北京2022-2023学年高三上学期9月月考英语试卷.pdf
北京101中学2023届上学期高三年级9 月月考英语试卷考试时间90分钟，满 分 100分。第一部分知识运用(共两节，30分)第 一 节(共 10小题；每小题1.5分，共 15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A,B,C,D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Karie double-checked the words on her spelling test.If she got 100 percent today,shed winher classs First-Quarter Spelling Challenge.Three more words to go.N-i-c-e-l-y,Q-u-i-c-k-l-y,H-o-n-e-s-t-y.Wait!Shed spelled honesty,not honestly!She erased the t-y and wrote 1-y before handing in her paper.After a break,Karie hurried into the classroom.She fidgeted(坐立不安)in her seat.Ms.McCormack walked to the front and cleared her throat.Congratulations.Karie!You did it!Thewhole class.Ms.McCormack presented Karie with her prize一a 2.Karie grinned as she read the3_ on the box:to Katie for her perfect first-quarter score in spelling.Karie 4 the front door after school.She scooped up(抱起)her cat.Can you spellnicely,Casper?And quickly and honestly,and.Karies stomach tumbled to the floor.Honestly?H-O-N-E-S-L-Y!It suddenly struck her that she had 5 the word.Karie went to her roomand 6 on how she could tell the class she hadnt earned the prize after all.She couldntsleep but kept tossing and turning in bed all night.Ms.McCormack was unlocking the classroom door when Karie got to school the nextmorning.You are a(n)7 bird.Ms.McCormack said.Katies hands trembled.She gaveher teacher the spelling paper and the dictionary.I cant keep this.I misspelled honestly and youdidnt 8 it.u Come and sit down,Karie.For a moment,Ms.McCormack stood quietlyreading the words on the dictionary.Then she picked up her pen.She crossed out the wordperfect and wrote honest before handing the dictionary back to Katie.Katies jaw dropped.Iget to keep this.9?”For honestly,no.Ms.McCormack smiled.But for 10,yes.()1.A.interruptedB.eruptedC.hesitatedD.followed()2.A.bookB.penC.dictionaryD.certificate()3.A.titlesB.poemsC.wordsD.letters()4.A.pushed overB.pulled downC.broke intoD.burst through()5.A.misunderstoodB.misspelledC.misinterpretedD.misjudged()6.A.reflectedB.insistedC.decidedD.acted()7.A.earlyB.lovelyC.talentedD.timely()8.A.checkB.correctC.doubtD.catch()9.A.EventuallyB.HonestlyC.ImmediatelyD.Luckily)10.A.fairnessB.respectC.honestyD.trust第 二 节(共 10小题；每小题1.5分，共 15分)AA black hole is a spot in space that has 11(power)gravity.Its gravity is so strong that itpulls everything nearby into it,stars,planets and other things.Black holes form when a star dies.When that happens,a huge amount of matter crowds into a very small space,which 12(become)very dense.Black holes 13(talk)about in 1783 first.That year,one scientist saidthat in the universe,there might be places with strong gravity to trap light,although he didnt usethe term black hole.BEmma was on her way home when she heard a sudden scream.Looking around,she saw alittle boy on the sidewalk gasping(急喘)for air,his 14(frighten)mother begging for help.Emma rushed to the boy,whose face 15(turn)purple.Whafs wrong?A candy!In histhroat!It was lucky that Emma had learned how 16(perform)the Heimlich maneuver(海姆利克急救法)at school.She acted quickly.Soon,the boy coughed up a piece of candy andbegan breathing again.He was saved in time.CImagine youre standing close 17 a river.The sun is shining and everything is veryquiet.There is a boat 18(wait)for you.You get in and it takes you down a river slowlyand gently.And after some time you realize that you 19(be)in the place before.Youreback at a time in your childhood,20 you were very happy.You row to the bank of the riverand get out.Walk around and you will meet all those people you spent that happy time with andyou can do all those things again that you enjoyed.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，38分)第 一 节(共 14小题；每小题2 分，共 28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A,B,C,D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ATHE OLYMPIC STUDIES CENTREYOUR SOURCE OF REFERENCE FOR OLYMPIC KNOW LEDGEThe IOC Olympic Studies Centre is the world source of reference for Olympic knowledge.Our mission is to share this knowledge with professionals and researchers through providinginformation,giving access to our unique collections,enabling research and stimulating intellectualexchange.As part of the IOC,we are uniquely placed to collect and share the most up-to-date andaccurate information on Olympism.Our collections include the IOC archives(档案),the officialpublications of the IOC and the Organizing Committee of the Olympic Games as well asbooks,articles and journals.HERE TO HELPWhatever your interest in the Olympic Movement-academic or professional-we will help youfind the information you need,quickly and easily.Were here to:Answer your questions:share factual and historical information,Games results andstatistics Give personalized guidance:help you find what you need in our extensive library andarchives Lend you books and publications,even internationally Give you online access:to our electronic documents Award research grants:to PhD students and established researchers Connect you to our network:of academic experts in