2022年吉林警察学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）.pdf

2022年吉林警察学院自考英语（二）练习题汇 总（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】【I阅读选择】You cant change your energy cycle,but you can learn to make your lifefit it better.Habit can help,Dr.Kleitman believes.Maybe youre sleepy in the eveningbut you must stay up late anyway.Counteract your cycle to some extent by habituallystaying up later than you want to.If your energy is low in the morning but you havean important job to do early in the day,rise before your usual hour.This wontchange your cycle,but youll get up steam and work better at your low point.If onewants to work more efficiently at his low point in the morning,he s h o u l d.A、change his energy cycleB overcome his lazinessC get up earlier than usualD go to bed earlier【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题要求读者找出本段中的最后两句，并联系本段开头两句的意思，作出正确判断。本段开头说，虽然你无法改变自己的能量周期，但你可以使你的生活适合这一周期。Dr.Kleitman认为经常性的行为（对你的能量周期）能起作用。”最后两句又说，”.rise before your usual hour.work better at your lowpoint.（如果你在上午处于能量的低潮，但你有重要的工作要在上午做，那么你就要比平时早起。这并不改变你的周期，但你可以在低潮时得到能量，工作得更好。”）因此选项C是正确答案。第2题【单选题】2009.01 Modern economics the countrys agricultural policies.A、undergoes1B、understandsC underliesD、undertakes【正确答案】c【答案解析】本题考查词义辨析。句意：现代经济学是国家农业政策的基础。考查形近动词词义。A 经历，经受；B 了解；C 成为.的基础；D 承担，保证。第3题【单选题】【阅读选择】Climate scientists are not present everywhere.Because there are somany places in the world and not enough scientists to observe all of them,theyreasking for your help in observing signs of climate change across the world.The citizenscientist movement encourages ordinary people to observe a very specific researchinterest-birds,trees,flowers budding,etc,and send their observations to a giantdatabase to be observed by professional scientists.This helps a small number ofscientists track a large amount of data that they would never be able to gather ontheir own.Much like citizen journalists helping large publications cover a hyper-localbeat,citizen scientists are ready for the conditions where they live.All thats neededto become one is a few minutes each day or each week to gather data and send itin.In All thats needed to become one.(paragraph 2),what does the word onestands for?A、a citizen journalistB、a citizen scientistC a scientistD a citizen【正确答案】B【答案解析】one不仅是数词也是代词；代词指代的名词或句子一般出现在代词的前一句，要注意区分代词单、复数。第4题【单选题】22009.01 Children have a natural about the world around them.A certaintyB、capabilityC、clevernessD、curiosity【正确答案】D【答案解析】句意：孩子们对他们周围的事物有着天然的好奇心。考查名词词义选择。A 确定性，肯定的事；B 能力，才能；C 精明，聪颖；D 好奇心，求知欲。第5题【单选题】【填句补文】Rough estimates in the past have predicted similarly disappointingresults.Says Sallie Chishol,an environmental engineer from theMassachusetts Institute of Technology.But the take-home message is the same.Ocean fertilization is not the answer to global warming.A、These are newer and better models,B、Its opponents argue,however,that it will stop global warming.C、Adding iron to patches of ocean can make plankton bloom temporarily.D As plankton die and settle on the ocean floor,their carbon is supposedlylocked up in the seabed.【正确答案】A【答案解析】这个问题可以根据引号来作答，因为空格后面有says这个词，它预示着所填入的句子应该是带引号的。A 的意思是：这些是比较新的也是比较好的模型。第6题【单选题】【阅读选择】The system has several advantages.Shepherds do not have to walkamong the sheep,which tends to disturb the mother sheep that are about to givebirth.Instead,they can stay inside,watching by remote control.If there is no3problem,they stay away from the sheep.But when they are needed they can quicklygo out to help,or to scare away foxes.The experiment is popular with shepherdsbecause it means that they do not have to spend all their time outdoors waiting forthe lambs to arrive in freezing weather.From the passage,we learn that walkingamong the s h e e p.A、is more popular with shepherds than watching TV insideB、can help the mother sheep to give birth to more lambsC、is the best way to protect the sheepD usually disturbs the mother sheep that will give birth【正确答案】D【答案解析】根据本段第二句话Shepherds do not have to walk among the sheep,which tends to disturb the mother sheep that are about to give birth.