梅河口市第五中学2023届高三下学期一模英语试卷（含答案）.docx

梅河口市第五中学2023届高三下学期一模英语试卷学校：姓名：班级：考号：一、阅读理解Bike toursBike to Mount VernonA self-guided two-way ride on the Mount Vernon Trail. This scenic trail takes riders through Dyke Marsh Wildlife Preserve and Belleview Park. The banks of the Potomac bring you back to an early America, making the ride a wonderful way to approach the timeless feel of the Mount Vernon Estates.Time: 3-7 hoursDistance: 18 milesAdults: $48Kids: $32Monumental Electric Bike TourSee it all on our tour where we ride the entire National Mall and circle the Tidal Basin. Your knowledgeable guide will lead you past the Smithsonian Museums, and around to all the major sites including the U.S. Capitol, Pennsylvania Avenue, Washington Monument, WWII Memorial, Lincoln Memorial, etc.Time: 3 to 3.5 hoursDistance: 9 milesAdults: $79Must be at least 16 years old to participate.Monuments Nite Bike TourJoin us as we bike toward the setting sun . there*s no better way to spend an evening in Washington! This evening bike tour takes you to the National Mall and the Tidal Basin when the monuments are less crowded and the air is cooler. Riders are equipped with reflective vests (背心)and safety lights.Time: 3 hoursDistance: 4 milesAdults: $49Kids (12 & under): $39Bike the Great Allegheny PassageNational Geographic calls this trail HAn American Classic11 and named it one of the "BestEveryone turned to see who was singing, while I knew it was my brother.参考答案1、答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据 Bike to Mount Vernon 中 This scenic trail takes riders through Dyke Marsh Wildlife Preserve and Belleview Park.（这条风景优美的小道带着骑手穿过 Dyke Marsh野生动物保护区和Belleview公园。）可知，在去Mount Vernon的骑行过程中, 骑手会路过Belleview公园。故选A。2、答案：C解析：数字计算题。根据 Monuments Nite Bike Tour 中 This evening bike tour takes you to the National Mall and the Tidal Basin when the monuments are less crowded and the air is cooler.（晚上的自行车之旅将带您去国家广场和潮汐盆地，当纪念碑不那么拥挤，空 气比较凉爽的时候。）可知,Monuments Nite Bike Tour提供晚上骑行活动;再结合价格 “Adults: $49 Kids（12 under）: $39"可知，骑行价格是成人49美元,12岁以下39美元;由此 可知,一个父亲和他16岁的儿子需支付49x2=98美元。故选C。3、答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据 Bike the Great Allegheny Passage 中 National Geographic calls this trail nAn American Classic" and named it one of the "Best Fall Trips of 20121（国家地 理称这条路线为“美国经典"，并称之为“2012年最佳秋季旅行”之一!）可知，国家地 理杂志高度赞扬了这条线路;并结合Distance:300miles（距离:300英里）可知，这段骑行 距离是300英里;由此可知，国家地理杂志高度赞扬了这条300英里的线路。故选 Do4、答案：A解析：细节理解题。|艮据第二段 A Massachusetts elementary school has announced a nohomework pilot program for the coming school year, lengthening the school day by two hours to provide more in-class instruction（马萨诸塞州 的一所小学宣布了下一学年的无作 业试点计划，将每天的上课时间延长两个小时，以提供更多的课堂教学。）可知,A Massachusetts elementary school 指的是第二段后文中的 Kelly Elementary School,而该校 在新学年即将采取的措施是不给孩子们布置作业，把课余的时间留给家庭（announced a no-homework pilot program） o因此 A. Get rid of homework.（摆脱作业。）符合题意。故选 Ao5、答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据第四段 Coopers analysis focused on how homework impacts academic achievement-test scores, for example. The correlation was stronger for older studentsin seventh through 12th gradethan for those in younger grades（库珀的分析集中 在家庭作业如何影响学业成绩，例如考试成绩。