完形填空【大题精做】冲刺2023年高考英语大题突破+限时集训（江苏专用）（解析版）.pdf

专题0 4 完形填空【大题精做】冲刺2023年高考英语大题突破（解析版）题型简介该题目型就是在一篇语境完整的短文中有目的的地挖去一些空，造成信息的中断，让考生在理解短文的基础上，综合运用所学的知识作出合理的分析、判断、从中选出正确的答案，从而是短文主旨鲜明、语义连贯、逻辑严密。典例在线（2022年新高考全国I 卷英语真题）My husband,our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years.Some of our 41 are funny,especially from the early years when our children were little.Once,we42 along Chalk Creek.I was 43 that our 15-month-old boy would fall into the creek（小溪）.I tied arope around his waist to keep him near to our spot.That lasted about ten minutes.He was 44.and his cryinglet the whole campground know it.So 45 tying him up,I just kept a close eye on him.It 46-hedidnt end up in the creek.My three-year-old,however,did.Another time,we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake.The sky was clear when we 47.but storms move infast in the mountains,and this one quickly 48 our peaceful morning trip.The 49 picked up andthunder rolled.My husband stopped fishing to 50 the motor.Nothing.He tried again.No5j.We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.As we all sat there 52,a fisherman pulled up,threw us a rope and towed（拖）us back.We were 53.Now,every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage,we are filled with a sense of54,wondering what camping fun and 55 we will experience next.41.A.ideasB.jokesC.memoriesD.discoveries42.A.campedB droveC.walkedD.cycled43.A.annoyedB.surprisedC.disappointedD.worried44.A.unhurtB.unfortunateC.uncomfortableD.unafraid45.A.due toB.instead ofC.apart fromD.as for46.A.workedB.happenedC.matteredD.changed47.A.signed upB.calmed downC.checked outD.headed off48.A.arrangedB.interruptedC.completedD.recorded49.A.windB.noiseC.temperatureD.speed50.A.findB.hideC.startD.fix51.A.luckB.answerC.wonderD.signal52.A.patientlyB.tirelesslyC.doubtfullyD.helplessly53.A.sorryB.braveC.safeD.right54.A.reliefB.dutyC.prideD.excitement55.A.failureB.adventureC.performanceD.conflict【答案】41.C 42.A 43.D 44.C 45.B 46.A 47.D 48.B 49.A 50.C 51.A 52.D 53.C 54.D 55.B【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和家人在旅行过程中经历过的趣事与冒险，并且作者和家人都十分期待即将经历的冒险。41.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的一些记忆很有趣，尤其是在早些年我们的孩子很小的时候。A.ideas想法；B.jokes 笑话；C.memories 记忆；D.discoveries 发现。根据上文“have had wonderful camping experiencesover the past ten years”以及下文especially from the early years when our children were little”可知,作者在讲述以前一些经历，这些经历回想起来很有趣，因此作者认为自己与家人一起冒险的一些记忆是有趣的。故选C项。42.考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，我们沿着白垩溪露营。A.camped露营；B.drove开车；C.walked散步；D.cycled 骑自行车。根据上文“My husband,our children and I have had wonderful camping experiencesover the past ten years.”可知，作者与家人在过去的十年来有着美妙的露营经历，而此处作者讲述的是其中的一次经历，他们一起在溪边露营。故选A 项。43.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我担心我们15个月大的孩子会掉进小溪里。A.annoyed恼怒的；B.surprised惊讶的 C.disappointed 失望的；D.worried 担心的。根据下文“I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near toour spot.”可知，作者把一根绳子系在儿子的腰上就是怕自己的孩子会掉进小溪里，所以可知作者对此是很担心的。故选D 项。44.考查形容词词义辨析。句 意:他很不舒服，他的哭声让整个营地都知道了这一点。A.unhurt未受伤的；B.unfortunate 不幸的；C.uncomfortable 不舒服的；D.unafraid 无所畏惧的。根据上文“I tied a rope around hiswaist to keep him near to our spot.以及下文his crying let the whole campground know it”可知，孩子之所以哭是因为身上被绑绳子而感觉不舒服。故选C 项。45.考查介词短语辨析。句意：所以我没有把他绑起来，而是密切关注着他。