2020年湖南省高考英语答案及试题.pdf

2020 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷全国卷 I)英语英语注意事项注意事项:1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分第一部分 听力听力(共两节，满分共两节，满分 30 分分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节第一节(共共 5 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分分，满分 7.5 分分)听下面听下面 5 段对话段对话。每段对话后有一个小题每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中三个选项中选出最佳选项选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后听完每段对话后，你都有你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:How much is the shirt?A.19.15.B.9.18.C.9.15.答案是 C。1.Where are the speakers?A.At a swimming pool.B.In a clothing shop.C.At a school lab.2.What will Tom do next?A.Turn down the music.B.Postpone the show.C.Stop practicing.3.What is the woman busy doing?A.Working on a paper.B.Tidying up the office.C.Organizing a party.4.When will Henry start his vacation?A.This weekend.B.Next week.C.At the end ofAugust.5.What does Donna offer to do for Bill?A.Book a flight for him.B.Drive him to the airport.C.Help him park thecar.第二节第二节(共共 15 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分分，满分 22.5 分分)听下面听下面 5 段对话或独白段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.Why does Pete call Lucy?A.To say that hell be late.B.To tell her about his work.C.To invite her todinner.7.When is Pete going to see Lucy?A.At 6:00 pm.B.At 6:45 pm.C.At 8:00 pm.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.Why does Cathy want to quit her job？A.Shell join another firm.B.Shell run her own business.C.Shes fed up with it.9.What is Marks attitude towards Cathys decision?A.Forgiving.B.Sympathetic.C.Supportive.10.What might Cathy do for the present company?A.Apply for a project.B.Train a new person.C.Recommend anengineer.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。11.How did the man feel about his performance today?A.Greatly encouraged.B.Abit dissatisfied.C.Terribly disappointed.12.What did the man say helped him overcome the problem?A.Patience.B.Luck.C.Determination.13.What is the woman doing?A.Conducting an interview.B.Holding a press conference.C.Hosting a ceremony.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。14.What is next to the apartment building？A.Arestaurant.B.Alaundry.C.Agrocery store.15.Which is included in the rent？A.Electricity.B.The Internet.C.Satellite TV.16.What does the woman think of the apartment？A.Its quite large.B.Its well furnished.C.Its worth the money.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.Where is Jeff from？A.Liverpool.B.Coventry.C.Newcastle.18.Where do young men go to watch big games according to Jeff？A.Pubs.B.Stadiums.C.Friendshomes.19.Why does Jeff have to pick a team to support？A.To avoid being bothered.B.To open a conversation.C.To earn respect from others.20.What does Jeff mainly talk about？A.Englands moment of success.B.English flag as a symbol of hope.C.Englands all-time favourite sport.第二部分第二部分 阅读理解阅读理解(共两节，满分共两节，满分 40 分分)第一节第一节(共共 15 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 分，满分分，满分 30 分分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ATrain InformationAll customers travelling on TransLink services must be in possession of a valid ticket beforeboarding.For ticket information，please ask at your local station or call 13 12 30.While Queensland Rail makes every effort to ensure trains run as scheduled，there can be noguarantee of connections between trains or between train services and bus services.Lost property(失物招领)Call Lost Property on 13 16 17 during business hours for items lost on Queensland Railservices.The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7:30am to 5:00pm and is located(位于)atRoma Street station.Public holidaysOn public holidays,generally a Sunday timetable operates.On certain major event days，i.e.Australia Day,Anzac Day,sporting and cultural days,special additional services mayoperate.Christmas Day services operate to a Christmas Day timetable，Before travel please .au or call TransLink on 13 12 30 anytime.Customers using mobility devicesMany stations have wheelchair access from the car park or entrance to the station platforms.For assistance,please Queensland Rail on 13 16 17.Guardian trains(outbound)DepartOriginDestinationArrive6:42pmAltandiVarsity Lakes7:37pm7:29pmCentralVarsity Lakes8:52pm8:57pmFortitude ValleyVarsity Lakes9:52pm11:02pmRoma StreetVarsity Lakes12:22am21.What would you do get ticker information?A.Call 13 16 17.B.Visit .au.C.Ask at the local station.D.Check the train schedule.22.At which station can you find the lost property office?A.Altandi.B.Roma Street.C.Varsity Lakes.D.Fortitude Valley.23.Which train would you take if you go from Central to Varsity Lakes?A.6:42 pm.B.7:29 pm.C.8:57 pm.D.11:02pm.BReturning to a book youve read many times can feel like drinks with an old friend.Theres awelcome familiarity-but also sometimes a slight suspicion that time has changed you both,andthus the relationship.But