2022年天津市高三第一次模拟英语试题(含详解).docx

天津市耀华中学2022届高三第一次校模拟考试英语试卷本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第n卷（非选择题）两部分，共130分，考试时间io。分钟，第I卷1页至8页，第n卷9页至10页。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考号填写在答题卡上。答卷时，考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡上，答在试卷上的无效。第I卷第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1. Learningalanguageisn'teasy.Ittakestime.Iagree.There'snoshortcut.A.StrikewhiletheironishotB.AllroadsleadtoRomeC.Wherethereisawill,thereisawayD.Romewasn'tbuiltinaday2. Father'slovingandselflessnaturehasinspiredmetobecomemoresympatheticand,puttingothersfirst.A.cautiousB.courageousC.considerateD.humorous3. WhenErinfoundalostwalletonthebus,shethatgoingtoastranger'shousetoreturnitwasariskymove,butshedecidedtotakethechance.A.disagreedB.complainedC.calculatedD.recommended4. therehasbeenrealprogressinthee-planeindustry,thetechnicalchallengesthatremainarekeepingeveryone'sfeetfirmlyontheground.A.WhileB.AslongasC.SinceD.Incase5. Whatdoyouthinkofyourjourneytotheseasidetown?-Everythingisveryfantastic,especiallyitsfreshair,whichispleasant.A.breathedB.beingbreathedC.tobebreathedD.tobreathe6. Dad,youshouldhavetakenmetothefootballmatchthismorning.一Ihadintendedto,butIareportandcouldn'tspareanytime.A.hadwrittenB.wroteC.waswritingD.wouldwrite7. Thewomanfeltratherfrustratedbecausehercomplaintwasasofnoimportance.A.putawayB.turneddownC.setasideD.takenoff8. AngelareasonedwithSimon,tryingtopersuadehimtochangehismind,butSimonnotlistentoher.A.canB.wouldC.mustD.should9. Mysuccesshastaughtmeonething:littlestepsbigdreams.A.adduptoB.catchupwithC.throwlightonD.givebirthto10. Tomakeextra-classeducationrunontherighttrack,Chinaistighteningofafter-schooltraininginstitutions.A.applicationB.regulationC.adaptationD.cooperation11. 一Whydidn'tyoucomebacklastnight?Iwaitedallthenight!-.Youwereplayinggamesthewholenight.A.Don'tgivemethatB.Don'tloseyourheartC.Don'ttrusttofortuneD.Don'tdreamawayyourtime12. Sincemanyformerdrugabusershavepsychologicalproblems,theyoftenneedsupportgroupstheycantalkabouttheirstrugglesandfindnewwaystomanageintheworld.A.whichB.whoC.whereD.when13. Happinessisn'taboutwhathappenstous;it'saboutweseethethingsthathappentous.A.whatB.howC.thatD.why14. toraiseherthreedaughters,mymotherretiredfromherjobandmovedtothecountrysidetoenjoytherestofherlife.A.StrugglingB.HavingstruggledC.TostruggleD.Struggled15. 一Whatdoyouthinkofmylecture?I'malwaysnervouswheneverIhavetospeakinpublic.-Anyway,youitoffquitewell.A.carriedB.wouldcarryC.hadcarriedD.havecarried第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1635各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。EbraFerrellgotthestandardwellwishesonsocialmediaonher53rdbirthday.Meanwhile,shegotsome16messagestoo.Onewasaboutafamilywhohadjust17theirfour-year-oldsonduetocancer.Hisolderbrotherwasespecially18.CouldFerrellhelp?That19andthe30otherslikeitwereexactlywhatFerrellwaslookingfor.Tocelebrateher53rd,Ferrellhadputouta（n）20onsocialmedia.Shewantedto2153randomactsofkindnessbytheendofherbirthmonth,andsheneeded22onpeoplewhocoulduseone.Whenshegotthenoteaboutthefamily,shesentawindchime（风铃）withthewords“ListentothewindandknowthatIamnear"23onit.Itnow24inthefour-year-old'sbedroom,wherehisbrothercangotolistentoitwheneverhewants.ThisisnotthefirsttimethatFerrellhasdecidedtogive25forherbirthday.Forher47th,she26LovewithSkinOn,anorganizationdevotedtodoinggooddeedsinhertownand27.Itsmottoissimple:BeLove,DoStuff.Overtheyears,Ferrellhas28andtouchedwellover100strangers,somefoundviasocialmediacallouts,otherswith29fromhergrandkids.Ferrell30everythingherself:giftcards,pay-it-fbrwardpurchases,andcarepackages,aswellasthegasit31toplayfairygodmother（仙女玩具）.Herfamilyoftengivessome32birthdaycashtoherwiththeir33nottospenditonanyoneelse,whichshe34ignores.t4IgotacoupleofAmazongiftcardsfbrmybirthdaythisyear,and'YESSS!'"It'sFerrelFsparty,andshe'll35ifshewantsto.16.A.mysteriousB.unusualC.amazingD.embarrassing17.A.lostB.missedC.curedD.ignored18.A.eye-openingB.breathtakingC.heartbrokenD.absent-minded19.A.messageB.boyC.diseaseD.victim20.A.ruleB.callC.apologyD.reply21.A.offerB.countC.requestD.gather22.A.agreementB.commentC.restrictionD.information23.A.inventedB.carvedC.shapedD.painted24.A.hidesB.liesC.hangsD.runs25.A.treatmentsB.instructionsC.presentsD.ceremonies26.A.foundedB.visitedC.investigatedD.thanked27.A.upwardB.aboveC.beneathD.beyond28.A.settledinB.movedonC.sloweddownD.reachedout29.A.pensionB.helpC.accountD.insurance30.A.makesupB.showsoffC.paysforD.caresabout31.A.sellsB.takesC.generatesD.purchases32.A.extraB.preciousC.idealD.rare33.A.promiseB.commandC.alarmD.decision34. A. accidentally35. A. behaveB. fortunatelyB. giveC. hopefullyC. agreeD. naturallyD. obey第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AGiventhatOctoberisMentalHealthMonth,howcanwemanageourmentalhealthandboostourmoodasoursecondyearwiththeCOVID-19pandemicdrawstoaclose?AccordingtoDrAndrewThompson,aregistereddoctoratInstantscripts,evensomesmall,15-minuteactscanplayahugeroleinimprovingyourmentalwell-beingatatimelikethis.1. ReachouttoasupportnetworkThisnetworkcanbemadeupoffriends,family,mentalhealthprofessionalsanyoneyoutrustwhocanhelpsupportyouduringthistime.Taking15minutesoutofyourdayforaquickphonecalltoafriendcanreallyboostyourmoodandhelpreducethosefeelingsofisolationforawhile.Trysettingupapicnicwithfriendstoenjoysomesocialtimewiththeaddedbonusofgettingoutside.2. Setupadailyschedule/routineIt'seasytogetgluedtoyourworkcomputerduringtheday,andstayupallhoursofthenightstreamingmoviesandTVduringlockdown（封控）.Butallofthatleadstoyougettinglesssleepandthatcancontributetopoormentalhealth.Insteadofaccidentallyoverscheduling,take15minutestoestablishaclearroutineeachdaythatallowsforplentyofdowntimeandrest.Thatmeansswitchingoffyourlaptopwheneveryoufinishwork,andprioritizingyoursleepeverynight.TrysettingupaGoogleCalendartomakekeepingtrackofyourdayeasier.3. TakeadvantageoftelehealthservicesOneofthebigbenefitsofthepandemicisthatmanysupportservicesarenowaccessibleremotely,meaningyoucangethelpwithouthavingtoleavehome.Spendingjust15minutestalkingthroughyourmentalhealthconcernswithaprofessionalcandoyouaworldofgoodandgetyoustartedonthepathtobettermentalwell-being.TryreachingouttoservicessuchasBeyondBlue（1300224436）,whichoffer24/7counseling（咨询）andsupport.4. Getactivefor15minutesItcanbesoeasytogiveuponexercisewhenyou'restrugglingmentally,butstudieshaveshownthatmovingyourbodyreallycanimproveyourmood.Settingaside15minuteseverydayforexercisethatyouactuallyenjoywhetherit'sawalk,yoga,oraYouTubeworkoutvideocangiveyoualittlehitofpositiveendorphins（安多芬）.Tryinvestinginasmartwatch,likeaFitBitInspire2,whichkeepsyoumotivated,tracksyouractivityandremindsyoutokeepmovingviaitsfitnessapplications.36. WhatdoesDrThompsonadvisedoingtoreducethefeelingofisolationduringthelockdown?A. WatchingTVandmovies.B. Exercising15minuteseachday.C. Stayingincontactwithyourfriends.D. Keepingtrackofyourdaytostaymotivated.37. Whatisthepurposeofcreatingadailyschedule?A. Toavoidoverscheduling.B. Tobecomemoreproductive.C. lbmaketimetoentertainyourself.D. Toensuretheamountofsleepandrest.38. Ifyouhavetroublekeepingexercisingeveryday,itisagoodideato.A. reachouttoasupportnetworkB. prioritizeyoursleepeverynightCtalkthroughyourconcernwithaprofessionalD.purchaseahigh-techdevicewithfitnessapps39. Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthearticle?A. Waystoseeksupportinpandemic.B. Four15-minuteactstoliftyourmood.C. HowtocelebrateMentalHealthMonth.DHowtostaypositiveduringthelockdown.BJustlikehisparentsandgrandparentsbeforehim,AlaskateenagerCarlSmithlivesofftheland,whetherit'scatchingsalmon侬鱼）fordinnerorcollectingwoodtokeepwarminwinter.ButtheclimateemergencyisthreateningthewayCarlandhisYupikEskimofamilymembershavelivedforgenerations,prompting（促使）theteenagertostepintoaroleheneverimaginedhe'dhave:thatofclimateactivist.“IwantedtogetthewordoutJCarl,18,tellsPeoplefbrtheEarthDayspecial."Nobodyreallyknowswhat'shappeningouthereinruralAlaska.”ForCarl,homeisAkiak,asmallvillageofabout400peoplewhorelyontheKuskokwimRiverfbrsalmoninthesummer,andgeeseandmoose（驼鹿）huntinginthespringandfalltokeeptheirstomachsfed.Butasglobaltemperaturesrise,Alaska'swintersaregettingshorter,andthepermafrost（永冻土层）nearAkiakismelting,causinglargewavesintheriverthathavebeeneroding（侵蚀）theshorelineastheycrash;Carlestimatesthey'vesofarlostabout100feetofland.Carl'sconcernsreceivednationalattentionin2019,whenheand15otherteenagersfiledalandmarkcomplaintwiththeUnitedNationsCommitteeontheRightsoftheChild,chargingfivecountrieswithviolatingtheirrightsaschildrenbynotdoingenoughtoendtheclimatecrisisandthethreatitposestotheirfutures.ThecomplaintwasspearheadedbyattorneyMichaelHausfeld,whosaysCarlstoodoutbecauseclimatechangeisdirectlyaffectinghislift."He'sexperiencingitfirsthand.Heiswatchinghislifeslowlydiminish（缩、）anddisappear,MHausfeldtellsPeople."Carlcouldbecomeaniconfbrtheconceptofintergenerationalequity（公正）,whichisanobligationofstatestosecurealivingplanetfbrthenextgenerations.CarltraveledtoNewYorkfortheHumanRightsDaySummit,wherehemetfellowactivistslikeGretaThunbergandAlexandriaVillasenor,whoarealsopartofthecomplaint.“WhenIheardthestoriesfrompeoplearoundtheworld,IfeltlikeIwaswiththem,hesays."We'reexperiencingdifferentthings,butinaway,it'sallthesame.1justfeltconnectedtotheminsomeway.”"I'mgoingtokeeptellingeveryonethatclimate'scoining,climate'schanging,andit'shappeningeverywhereintheworld,“hesays."Ifwedon'tdoanythingaboutit,wewon'thaveahometolivein.Ijusthopeeveryonelistens.40. Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“getthewordout“inparagraph3probablymean?A. Letpeopleknowaboutsomething.B. Conductresearchonsomething.C. Stopsomethingfromhappening.D. Gooutfbranadventure.41. Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothispassage?A. Fivecountriesignoredtheclimatecrisis.B. TheEskimoslivedonwhatnaturegavethem.C. TheEskimos*overuseofnaturalresourcescauseddamages.D. Somecountrieswerechargedwithviolatinginternationalobligations.42. What'sthemajorproblemthatAkiakisfacing?A. Thepopulationisdecreasing.B. Somespeciesaregoingextinct.C. Moreandmorelandisbeinglost.D. Forestsarebeingdestroyed.43. WhatisHausfeld'sattitudetowardCarl'sactions?ADoubtful.B.Critical.C.Supportive.D.Worried.44. WhydidCarlfilethecomplaint?A. Tocallattentiontotheclimatecrisis.B. lbprotectchildrenfromviolence.C. lbvoicesupportforEskimochildren.D. Toraisemoneyforhishometown.E. .WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesCarl?A.Optimistic.B.Generous.C.Modest.D.Responsible.CIfshardtoturndownhamburgers,Frenchfries,potatochipsandalloftheotherjunkfoodthatseemtocallouttous.However,eatingtoomuchjunkfoodcanharmyourbody,particularlyifyou'rebetweentheagesof10and19.