可知 D 项正确。第7题【单选题】【阅读选择 Good news for chocoholics：the treat preferred by millions all over theworld is good for you,according to American researchers at the University ofCalifornia.Chocolate contains substances called flavonoids（类黄酮）that can helpmaintain a healthy heart and good circulation.The researchers have discovered thatcocoa acts like aspirin and that eating a bar of chocolate has also been shown torelease endorphins in the body：these chemicals help to reduce pain and stress andmake you feel happy.Why is chocolate good for heart and circulation?A、It reduces pain and stress.B It contains substances called flavonoids.C、It releases endorphins in human body.D、It acts like aspirin to protect heart.【正确答案】B【答案解析】因果关系词信号词。凡是注释中文的地方可能是答案区域。第8题【单选题】4【概括大意】If you are tired of making vague excuses for another dull summer athome,here is a thought to lift your spirits.You do not need anything so radical aswinning a lottery（彩票）to finance a trip to Europe.A student identity card that canbe obtained for a few dollars from the Council on International Educational Exchangeentitles（给予、授权）you to discount tickets（打折和L票）on certain charter flightsto London and Paris,as well as reduced admission to many museums,cinemas,andmusical events.Once in Europe,you can stay at approved youth hostels for abouttwo dollars a night.So dont give up your hopes of becoming an internationaltraveler.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、It is easy for a student to travel in Europe during the summer.B The student needs to obtain an identity card to travel at a cheap rate.C、The student could stay at approved youth hostels for about two dollars a night.D、The students will become international travelers in summer.【正确答案】A【答案解析】这段话主要讲学生暑假去欧洲的一些优惠来论证学生去欧洲旅行是很容易的。因此选择A。第9题【单选题】2010.04 By the end of next year the b r i d g e.A、is to completeB、has been completedC、will be completedD will have been completed【正确答案】D【答案解析】【译文】到明年年底之前，这座桥修建将完成。【试题分析】本题考查语法。【详细解答】动词时态。by the end of到 时为止；在 之前。将来完成时态，用于表达在将来某时间以前已经完成的动作。第10题【单选题】5【填句补文】Doctors believe that secondhand smoke may cause lung cancer inpeople who do not smoke because nonsmokers often breathe in the smoke fromother peoples cigarettes.The US Environmental Protection Agencyreports that about 53,000 people die in the United States each year as a result ofexposure to secondhand smoke.A、The risk is even higher for children who live in homes where both parentssmoke.B、In the United States,nine million children under the age of five live in homeswith at least one smoker.C、This smoke is called secondhand smoke.D No one knows for sure why Mr.Gilson has lung cancer.【正确答案】c【答案解析】前一句提到，不吸烟者时常吸入他人香烟中冒出的烟，接下来应首选对此烟加以定义的句子。第 题【单选题】2010.04 The spokesman occasionally his speech with gestures.A、acknowledgesB accompaniesC、attributesD、anticipates【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题考查词汇。【译文】这位发言人讲演中偶尔伴有手势。第12题【单选题】2009.01 I was writing a report last n i g h t;I would not have stayed up late.A、howeverB、otherwiseC、therefore6D、furthermore【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题考查副词词义辨析。句意：我昨天晚上写一个报告，否则我就不会熬夜了。A 然而，不过；B 否则，要不然；C 因此，所以；D 再者，而且。第13题【单选题】【阅读选择】Helping the planet is a big part of what our world trip is all about andthats exactly what we did this past week.We helped get a hydroponics farm startedin a local village.This farm will be a model for the local villagers so they can starttheir very own self sustaining farm.Hydroponics is a type of farming that uses a thirdof the water needed in an average farm and uses no soil.A hydroponics farmA、is difficult to buildB is a type of farm without soilC will cost lots of moneyD was started in the village before they came【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B o 词义理解题。