A.due to 由于；B.instead of代替，而不是；C.apart from 除了；D.asfor 至于。根据上文“Hewas_4_,and his crying let the wholecampground know it.”以及下文1 just kept a close eye on him”可知，因为孩子身上被绑绳子后感觉不舒服，所以作者换了另一种方式，选择密切关注他，而不是在他身上绑绳子。故选B 项。46.考查动词词义辨析。句意：它起作用了，他最终没有掉进小溪里。A.worked起作用；B.happened发生；C.mattered事关紧要；D.changed改变。根据下文“he didnt end up in the creek.“可知，孩子没有掉进小溪里是因为作者在密切关注着他，以防他掉下去，因此可知作者采取的这种关注小孩而不是用绳子把他绑起来的方式起作用了。故选A 项。47.考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但山中风暴来势汹汹，风暴很快中断了我们平静的晨间旅行。A.signed up注册，报名;B.calmed down冷静下来;C.checked out退房,结账离开；D.headedoff 启程，出发。根据上文“The sky was clear”以及下文but storms move in fhst in the mountains”可知，天气突然变化，出发时还天气晴朗。故选D 项。48.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但山中风暴来势汹汹，风暴很快中断了我们平静的晨间旅行。A.arranged 安排；B.interrupted 中断；C.completed 完成；D.recorded 记录。根据上文“stormsmove in fest in the mountains,and this one quickly”以及下文our peaceful morning trips”可知，因为风暴来临，所以作者的旅行被迫中断了。故选B 项。49.考查名词词义辨析。句意：狂风大作，雷声隆隆。A.wind风；B.noise噪音；C.temperature温度；D.speed速度。根据上文“storms move in fast in the mountains”以及下文的“thunder rolled.”可知，天气变得很糟糕，大风刮了起来。故选A 项。50.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我丈夫停止钓鱼来启动马达。A.find找到；B.hide隐藏；C.start启动;D.fix修理。根据下文“Nothing.He tried again.以及“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.“可知，作者他们被困在湖中央，是因为马达坏了，发动不起来，因此可知作者的丈夫尝试将船启动。故选C 项。51.考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有好运。A.luck好运；B.answer回答；C.wonder惊奇；D.signal信号。根据下文“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.”可知，作者的丈夫再次尝试启动，船依然无法启动，因此可知他们运气很差，没有好运。故选A 项。52.考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我们无助地坐在那里时，一个渔夫停了下来，扔给我们一根绳子并把我们拖了回来。A.patiently耐心地;B.tirelessly不知疲倦地；C.doubtfully怀 疑 地;D.helplessly无助地。根据上文“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.”可知，在天气恶劣的情况下船无法启动了，作者与家人十分无助地坐着。故选D 项。53.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们安全了。A.sorry抱歉的；B.brave勇敢的；C.safe安全的；D.right正确的。根据上文“a fishennan pulled up,threw us a rope and towed us back”可知，作者他们得到了渔夫的帮助，因此作者和家人安全了。故选C 项。54.考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，每年当我丈夫把露营车从车库里拉出来时，我们都会充满兴奋，想知道接下来我们会经历什么样的露营乐趣和冒险。A.relief救济；B.duty职责：C.pride自豪；D.excitement兴奋。根据上文的“Now,every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage”以及下文的wonderingwhat camping firn”可知，作者他们一看到丈夫把露营车拉出来时，他们就会想知道接下来露营的乐趣是怎么样的，因此可知作者他们是期待接下来的露营，对此充满兴奋之情。故选D 项。55.考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，每年当我丈夫把露营车从车库里拉出来时，我们都会充满兴奋，想知道接下来我们会经历什么样的露营乐趣和冒险。A.failure失败；B.adventure冒险；C.performance表现；D.conflict 冲突 根据上文“Now,eveiy year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage,we are filledwith a sense of_ 14_,wondering what camping fun and”以及下文we will experience next”可知，作者与家人想知道下一次露营的乐趣是什么，因此也十分期待即将经历的冒险。故选B 项。【点睛】1.【利用关联词汇】1.利用词汇的的重复或同根词2.利用意思相同、相近的表达方式2.【活用逻辑推断】1.并列或递进2.因果3.转折或对立4.目的5.层次和顺序3.【巧用语境提示】1.根据上文提示2.根据下文提示4.【偶用背景常识】5.【借用情感态度】Praise for Pioneers in ScienceIn memory of Marie Curie on her birthday on Saturday,the official website of the Nobel Prize posted aphotograph of her notebook saying.Marie Curie died of aplastic anaemia(再生障碍性贫血)on 4 July 1934,aresult of years of exposure to radiation through her work.Even today her laboratory notebook from 1899-1902,is21 and will be fbr 1.500 years.”The tales of Marie and other scientists of her time are in some sense very 22.Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen discovered X-ray in 1895.A year later,Antoine Henri Becquerel found that somenatural substances 23 rays,too.Later,Marie and her physicist husband,Pierre Curie,gave ita(n)24,radioactivity.However,the 25 effects of radioactivity were not discovered until decades later.Marie and her26 scientists dealt with radioactive substances fbr decades using little or no protection.Maries death is areminder about the risks pioneers in science 27.It was only after people handling radioactive substancesbegan to get similar 28 that medical experts asked people to use protection.Today,medical healthworkers and patients wear heavy protective 29 during X-rays.It is almost 30 that those exploring new frontiers for science are exposing themselves to unknowndangers.There is a(n)3 j for better protection for the pioneers,but that is not possible until the dangersare fully known.For example,the space suits astronauts wear 32 them against radiation.However,only33 will tell if there are some other unknown dangers.The contributions and sacrifices by such pioneers to the field of science are 34 and deserving ofour respect.Because the pioneers not only 35 new frontiers,but also help us better protect ourselvesfrom unknown surroundings.21.A.extraordinary B.radioactive C.protective D.creative22.A.tragicB.inspirationalC.romanticD.meaningful23.A.blockedB.absorbedC.reflectedD.emitted24.A.privilegeB.nameC.noticeD.identity25.A.scientificB.novelC.sensitiveD.harmful26.A.contemporary B.conservativeC.curiousD.cautious27.A.deliverB.relieveC.undertakeD.generate28.A.rewardsB.warningsC.diseasesD.titles29.A.glassesB.glovesC.shoesD.covers30.A.oddB.inevitableC.criticalD.intimidating31.A.focusB.evolutionC.demandD.breakthrough32.A.protectB.fightC.warnD.forbid33.A.spaceB.timeC.technologyD.history34.A.unmatchedB.upliftingC.gloriousD.concrete35.A.extendB.proceedC.mountD.explore【来源】江苏省南通市海安市2022-2023学年高三上学期11月期中英语试题【答案】21.B 22.A 23.D 24.B 25.D 26.A 27.C 28.C 29.D 30.B 31.C 32,A 33.B 34.A 35.D【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了著名科学家玛丽 居里夫人及其他科学先驱者对科学领域的贡献和牺牲。21.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：即使在今天，她 1899年 至 1902年的实验室笔记本仍具有放射性，将持续 1500 年。A.extraordinary 非凡的；B.radioactive 放射性的；C.protective 保护性的；D.creative 有创意的。根据上文“Marie Curie died of aplastic（再生障碍性贫血）on 4 July 1934,a result of years of exposure toradiation through her work.”可知，即使在今天，她的实验室笔记本仍具有放射性。故选B。22.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从某种意义上说，玛丽和她同时代的其他科学家的故事是非常悲惨的。A.tragic悲惨的；B.inspirational鼓舞人心的；C.romantic浪漫的；D.meaningful有意义的。根据上文“MarieCurie died of aplastic anaemia（再生障碍性贫血）on 4 July 1934,a result of years of exposure to radiationthrough her work”可知，玛丽和她同时代的其他科学家虽然为科学作出了巨大贡献，但是结局却很悲惨。故选 A。23.考查动词词义辨析。句意：一年后，安托万亨利 贝克勒尔发现，一些天然物质也会发出射线。A.blocked阻塞；B.absorbed吸收；C.reflected反映：D.emitted发出。根据空后rays”可知，此处指发出射线。故选D。24.考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，玛丽和她的物理学家丈夫皮埃尔 居里给它起了个名字一放射性。A.privilege 特权；B.name 名字;C.notice 注 意;D.identity 身份。根据空后“radioactivity”可知，此处指起了一个名字。故选B。25.考查形容词词义辨析。句 意:然而，放射性的有害影响直到几十年后才被发现。A.scientific科学的；B.novel 新奇的；C.sensitive 敏感的；D.harmful 有害的。根据上文“Marie Curie died of aplastic anaemia(再生障碍性贫血)on 4 July 1934,a result of years of exposure to radiation through her work.