Olympic studiesJoin the academic community interested in Olympic studiesOne of our key roles is to facilitate communication and cooperation between the IOC and theinternational academic community in order to promote research and stimulate intellectualexchange.This worldwide community is mainly composed of over 40 Olympic Studies Centers andhundreds of individual scholars and university students working on academic projects related tothe field of Olympic studies.Thanks to this regular exchange and the work conducted by the academics,we enrich theworlds Olympic knowledge,share new analysis on key topics related to the Olympic Movementand can provide guidance to universities wishing to launch initiatives on Olympic studies.Join our academic mailing listUniversity professors and researchers are invited to join our academic mailing list to beinformed about our future activities and other updates concerning Olympic studies initiatives.Tojoin,email us with a brief description of your academic status and your full contact details.VISIT USYoull find us next door to the Olympic Museum in Lausanne,Switzerland.Were openMonday to Friday,9am to 5pm,except on public holidays and on Christmas.You dont need anappointment to use the library and the study rooms.If you would like to see the historical archivesor need personal guidance to find your way around our collections,please fill out our visitorrequest form.()21.The Olympic Studies Center mainly aims to.A.give personalized guidanceB.provide resources on the OlympicsC.receive Olympic fans across the worldD.update information on Olympism for officials()22.What can be learned about the academic community?A.It is organized by Olympic officials.B.It launches projects at universities.C.It promotes academic exchanges.D.It provides electronic documents.()23.If you want to visit the center,you have to.A.fill out a visitor request formB.enter the Olympic MuseumC.make an appointmentD.arrive on workdaysBDear child,Take a seat.Daddy has something to share with you.I would like us to have aheart-to-heart-even though,over the years,you have slowly broken mine.Oh shut up;you so have!If you go out and ask any mother or father out there,I guarantee theyll say the same thing:Allchildren break their parents hearts.It*s just what children do.In fact,it*s what Daddy*s ownmother continues to remind him still,to this very day,every time they speak on the phone.In your baby years,you vomited(呕吐)，pooped and peed all over me.In your teen years,youcame home from parties and vomited red wine all over my already-dirty carpets.There was a timeyou experimented with drugs and all those things I hate.Where does the heartbreak end?Still,I want you to know you are loved,because various parenting magazines insist that*s myresponsibility:to make you feel special and valued and so on.And of course Daddy loves you!Dont you see?And Daddy values you.Very much so.How could he not value you,when you,as atest-tube baby,cost so much to come into this world?Now you*re old enough to hear the truth about parenting.And its this:all kids annoy theirparents.Like you,I started off adorable.Then I went through my weird-body-shape-and-acneyears,lost all my cuteness,developed an attitude and never once did I apologize to my parents forstealing the best years of their lives.When you become a parent yourself,here are some parenting skills you might want to trythat have been passed down from countless generations of angry Asians before me.Passiveaggression is always welcome.Regular scream I WISH YOU HAD NEVER BEEN BORN willhelp keep your own kids self-respect in check.But whatever happens,ensure you earn enoughmoney in your adult life.Then give it to me,so I can go on expensive international tours.If youdo this I promise Ill stop complaining and leave you alone,because we both know thats what wereally want.Love you lots,Cutie-Pie.Daddy()24.The letter discusses all the topics EXCEPT.A.babyhoodC.parentingB.teenage problemsD.death()25.According to the letter,the aut hor.A.used to take drugsB.regrets getting marriedC.broke his parents*heartD.was born as a test-tube baby()26.Why does the author write the letter?A.To ask his child to earn more money.B.To encourage his child to be independent.C.To communicate to his child love and hope.D.To stop his child from being a troublemaker.CElizabeth Spelke,a cognitive(认知的)psychologist at Harvard,has spent her career testingthe worlds most complex learning system-the mind of a baby.Babies might seem like no matchfor artificial intelligence(AI).They are terrible at labeling images,hopeless at mining text,andawful at video games.Then again,babies can do things beyond the reach of any AI.By just a fewmonths old,theyve begun to grasp the foundations of language,such as grammar.Theyve startedto understand how to adapt to unfamiliar situations.Yet even experts like Spelke dont understand precisely how babies-or adults,for thatmatter-leam.That gap points to a puzzle at the heart of modem artificial intelligence:Were notsure what to aim for.Consider one of the most impressive examples