七年级到十二年级的高年级学生比低年 级学生的相关性更强）可知,Cooper的研究发现,学生所在的年级越高，越能从做作业中获 益（提高成绩）。故选C。6、答案：C解析：观点态度题。根据倒数第二段的内容可知,Cooper认为二年级的学生不需要每晚 做两个小时的作业，但也不能不做作业。根据最后一段可知,Vatterott认为没有足够的证 据表明写作业对小学阶段的孩子有益。据此可推断，在Vatterott看来,Cooper对二年级的 学生做出的言论站不住脚，她对此持否定态度。第三段中的even education experts disagree about what's best for kids也是提示，第三段为过渡段，提示下文内容围绕"专家学 者就作业这件事产生的分歧"展开。A.Supportive.支持的;B.Ambiguous.模棱两可 的;C.CriticaL持相反意见的;D.CasuaL休闲的。故选C。7、答案：B解析：标题归纳题。文章以一所小学决定不再布置作业引出本文的主要内容:专家学者 对“做作业是否有益于孩子”仍有分歧。因此B.Is homework good for students?（作业对学 生有好处吗?）是本文的最佳标题。故选B。8、答案：A解析：词句猜测题。根据划线句下文 Planted in an adequately sunny spot and provided with water they thrive（茁壮成长）.However, put in unfortunate conditions, they have no choice but to wither（枯萎）and die.（种植在一个阳光充足的地方，并提供水，他们茁壮成 长。然而，在不幸的条件下,他们别无选择，只能枯萎死亡。）可知划线句However, they are the victims of circumstances字面意思是:植物是环境的受害者。言外之意是:植物的 生长受环境的影响非常之大，需要人类的精心照顾才能茁壮成长。因此A.Plants need great care to grow well.（植物需要精心照料才能长得好。）符合题意。故选A。9、答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据第三段 It was this question that Sun Tianqi, founder of a Chinese robotics firm Uncross, asked himself while watching a dead sunflower（这是中国机器人公司 Uncross的创始人孙天齐在观看一棵枯死的向日葵时问自己的问题）及第四段中的Hedecided then to build a robot（He decided then to build a robot）可知，一株失去生命的向日葵 让孙天齐萌生了发明一款可以"照顾"植物的机器人的想法。A.His environmental awareness.他的环保意识;B.His love for sunflowers他对向日葵的热爱;C.A broken flowerpot.一个破花盆;D.A dead flower.一朵枯萎的花。故选D。10、答案：B解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的 But what if plants could relocate to better places?（但 是如果植物可以迁移到更好的地方呢?）第三段中的"I thought if it could have taken a 30- foot walk out of the shadow to where the other sunflowers were, it would have lived healthily," he said.（"我想，如果它能走出阴影30英尺，走到其他向日葵所在的地方,它就会 健康地生活，”他说。）和第四段中的 He decided then to build a robot that would let plants do just that.（于是他决定制造一个机器人,让植物来做这件事。）及第五段中的The result is an impressive plant robot that can chase（追逐）the sun, hide for shelter, interact with humans when tapped and perform a funny dance to indicate it is thirsty.（结果是个令人印 象深刻的植物机器人，它可以追逐太阳，躲藏起来，当被点击时与人类互动,并表演有趣的 舞蹈以表明它渴了。）可知，孙天齐正是看到了植物不能随便移动的不良后果，才设计出 了一款机器人，帮助植物根据情况进行移动。答案选项中的move与原文中的relocate. walk> chase> hide相呼应。因此B.It enables plants to move.（帮助植物进行移动）符合题 意。故选B。11、答案：D解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段"Plants are passive. No matter if they are being cut, bitten, burned or pulled from the earth, or when they lack sunshine, water, or are too hot or cold, they will hold still and take whatever is happening to them," he said. "They have the fewest degrees of freedom among all the creatures in nature. This is simply the setting that nature gives to plants. I do hope that this project can bring some inspiration to the relationship between technology and unfavorable natural settings/1 concluded Tianqi.（"植物 是被动的。不管它们是被割伤、咬伤、烧伤还是被从地球上拽出来，或者当它们缺少阳 光、水、太热或太冷时、它们都会保持不动，接受发生在它们身上的任何事情，”他说。” 它们是自然界所有生物中自由度最少的。这只是大自然赋予植物的环境。我真的希望 这个项目能给技术和不利的自然环境之间的关系带来一些启发，”田琦总结道。）可知相 较于自然界中的其他生物,植物是被动的，大自然给植物设定的这一不能随意移动的属性 注定了植物的被动命运。而自己设计的机器人可以消除植物这些与生俱来的不利因 素。