“可知，放射性会产生有害的影响。故选D。26.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几十年来，玛丽和她同时代的科学家在处理放射性物质时几乎没有防护措施。A.contemporary同时代的：B.conservative保守的；C.curious好奇的：D.cautious谨慎的。根据语境可知，此处指和玛丽同时代的科学家们。故选A。27.考查动词词义辨析。句意：玛丽的死提醒人们科学先驱所承担的风险。A.deliver交付；B.relieve缓解；C.undertake承担；D.generate生成。根据上文“the risks pioneers in science”可知，此处指科学先驱所承担的风险。故选C。28.考查名词词义辨析。句意：只有在接触放射性物质的人开始患上类似疾病后，医学专家才要求人们采取防护措施。A.rewards奖励；B.warnings警告；C.diseases疾 病;D.titles标题。根据空前“get similar”及空后“that medical experts asked people to use protection.“可知，接触放射性物质的人开始患上类似居里夫人的疾病。故选C。29.考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天，医护人员和病人在做X 光检查时都要戴上厚厚的防护罩。A.glasses眼镜；B.gloves手套：C.shoes鞋子；D.covers防护罩。根据常识可知，医护人员和病人在做X 光检查时都要戴上厚厚的防护罩。故选D。30.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几乎不可避免的是，那些探索科学新领域的人将自己暴露在未知的危险中。A.odd奇怪的；B.inevitable不可避免的;C.critical关键的;D.intimidating令人生畏的。根据下文“Thereis a(n)11 for better protection for the pioneers,but that is not possible until the dangers are fully known.及常识可知，探索新领域时，将自己暴露在未知的危险中是几乎不可避免的。故选B。31.考查名词词义辨析。句意：有人要求对先驱者进行更好的保护，但在完全了解危险之前，这是不可能的。A.focus 焦点；B.evolution 进化；C.demand 要求；D.breakthrough 突破。根据空后“fbr better protectionfbr the pioneers”可知，有人要求对先驱者进行更好的保护。故选C。32.考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，宇航员穿的宇航服可以保护他们免受辐射。A.protect保护；B.fight战斗；C.warn警告；D.forbid禁止。根据空后“against radiation”可知，此处指保护宇航员免受辐射。故选A。33.考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，只有时间才能证明是否还有其他未知的危险。A.space太空；B.time时间；C.technology 技术；D.history 历史。根据 二 文“However,the 5 effects of radioactivity were notdiscovered until decades later.”可知，只有时间才能证明是否还有其他未知的危险。故选B。34.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些先驱者对科学领域的贡献和牺牲是无与伦比的，值得我们尊敬。A.unmatched无与伦比的;B.uplifting人振奋的;C.glorious光荣的;D.concrete具体的。根据上文“It is almost10 that those exploring new frontiers for science are exposing themselves to unknown dangers.”可知，这些先驱者对科学领域的贡献和牺牲是无与伦比的。故选A。35.考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为先驱者不仅探索了新的领域，而且还帮助我们更好地保护自己不受未知环境的影响A.extend扩展；B.proceed进行；C.mount开展；D.explore探索。根据上文“It is almost 10that those exploring new frontiers for science are exposing themselves to unknown dangers.”及空后new frontiers”可知，此处指探索新的领域。故选D0刷模拟(A)(2022江苏南京联考一模)How long have you been going to the same hairdresser or barber?Its a question that gets us thinking about theunique friendship we with our stylists over the years.You have confidence in each other.You have a laugh together and regularly 2 each others news.Plusthey try to make you look and feel your best.Thats a(n)3 not only for a great friendship,but also for theperfect relationship with your hairdresser.When you find a good barber,its something to 4.Many people have 5 experiences with their hairdressers.Tve had my hair cut by Claire Miller for morethan 15 years.Shes taken me through all kinds of 6、and shes helped me find a totally new look nowduring the post-chemotherapy(化疗后)period with dyed blonde hair!7 hairstyles,there have beencommunications about the joys and trials of motherhood,the 8 of health problems and changes in ourcareers and lives the stuff of 15 years that we have 9 in the three salons Claire has worked in.While she cut my hair recently,we chatted about that special 10 that forms between hairdressers andtheir clients.You hear so many