黄金卷08 (赢在高考 黄金8卷)备战2023年高考英语模拟卷（北京专用）（解析版）.pdf

【赢在高考黄金8卷】备战2023年高考英语模拟卷（北京专用）（解析版）黄金卷08第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共 10小题；每小题1.5分，共 15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Famous people often say that the key to becoming both happy and successful is to dowhat you love”.But mastering a skill,even one that you deeply love,1 a hugeamount of dull work.Anyone who wants to master a skill must run through the cycle ofpractice,2 feedback,modification,and increasing improvement again,again andagain.Some people seem able to concentrate on practicing an activity like this for years andtake pleasure in their gradual improvement.Yet others find this kind of focused,time-intensive work to be 3 or boring.Why?The difference may 4 the ability to enter into state of flow,“the feeling ofbeing completely involved in what you are doing.Since Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi developedthe 5 of flow in the 1970s,it has been a mainstay of positive-psychology research.Flow states can happen in the course of any activity,and they are most common when a taskhas well-defined goals and is at a（n）6 skill level.Csikszentmihalyi suggested that those who most 7 entered into flow states hadan autotelic（自成目 的的）personality a disposition to seek out challenges and get into astate of flow.While those without such a personality see difficulties,autotelic individuals seeopportunities to build skills.With their capacity for disinterested interest”,such people havea great 8 over others in developing their innate abilities.Fortunately for those of us who arent necessarily blessed with an autotelic personality,there is evidence that flow states can be 9 by environmental factors.By givingourselves unstructured,open-ended time,minimal 10,and a task set at amoderate level of difficulty,we may be able to love what were doing.1.A.inquires B.requires C.acquires D.gains2.A.preventable B.maintainable C.sustainable D.critical3.A.frustratingB.encouragingC.concerningD.instructing4.A.move awayB.turn onC.pick upD.call for5.A.conceptB.receiptC.receptionD.condition6.A.alternativeB,appropriateC.approximateD.sufficient7.A.fullyB.reallyC.readilyD.accidentally8.A.addictionB.advanceC.advantageD.admiration9.A.forbiddenB.operatedC.fastenedD.facilitated10.A.temptationB charmC attractionsD.distractions【答案】1.B 2.D 3,A4.B 5.A 6.B7.C 8.C 9.D10.D【导语】本文是一篇说明文。任何想要掌握一项技能的人都必须经历一遍又一遍的练习。一些人能够集中精力练习这样的活动，并且喜欢这种过程，而另一些人则觉得集中精力、耗费时间的工作令人沮丧。这主要是因为“心流状态”一一种完全投入到你正在做的事情中的感觉。文章介绍了心流状态的特点和容易进入心流状态的人的特点，以及有证据表明环境因素可以培养心流状态。1.考查动词词义辨析。句意：但掌握一项技能，即使是你深爱的技能，也需要大量枯燥的工作。A.inquires 询问，打听；B.requires 需要，要求；C.acquires 获得；D.gains得到。根据句中“mastering a skill”以及下文Anyone who wants to master a skill must runthrough the cycle of practice,M（任何想要掌握一项技能的人都必须经历一次又一次的练习）可知，此处指掌握一项技能需要大量枯燥的工作。故选B。2.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：任何想要掌握一项技能的人都必须经历一次又一次的练习、批评反馈、修改和不断提高的过程。A.preventable可预防的；B.maintainable 1维护的；C.sustainable可持续的;D.critical关键的；批判性的。根据句中“feedback,modification,and increasing improvement”可知，掌握,项技能要经历反复的反馈、修改和不断提高的过程，可得出这种反馈应该是具有批判性的。故选D。3.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，其他人发现这种专注、时间密集的工作令人沮丧或无聊。A.frustrating令人沮丧的;B.encouraging鼓舞人心的;C.concerning使人担忧的；D.instructing指导的。根据下文“or boring”可知，空格处与boring是并列意义。frustrating”令人沮丧的“可以承接句中“this kind of focused,time-intensive work”（这种专注、时间密集的工作）的语义，体现工作因费时而令人沮丧的逻辑。故选A。4.考查动词短语辨析。句意：这种差异可能取决于进入“心流”状态的能力，即完全参与你正在做的事情的感觉。A.move away移开；B.turn on打开，依靠；C.pick up拾起;开车接；D.call for 需要。根据上文“Some people seem able to concentrate on practicing anactivity like this for years and take pleasure in their gradual improvement.Yet others find thiskind of focused,time-intensive work to be 3 or boring.”（有些人似乎能够多年来专注于练习这样的活动，并从自己的逐渐进步中获得乐趣。然而，其他人发现这种专注、时间密集的工作令人沮丧或无聊。）可知，有些人喜欢这样的状态，而有些人觉得沮丧。所以，下文分析这种差异产生的原因这种差异取决于进入“心流”状态的能力。故选B。5.考查名词词义辨析。句意：自从Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi在 20世纪70年代提出了心流的概念以来，它一直是积极心理学研究的中流砥柱。