2022杭州英语中考试卷（含答案解析）.pdf

2022年杭州初中学业水平考试满分:120分 考试时间:100分钟第I卷第一部分 听力（共两节，满 分30分）（略）第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满 分40分）第一节（共 15小题,每小题2 分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中选出最佳选项。A（2022浙江杭州,A）A blog by Sascha Marr,aged 14My hobby is making shoes.iZve always liked designing things.I remember drawing clothes and shoes when Iwas eight,and I made my first skirt aged nine.At eleven,I started making shoes,and I now spend my free time doingthat.I became interested in making shoes when my cousin told me about an online shoe-making course that he was doing.I immediately wanted to do one too.Mum booked（为.预约）me on a four-day course at the I Can Make Shoesschool in London to see if I liked it,and then I did a ten-day course there in the summer holidays.I loved the courses.On the longer one,I made four pairs of shoes!I couldnnt believe it.The teachers wereexcellent.That Js what was best about the classes.They made us work really hard but they wanted all their studentsto have fun,too.ILJve made about 15 pairs of shoes now.At the moment ILJm making a pair of training shoes using an old pairof jeans,but I ve used all kinds of different things before,from old leather（皮革）handbags to old cotton dresses!Making shoes has changed my plans for the future.I know now that I want to be a designer,but not a shoedesigner.IDve decided ID11 do home design.IDve designed lots of shoes and also some clothes,so IDd like to trysomething new.1 .What did Sascha begin to make at the age of 11?A.Skirts.B.Shoes.C.Jeans.D.Dresses.2.What does the underlined word“They”in Paragraph 3 refer to?A.The courses.B.The teachers.C.The classes.D.The students.3.What does Sascha plan to be in the future?A.A shoe designer.B.A handbag designer.C.A dress designer.D.A home designer.B（2022浙江杭州,B）What did people do to communicate in ancient times?Here are some very interesting answers to this question.Alphoms（阿尔卑斯长号角）were once used to communicate in the mountains in Switzerland.They are verylong and they are very heavy,too.So,alphorns are hard work to blow.Then why use them?Well,they make a loudsound which travels much further than the human voice.Herdsmen（牧民）used them to call cows in the distance formilking.At sunset,alphorns were also used to send a message down to villagers that all was well.These days,they Oremostly used as musical instruments.The people of La Gomera,an island in Europe,have their own special way of sending messages from mountainto mountain.They use a whistled（口 哨的）language called el silbo,which comes from their language Spanish.Whistling can be heard within five kilometers,which means it can be used across much greater distances thanshouting.El silbo can be used for all kinds of messages,including greetings and announcements.El silbo is used alot less than it used to be,but primary school students in La Gomera have to learn it.Did you know it s also possible to send messages without making a noise?This is called visual communication,and it includes the use of flags and even smoke.Long ago,soldiers along the Great Wall of China used smoke as awarning.If they noticed the enemy from their signal（信号）tower,they lit a smoky fire.When soldiers in other towerssaw the smoke signal,they lit fires too.In this way,messages about the enemy Os arrival could travel as far as 800km in just a few hours.1 .What are alphorns mostly used for today?A.Communicating in the mountains.B.Calling cows for milking.C.Sending messages down to villagers.D.Playing a kind of music.2.Why do the people of La Gomera use el silbo to communicate?A.Because it can send messages to animals.B.Because it is different from their language.C.Because it can be heard at a great distance.D.Because it is a subject for young students.3.How did soldiers along the Great Wall get warning messages between towers?A.By listening.B.By whistling.C.By shouting.D.By watching.4.Which of the following best shows the structure of the text?（P=Paragraph）P3D.C（2022浙江杭州,C）Can anyone be an astronaut?Of course not.You donDt have to have a science degree but most astronauts do.Most of them are pilots too.Life ina spaceship is hard so you must have a healthy body and mind.You need to be easy-going,patient,and helpful tospend so much time in a small space with other people.What Us the training like?People have to train for a year to learn how to stay healthy and safe.They practise space walking and living in zerogravity（重力）.They train in difficult conditions to learn how to solve problems and to work in a team.Everydaytasks like eating,washing and sleeping can be difficult on a spaceship.There is no running water so you have to washwith wet tissues;itLs hard to enjoy the dry food that astronauts have to eat.And to sleep you must cover your eyesbecause the sun rises every 90 minutes on the International Space Station.You also have to tie yourself to somethingso you don t fly away!What health problems do astronauts have?Life in zero gravity causes changes to our bodies.Bones and muscles（肌肉）become thin and weak so you must do alot of exercise