stories from them,and sometimes you feel like a counselor 11 ahairdresser.You assess their needs,and you know how to react to them says Claire.For Claire,the customer interaction is something she loves about the job and that she has 12developed throughout her working lift.Its about being human and 13 about people.A lot of my clientsare my friends and like family now.Its my 14 to cut their hair,making them look and feel good,but Ialso want them to feel 15 by the experience,laughs Claire.1.A.breakB.promoteC.formD.begin2.A.catch up onB.make up fbrC.put up withD.end up with3.A.requestB.desireC.occasionD.recipe4.A.resolveB.rememberC.cherishD.evaluate5.A.reliableB.unforgettableC.imaginableD.inseparable6.A.shapesB.modelsC.stylesD.sorts7.A.BesidesB.DespiteC.GivenD.After8.A.injuriesB.emotionsC.concernsD.challenges9.A.broughtB.sharedC.observedD.emphasized10.A.linkB.roleC.habitD.pattern11.A.other thanB.rather thanC.less thanD.more than12.A.eventuallyB.graduallyC.immediatelyD.frequently13.A.caringB.hangingC.worryingD.talking14.A.desireB.ambitionC.hobbyD.job15.A.fascinatedB.struckC.upliftedD.impressed【答案】1.C 2.A 3.D 4.C 5.B 6.C 7.A 8.D 9.B 10.A 11.B 12.B 13.A 14.D 15.C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了理发师与客人之间的联系。Clarie热爱理发工作，她认为与客人的联系基于日常工作的点滴，并且理发师需要关心客人，才能建立起联系。1.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个问题让我们想起了多年来我们与造型师之间建立的独特友谊。A.break打破：B.promote 促进;晋升；C.form 形成；建立；D.begin 开始。根据“with our stylists over the years.“可知，这里是指思考和我们熟悉的发型师多年来建立的友情。故选C。2.考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：你们一起欢笑，定期了解彼此的消息。A.catch up on追上；跟进；B.makeup for 弥补；C.put up with 忍受；D.end up with 以.为终。根据“You have a laugh together”可知，你和理发师互相会跟进各自发生的事情，即了解彼此的消息。故选A。3.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这不仅是一段伟大友谊的秘诀，也能让你和你的理发师保持完美的关系。A.request 要求；B.desire 欲望；C.occasion 场合；D.recipe 秘诀。根据not only for a great friendship,but also forthe perfect relationship with your hairdresser.”可知1,互相关心跟进彼此的消息不仅仅是维护友谊的秘方，也适合用于和理发师维护关系。故选D。4.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你找到一个好理发师，这是值得珍惜的。A.resolve解决；B.remember记住；C.cherish珍惜；D.evaluate评估。根据“When you find a good barber,“可知，遇到一个好的理发师要珍惜。故选C。5.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：许多人和理发师都有难忘的经历。A.reliable可靠的；B.unforgettable无法忘记的；C.imaginable难以想象的；D.inseparable不可分离的。根据后文可知，作者和很多人一样和自己的理发师有着难忘的经历。故选B。6.考查名词词义辨析。句意：她带我经历了各种各样的风格，她帮助我在化疗后找到了一个全新的面貌，染成金色的头发!A.shapes形 状;B.models模 型;C.styles款式;风格；D.sorts品种。根据and shes helpedme find a totally new look now during the post-chemotherapy（化疗后）period with dyed blonde hair!”可知,理发师带着作者看遍所有的发型风格。故选C。7.考查介词词义辨析。句意：除了发型，我们还交流了做母亲的喜悦和考验，健康问题的挑战，以及我们职业和生活中的变化我们在克莱尔工作的三家沙龙里分享了 15年的事情。A.Besides在之外；B.Despite 尽管；C.Given 考虑至ll；D.After 之后。根据“there have been communications about the joys and trials ofmotherhood,the_8_of health problems and changes in our careers and lives”可知，除了 发型之外还有其他有趣的话题来谈论。故选A。8.考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了发型，我们还交流了做母亲的喜悦和考验，健康问题的挑战，以及我们职业和牛.活中的变化我们在克莱尔工作的三家沙龙里分享了 15年的事情。A.injuries伤害；B.emotions情感；C.concerns担忧；关心；D.challenges挑战。根据health problems”可知，健康问题所带来的挑战。故选D。9.考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了发型，我们还交流了做母亲的喜悦和考验，健康问题的挑战，以及我们职业和生活中的变化我们在克莱尔工作的三家沙龙里分享了 15年的事情。A.brought带来；B.shared分享；C.observed 观察；D.emphasized 强调。根据She