根据关键词hydroponics farm迅速锁定本段。再通过排除法可以判定B 项是正确的。因为A 和 C 表述的内容文章并没有提到过。D 项表述是错误的，因为那个村庄在他们去之前并没有这种hydroponicsfarmo是他们到了之后，帮忙建立了一个模型。第14题【单选题】2007.04 The newspaper will have to close down if it cannot increase itsconsiderably.A、distributionB、contributionC、prescriptionD、circulation7【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题考查词义辨析。circulation：（书报杂志的）销售量，发行额，销路。符合句意。第15题【单选题】【填句补文】Home schooling is often more interesting than regular schools,butcritics say that home-schoolers are outsiders who might be uncomfortable mixingwith other people in adult l i fe.However,most parents dont have the timeor the desire to teach their children at home,so schools will continue to be wheremost children get their formal education.A Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children.B A number of parents prefer not to send their children to school.C、Children who are educated at home are known as“home-schoolers.”D、Others believe they can provide a better educational experience for theirchildren by teaching them at home.【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段大意是 对home schooling提出了质疑，需要注意前面说到了critics say,空格处与之对应的是Critics also say。第16题【单选题】2010.04 The spokesman occasionally his speech with gestures.A、acknowledgesB、accompaniesC、attributesD、anticipates【正确答案】B【答案解析】【译文】这位发言人讲演中偶尔伴有手势。【试题分析】词汇题。【详细解答】动词的词义选取。8第17题【单选题】2009.10 Youd better leave things if you dont know how to deal withthem.A、offB、outC aloneD、over【正确答案】c【答案解析】【译文】如果你不知道如何处理这些事情，你最好把它们放在一边。【试题分析】本题考查词意区分。【详细解答】A 离开，离去 B 不在里面，出局 C 单独的（地）D 完结，翻倒，越过第18题【单选题】2010.04 We have greatly the procedure according to the chairmanssuggestion.A、stimulatedB、perceivedC、obscuredD、simplified【正确答案】D【答案解析】【译文】按照主席的提议我们已经大大地简化了步骤。【试题分析】本题考查词义辨析。【详细解答】动词的词义选取。第19题【单选题】【填句补文】“Geochemists just want an intuitive sense of whats going on with theelements/says Albert Galy from the University of C a m b r i d g e.A、An earth scientist has rejigged the periodic table（元素周期表）to makechemistry simpler to teach to students.9B、The traditional periodic table was well drawn.C a imagine contour lines would be good for undergraduates/D、But he has added contour lines to charge density,helping to explain which ionsreact with which.【正确答案】c【答案解析】这一段是剑桥大学的AlbertGaly的原话，我们可以从引导整个关键点得出答案。即：地学化学家们只想通过直觉判断元素的活动。我想等高线对学生们有好处”。第20题【单选题】【填句补文】Arms.How you hold your arms shows how open and receptive you areto people you meet.If you keep your arms to the sides of your body or behind yourback,this suggests you are not afraid of taking on whatever comes your way.If someone upsets you,just cross your arms to show youre unhappy!A Outgoing people generally use their arms with big movements,while quieterpeople keep them close to their bodies.B、If you ale feeling down,you normally dont sit straight,with your shouldersinwards.C、However,it will probably still be noticed,and people will know youre notpleased.D Jf you are pleased,you usually open your eyes wide and people can notice this.【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题可以采用线索词来定位。空格处的前后两个句子都是对arms在具体情况下具体动作的描述。那么用以补充的句子也应是如此，即选项A 开朗的人和沉默寡言的人手臂的动作，符合条件。第21题【单选题】2009.10 The room was q u i e t,t h e occasional coughing from my throat.A in case10B、except forC by farD、instead of【正确答案】B第22题【单选题】填句补文“Geochemists just want an intuitive sense of whats going on with theelements/says Albert Galy from the University of C a m b r i d g e.A、An earth scientist has rejigged the periodic table（元素周期表）to makechemistry simpler to teach to students.B The traditional periodic table was well drawn.C a imagine contour lines would be good for undergraduates/D、But he has added contour lines to charge density,helping to explain which ionsreact with which.【正确答案】C【答案解析】这一段是剑桥大学的Albert Galy的原话，我们可以从引导整个关键点得出答案。即：地学化学家们只想通过直觉判断元素的活动。我想等高线对学生们有好处。第23题【单选题】I usually go there by train.Why not by boat for a change?A、to try goingB、trying to goC、to try and goD、try going【正确答案】D【答案解析】本句用try doing表示尝试做某事。