A.concept概念；B.receipt收据；C.reception 接待；D.condition 条件。根据下文“Csikszentmihalyi suggested that those whomost 7 entered into flow states had an autotelic（自成目的的）personality adisposition to seek out challenges and get into a state of flow.（Csikszentmihalyi 认为，那些最进入心流状态的人具有“自成性格”一种寻求挑战并进入心流状态。）可知，Csikszentmihalyi提出了流动的概念。故选A。6.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：心流状态可以发生在任何活动的过程中，当任务具有明确的目标并且处于适当的技能水平时，流状态最为常见。A.alternative可供替代的；B.appropriate合适的;C.approximate近似的;大约的；D.sufficient足够的。根据上文“well-defined goals”可知，当任务具有明确的目标并且处于适当的技能水平时，心流状态最为常见。故选B。7.考查副词词义辨析。句意：Csikszentmihalyi认为，那些最容易进入心流状态的人具有“自成性格”一 一种寻求挑战并进入心流状态。A.fully充分地；B.really真地；C.readily快捷地，轻而易举地；D.accidentally意外地。根据下文“had an autotelic（自成目的的）personality a disposition to seek out challenges and get into a state of flow”可知.拥有“自成性格”的人更容易进入心流状态。故选C。8.考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于他们具有“无利害关系”的能力，这类人在发展其先天能力方面比其他人有很大优势。A.addiction瘾，入迷；B.advance前进，进步；C.advantage 优势；D.admiration 钦佩。根据上文“With their capacity for disinterestedinterest”可知，由于他们具有“无利害关系”的能力，这类人在发展其先天能力方面比其他人有很大优势，呼应上文讲这类人最容易进入心流状态。故选C。9.考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，对于我们这些不一定拥有自成性格的人来说，有证据表明，环境因素可以促进心流状态。A.forbidden禁止；B.operated操作；手术；C.fastened 系牢；D.facilitated 帮助，促进。根据上文“Fortunately for those of us who arentnecessarily blessed with an autotelic personality”可知，虽然我们不一定拥有很容易进入心流状态的自成性格，但是幸运的是，心流状态可以由环境因素促进。故选D。1 0.考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过给自己无组织和开放的时间、最小的干扰和设置中等难度的任务，当我们努力练习我们喜欢做的事情时，我们可能会爱上我们正在做的事情。A.temptation 诱惑，引诱；B.charm 魅力；C.attractions 吸引人的事物；D.distractions让人分心的事物，干扰。根据句中“unstructured,open-ended time,minimal 10,and a task set at a moderate level of difficulty”可知，此处是让自己进入心流状态的条件，结合“unstructured,open-ended time和a moderate level of difficulty,因此要给自己最小的干扰。故选Do第二节(共10小题；每小题L 5分，共15分)A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。It turns out that the old cliche“a picture is worth a thousand words“is true,at least whenit comes to your social media profile picture.A study reveals 11 your profile picturesays about you and your personality.Are you an extrovert,conscientious,or neurotic?It turnsout that your social media profile picture knows all.Although social media allows a user12(shape)his or her own personality and idealized view,evidence shows thatsocial media behavior usually 13(represent)an extension of ones self.【答案】IL that 12.to sh叩e 13.represents【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章介绍了社交媒体头像可以反映出个人的个性。11.考查名词性从句。句意：一项研究表明，你的头像可以反映出你和你的个性。分析句子可知，空格后是宾语从句，从句句意完整且不缺成分，应用连词thal引导该宾语从句。故填that。12.考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管社交媒体允许用户塑造自己的个性和理想化的观点，但有证据表明，社交媒体行为通常代表着一个人自我的延伸。allow sb.to do 是固定搭 4配，不定式作宾语补足语，意为“允许某人做某事。故填to shape。13.考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：尽管社交媒体允许用户塑造自己的个性和理想化的观点，但有证据表明，社交媒体行为通常代表着一个人自我的延伸。分析句子可知，提示词是宾语从句中谓语动词，与主语social media behavior之间是主动关系；结合句意和时间状语usually可知应用一般现在时态，又因主语是不可数名词，所以谓语动词应用单数形式。故填represents。B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AI technology can prove 14(confuse).A Scottish soccer team replaced theirhuman camera operators 15 Al-operated ball-tracking cameras.Now,cameraswould always follow the action by automatically following the ball.Sounds great,but fanswho were watching the games at home missed most of the scoring plays 16 theAl-operated cameras constantly mistook the referee Js bald head for the soccer ball.Scores ofviewers called the team 17(complain).One even suggested supplying the refereewith a wig.【答案】14.confusing 15.with 16.because#as 17.to complain【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是人工智能技术可能会令人困惑。14.考查形容词。句意：人工智能技术可能令人困惑。prove是系动词，后跟形容词作表语，主语AI technology是物，因此用ing结尾的形容词confusing修饰，意为“令人困惑的“，故填confusing。15.考查介词。句意：一支苏格兰足球队用人工智能跟踪摄像机取代了他们的人类摄像师。replace with.是固定短语，意为“用某物代替某物”，因此空格处是介词w ith,故填with16.考查连词。句意：听起来不错，但在家观看比赛的球迷错过了大部分进球比赛，因为人工智能操作的摄像机总是把裁判的光头误认为足球。