答案选项中的 natural disadvantages 是原文 unfavorable natural settings 的同义替换 表达。因此 D.Technology can remove natural disadvantages.（科技可以消除天生的劣势。）符合题意。故选D。12、答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的 For the study, the research team asked 369 university students to estimate the amount of fruit, vegetables, and sugary drinks their Facebook friends consumed on a daily basis（在这项研究中，研究小组让369名大学生估计他们的Facebook 好友每天摄入的水果、蔬菜和含糖饮料的量）可知，研究人员询问参与者他们对社交平台 上的朋友们的饮食习惯的印象。故选D。13、答案:C解析：推理判断题。根据第二、三段的内容可知，实验参与者会根据社交网站上朋友的 饮食选择来决定自己的食物选择 those who felt their online social circles napprovedn of eating junk food consumed significantly more themselves, those who thought their friends ate a healthy diet had more portions of fruit and vegetables（那些觉得自己的在线社交圈“认可” 吃垃圾食品的人自己的摄入量明显更高，而那些认为朋友饮食健康的人则会吃更多的水 果和蔬菜），也就是说，该研究表明，我们会模仿这些网络朋友的饮食习惯。故选Co 14、答案：B解析：词义猜测题。划线词上文与划线词所在句描述了两种截然不同的现象junk food、unhealthy snack foods and sugary drinks（垃圾食品,不健康的零食和含糖饮料）与a healthy diet> fruit and vegetables（健康的饮食，水果和蔬菜）形成对比，由此可推知，划线词 意为"相反地，反之"。A.Additionally另外,此外;B.Contrarily相反地，反之;C.Unexpectedly 出乎意料地，意外地;D.Consequently因此,结果。故选B。15、答案:B解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段Farrow的一席话With children and young people spending a huge amount of time interacting with influencers via social media, the important new findings from this study could help shape how we deliver interventions that help them adopt healthy eating habits from a young age, and stick with them for life（随着儿童和年轻 人花费大量时间通过社交媒体与有影响力的人互动,这项研究的重要新发现可能有助于 塑造我们如何进行干预，帮助他们从小养成健康的饮食习惯,并终身坚持）可知,他认为，青 少年会在社交平台上与那些网络红人进行很多互动，我们可以利用其这一特点，帮助他们 形成健康的饮食习惯。再联系第三段中的These habits could have developed from seeing friends1 posts about the food and drinks they consumed, or simply a general impression of their overall health（这些习惯可能是通过看到朋友们关于他们所吃的食物和饮料的帖子 而养成的，或者只是对他们整体健康状况的总体印象）可知，我们社交圈里的食物、饮料 的图片会影响我们的饮食习惯。由这些内容可推断,Farrow可能会建议那些网络红人多 发布健康食物的图片，以帮助青少年养成健康饮食的习惯。故选Bo16、答案：GEAFB解析：推理判断题。根据后文 Mirrors, hanging decorations or decorative plates can all be hung on the walls, too（镜子、挂饰或装饰板也可以挂在墙上），可知表示"记住艺术墙不 必非得局限于带框的画作"的选项G可以和下文构成例证关系,Mirrors, hanging decorations or decorative plates 和 don't have to be limited to framed prints 是关联词，故选 Go推理判断题。根据后半句 as this will save time later on when it comes to hanging each piece（因为这在后续挂画时会节约时间），可知表示"再次确认模板和钉子记号是准确的” 的选项E可以和下文构成因果关系,E项中的templates、nail与上文中的templates、nail 构成原词复现，故选E。推理判断题。根据后文 until you*re happy with the arrangement of the frames and the spacing in between them （直到你对框架的排列和它们之间的间距感到满意为止）,可知表 示”尝试不同的布局”的选项A可以引起下文，是按时间逻辑顺序发生的动作,layout和 arrangement是关联词，故选A。推理判断题。根据后文 hammer （敲）a nail into the centre of the X on each template（在 每个模板的X中心敲入一个钉子），可知表示“一旦你决定了你的艺术墙面的最终安排”的 选项F符合前后的条件与结果的关系，故选Fo推理判断题。根据后文Just take care to remember which one goes where（只要注意记住 哪一个去哪），可知表示“你现在可以挂上相框了”的选项B可以引起下文,B项中的frames 与设空处下一句中的which one构成照应;B项中的hang your frames与设空处上文中的 hammer a nail into the centre> remove the masking tape 及 tear away the paper 是按时间逻 辑顺序发生的动作。故选B。17、答案：A解析：考查动词短语及语境理解。A.given up放弃;B.shown off炫耀;C.picked out挑选 出;D.thought about思考,考虑。句意:我刚刚关上我律师办公室的门,放弃了 25年养家糊 口的这份工作。