in space to stay fit and to help the heart move blood around your body.Astronauts often get backachebecause you grow in space-up to 8 centimeters!ItUs also common to have headaches and to feel sick,especially atthe beginning.You must have vitamins to take the place of fresh fruit and vegetables.But you donZlt have to put onsun cream because space suits protect your skin（皮肤）.Are you still interested?So now you know.If you want to go to space,study hard,leam to fly and take care of your body and mind.l.What is a must for an astronaut?A.A science degree.B.A pilotDs license.C.A healthy body and mind.D.A weak character.2.What must you do to prepare for a space trip?A.Experience zero gravity.B.Wash with running water.C.Practise long walks.D.Sleep with your eyes open.3.Why do astronauts have to exercise in space?A.To make their bones and muscles thinner.B.To help the heart work well and keep fit.C.To avoid backache and grow much taller.D.To stop their skin from getting sunburned.4.What is the text mainly about?A.What we need to know to become an astronaut.B.Why young people are interested in space trips.C.What problems astronauts must solve in space.D.Why we need to train hard before a space trip.D（2022浙江杭州,D）There are many different ways to solve a problem.One way is to be creative.People often think creative thinkingis just for artists and designers,but this is not true.Dr.Edward de Bono,an expert in creative thinking and problemsolving,has shown the world that using creativity to solve problems is very useful in business and in our communities,and will continue to be so in the future.One example of creative thinking is the solution to a parking problem in a town center.In the areas close tostores,people can only park for 20 minutes.There are parking meters where people pay to park in these areas.However,the problem is that many people leave their cars there for longer than 20 minutes.Dr.Edward de BonoDssolution is to make a rule that all cars parked in these areas must keep their headlights on.Of course,drivers willwant to return to their cars before their car batteries（蓄 电池）die.According to Dr.de Bono,people will need to use creative thinking more often in the future.To help peoplethink more creatively,he designed the“Six Thinking Hats system（系统）.The system helps people think about aproblem in different ways in order to find a solution.In the system,there are six imaginary hats of different colors.Each hat symbolizes a different way of thinking.For example,the white hat helps people consider the facts.Theblack hat is the most logical（有逻辑的）and helps people consider why a possible solution may not work.So,nexttime you have a problem in your community,think about it creatively,from different perspectives,and see what ideasyou have.l.What is the topic of the text?A.Being a creative artist in the community.B.Doing business successfully in the future.C.Asking experts for some useful advice.D.Using creative thinking to solve problems.2.Why is the example mentioned in Paragraph 2?A.To express a result.B.To describe a problem.C.To support the topic.D.To list some numbers.3.What does the underlined word perspectives”in Paragraph 3 mean?A.Ways.B.Places.C.People.D.Rules.4.Which of the following is true about the Six Thinking Hats system?A.The system is used to help people think quickly.B.The white hat helps people think about the facts.C.The black hat has to do with peopleGs feelings.D.Six hats of different shapes can be very helpful.第二节（共 5 小题,每小题2 分，满 分 10分）下面文章中有五处（第 313 5 题）需要添加小标题。请从以下选项（A、B、C、D、E 和 F）中选出符合意思的标题。选项中有一项是多余选项。（2022浙江杭州）Taking stress out of examsPre-exam stress is one of the biggest problems in students lives.It makes you feel bad and stops you fromthinking clearly.So here are some tips to help you lower the stress of exams.The best way to deal with exam stress is to have a good study plan.Decide which subjects to study every dayand how much time to spend on each one.And don t wait until the last minute to study everything.2When we don t understand something,we feel stressed.ItUs normal.But donDt worry about it,do somethingabout it!Ask your teacher for help.You may find it hard to believe but all teachers want their students to do well inexams.3Your body needs exercise for your brain to work better.So don L t study all the time.It can just make you morestressed.Do some sport,go to the gym or just go for a walk but get up and move!4It3s important for your brain to rest so try to get eight hours sleep every night.Eat a healthy diet and avoiddrinks with caffeine that can stop you from sleeping well.5Finally,if you have followed all this advice and you still feel stressed,then don Jt keep it a secret.Talk tosomeone,your mum or your dad,a friend or a teacher and tell them how you feel.We all need help sometimes.A.Eat and sleep wellB.Make it interestingC.Don Jt be afraid to askD.Healthy body,healthy brainE.Be organized and start earlyF.DonDt keep your stress to yourself第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满 分 25分）第一节 完形填空（共 15小题,每小题1 分，满 分 15分）（2022浙江杭州）通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中选出一个最佳选项。