根据语境可知，句子表示“在家观看比赛的球迷错过了大部分进球比赛，因为人工智能操作的摄像机总是把裁判的光头误认为足球“，空格处意为“因为“，用 because/as引导原因状语从句，故填because/as。1 7.考查不定式。句意：许多观众给摄制组打电话投诉。根据语境可知，句子表示“许多观众给摄制组打电话投诉“，空格处用不定式表目的，故填tocomplain。c阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Since the 1970s,scientists 18(search)for ways to link the brain withcomputers.Brain-computer interface technology could help people with disabilities sendcommands to machines.Recently,Iwo researchers,Jose Millan and Michele Tavella from theFederal Polytechnic School in Lausanne,Switzerland,showed a small robotic wheelchair19(direct)by a persons thoughts.In the laboratory,Tavella operated thewheelchair just by thinking about moving his left or right hand.He could even talk as hewatched the vehicle and guided 20 with his thoughts.【答案】18.have been searching 19.directed 20.it【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家们一直致力于寻找将大脑与计算机联系起来的方法，这种脑机接口技术可以帮助残疾人向机器发送命令。最近，有两名研究人员向公众展示了使用这种技术的新型轮椅机器人。18.考查动词的时态。句意：自20世纪70年代以来，科学家们一直在寻找将大脑与计算机联系起来的方法。分析句子结构可知，空格前有时间状语“Since+过去的时间点”，由后文可知“寻找大脑与计算机联系起来的方法”这一动作持续到了现在，而且还在不断发展，表示一个动作从过去某一时间开始并持续到了现在，而且还会继续持续下去，空格处的动词应用现在完成进行时。故填have been searching19.考查非谓语动词。句意：最近，来自瑞士洛桑联邦理工学院的两名研究人员何塞米伦和米歇尔塔维拉展示了一种由人的意念引导的小型机器人轮椅。分析句子结构可知,该句的谓语是showed,所以空格处应填一个非谓语动词；空格处动词direct与其逻辑主语 a small robotic wheelchair之间是被动关系，故空格处动词应用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填 directed。20.考查代词。句意：他甚至可以在一边看着车，一边用自己的意念引导它的时候说话。分析句子结构和句意可知，此空格指代前面提到的the vehicle,应用代词it做形式宾语。故填it。第二部分阅读理解(共两节，38分)6第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A图Chinese Dual Language Immersion Program(CDLIP)What is Dual Language Immersion?Dual language immersion provides academic instruction in two languages.The PasadenaUnified School District currently offers a Chinese-English immersion program.Why Choose the CDLIP?Learning a second language awakens curiosity and respect for other nations and theircultures.Chinese is not only a rich language with a long literary tradition,but it has alsoemerged as an influential worldwide language.Our CDLIP promotes cross-culturalsensitivity,so that students can learn about the globalized world.For native Chinese speakers,our program ensures full development and mastery of English language arts while helpingthem become more fluent in their mother tongue.Our ClassroomsThe CDLIP serves primary school students,from kindergarten through second grade.Grades 3,4 and 5 will be added in September of 2022,2023 and 2024,respectively.Theprogram is currently located at Luther Burbank Primary School.On any given day,you mightfind a classroom full of kindergarteners counting and sorting coins,first graders singing TheMore We Get Together”,or second graders describing physics experiments-all in Chinese!How Does the Program Work?CDLIP classrooms combine native and non-native speakers so that all students maysucceed in both Chinese and English.We apply a Two-Way 90:10 Model.In kindergarten,90%of the days instruction is in Chinese and 10%is devoted to improving English oral languageand the ability to read and write.As children progress through grade levels,the percentage ofEnglish instruction gradually increases,finally achieving a 50:50 split by fifth grade.To Register Your ChildLanguage learning is a long-term process,so parents are asked to register their childrenfor the full six years.Register online at www.pusd.us/oe between June 13 and 23.The program is free,supported by the Pasadena Unified School District.For kindergarten,no knowledge of Chinese is necessary.