of AI,Alpha Zero,a programme that playsboard games with superhuman skill.After playing thousands of games against itself at a superspeed,and learning from winning positions,Alpha Zero independently discovered several famouschess strategies and even invented new ones.It certainly seems like a machine eclipsing humancognitive abilities.But Alpha Zero needs to play millions more games than a person duringpractice to learn a game.Most importantly,it cannot take what it has learned from the game andapply it to another area.To some AI experts,that calls for a new approach.In a November research paper,FrancoisChollet,a well-known AI engineer,argued that its misguided to measure machine intelligence justaccording to its skills at specific tasks.Humans dont start out with skills;they start out with abroad ability to acquire new skills,he says.MWhat a strong human chess player is demonstratingis not only the ability to play chess,but the potential to fulfill any task of a similar difficulty/1Chollet posed a set of problems,each of which requires an AI programme to arrange coloredsquares on a grid(格栅)based on just a few prior examples.It*s not hard for a person.But modemmachine-learning programmes-trained on huge amounts of data-cannot learn from so fewexamples.Josh Tenenbaum,a professor in MITs Center for Brains,Minds&Machines,works closelywith Spelke and uses insights from cognitive science as inspiration for his programmes.He saysmuch of modern AI misses the bigger picture,comparing it to a cartoon about a two-dimensionalworld populated by simple geometrical(几何形的)people.AI programmes will need to learn innew ways-for example,by drawing causal inferences rather than simply finding patterns.Atsome point-you know,if youYe intelligent-you realize maybe theres something else out there,*hesays.()27.Compared to an advanced AI programme,a baby might be better at.A.labeling images B.identifying locationsC.playing games D.making adjustments()28.What does the underlined word eclipsing in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A.Stimulating.B.Measuring.C.Beating.D.Limiting.()29.Both Francois Chollet and Josh Tenenbaum may agree that.A.AI is good at finding similar patternsB.AI should gain abilities with less trainingC.AI lacks the ability of generalizing a skillD.AI will match humans in cognitive ability()30.Which would be the best title for this passage?A.What is exactly intelligence?B.Why is modern AI advanced?C.Where is human intelligence going?D.How do humans tackle the challenge of AI?DIn college,I was taught an elegant theory of chemical combination based on excess electronsgoing into holes in the orbital shell of a neighbouring atom.But what about diatomic compoundslike oxygen gas?Dont ask;students arent ready to know.In physics,in biology,in any otherscience classes,students frequently get that answer too.Its time to trust students to handle doubtand diversity in science.Actually,students are starting to act.They have shamed their seniors intoincluding more diverse contributors as faculty members and role models.Young scholars rudelyask their superiors why they fail to address the extinction crises clarified by their research.Theinherited authoritarian political structures of science education are becoming lame-but still remainlargely unchanged from the old school days.A narrow,rigid education does not prepare anyone for the complexities of scientific research,applications and policy.If we discourage students from inquiring into the real nature of scientifictruths,or exploring how society shapes the questions that researchers ask,how can we preparethem to maintain public trust in science in our post-truth world?Diversity and doubt producecreativity;we must make room for them,and stop guiding future scientists into narrow specialtiesthat value technique over thought.In science,even foundational building blocks can be questioned.The unifying patterns of theperiodic table are now questioned under closer examination.Some scientists now wonder whetherthe concept of biological species contributes more confusion than insight,and whether it shouldtherefore be abandoned.However,such a decision would affect conservation policy,in whichidentification of endangered species is crucial-so it is not just an issue for basic science.Science students generally remain unaware that concepts such as elements and species arecontested or are even contestable.In school,college and beyond,curricula highlight the technicaland hide the reflective.Public arguments among scientists often presume that every problem hasjust one solution.Nonetheless,uncertain advice on complex issues should be a warning that,from a futureperspective,todays total scientific consensus on some policy issue might have been the result ofstubbornness,a conflict of interest or worse.Just as a healthy democracy accommodates dissentand dissonance,the collective consciousness of science would do well to embrace doubt anddiversity.This could start with teaching science as a great,flawed,ongoing human achievement,rather than as a collection o