根据前文"closed my law office"可知，此处表示作者放弃了律师工作，故 选Ao18、答案:C解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.met遇到;B.understood理解;C.become成为;D.helped帮 助。句意:我回想起了我当律师的第一天。根据前文"thought back to the day Id first"以及 第一段作者离开了自己的律师工作可知，此处表示作者回想起当律师的第一天，故选Co 19、答案:C解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.careful小心的;B.confident有信心的;C.excited激动的, 兴奋的;D.worried担心的。句意:我一直热衷于律师行业。根据后文"My parents had been even more excited.”提示可知，此处应表示作者很激动，故选C。20、答案：D解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.satisfed使满意;B.promised承诺;C.saved节省，挽救;D.encouraged鼓励。句意:在律师这条路上，我的父母一直鼓励着我。根据前文"My parents had been even more excited. In their eyes, a lawyer was a profession.”可矢口是直鼓 励着作者，故选D。21、答案：A解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.sure确定的;B.proud骄傲的;C.afraid害怕的;D.angry 生气的。句意:这到底是他们的梦想还是我的梦想?我不再那么确定了。根据前文"My parents had been even more excited."和"Was it their dream or mine?”可矢口匕处表示作者不 再确定这到底是父母的梦想还是自己的梦想，故选Ao22、答案：B解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.tradition传统;B.time时间;C.responsibility责任;D.luck 运气。句意:是时候追寻自己的热爱了，我发现自己真正喜欢的是写作。根据前文"My parents had both passed, and my children had grown and moved away from home,”可知是作 者追寻梦想的时候了，故选B。23、答案：C解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.suggested建议;B.imagined想象;C.begun开始;D.admitted承认。句意:前几年，我开始将写小说，更多是当作一个爱好,而不是工作。根据后文"more as a hobby than as a job"可知，此处表示作者几年前就已经开始写小说了， 故选C。24、答案：A解析：考查动词及语境理解。A. wan ted想要;B. agreed同意;C.refused拒绝;D.regretted后 悔。句意:我写得越多，越想要以写作谋生。根据前文"more as a hobby than as a job"可知, 作者想要以写作谋生。故选A。25、答案：D解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.different不同的;B.hard-working努力的;C.open- minded思想开明的;D.successful成功的。句意:我也意识到了，想要成为一个成功的作家, 我必须鼓足干劲，全职写作。根据后文"I would have to write full-time, go all in."可知，此 处表示想要成为一个成功的作家,必须全职写作，故选D。26、答案：D解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.learned学习;B.continued继续;C.asked要求，问;D.decided决定。句意:自从我决定全职写作以来，已经三年了，我已经发表了十几本 书。根据前文"Then I quit（离开）my job, and set up a schedule to write full-time."可知，此处 表示我决定全职写作，故选D。27、答案：A解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.author作者;B.mom妈妈;C.student学生;D.lawyer律师。句意:我回答道'我是一个全职写作家”。根据前文"set up a schedule to write full- time"可知，此处表示作者回答自己的职业是作家、故选Ao28、答案:C解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.nervousness紧张;B.concem担心，担忧©.disbelief不相 信;D.fear害怕。句意:"真的吗?”，她满脸的不相信。根据前文"Really?”可知，此处表示她 满脸疑惑,不相信，故选Co29、答案：A解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.conversations对话;B.trips旅行;C.games游戏;D.friendships友谊。句意:在过去的几年里,类似的对话发生了好多次。根据前文一位 女士和作者的对话可知,此处表示类似的对话发生了好多次，故选A。30、答案：A解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.right正确的;B.honest诚实的;C.fair公平的;D.polite礼 貌的。句意:他们的确是对的，每一天做自己喜欢的事，这真的很酷。根据后文“It is cool that I am doing what I 15 every single day of my life."可知，止匕处表示他们是正确的，这 的确很酷，故选A。31、答案：D解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.accept接受;B.advise建议;C.remember记住;D.love喜欢, 爱。句意:他们的确是对的，每一天做自己喜欢的事，这真的很酷。根据前文"Itwasto follow my true passion（热爱），which I had discovered was writing."可知，作者每天都在做 自己喜欢的事情一写作，故选Do32、答案：awarenessbe obtainedthemorItexistswhichactivelyrecovering beneficial解析：考查名词。句意:它培养全球意识。该空位于形容词global后，要用名词。故填 awareness。考查被动语态。句意:学习不同的语言技能并不是唯一的可以获得好处。