books dont change,people do.And thats what makes the act ofrereading so rich and transformative.The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based on our presentmental register.Its true,the older I get,the more I feel time has wings.But with reading,its allabout the present.Its about the now and what one contributes to the now,because reading is agive and take between author and reader.Each has to pull their own weight.There are three books I reread annually The first,which I take to reading every spring isEmest HemningwaysA Moveable Feast.Published in 1964,its his classic memoir of 1920s Paris.The language is almost intoxicating(令人陶醉的)，an aging writer looking back on an ambitiousyet simpler time.Another isAnnie Dillards Holy the Firm,her poetic 1975 ramble(随笔)abouteverything and nothing.The third book is Julio Cortazars Save Twilight:Selected Poems,becausepoetry.And because Cortazar.While I tend to buy a lot of books,these three were given to me as gifs,which might add tothe meaning I attach to them.But I imagine that,while money is indeed wonderful and necessary,rereading an authors work is the highest currency a reader can pay them.The best books are theones that open further as time passes.But remember,its you that has to grow and read and rereadin order to better understand your friends.24.Why does the author like rereading?A.It evaluates the writer-reader relationship.B.Its a window to a whole new world.C.Its a substitute for drinking with a friend.D.It extends the understanding of oneself.25.What do we know about the bookA Moveable Feas!?A.Its a brief account of a trip.B.Its about Hemingways life as a young man.C.Its a record of a historic event.D.Its about Hemingways friends in Paris.26.What does the underlined word currency in paragraph 4 refer to?A.DebtB.Reward.C.Allowance.D.Face value.27.What can we infer about the author from the text?A.He loves poetry.B.Hes an editor.C.Hes very ambitious.D.He teaches reading.CRace walking shares many fitness benefits with running,research shows,while most likelycontributing to fewer injuries.It does,however,have its own problem.Race walkers are conditioned athletes.The longest track and field event at the SummerOlympics is the 50-kilometer race walk,which is about five miles longer than the marathon.Butthe sports rules require that a race walkers knees stay straight through most of the leg swing andone foot remain in contact(接触)with the ground at all times.Its this strange form that makesrace walking such an attractive activity,however,says Jaclyn Norberg,an assistant professor ofexercise science at Salem State University in Salem,Mass.Like running,race walking is physically demanding,she says,According to most calculations,race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories(卡路里)perhour,which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking,although fewer thanrunning,which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour.However,race walking does not pound the body as much as running does,Dr.Norberg says.According to her research,runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight perstep,while race walkers,who do not leave the ground,create only about 1.4 times their bodyweight with each step.As a result,she says,some of the injuries associated with running,such as runners knee,areuncommon among race walkers.But the sports strange form does place considerable stress on theankles and hips,so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting thesport.In fact,anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach orexperienced racer to learn proper technique,she says.It takes some practice.28.Why are race walkers conditioned athletes?A.They must run long distances.B.They are qualified for the marathon.C.They have to follow special rules.D.They are good at swinging their legs.29.What advantage does race walking have over running?A.Its more popular at the Olympics.B.Its less challenging physically.C.Its more effective in body building.D.Its less likely to cause knee injuries.30.What is Dr.Norbergs suggestion for someone trying race walking?A.Getting expertsopinions.B.Having a medical checkup.C.Hiring an experienced coach.D.Doing regular exercises.31.Which word best describes the authors attitude to race walking?A.Skeptical.B.Objective.C.Tolerant.D.Conservative.DThe connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research.Recent studies have found positive effects.Astudy conducted in Youngstown，Ohio，for example,discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime.In another，employees wereshown to be 15%more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT)have taken it a step furtherchanging the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse，even unusualfunctions.These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when theyreshort of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater.Were