“Junkfoodshapesadolescentbrainsinwaysthatimpair（损害）iheirabilitytothink,learnandremember.Itcanalsomakeithardertocontrolimpulsive（冲动的）behaviors,saidAmyReichelt,abrainandnutritionspecialistatWesternUniversity,Canada."Itmayevenincreaseateen'sriskofdepressionandanxiety.Reicheltandtwootherresearchersreviewedmorethan100studies,includingtheirown,abouthowpoorfoodchoicescanimpactadolescentbrains.Theyfoundadolescentsaremoresensitivethananyotheragegrouptoprocessedfoodswithalotoffatandsugarastheirbrainsarenotyetfullyformed.Adolescentbrainsarestilldevelopingtheabilitytoassessrisksandcontrolactions.Theprefrontalcortex（前额皮质）isthepartofthebrainthattellsusweshouldn'teatchipsallthetimeandhelpsusresistthaturge.However,thisregionisthelasttomatureitdoesn'tfullydevelopuntilweareinourearly20s.Meanwhile,teenbrainsgetmorebuzz（兴奋）fromrewards.Thepartsofthebrainthatmakeusfeelgoodwhenwedosomethingpleasurablelikeeatingtastyfoodsarefullydevelopedbytheteenyears.Infact,theseregionsareevenmoresensitivewhenweareyoung.That'sbecausedopamine（多巴胺），anaturalchemicalthatliftsourmoodwhenweexperiencesomethinggood,isespeciallyactiveinadolescentbrains.Therefore,theteenbrainhastwostrikesagainstitwhenitcomestoresistingjunkfood.fcfcIthasaheighteneddriveforrewardsandreducedself-regulation,saidReichelt.Reicheltandherteamconductedtheirownstudyusingmice,whosebrainsdevelopmuchlikeourown.Theydiscoveredthatthe"teenage“micethathadahigh-fatdietperformedworseonmemoryteststhanthoseeatinganormaldiet.Researcherssaidthehigh-fatdietmaymakethemice'sprefrontalcortexworklesseffectively.So,what'sthebestwaytosaynotojunkfood?Researcherssuggestexercise.Whenweexercise,thebrain'srewardsystembecomeslesssensitivetofoodcues（线索）.Exercisealsotriggersthebodytomakeaproteinthathelpsbraincellsgrowandboostsconnectionsbetweentheprefrontalcortexandotherbrainregions.Theprefrontalcortexthuscanworkbettertohelpusmakewisedecisionsandcontrolourimpulses.F. .Whatisthepurposeofthefirsttwoparagraphs?A. Tofigureoutwhatjunkfoodis.B. lbexplainthedangersofjunkfood.C. lbshowhowjunkfoodaffectthebrain.D. Toanalyzewhyjunkfoodishardtoresist.47Whatmakesitharderforyoungpeopletoresistjunkfoodaccordingtothestudy?A. Processedfoodmakesthemsensitive.B. Itishardtocontrolimpulsivebehaviors.C. Theirstill-developingprefrontalcortex.D. Thelowlevelofdopamineintheirbrains.48. Whatdidthestudyonmiceprove?A. Ourmoodcouldsufferfromeatingjunkfood.B. High-fatdietsmaynegativelyaffectourcreativity.C. Thebrainofamouseissimilartothatofaperson's.D. High-fatdietscanharmourabilitytoprocessinformation.49. Howdoesexercisehelpusaccordingtothelastparagraph?A. Itreducesthedesireforjunkfood.B. Itactivatesthebrain'srewardsystem.C. Ithelpstheprefrontalcortexworkbetterwithdopamine.D. Itmakesthebodyproduceaproteinthatcontrolsourimpulses.50. Whatcolumnofthenewspaperisthearticleprobablytakenfrom?A. Fashion.B. Technology.C. Health.D. Entertainment.DSmartphonesareourconstantcompanions.Formanyofus,theirglowingscreensareaubiquitous（十分普遍的）presence,drawingusinwithendlessdistractions.Theyareinourhandsassoonaswewake,andcommandourattentionuntilthefinalmomentsbeforewefallasleep.SteveJobswouldnotapprove.In2007,JobstookthestageandintroducedtheworldtotheiPhone.Ifyouwatchthefullspeech,youwillbesurprisedbyhowheimaginedourrelationshipshouldbewiththisiconic（标志性的）invention.Thisvisionissodifferentfromthewaymostofususethesedevicesnow.Inhisremarks,Jobsspentanextendedamountoftimedemonstratinghowuserscouldutilize（应用）itstouchscreenbeforedetailingthemanywaysAppleengineershadimprovedtheage-oldprocessofmakingphonecalls.“It'sthebestiPodwe'veevermadeJJobsexclaimedatonepoint."Thekillerappismakingcalls/'helateradded.Bothlinesdrewthunderousapplause.ThepresentationconfirmsthatJobsimaginedasimpleriPhoneexperiencethantheoneweactuallyhavemorethanadecadelater.Forexample,therewasnoAppStorewhentheiPhonewasfirstintroduced,andthiswasbydesign.Jobswasconvincedthatthephone'scarefully-designednativefeatureswereenough.Hedidnotseektocompletelychangetherhythmofusers'dailylives.Hesimplywantedtotakeexperienceswehadalreadyfoundimpo