Derek Rabelo was born in Brazil in 1992.His father called him Derek after a famous star,Derek Ho.Derek s father wanted Derek to become a surfer,too,but there was a 2:unluckily,Derek was born 3.Hisfather Os dream to see his son surf seemed 4!When Derek was 17,his father told him about his 5.From that moment,Derek tried his best to become asurfer.6 went to the beach every day and started taking surfing 7 with a coach.Derek kept trying and8_,he learned to surf!Derek explains that 9 he canDt see,he understands the noises that the waves make and he can 10them when they are coming.He says every part of a wave makes a different noise,11 he knows which directionto surf in.In 2012,he flew to Hawaii to surf one of the most challenging and dangerous 12 in the world.Localsurfers were very 13 to see the confident young man surf the huge wave with no problem 14.A film producer decided to make a film about him.Beyond Sight tells Derek s inspirational story and teachesus that nothing is impossible if you 15 yourself!l.A.swimmingB.surf mgC.filmD.pop2.A.problemB.ruleC.promiseD.plan3.A.poorB.weakC.deafD.blind4.A.necessaryB.realC.impossibleD.proper5.A.storyB.ad viceC.truthD.dream6.A.TheyB.WeC.HeD.She7.A.matchesB.lessonsC.photosD.exams8.A.insteadB.usuallyC.stillD.finaily9.A.althoughB.unlessC.whenD.beforelO.A.seeB.touchC.hearD.taste1 l.A.orB.so C.butD.for12.A.wavesB.beachesC.islandsD.sports13.A.sorryB.worriedC.scared D.surprised14.A.after allB.at allC.at the same timeD.from time to time15.A.deal withC.believe inB.depend onD.look after第n卷第三部分 英 语知识运用（共两节，满分25分）第二节（共 10小题,每小题1 分，满 分 10分）（2022浙江杭州）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Old new medicinesWhat should you do if you have a headache?In modern times,people often take aspirin（阿司匹林）.But isaspirin 1 （actual）a modern medicine?More than 4,000 years ago,ancient Egyptians used dried leaves to treat pain.And in the fourth century B.C.,amedicine made from tree bark（树皮）2（use）to treat fevers.In the nineteenth century,European scientistsdiscovered that both medicines have the same chemical（化学物质）.They used the chemical to make a modemmedicine-aspirin.Today,itDs one of the worldDs 3（cheap）and most helpful medicines.Some of the medicines we have today come 4 traditional Chinese medicine.In the third century B.C.,some people 5（begin）studying the human body.They tried many different ways to treat the patients andrecorded 6（they）results.For more than 2,000 years,doctors recorded 7 they found in books.Theseancient books are still useful today.Tu Youyou,a Chinese medical researcher,found that in 8 past,peopleused a herb with yellow flowers to treat fevers.After studying it,she developed a medicine that saved millions ofpeople from dying.For 9（century）,Western medicine paid little attention to traditional Chinese medicine.But today,scientistsare studying traditional treatments 10（develop）new medicines.第四部分 写作（共两节，满分25分）第一节 单词拼写（共 1 0 小题,每小题1 分，满 分 10分）（2022浙江杭州）根据下列句子及所给的首字母,写出各单词的正确、完全形式（每空限填一词）。l.Jim will be on summer vacation in June and J.2.B is the color of the sky on a sunny day.3.1 love China and I am g of being Chinese.4.Lisa,donDt talk with your m full!ItDs bad manners.5.My deskmate c the school bus this morning,but I missed it and was late for school.6.Families often get together and admire the full m on the Mid-Autumn night.7.After finishing university,Tom came to China.Three years 1,he was able to speak good Chinese.8.Doing chores helps to develop childrenIJs independence and teaches them how to look after t.9.Although the heavy rain b many things apart,it brought families and neighbors closer together.10.Will you please help me to carry this box?With g I Um more than happy to do it.第二节 书面表达（共 1 小题，满 分 15分）（2022浙江杭州）假定你是李平，请阅读以下邮件并回复。词 数 8 0 左右，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Hi there,Li Ping!My nameDs Jack and 10m going to be at your school for the exchange visit next month.I Dm really excited about it!Well,why am I writing right now?For one thing,I really want to know something about the interesting activitiesat your school,so could you introduce one of them?Also,I am interested in Chinese culture.So what do you suggestI do after school?Take care and hope to hear from you soon.JackDear Jack,Li Ping2022年杭州初中学业水平考试A语篇解读本文是一篇博客,讲述了 14岁 博 主Sascha Marr做鞋子这一爱好形成的原因、经过以及做鞋子对博主本人的影响。主题语境属于“人与自我”主题范畴中“生活与学习”这一主题群，涉及子主题“积极的学习体验，恰当的学习方法与策略，勤学善思1.B 细节理解题。由第一段中的最后一句At elevenstarted making shoes可知，博 主Sascha在11岁的时候开始做鞋。因 此 答 案 选B。2.B 代词指代题。由 画线词后的but they wanted all their studenls to have fun可知,They指“老师,故答案选B3.D细节理解题。由第五段的第二、三句可知,Sascha想要成为一名家居设计师，因 此 答 案 选D。B语篇解读本文是说明文，介绍了人们在远古时代是怎么交流的。主题语境属于“人与社会主题范畴中“科学与技术”这一主题群，涉及子主题“科学技术与工程，人类发明与创新1.D细节理解题。由第二段的最后一句可知，现如今阿尔卑斯长号角被用作乐器。因 此 答 案 选D。2.C细节理解题。由第三段的第三句可知，使用口哨语交流的原因在于口哨声在五千米以内都能被听到，因此 答 案 选C。3.D细节理解题。由第四段的第四、五句可知,如果烽火台里的士兵们注意到敌人，他们会点燃烽火。当其他烽火台里的士兵看见狼烟,他们也会点燃烽火。他们是通过看的方式获取警示信息的，因 此 答 案 选D。4.A篇章结构题。第一段提出人们在古代是怎么交流的这一问题。第 二、三和四段分别介绍了古代人们的不 同交流方式。由此可见,第二、三和四段是并列结构，因 此 答 案 选A。C语篇解读本文是说明文，以问答的方式介绍了成为宇航员的条件，宇航员的训练及其健康