thinkingabout how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day,explained Michael Strano,a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.One of his latest projects has been to make plants grow(发光)in experiments using somecommon vegetables.Stranos team found that they could create a faint light for three-and-a-halfhours.The light，about one-thousandth of the amount needed to read by，is just a start.Thetechnology,Strano said,could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn tree intoself-powered street lamps.in the future，the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed ontoplant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plants lifetime.The engineers are alsotrying to develop an on and offswitchwhere the glow would fade when exposed to daylight.Lighting accounts for about 7%of the total electricity consumed in the US.Since lighting isoften far removed from the power source(电源)-such as the distance from a power plant to streetlamps on a remote highway-a lot of energy is lost during transmission(传输).Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.32.What is the first paragraph mainly about?A.Anew study of different plants.B.Abig fall in crime rates.C.Employees from various workplaces.D.Benefits from green plants.33.What is the function of the sensors printed on plant leaves by MIT engineer?A.To detect plantslack of waterB.To change compositions of plantsC.To make the life of plants longer.D.To test chemicals in plants.34.What can we expect of the glowing plants in the future?A.They will speed up energy production.B.They may transmit electricity to the home.C.They might help reduce energy consumption.D.They could take the place of power plants.35.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A.Can we grow more glowing plants?B.How do we live with glowing plants?C.Could glowing plants replace lamps?D.How are glowing plants made pollution-free?第二节第二节(共共 5 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 分，满分分，满分 10 分分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。项。AFew Tips for Self-AcceptanceWe all want it to accept and love ourselves.But at times it seems too difficult and too far outof reach._36_ Heres a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction._37_ Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough.Why do youfollow them?Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is betterthan theirs?Know that your life is your own;you are the only you in this world.Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made.We are often ashamed of ourshortcomings,our mistakes and our failures._38_ You will make mistakes,time and timeagain.Rather than getting caught up in how you could have done better,why not offer yourself acompassionate(有同情心)response?That didnt go as planned.But,I tried my best.Recognize all of your strengths.Write them down in a journal.Begin to train your brain tolook at strength before weakness.List all of your accomplishments and achievements.You have ajob,earned your degree,and you got out of bed today._39_Now that youve listed your strengths,list your imperfections.Turn the page in your journal.Put into words why you feel unworthy,why you dont feel good enough.Now,read these wordsback to yourself._40_ Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths andachievements.See how awesome you are?A.Feeling upset again?B.Where do you start?C.Nothing is too small to celebrate.D.Remember,you are only human.E.Set an intention for self-acceptance.F.Stop comparing yourself with others.G.When does the comparison game start?第三部分第三部分 语言知识运用语言知识运用(共两节，满分共两节，满分 45 分分)第一节第一节(共共 20 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分分，满分 30 分分)阅读下面短文阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和和 D 四个选项中四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。佳选项。Since our twins began learning to walk,my wife and I have kept telling them that our slidingglass door is just a window.The _41_ is obvious.If we _42_ it is a door,theyll want togo outside _43_.It will drive us crazy.The kids apparently know the _44_.But ourinsisting its _45_ a window has kept them from _46_ millions of requests to open thedoor.I hate lying to the kids.One day theyll _47_ and discover that everything theyvealways known about windows is a _48_.I wonder if _49_ should always tell the truth nomatter the _50_.I have a very strong_51_ that the lie were telling is doing_52_ damage to our children.Windows and doors have _53_ metaphorical(比喻)meanings.Im telling them they cant open what they absolutely know is a door.What if later in_54_ they come to a metaphorical door,like an opportunity(机会)of some sort,and_55_ opening the door and taking the opportunity,they just _56_ it and wonder,What if it isnt a door?That is,What if it isnt a _57_ opportunity?Maybe its an unreasonable fear.But the _58_ is that I shouldnt lie to my kids.Ishould ju