 大约是今天的两倍。将需要额外的350万护理人员，其中包括情商高的机器人。）可知，本段的 中心句为第一句，指出“人口趋势表明机器人与护理人员一起工作的需求将会逐步增长。”段落中 进一步解释了由于未来人口的增长，将会导致护理人员需求的增加。因此，第四段是通过分析原 因（analyze causes）展开的。A选项错误因为文段是展开分析而非做观点总结：C选项错误因为 虽然段内只有一句话正面使用了比较，但段首句与后面两句并非使用比较手法来展开；D选项错 误因为下定义必然涉及的概念解释等没有在本段出现。故选B。（4）作者态度题。根据最后一段The impact of social robots on our lives to date has been tiny.But new models are being introduced that c ould make the breakthrough.Human emotions are difficult to define, but as trust in robots increases, breaking down the psychological barrier becomes easier to imagine.（迄今为止,社交机器人对我们生 活的影响很小。但正在推出的新车型可能会带来突破。人类的情感很难定义，但随着对机器人信 任的增加，打破心理障碍变得更容易想象。）可知，可能取得突破的社交机器人新型号正在推出， 且随着人们对机器人信任的增加，打破心理障碍也变得更有可能。由此可知，作者对于社交机器 人的前景抱有期待，故D项”这是一种不可阻挡且有益的趋势”符合文意。A错因为尚未发生：B 属于无中生有；C错因为满足的需求可以高阶。故选D。本文主要介绍了社交机器人的研究成果和应用前景。社交机器人可以通过人工智能技术理解人类 的情感，为弱势群体如儿童、老年人提供情感支持和护理。阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对 未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事 例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。1620.【答案】F、A、E、G、D解析（1）语境衔接题。根据上文 Helping a stranger can be easier than advising someone we've known forever.When friends and family ask for advice, it is more complicated.（帮助一个陌生人可能比建议 一个我们认识很久的人更容易。当朋友和家人寻求建议时，情况就复杂多了。）可知，上文指出 当朋友和家人向你寻求建议时可能情况比较复杂。下文To give better advice, try less fixing and more listening.（要给出更好的建议，试着少处理，多倾听。）此处给出了解决这个问题的建议。F项If we donft get it right, we could hurt someone we love.（如果我们做不好，就会伤害到我们爱的人。） 因此F项承上启下，其中it呼应上文的情况giving advice to friends and family,而someone we love 呼应上文friends and family,同时因为F项提到的不良后果，顺接下文：针对这一问题给出建议。 上下文衔接连贯顺畅。故选F。（2）段落主旨题。根据下文 You should stay open if you can.Keep your hands free.Keep your face neutral and try to avoid looks of shock or judgment.If you look like you're tense or you're distracted, the person might not open up to you as much as you would want them to.（如果可以的话保持开放的态度。 放开你的手。保持面部表情中立，尽量避免露出震惊或评判的表情。如果你看起来很紧张或心不 在焉，这个人可能不会像你希望的那样对你敞开心扉。）可知，本段内容均与身体语言（Body language）相关,因此A项Body language matters.（肢体语言很重要。）符合语境，为本段的中心 句。故选A。（3 经田节理解题。上文 You can't always give advice right now.Texts and FaceTime might be immediate, but your advice doesn't have to be.You can politely explain to someone that you want to give them your full attention when youe ready.（你不能总是当时给出建议。短信和FaceTime可能是即时的，但你 的建议不一定是即时的。你可以礼貌地向某人解释，当你准备好了，你想给他们全部的注意力。） 可知，当被问及建议时，无需马上给出，因此E项Otherwise, you can do more harm than good.（否 则，你会弊大于利。）与上文形成对比关系，指出了如果不这样做的后果，上下文衔接连贯顺畅。 故选Eo（4）细节理解题。上文 People who askMWhat should I do?Hoften want to process a problem themselves.（问"我该怎么办？ ”往往想自己处理问题。）以及下文 A friend's priorities might not match your own, but that doesn't mean they're wrong.（朋友的优先级可 能和你的不一样，但这并不意味着他们是错的。）可知，有时候我们不需要过多干涉他们的选择。 因此 G 项 You're giving good advice if you can help them get there on their own.（如果你能帮助他们 自己做到这一点，你就给出了很好的建议。）与段落大意相符，其中的help them get there on their own与上文中的process a problem themselves及下文中的a friend's priorities相呼应,G项承上启下。 故选G。（5）语境衔接题。根据上句 Instead of saying, "Ugh, you*ve said this 15, 000 times,"you can ask questions(不要说啊，你已经说了 15000次了、你可以问问题。)可知，本空应与 上句内容一致，即问问题，设空处应是一个问题，内容应让人去思考自己的经历，因此D项What has worked for you before ?(以前什么对你有用)符合文意，故选D。本文为一篇说明文。当朋友和家人寻求建议时，我们应如何处理，才不会伤害到他们，真正有利 于他们解决问题，文章给出了相关的建议。考查选句填空。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合前后语句及选项做出正确的选择。21 35.【答案】B、A、C、D、B、A、D、C、A、B、A、C、D、C、D【解析】(1)考查名词及语境理解。A.happiness幸福；B.carelessness粗心大意；C.selfishness自 私；D.weakness虚弱。句意：由于他的粗心大意，我哥哥拐错了弯，把我们带到了一座桥上，我 们没有办法回头。根据上文"My brother and I were driving home together and we were deep in conversation.”可知，由于他的粗心大意，他拐错了弯。故选B项。(2)考查名词及语境理解。A.bridge桥；B.corner角落；C.track轨道；D.house房子。句意：由于 他的粗心大意，我哥哥拐错了弯，把我们带到了一座桥上，我们没有办法回头。根据下文”my brother paid the bridge fee”可知，我们开到了一座桥上。故选A项。(3)考查副词及语境理解。A.Nervously 焦虑地;B.Immediately aZ1B|J； C.Unwillingly 不情愿地； D.Unfortunately不幸地。句意:我哥哥不情愿地付了过桥费，继续开车。根据下文"He was clearly frustrated by the mistake”可知，他是不情愿地付了过桥费，认为这个钱本不必花。故选C项。(4)考查形容词及语境理解。A.unusual不寻常的；B.hateful可恶的；C.hopeless绝望的；D.needless 不必要的。句意：他显然对这个错误和4美元的不必要的浪费感到沮丧。根据上文"mybrothertook awrongt