2023届广东省茂名市高三第一次综合测试英语试题（含答案解析）.pdf

2023届广东省茂名市高三第一次综合测试英语试题学校:姓名：班级：考号：一、阅读理解Here are some of the prettiest small towns across Europe,from humble fishing towns tohilltop medieval power bases.Giethoorn,NetherlandsThey call it the Dutch answer to Venice,but Giethoom lacks one crucial thing that theItalian city has in spades:over tourism.As in Venice,life revolves around the water,here-there are no cars in the center so the only way to get around is on foot or on the water.Roscoff,FrancePort towns can be rather dirty.Not lovely little Roscoff,though,in Frances Brittanyregion,which built its fortune on maritime trade.Today,ifs a center of thalassotherapy,usingseawater to treat medical conditions,as well as a beautiful Breton town.Tiny fishing boatsrest in the small harbor-with a larger one,where ferries leave fbr Plymouth in the UK,furtherout.Dinkelsbuhl,GermanyA cute historic center,wooden houses and large towers Dinkelsbuhl has it all.Wrapped by medieval walls with a vast Gothic church,St Georges Minster,it was the settingfbr Werner Herzogs film“The Enigma of Kaspar Hauser.Clovelly,UKDonkeys used to be the only way to get up and down the steep streets of Clovelly,apretty fishing village in Devon,southwest England.Today,they still havent managed to bring cars in it sits at the bottom of a 400-fbotcliff（悬崖）.Instead,goods are transported by man-powered sledges（雪橇）and if touristscant face the walk back up to the car park,they can grab a ride in a Land Rover instead.1.Where should visitors go if they want to receive a health treatment?3.What is the purpose of the text?A.Giethoom.B.Roscoff.C.Dinkelsbuhl.D.Clovelly.2.What can visitors do at Clovelly?A.Take a boat tour.B.Drive a car.C.Get around on foot.D.Take a man-powered sledge.A.To amuse readers.B.To tell the history.C.To educate tourists.D.To introduce sights.Imagine the most English-English person you can think of.Now Tm fairly certain thatno matter what picture you just thought up,that person comes complete with a stiff upper lipand a cup of tea in their hand,because thats what the English do.They carry on and theydrink tea.Tea is so utterly English,such a rooted part of the culture,that its also rooted inhow everyone else around the world perceives that culture.And while ifs fairly common knowledge that Westerners have China to thank for theoriginal cultivation of tea drinking,its far less known that it was the Portuguese who inspiredits popularity in England in particular,one Portuguese woman.Travel back in time to 1662,when Catherine of Braganza(daughter of PortugaFs KingJohn IV)won the hand of Englands newly restored monarch,King Charles II,with the helpof a very large dowry(嫁妆)that included money,spices,treasures and the highly profitableports of Tangiers and Bombay.This made her one very important lady:the Queen of England,Scotland and Ireland.When she relocated up north to join King Charles,she is said to have packed loose-leaftea as part of her personal belongings;it would also have likely been part of her dowry.A funlegend has it that the boxes were marked Iransporte de Ervas Aromaticas(Transport ofAromatic Herbs)later shortened to T.E.A.That last bit probably isnt true(experts believe the word tea came from a Chinesecharacter),but what is for sure is that tea was already popular among the upper class ofPortugal due to the countrys direct trade line to China via Macau.4.What do people think of tea drinking in Britain?A.Typical.B.Fashionable.C.Incredible.D.Unusual.5.Who promoted the fashion of tea drinking in England?A.Common Westerners.B The Chinese people.C.Portugals King John IV.D.The Queen of King Charles II.6.What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?A.Tea was part of the dowry of Catherine of Braganza.试卷第2 页，共 10页B.The word tea came from Portuguese marks on the boxes.C.Tea became popular in Portugal earlier than it did in England.D.The direct trade line between China and England developed because of tea.7.Which is the most suitable title fbr the text?A.The story behind British tea drinking.B.The legend of tea drinking in Portugal.C.The origin of Westemers,tea drinking.D.The history of tea trade between China and Britain.Will skipping breakfast make me fat?The good news fbr those who dont have breakfast is that putting on weight isntinevitable as long as you control those high-calorie desires and stay active.Research shows that although avoiding breakfast will make you hungrier and you mightmake up fbr that with a bigger lunch,this wont necessarily make you“fitter on average,those who skip breakfast dont eat more across the whole day than if they didnt skip it.Someresearchers have found that you may even eat fewer calories overall,and end up using yourbodys fat reserves fbr energy,which can actually help you lose weight.However,weight isnt the only consideration:studies show that breakfast-skippers arelikely to exercise less.This may be because they have lower energy levels-after eight hours orso without food,the body will have used up most of its stores of easy-to-access energy