2022年全国新高考I卷英语真题及答案.pdf

20222022 年全国新高考年全国新高考 I I 卷卷英语英语真题及答案真题及答案试卷类型：A20222022 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语英语本试卷共 10 页，满分 120 分。考试用时 120 分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹例笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用 2B 铅笔将试卷类型（A）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。因笔试不考听力，选择题从第二部分的“阅读”开始，试题序号从“21”开始。2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用 2B 船笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用像皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上：如而改动，先则掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）第一节（共 15 小题：每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。AGrading Policies for Introduction to LiteratureGradingGrading ScaleScale90-100,A;80-89,B;70-79,C;60-69,D;Below 60,E.EssaysEssays(60%)(60%)Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the gradefor this course:Essay 1=10%;Essay 2-15%;Essay 3=15%;Essay 4=20%.GroupGroup AssignmentsAssignments(30%)(30%)Students will work in groups to complete four assignments(作业)duringthe course.All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date throughBlackboard,our online learning and course management system.DailyDaily Work/In-ClassWork/In-Class WritingsWritings andand Test/GroupTest/Group Work/HomeworkWork/Homework(10%)(10%)Class activities will vary from day to day,but students must be readyto complete short in-class writings or tests drawn directly from assignedreadings or notes from the previous class lecture/discussion,so it isimportant to take careful notes during class.Additionally,from time to timeI will assign group work to be completed in class or short assignments to becompleted at home,both of which will be graded.LateLate WorkWorkAn essay not submitted in class on the due date will lose a letter gradefor each class period it is late.If it is not turned in by the 4th day afterthe due date,it will earn a zero.Daily assignments not completed during classwill get a zero.Short writings missed as a result of an excused absence willbe accepted.21.Where is this text probably taken from?A.A textbook.B.An exam paper.C.A course plan.D.An academic article.22.How many parts is a students final grade made up of?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.23.What will happen if you submit an essay one week after the due date?A.You will receive a zero.B.You will lose a letter grade.C.You will be given a test.D.You will have to rewrite it.BLike most of us,I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste.The arugula(芝麻菜)was to make a nice green salad,rounding out a roast chicken dinner.But I ended up working late.Then friends called with a dinner invitation.I stuck the chicken in the freezer.But as days passed,the arugula went bad.Even worse,I had unthinkingly bought way too much;I could have made six saladswith what I threw out.In a world where nearly 800 million people a year go hungry,“food wastegoes against the moral grain,”as Elizabeth Royte writes in this monthscover story.Its jaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away-from“ugly”(but quite eatable)vegetables rejected by grocers to largeamounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans.Producing food that no one eats wastes the water,fuel,and other resourcesused to grow it.That makes food waste an environmental problem.In fact,Roytewrites,“if food waste were a country,it would be the third largest producerof greenhouse gases in the world.”If thats hard to understand,lets keep it as simple as the arugulaat the back of my refrigerator.Mike Curtin sees my arugula story all the time-but for him,its more like 12 boxes of donated strawberries nearing theirlast days.Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington.D.C.,whichrecovers food and turns it into healthy meals.Last year it recovered morethan 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished(有瑕 疵 的)producethatotherwisewouldhaverottedinfields.Andthestrawberries?Volunteers will wash,cut,and freeze or dry them for use inmeals down the road.Such methods seem obvious,yetso often we just dont think.“Everyonecan play a part in reducing waste,whether by not purchasing more food thannecessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include theside dish you wont eat.”Curtin says.24.What does the author want to show by telling the arugula story?A.We pay little attention to food waste.B.We waste food unintentionally at times.C.We waste more vegetables than meat.D.We have good reasons for wasting food.25.What is a consequence of food waste according to the text?A.Moral decline.B.Environmental harm.C.Energy shortage.D.Worldwide starvation.26.What does Curtins company do?A.It produces kitchen equipment.B.It turns rotten arugula into clean fuel.C.It helps local farmers grow fruits.D.It makes meals out of unwanted food.27.What does Curtin suggest people do?A.Buy only what is needed.B.Reduce food consumption.C.Go shopping once a week.D.Eat in restaurants less often.CThe elderly residents(居民)in care homes in London are being given hensto look after to stop them feeling lonely.The project was dreamed up by a local charity(慈 善 组 织)to reduceloneliness and improve elderly peoples wellbeing.It is also being used tohelp patients suffering dementia,a serious illness of the mind.Staff in carehomes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine where hens are in use.Among those taking part in the project is 80-year-old Ruth Xavier.Shesaid:“I used to keep hens when I was younger and had to prepare their breakfasteach morning before I went to school.