(Some knowledge of Chineseis expected for students entering grades 1-3.)Applications will be accepted after the deadline if spaces are still available.If you would like assistance completing your application,please contact Ms.Netty Liat Burbank Primary School(626)396-5760 or visit PUSD Welcome Center.21.After attending the CDLIP,students will be able to.A.master Chinese arts B.understand world historyC.hand down traditional literature D.develop cross-cultural awareness22.What can you find in CDLIP classes?A.Kindergarteners spending more time practicing reading.B.Students learning through songs and activities.C.Higher-grade students using mostly Chinese.D.Students focusing on science vocabulary.23.What can we learn about the registration?A.Parents need to pay the program fee.B.Students must be registered every year.C.Spaces are usually available after the deadline.D.PUSD Welcome Center offers help with registration.【答案】21.D 22.B 23.D【导语】这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了中文双语浸入式课程的相关信息。21.细节理解题o 根据“W/zy Choose the CDL/P?中的Our CDLIP promotes cross-culturalsensitivity,so that students can learn about the globalized world.(我们的中文双语浸入式课程提高了跨文化的敏感度，这样学生就可以了解全球化的世界。户由此可知，参加了中文双语浸入式课程后，学生将能够培养跨文化意识。故选D 项。22.细节理解题。根据中的 4tOn any given day,you might find aclassroom full of kindergarteners counting and sorting coins,first graders singing“The More We Get Together,or second graders describing physics experiments-all in Chinese!（在任何一天，你都可能看到满教室的孩子在数硬币，一年级学生在唱“The More We GetTogether,二年级学生在用中文描述物理实验）”可知，你能在中文双语浸入式课程发现学生通过歌曲和活动学习。故选B 项。2 3.细节理解题。根据“7b Register Your C7n7叶中的“If you would like assistance completingyour application,please contact Ms.Netty Li at Burbank Primary School（626）396-5760 orvisit PUSD Welcome Center.（如果您需要帮助完成您的申请，请联系伯班克小学Netty Li老师，电话为（626）396-5760或访问PUSD接待中心）”可知，PUSD接待中心提供注册帮助。故选D 项。BI always imagined Pd be a good birder one day.But it was not to be.I finally had toacknowledge this the day I met a real birder.Toward evening,a beautiful song erupted fromthe woods.6tOh!Whats that one?”I asked.She looked at me with unbelieving eyes and said,Thats still a cardinal（红雀）Nevertheless,after decades,Tve gotten pretty good at the 20 or so regular bird visitorsto my garden.And now I have a new ambition.I want to be able to tell individual birds apart.You know,my personal birds.I thought my ability to distinguish our local hummingbirds（蜂鸟）would be limited totelling the females from the males,which is easy,because their feathers look different.Butthere?s way more going on than that.I get a good look because,like many people,I put out anectar（花蜜）feeder.Thats mainly for my benefit,to draw them close.Hummingbirds getplenty of juice from my flowers.But they also eat insects and spiders.Some more thanothers.The hummingbird that has dominated（控制）our feeder Hannibal Nectar is oneround,spider-filled little ball.But then theres Noodle.She visits the feeder any time shesenses Hannibal isn looking.She always picks her place carefully so she can look out forHannibal.She looks right,left,up,down,and only then lowers and sucks everything she can.Hannibal comes way more often and drinks less at a time,because he knows hes the boss.But hes also the only hummingbird Ive seen that makes a regular habit of checking out thenectar feeder from underneath.I know what hes doing:There might be ants.Poor Noodle.Shell be attacking spider webs fbr material fbr her nest one of these days,and I hope shes real comfortable in there,because thats one place Hannibal will not beinvited.Td love to bring her a housewarming gift.Maybe a nice spider pot pie.24.How did the author probably feel after hearing the real birders answer?A.Excited.B.Moved.C.Frightened.D.Embarrassed.25.For what major purpose did the author set up a nectar feeder?A.To hunt hummingbirds.C.To observe hummingbirds.26.How is Hannibal different from Noodle?A.He is more battlesome.C.He sucks more nectar at a time.nest.27.What would be the best title for the text?A.The joy of raising birdsC.There are birds,and then theres NoodleB.To train hummingbirds.D.To give hummingbirds a home.B.He eats insects and spiders.D.He is particular about the material for hisB.Useful advice from a real birderD.Hummingbirds bring music to my garden【答案】24.D 25.C 26.A 27.D【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者对蜂鸟的喜爱以及蜂鸟给作者的花园带来的乐趣。24.推理判断