duringsleep.Morning festers are also more likely to have unhealthy,but appetite-suppressing habits,such as smoking or drinking a lot of coffee.If you want to ensure that you eat a regular,nutritious breakfast,try preparing it the nightbefore dont leave it until the morning,when your brain struggles to make good decisions.If you do skip breakfast.Dont make up for it with a huge lunch,otherwise you51 1 suffer overeating.Make sure you eat something before you exercise,or you risk“hitting the wall”.Dont make up fbr lack of energy with coffee-it can make you lose your appetite andmake you anxious and nervous.8.What does the underlined word“inevitable“mean in Paragraph 2?A.Unbelievable.B.Unavoidable.C.Uncomfortable.D.Unbearable.9.Why do some breakfast-skippers lose weight?A.They do more exercise.C.They reserve their body fat.10.What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?A.Aims of the studies.C.Effects of skipping breakfast.B.They stay active all day.D.They take in fewer calories.B Ways of losing weight.D.Suggestions for breakfast-skippers.11.What is the authors attitude towards skipping breakfast?A.Objective.B.Positive.C.Negative.D.Doubtful.The wires,screens and batteries that make up our devices-not to mention the plastic,metal and other materials that package them-are filling up landfills.Some e-waste isrelatively large:old phones and air conditioners,fbr instance.Other e-waste is more hidden,such as electronic single-use medical diagnostic kits,environmental sensors,and smart labelsthat contain one-off batteries and other equipment.“Its these small batteries that are big problems,says public health scientist DeleOgunseitan,who was not involved in developing the battery.Nobody really pays attention towhere they end up.Researchers at the Cellulose&Wood Materials Laboratory at the Swiss FederalLaboratories fbr Materials Science and Technology（Empa）are working to address thisproblem.Their new paper in Scientific Reports describes a paper battery developed fromenvironmentally friendly materials that could eventually present a sustainable alternative tothe more harmful batteries common in low-power devices.The paper battery has the same key components as standard batteries but packages themdifferently.Like a typical chemical battery,it has-a positively charged side called a cathode（正极）,a negatively charged side called an anode（负极）,and a conductive material called anelectrolyte（电解质）between the two.A traditional batterys components are packaged inplastic and metal;in the new battery,the anode and cathode are inks printed onto the frontand back of a piece of paper.That paper is filled with salt,which dissolves（溶解）when thepaper is dampened with water.The resulting saltwater solution acts as the electrolyte.When the paper is dry,the battery is shelfstable.Add just a couple of drops of water,however,and the salt dissolves,allowing electrons to flow.Once the paper is dampened,thebattery becomes active within 20 seconds.The new batterys operating performance declinesas the paper dries.When the scientists rewet the paper during testing,the battery regained试卷第4 页，共 10页functionality and lasted an hour before beginning to dry out again.12.What can we infer about small disposal batteries according to Dele Ogunseitan?A.They are no big problems.B.They need to be addressed.C.They should be made larger.D.They are environmentally friendly.13.Whats special about the new battery?A.It has a cathode and an anode.B.It has different key components.C.Its cathode and anode are printed on paper.D.Its components are packaged in plastic and metal.14.What is used to make the new battery start to operate?A.Salt.B.Metal.C.Ink.D.Water.15.In which section can we find the text?A.Advances.B.Reviews.C.Culture.D.Opinion.二、七选五Four surprising ways to boost your heart healthAs much as 80 percent of premature heart disease is preventable by making specificlifestyle choices.Some strategics,such as exercising and managing weight,are well known.6 A small change in your everyday routine can potentially have a big impact in thelong run,“says preventive cardiologist Dr.Beth Abramson,a spokesperson fbr the Heart andStroke（中风）Foundation of Canada.Get eight hours of sleep.If we dont have enough sleep,our bodies also have more difficulty controlling bloodpressure,inflammation and glucose levels.1718Doing good for others helps your self-respect and relieves stress.Research issued inPsychosomatic Medicine in 2016 showed that a feeling of purpose in life is linked to a lowerlikelihood of heart attack and stroke.Depending on the type of work you do,volunteeringmight even increase your physical activity.Avoid polluted air.Exposure to this kind of pollution over time raises your risk of heart disease.19 Tryto get your outdoor exercise far away from highways and industrial districts,and spend moretime indoors when the air quality index is poor.Laugh.A 2016 study in the Journal of Epidemiology of more than 20,000 people over the ageof 65 found a lower risk of cardiovascular（心血管的）disease in those who reported