“I like the project a lot.I am down there in my wheelchair in the morningletting the hens out and down there again at night to see theyve gone tobed.“Its good to have a different focus.People have been bringing theirchildren in to see the hens and residents come and sit outside to watch them.Im enjoying the creative activities,and it feels great to have donesomething useful.”There are now 700 elderly people looking after hens in 20 care homes inthe North East,and the charity has been given financial support to roll itout countrywide.Wendy Wilson,extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street,one of the firsttoembark on the project,said:“Residents really welcome the idea of theproject and the creative sessions.We are looking forward to the benefits andfun the project can bring to people here.”Lynn Lewis,director of Notting Hill Pathways,said:“We are happy tobe taking part in the project.It will really help connect our residents througha shared interest and creative activities.”28.What is the purpose of the project?A.To ensure harmony in care homes.B.To provide part-time jobs for the aged.C.To raise money for medical research.D.To promote the elderly peoples welfare.29.How has the project affected Ruth Xavier?A.She has learned new life skills.B.She has gained a sense of achievement.C.She has recovered her memory.D.She has developed a strong personality.30.What do the underlined words“embark on”mean in paragraph 7?A.Improve.B.Oppose.C.Begin.D.Evaluate.31.What can we learn about the project from the last two paragraphs?A.It is well received.B.It needs to be more creative.C.It is highly profitable.D.It takes ages to see the results.DHuman speech contains more than 2,000 different sounds,from the common“m”and“a”to the rare clicks of some southern African languages.But whyare certain sounds more common than others?A ground-breaking,five-year studyshows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds thatare now found in half the worlds languages.More than 30 years ago,the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speechsounds called labiodentals,such as“f”and“v”,were more common in thelanguages of societies that ate softer foods.Now a team of researchers ledby Damin Blasi at the University of Zurich,Switzerland,has found how andwhy this trend arose.They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient humanadults were aligned(对齐),making it hard to produce labiodentals,whichare formed bytouching the lower lip to the upper teeth.Later,our jawschanged to an overbite structure(结构),making iteasier to produce suchsounds.The team showed that this change in bite was connected with the developmentof agriculture in the Neolithic period.Food becameeasier to chew at thispoint.The jawbone didnt have to do as much work and so didnt grow to beso large.Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a globalchange in the sound of world languages after theNeolithic age,with the useof“f”and“v”increasing remarkably during the last few thousandyears.Thesesoundsarestillnotfoundinthelanguagesofmanyhunter-gatherer people today.This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds werepresent when human beings evolved around 300,000 years ago.“The set ofspeech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearanceof human beings,but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we findtoday is the product of a complex interplay of thingslike biological changeand cultural evolution,”said Steven Moran,a member of the research team.32.Which aspect of the human speech sound does DaminBlasis researchfocus on?A.Its variety.B.Its distribution.C.Its quantity.D.Its development.33.Why was it difficult for ancient human adults to produce labiodentals?A.They had fewer upper teeth than lower teeth.B.They could not open and close their lips easily.C.Their jaws were not conveniently structured.D.Their lower front teeth were not large enough.34.What is paragraph 5 mainly about?A.Supporting evidence for the research results.B.Potential application of the research findings.C.A further explanation of the research methods.D.A reasonable doubt about the research process.35.What does Steven Moran say about the set of human speech sounds?A.It is key to effective communication.B.It contributes much to cultural diversity.C.It is a complex and dynamic system.D.It drives the evolution of human beings.第二节（共 5 小题：每小题 2.5 分。