本句还运用了一个句型，whynot do sth?11第24题【单选题】2008.04 To understand the sentence,you should analyze its pa r t s.A、functionallyB、widelyC、largelyD remarkably【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题考查副词词义区分。为了理解这个句子，你应该分析句子各个部分的功能。A.有用途地、有功能地；B.宽广地；C.大大地；D.突出地。第25题【单选题】2010.04 In order to follow fashions,the girl has to great discomforts.A、catch up withB、put up withC keep up withD、fall in with【正确答案】B【答案解析】【译文】为了跟随时尚，这个女孩不得不忍受极度地不舒适。【试题分析】本题考查短语辨析。put up with：忍受。catch up with：追上，赶上。keepup with：和 保持联系。fall in with：偶然遇到，赞同。第26题【单选题】【阅读判断】Five neighbors at a central Missouri retirement community who are allcentenarians（百岁老人）get asked all the time：”How did you live to be 100?Q:Thefive centenarians live in a very friendly community.A、TrueB、False12C、Not Given【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选C o 题目说的是 这五位百岁老人生活在一个非常友好的社区”，文章开头部分提到了community（社区几但该句并没有说这五位百岁老人生活的社区是否是一个友好的社区，因此判断问题句的信息在文章中没有提到。第27题【单选题】【阅读选择】Rhythm in literature is a more or less regular occurrence of certainelements of writing:a word,a phrase,an idea,a sound,or a grammaticalconstruction.We are also accustomed to this recurrence in the alternate heavy andlight beats in music.Our love for rhythm seems to be innate:witness the responsesof a small child to lively music.Children love to beat on toy drums or empty boxes.They stamp their feet and chant nursery rhymes or nonsense syllables,not unlikeprimitive dancers.As children grow older,they are taught to restrain their responsesto rhythm,but our love of rhythm remains.We live in rhythms;in fact we aregoverned by rhythms.According to the passage,an adults reaction to rhythm inmusic would probably be.A、uninhibitedB indifferentC、restrainedD、responsible【正确答案】c【答案解析】该题的解题依据在本段结尾部分As children grow older,they aretaught to restrain their responses to rhythm.”。作者讲：随着孩子的年龄逐渐增大，大人就会教他们抑制对节奏的反应，等他们长大之后，他们对音乐节奏的反应，更可能受到抑制。第28题【单选题】2009.04 It is not decided the conference will be held.13A、whatB whichC、whenD、that【正确答案】c【答案解析】本题考查主语从句的引导词的选择。译文：大会什么时候召开还没有决定。详细解答：A 什么；B 哪一个；C 什么时候；D（无词义）。第29题【单选题】【阅读选择】People suspected that“Lucky”,as he was called by friends,wanted tokill his wife he no longer lived with.They say that Lucan entered his old house and inthe dark,killed the nanny by mistake.His estranged wife heard noises,camedownstairs and was also attacked,but managed to escape.Seven months after themurder,a jury concluded that Lucan had killed the nanny.lt is thought that Lucankilled the nanny b e c a u s e.A、she was looking after the childrenB、she was a friend of LucansC、it was dark and he thought she was Lady LucanD Loa rd Lucan thought the nanny stole his car【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。因果关系题。对照本段People suspected thatLucky，as he was called by friends,wanted to kill his wife he no longer lived with.They saythat Lucan entered his old house and in the dark,killed the nanny by mistake.本来是要杀他的妻子，可是因为天太黑，所以错杀了保姆。答案选C。第30题【单选题】2008.10 Never before so rapidly developing as it is today.A has our country beenB has been our country14C、our country has beenD our country been has【正确答案】A【答案解析】【译文】我们国家从未像现在这样高速发展。【试题分析】语法题。0（参看Unit5课后的补充语法 语序”中的例句）【详细解答】否定词never在句首，该句子应采用部分倒装。第31题【单选题】阅读选择We are so used to our life on the surface of the earth that it can bequite an effort for our mind to break free of all the ideas that we take for granted.Because we can feel that things are heavy,we think of weight as being a fixedquality in an object,but it is not really fixed at all.If you could take a one-poundpacket of butter 4,000 miles out from the earth,it would weigh only a quarter of apound.How much would four pounds of tea weigh if it was taken 4,000 miles outfrom the surface of the earth?A、1 pound.B、2 pounds.C、3 pounds.D 4 pounds.【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题问的是一磅茶如果被带出离地球表面4000英里的地方，重量会是多少？4000这个数字比较关键，因为在本段最