译林版牛津英语七年级下册全册Unit5-6单元知识点及语法归纳.docx

七年级英语下册Unit 5 Amazing things一、重点句子及语法amazing adj.令人吃惊的，惊人的(指物)Qmcized Qdj.感到惊讶的(指人)surprised & surprising excited & exciting interested & interesting tired & tiringFish sleep with their eyes open.鱼睁着目艮睛睡觉。with+名词+形容词/介词短语 在句中做伴随状语 with light on with door open with引导的介词短语还可以在句中做定语，其反义词为without (without sth./doing sth.) with还可以表示“用力draw 3-D pictures with chalk 用粉笔画3D图画Our eyes are the same size from birth, but our nose and ears never stop growing.我们的眼睛和 出生时一样大，但是我们的鼻子和耳朵从没有停止生长。the same size 一样的尺寸look the same看起来一样stop doing sth.停止做某事 stop to do sth,停下来去做另一件事stop sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做 某事Stop(talk)! Lef s begin our class now.r m too tired. Let' s stop(work)(have) a rest, shall we?1. The sun is about 1,300,000 times larger than the Earth.太阳的体积大约是地球的 130 万倍。I am two years older than my sister.我比我妹妹大两岁。 我哥哥比我高5厘米。2. reply (replies/replied) reply to sb. /sth. 对作出回答=answer sb./sth.He failed to reply to my question.他没能回答我的问题。3. hear listen sound 辨析 hear of 听说hear强调听到的结果或内容，listen强调听的过程sound听起来，是系动词+odj.Did you anything strange?to the teacher carefully in class.Your idea good.7deave (left) (I) leave v.离开.leove +出发地+for+目的地 leove sth.+地点 把遗忘在某地8 .hcippen (偶然)发生.sth happened to sb 某人发生某事 sb. happen to do sth.某人碰巧做某事.search v.搜寻 search for =look for =hunt for寻找(强调过程)search +地点+for+物 在某个地方找 某物10. surprised odj.吃惊的surprise vt.使惊讶 或作n.惊喜，令人惊讶的事 be surprised to do sth.做某事很惊讶be surprised cit sth.对某事(物)感到惊讶to one's surprise 使某人吃惊的是，作插入语。eg. To his surprise, he failed the exam.11. He can write with one hand and draw with the other at the same tim.他可以同时一只手写字， 另一只手画onethe other "(两者中的)一个另一个”other Qdj.其他的+复数名词常用。thers在具体语境中指代“其他的人或事物”another adj.& adv.另一，又一强调“再，又”the others在具体的语境中特指其他的人或事物eg. We should be friendly to people.Mr. Sun has two sons. One is a doctor,is a teacher.There are many beautiful flowers on side of the river.Students shouldn' t copy homework.I will be busy tomorrow. Lef s make it time.Some of the students are hard-working, but how about?12.1 am not afraid of animals any more = I am no more afraid of animals.我不再害怕动物了。notQnymore 不再，再也不You shouldn' t play computer games any more.你不应该再玩电脑游戏了。二、重点短语与句型1 .look at the bright lights on the plane 看看飞机上的亮灯2 .as usual 和平常一样 say (said) to himself 他自言自语3 . on oneJ s/ the way to sp. 在去某地的路上on one5 s/ the way home/ here/ there4 . pick up pick it/ them up 捡起、拾起5 .run away quickly 迅速逃跑 live on the ground 生活在陆地上6 .travel around the world by bicycle 骑自行车环游世界7 .c mcr ccilled/ncimed+姓名 一个名叫的人 stop for mecils停下来吃饭8 .become popular all over the world 在全世界变得很受欢迎9 .Qtleost至少 turn around转身turn on/off打开/关掉 turn up/down把声音调大/调小10 . as large as和样大 be weak in sth.在某方面差stranger陌生人三、语法复习一般过去时I、一般过去时的基本用法1、带有确定的过去时间状语如：yesterday, yesterday morning, two days ago, last year, the other day （前几天），once upon a time, just now, in the old days （过去的日子里）等时要用过去时。如： Did you have a party the other day?前几天，你们开了晚会了吗？2、表示过去连续发生的动作时，要用过去时。这种情况下，往往没有表示过去时间的状语，而是通过上下 文表示。如：First I finished my homework. Then I played the piano. Next I watered the plants. After that, I watched a film on TV with my father. 首先我完成了作业，接着我弹了钢琴，然后给植物浇了水，那 以后我和父亲在电视上看了一部电影。3、表示过去一段时间内经常或反复的动作，常与olwoys, never连用。如：Mrs Green always carried an umbrella. 格林太太过去老是带着一把伞。（说明是过去的动作，不表明 她现在是否带着伞）Ils动词过去式的构成规则（1）规则动词的过去式的构成在动词原形后直接加 ed。如：listenlistened openopenedfinishfinished以不发音的 e 结尾的加 d。如：likelikedclosecloseduseused重读闭音节末尾仅有一个辅音字母的，先双写这个辅音字母，再加ed。如：dropdropped planplanned stopstopped以辅音字母+y结尾的，先变y为i再加ed。如：worryworriedstudystudied(2)不规则动词的过去式不规则动词的过去式要多下功夫，才能牢记不忘。如：costcostputputcomecame ringrangmakemade sendsentdodidbuybought一般过去时的用法简介：a.表示过去的动作或状态，常和明确的过去时间状语连用，如：yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, three days ago, in 1998,just now, the other day 等，或与由 when 引导的从句。b.