满分 12.5 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Fitness Magazine recentlyran an articletitled“Five Reasons to ThankYour Workout Partner.”One reason was:“Youll actually show up if you knowsomeone is waiting for you at the gym,”while another read:“36”With a workout partner,you will increase your training effort as there isa subtle(微妙)competition.So,how do you find a workout partner?First of all,decide what you want from that person.37Or doyou just want to be physically fit,able to move with strength and flexibility?Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner.You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media,but it probably wont result in a useful response.38If you planon working out in a gym,that person must belong to the same gym.My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park.Hernotice included what kind of training she wanted to do,how many days a weekand how many hours she wanted to spend on each session,and her age.It alsolistedherfavoritesportsandactivities,andprovidedherphonenumber.39Youandyourpartnerwillprobablyhavedifferentskills.40Over time,both of you will benefit-your partner willbe able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit.The core(核心)of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other.A.Your first meeting may be a little awkward.B.A workout partner usually needs to live close by.C.Youll work harder if you train with someone else.D.Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport?E.How can you write a good seeking training partner notice?F.Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.G.Any notice for a training partner should include such information.第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分）第一节（共 15 小题：每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。My husband,our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences overthe past ten years.Some of our41are funny,especially from the early years whenourchildrenwerelittle.Once,we42alongChalkCreek.Iwas43that our 15-month-old boy would fall into the creek(小溪).I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot.That lasted aboutten minutes.He was44,and his crying let the whole campground knowit.So45tyinghimup,Ijustkeptacloseeyeonhim.It46-he didnt end up in the creek.My three-year-old,however,did.Another time,we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake.The sky was clear whenwe47,but storms move in fast in the mountains,and this onequickly48our peaceful morning trip.The49picked upand thunder rolled.My husband stopped fishing to50the motor.Nothing.He tried again.No51.We were stuck in the middle of thelake with a dead motor.As we all sat there52,a fisherman pulledup,threw us a rope and towed(拖)us back.We were53.Now,every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage,wearefilledwitha senseof54,wonderingwhatcampingfunand55we will experience next.41.A.ideasB.jokesC.memoriesD.discoveries42.A.campedB.droveC.walkedD.cycled43.A.annoyedB.surprisedC.disappointedD.worried44.A.unhurtB.unfortunateC.uncomfortableD.unafraid45.A.due toB.instead ofC.apart fromD.as for46.A.workedB.happenedC.matteredD.changed47.A.signed upB.calmed downC.checked outD.headed off48.A.arrangedB.interruptedC.completedD.recorded49.A.windB.noiseC.temperatureD.speed50.A.findB.hideC.startD.fix51.A.luckB.answerC.wonderD.signal52.A.patientlyB.tirelesslyC.doubtfullyD.helplessly53.A.sorryB.braveC.safeD.right54.A.reliefB.dutyC.prideD.excitement55.A.failureB.adventureC.performanceD.conflict第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant PandaNationalPark(GPNP).56(cover)anareaaboutthreetimes57size of Yellowstone National Part,the GPNP will be oneof the first national park in the country.The plan will extend protectionto a significant number of areas that58(be)previously unprotected,bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under oneauthority59(increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies inmanagement.After a three-year pilot period,the GPNP will be officially set up nextyear.TheGPNP60(design)toreflecttheguidingprincipleofprotecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems,preservingbiologicaldiversity,protectingecologicalbufferzones,61leaving behind precious naturalassets(资产)for future generations.The GPNPs main goal is to improveconnectivitybetweenseparate62(population)andhomesofgiantpandas,and63(eventual)achieve a desired level of population in thewild.Giant pandas also serve64an umbrella species(物种),bringingprotection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwesternparts of China.The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for allthe species65live within the Giant Panda Range and significantlyimprove the health of the ecosystem in the area.第四部分 写作（共两节、满分 40 分）第一节（满分 15 分）假定你是校广播站英语节目“Talk and Talk”的负责人李华，请给外教 Caroline写邮件邀请她做一次访谈。内容包括：1.节目介绍；2.访谈的时间和话题。注意：1.写作词数应为 80 左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Dear Caroline,Yours sincerely,Li Hua第二节（满分 25 分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。It was the day of the big cross-country run.Students from seven differentprimary schools in and around the small town were w