分析句子结 构可知,that can是定语从句，修饰先行词the only benefit,引导词that指代the onlybenefit,与谓语obtain是被动关系,含有情态动词的被动结构是“情态动词+be+过去分 词”。故填 be obtainedo考查代词。句意:通过了解他人，他们也能获得对他人有价值的见解。该空位于介词 about后，要用宾格代词作宾语。故填them。考查连词。句意:大多数学生或多或少都感觉自己是个局外人。at one time or another 是固定搭配,意思是“曾经，或多或少”。故填。r。考查形式主语。句意:由于学校的目标是帮助所有学生“融入”，因此在整个学习环境中 存在一种开放和接受的氛围是很重要的。分析句子可知，该句是句型It is+形容词+that 从句,It是形式主语,that引导主语从句，是真正的主语。故填Ito考查时态及主谓一致。句意:由于学校的目标是帮助所有学生“融入”，因此在整个学习 环境中存在一种开放和接受的氛围是很重要的。该空位于该句的主语从句部分,从句的 主语是an atmosphere,是第三人称单数，时态是一般现在时。故填existso考查定语从句的引导词。句意:例如，如果海洋学是一个感兴趣的话题，课程可能会看 到科学是如何对在这个问题上合作的国家产生积极影响的,以及他们是如何团结一致努 力做好事的。该空处部 cooperate on the issue是定语从句，先行词是countries,指物,从句缺主语。故填which。考查副词。句意:家长也可以积极参与班级项目，促进全球和文化的理解。根据该空后 动词短语contribute to”促进”可知，该空要使用所给词的副词形式来修饰该谓语动词。故 填 actively o考查现在分词。句意:例如，改善一个从地震中恢复的国家的生活条件。该空位于名词 a country后,作后置定语,recover与逻辑主语country是主谓关系，要用现在分词。故填 recovering o考查形容词。句意:与孩子的班级分享他们的想法会非常有益。分析句子结构可知，该 空所在句子是主系表结构,该空在系动词be后，是表语部分，前面是表程度的副词very,副 词修饰的是形容词。故填beneficial。33、答案：Dear fellow students,With many of us students engaged in our studies, some stay up late into night and ignore physical exercise. Therefore, I am appealing to us students to live an active and healthy life.For one thing, it's of vital importance to sleep as early as possible, which can make you energetic the whole day. Staying up late frequently makes it hard for you to focus on your class. For another, we are supposed to attach great importance to workout, which not only helps build up our body but also help us better adapt to the burden of study.Given all the above benefits, all of you are highly recommended to plan your study time properly and taking exercise regularly.Students5 Union 解析：本篇书面表达属于应用文。假如你是校学生会主席，你校很多同学熬夜学习， 而且忽视体育锻炼。请你代表学生会写一篇文章，呼吁同学们合理作息，健康生活。1 .词汇积累：参加 engage inattend to;集中 focus on-concentrate on;重要性 importance一significance;应该 be supposed to一should2,句式拓展合并简单句原句： With many of us students engaged in our studies, some stay up late into night and ignore physical exercise. Therefore, I am appealing to us students to live an active and healthy life.拓展句：I am appealing to us students to live an active and healthy life because many of us students stay up late into night and ignore physical exercise,高分句型 1 With many of us students engaged in our studies, some stay up late into night and ignore physical exercise.（运用 了 with 的复合结构）高分句型 2 For one thing, it's of vital importance to sleep as early as possible, which can make you energetic theFall Trips of 2012H! Stay in B&Bs, hotels, or campsites while riding through this incredible part of the country.Time: 5-7 daysDistance: 300 milesAdults: $189Must be at least 16 years old to participate.1 > Which place will the ride to Mount Vernon pass?A. Belleview Park.B. The Tidal Basin.C. The Lincoln Memorial.D. The U.S. Capitol2、How much would the evening tour cost a father and his 16-year-old son?A. $80.B. $88.C. $98.D. $189.3、Which tour is highlyA. The 4-mile tour.B. The 9-mile tour.C. The 18-mile tour.D. The 300-mile tour.For decades, the homework standard has been a H10-minute rule/ which recommends a daily maximum of 10 minutes of homework per grade level.But some school