laughingevery day.20 It may also serve as a mini-workout,helping your circulation andprotecting the health of your arteries（动脉）.A.Be kind to others.B.Engage in volunteer work.C.You should laugh everyday.D.Laughter reduces stress and depression.E.But others may not have crossed your mind.F.These factors can all have an impact on heart health.G.Even short periods of it are unhealthy for people with other cardiovascular risks三、完形填空One day,a vendor（小贩）came to our doorstep,selling bundles of vegetables priced atone dollar per bundle.My moms 21 was 50 cents,no more than that,but she 22 tobuy four bundles at that price.Politely declaring that she wouldnt even 23 the cost atthat price,the vendor walked away.After taking four steps ahead,however,she 24 and shouted,Make it 75 centerbundle,and I will sell it to you.Mom shook her head and 25 to her original offer of 50cents.26 for a while,the vendor came back to our doorstep.The deal was 27 at my试卷第6 页，共 10页moms bid.My mom paid the money.The vendor took it without even counting.As she28,she swayed（摇晃）due to apparent dizziness.My mom held her hands and askedwhether she had had any 29 in the morning.The vendor said,“No,I will need to buysome with todays earnings.”My mom asked her to sit down,30 inside,came back swiftly with some food anddrink and offered them to the vendor.The vendor hungrily and 31,finished them all.Thanking my mom for all the food,she went on her way.I was 32.1 asked my mom why she was so mean in bargaining for 50 cents but was33 in offering food of a much higher price to that vendor.Mom smiled and said,There is no kindness in business,but my treating the vendor kindly isfrom my morality,which is different from 34.Remember,there shall 35,be anybusiness in kindness.,21.A.offerB.moneyC.changeD.discount22.A.refusedB.failedC.promisedD.decided23.A.cutB.coverC.shareD.shift24.A.walked onB.passed byC.went awayD.turned back25.A.stuckB.objectedC.referredD.responded26.A.CountingB.PreparingC.WanderingD.Hesitating27.A.canceledB.settledC.interruptedD.suggested28.A.roseB.ateC.enteredD.refused29.A.restB.foodC.moneyD.medicine30.A.lookedB.hurriedC.pointedD.moved31.A.carefullyB.patientlyC.embarrassedlyD.gratefully32.A.movedB.shockedC.puzzledD.troubled33.A.politeB.honestC.friendlyD.generous34.A.interestB.kindnessC.businessD.friendship35.A.neverB.alwaysC.usuallyD.sometimes四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinese structural biologist Yan Ning announced on November 1st,2022 that she wouldresign 36 Princeton University in the US and join in the establishment of ShenzhenMedical Academy of Research and Translation(SMART)in the near future.“In the near future,I will return to China full-time 37(assist)in establishing a newresearch and development institution in Shenzhen called SMART,38(integrate)severalfunctions including scientific research,transformation,education and financial support,Yansaid at the Shenzhen Global Innovation Talent Forum.While teaching at Tsinghua University in 2014,Yan Ning 39(lead)a team toanalyze the three-dimensional crystal structure of the human glucose transporter GLUT1initially.After the achievement 40(publish)in Nature,it_41_,(immediate)receivedwidespread attention and praise from the international academic community.Yan earned her Ph.D.at Princeton in 2004 4 2 returned in 2017 as the 43(one)Shirley M.Tilghman Professor of Molecular Biology.Yan said she wanted to support more outstanding 44(scholar)and tackle thevarious health threats facing mankind.Shenzhen offered 45 right opportunity,and thecity can build its place in the global biomedicine field,Yan said.五、建议信4 6.假如你是李华，你的英国好友Mary给你发来邮件，说居家上网课时注意力难以集中，她担心成绩落后，因此向你求助。请你回复她，内容包括：1.安慰；2.建议；3.祝愿。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Dear Mary,试卷第8 页，共 10页Yours sincerely,Li Hua六、读后续写4 7.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Helen was a young girl.Her parents taught her to be kind,and she always was.And shelived a happy life.Unluckily,one day,her mother had an accident.Her right leg was hurtbadly and needed an expensive operation.Her family couldnt afford to pay fbr it.Although their friends and relatives all tried theirbest to offer help but it was far from enough.And they were unsure what to do next.One day,walking down the street to a bookstore nearby,Helen noticed an old man tryinghard to climb the steps to a nearby park.The old man with Alzheimers disease（阿尔茨海默氏症）left home days ago and ended up wandering around the streets while his son,Dr.Smith,a doctor of the City Hospital,had been trying to find him but in vain.“He cant climb the steps.He looks so weak.Helen said to-herself.Without hesitation,she ran over to him.“Sir,let me help you!”The man made no response,then Helen repeated it.Slowly raising his head,the manlooked at her,surprised.Helen gave him a smile and then helped him climb the steps.4Yourhands are shaking!?,Helen said anxiously.6 advice此 外:whafs morebesides参加：engage in participate in2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Hopefully,these proposals will be of some help