还有不规则动词的过去式需牢记书后的表七年级英语下册Unit 6 Outdoor fun一、重点词组1、hurry up 快点，赶快9、put up our tent 搭我们的帐蓬2、go through the door 通过门10、fly kites 放风筝3、go riding 去骑马1 lx use bamboo to make kites 用竹子做风筝4s putinto把放进12、make a bird out of wood 用木头做鸟5、sit by a river坐在河边13、from then on从那时起6、on the other side 在另一边14、from now on从现在起7、run across跑着穿过15、make paper 造纸 make money 挣钱8、jump down a big hole 跳进一个大洞16. runcifter 追赶 get away 逃脱；离开二、重要句型1、Hurry up, Eddie. 快点，埃迪！hurry up 意为“快点”。如：Hurry up, or you will be late. 快些，不然要迟到了。(1) huryto+地点 意为“赶往某地"，如：Betty hurried to the garden.贝蒂急忙奔向花园。(2) (be) in dhurry意为“匆忙地;仓促地”.(3) hurry to do sth. 急忙做某事2、Hobo, carry it for me. 霍波，帮我拿包吧。辩异bring, carry 和 tokebring表示“拿来”(从远到近)take表示“拿走”(从近到远)cony表示“搬、运”me my food here, please.You can read the book here but you can' t it home.Trains more things than trucks.3、 You complain too much.你抱怨太多了。 comploin to sb. cibout sth.向某人抱怨某事He complained the teachers. He complained his child' s bad grades.too much “太多”修饰不可数名词或修饰动词表程度too many “太多”修饰名词复数 much too “太”修饰形容词或副词You shouldnJ t eat meat. I' m afraid you eat.Jim put books into his schoolbag, so it is heavy now.4x It took a watch out of its pocket and looked at the time,它从口袋里拿出一块表看了看时间。take A out of B意为“从B物品中拿出A"。 moke A out of B意为“用B物品制作A物品”5、Alice fell for a long time, and then she hit the ground.爱丽丝掉了很长一段时间，接着她撞到了地面。(1) fall作动词，意为“倒下；跌下；落下”，其过去式为fell。如：Jack fell into the water and got wet. 杰克掉进水里，全身都湿透了。fall down 倒下；落下 foil asleep 入睡fall off从掉下fall behind落后；落在的后面(2) hit作动词，意为“打；敲；撞；击中' 过去式hit.hit sb in the foce/on the head 意为"打某人的脸/头”，如：Simon hit Jack in the face.西蒙打了杰克的脸。6、She found herself alone in a long, low hall. 她发现她自己单独在一个长的低矮的大厅里。(1) Qlone用作形容词，意为“单独的”，只作表语。如：Robinson was alone on the island. 罗宾逊一人在岛上。(2) Qlone用作副词，意为“单独地；独自"。=by oneself on oneJ sown如：The old woman lived alone in the mountain village.这位老妇单独一人住在那个山村。lonely只作Qdj.孤独的，寂寞的，强调内心感受。eg. The old woman doesn' t feel although she lives.7、 Alice tried to go through the door, but she was too big.try to do sth.努力做某事try doing sth.尝试做某事try on 试穿have a try 试一下try/do one' s best to do sth.尽某人最大的努力去做某事8、He practised playing volleyball with his friends. 他和他的朋友练习打排球。practise sth./doing sth. eg. practise basketball = practise playing basketballWe should practise English every day.我们应该每天训练说英语。9、We put up a tent near a lake.我在湖旁搭起了帐蓬。(put 过去式 put)(1) put 动词，意为“放；置”。如：Please put your shoes under the bed. 请把鞋放在床下。(2) put up意为“举起；建起；住宿”如：Those who want to see the film put up your hands.想看电影的人,请举手。10、Weifang, a city in Shandong Province, has become famous for making kites from then on. 潍坊-山东省的一个城市，从那时起因制造风筝变得出名了。from then on意为“从那时起' 与一般过去时连用from now on 意为“从现在起” 与一般将来时连用11、Alice had to go back to the table, but she was too small to reach the key.爱丽丝不得不回到那张桌子，但她太小够不到那把钥匙。too to意为"太而不能%短语中to。是副词，后接形容词或副词；to是动词不定式的符 号，后接动词原形。如：The story is too difficult for me to understand. 这个故事太难，我无法理解。He walked too slowly to catch up with me.他走路太慢而能不能跟上我。三、语法复习I 一般过去时的句型见下表:一般过去时(II)动词 种类句型例句to be肯定句：主语+ be的过去式 (was, were) .1 was very tried last night.我昨天晚上很累。否定句：主语+ be的过去式 (was, were) + not.1 wasn' t busy the other day.前几天我不忙。疑问句：be的过去式(wos, were) + 主语 + . ?Was your mother free this morning?一今天上午你妈妈有空吗？Yes, she was./No she wasnJ t 一是的，她有空。/不，她没有空。to do肯定句：主语+动词的过去 式+.She studied Russian two years ago. 她两年前学过俄语。否定句：主语+ did not + 动词原形+.H dicin' t have classes this morning. 他今天上午没课。疑问句：Did+主语+动词 原形+ .?Did he go there? 一他去那里了吗？Yes, he did./Noz he didnJ t.一是的，他去了。/不，他没有去。II与一般过去时经常搭配的时间状语有：1、 yesterday 或由其构成的短语。如：yesterday morning, the day before yesterday 等。2、由 lost 开头构成的短语。: last year, last month3、由 ogo 结尾构成的短语。如：a moment ago, an hour ago4、由“介词+过去时间”构成的短语。$n： in 2002, at the time5、this week, this year, today等也可与一般过去时连用，但它们必须指过去，决不包括“现在”在内。6、其他词。如：then, just now, once 等。此外，也可以根据上下文或语境所暗示的时间来判断出一般过去时。$0 ： I saw him in the street.