2023年湖南省衡阳市衡南县中考英语一模试卷（附答案详解）.docx

2023年湖南省衡阳市衡南县中考英语一模试卷三思而后行Several days ago, in a psychology (心理学)class, the teacher asked the students to share something that influenced them.One girl said one of her friends had said something that hurt (1) feelings and she was really sad about it.She didn't know how to deal with it.The teacher (2) to her office to get a tube of toothpaste (一管牙膏).She let the students (3) the tube in her hand.Then she squeezed (挤压)it and some toothpaste came out.She then tried to put the toothpaste back in the tube, (4) it just created a mess.The teacher then told the students." This toothpaste was like the (5) you speak.Once you say something, you will find it (6) to take it back.So you need to think before you speak.” Then the teacher continued, " Speaking is a social (7) required for living a successful life.However, many people are (8) with their words, which hold much power.They can create a helpful or hurtful result in our world.The problem is, once words come out of your (9) , saying Tm sony won't make them go back in.”Thinking before you speak allows you to have time to (10) the influence of your words.Words can easily hurt other people.And once you do, you can't take it back.1. A. her B. my C. your2. A. came B. returnedC. brought5. A. lies B. jokes6. A.impossible7. A.problem8. A.satisfied9. A.mouth10. A. consider3. A. look atB. look for C. look through4. A. so B. or C. butC. wordsB. importantC. simpleB. skill C. chanceB. strict C. carelessB. ear C. eyeB. controlC. forget11. London is the shopping capital of the world.Every year, millions of visitors all over the worlddo shopping here. (1) Just have a look at the famous shopping places in London.At HarrodsKnights bridge is famous for upmarket (高端的)shopping.Rich and famous people like shopping here. (2) At HamleysIt's the biggest toy shop in the world.You can buy almost any toys you like. (3) （10）考查动词。句意：说话之前先思考可以让你有时间考虑你的话的影响。A.consider考虑；B.control控制；C.forget忘记。根据Thinking before you speak allows you to have time to.the influence of your words.（说话之前先思考 可以让你有时间你的话的影响。）结合选项可知，说话之前先思考可以让你有时间考虑你的话 的影响。故选A。本文以挤牙膏的例子告诉我们，说话要三思而行。解答完形填空题需要快速阅读全文，了解文章大意，再带着选项去读，边读边做，注意联系上下 文。11【答案】【小题1】B【小题2】F【小题3】C【小题4】D【小题5】A【解析】细节推理题。（1） 根据前句 London is the shopping capital of the world.Every year,millions of visitors all over the world do shopping here.（伦敦是世界购物之都。每年，全世界有数百 万游客在这里购物。）可知说的是人们都到伦敦购物，结合选项，应说”是什么让在这里购物这么 棒？ ”故选B。（2）根据前句Rich and famous people like shopping here.（富人和名人都喜欢在这里购物。）可知 说的是富人和名人，结合选项，应说“所以你很容易在这里遇到名人。”故选F。（3）根据前句 It's the biggest toy shop in the world.You can buy almost any toys you like.（这是世界 上最大的玩具店。你几乎可以买到任何你喜欢的玩具。）可知说的是玩具店，结合选项，应说” 孩子们当然喜欢这里。”故选C。（4）根据后句 With over 300 shops, it's one of the largest shopping centers in Europe.（这里有 300 多家商店，是欧洲最大的购物中心之一。）可知说的是商店很多，结合选项，应说”它有超过两公 里的商店可供选择。”故选D。（5）根据前句Great shopping isnt just about big shops.（伟大的购物不仅仅是大商店。）可知说的 是大小商店，结合选项，应说”小商店也可以提供一些特别的东西。”故选A。短文介绍了世界购物之都一一伦敦。做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，保证上下文意思通顺，结合选项选 出正确答案。12. L 答案【小题 1 To offer all the students a chance to get to know each other.【小题 2】She suggested that every student could bring a dish and hold a dinner night.【小题3】Yes, she did.【小题 4】She brought beef and Ethiopian bread.小题 5 It was a great success.【解析】细节理解题。（1）根据第一段Her class planned to hold a food sharing activity so that all the students could have a chance to get to kn ow each other.（她的班级计划举办一场食物分享活动，让所有的学生都有机会相互了解。）可知， 是为了让所有的学生都有机会相互了解。故填T。offer all the students a chance to get to know each other.（2）根据第二段 She suggested that every student could bring a dish and hold a dinner night.（她建议 每个学生都可以带一道菜，举办一个晚餐之夜。）可知，她建议每个学生都可以带一道菜，举办一个晚餐之夜。故填 She suggested that every student could bring a dish and hold a dinner night.（3）根据第三段"That's a great idea.This is the first time we have held this activity.,'Amy,s teacher, Mrs.Green said happily, "Let's call it 'Dinner Around the World"'.（"这是个好主意。这是我们第一次 举办这样的活动。”艾米的老师，格林老师高兴地说：“我们就叫它环球晚餐'吧。”）可知，老师采 纳了她的建议。故填Yes, she did.（4）根据第四段 Amy's friend Amina was from Ethiopia, an African country.She brought beef and Ethiopian bread.（艾米的朋友阿米娜来自非洲国家埃塞俄比 亚。她带来了牛肉和埃塞俄比亚面包。）可知，她带来了牛肉和埃塞俄比亚面包。故填 She brought beef and Ethiopian bread.（5）根据最后一段The activity was a great success.（这次活动非常成功。）可知，这次活动非常 成功。故填 It was a great success.本文主要讲述了艾米的学校举办了一场特殊的食物分享活动。答阅读题时，先弄清楚短文的主旨大意和文章的脉络，然后在文章中找到对应的信息，得出正确 答案。1317.【答案】A、B、C、C、A【解析】（1）细节理解题。依据第一段First, don*t put off （延误）studying.（首先，不要延误学 习。）可知，好的学习习惯是不能延误学习。故选A。（2）词义猜测题。依据第二段 For example, if you read 20 pages of the book,you can play one computer game.But only one.（例如，如果你读了 20页的书，你可以玩一次电脑游 戏。但只能玩一次。）可知，此处指对你读书的奖励，因此"reward”的意思是"Do something you like”。故选Bo（3）细节理解题。依据第三段Third,stay in a quiet place and turn off your mobile phone.Then you can put your heart into /our study.（第三， 待在一个安静的地方，关掉手机。然后你就可以全身心地投入到学习中。）可知，在一个安静的 地方可以帮助你更好地学习。故选C。（4）细节理解题。依据第四段Try to sleep more than eight hours a night （尽量每晚睡8小时以上。） 可知，每晚要保持8个多小时的睡眠。故选C。（5）细节理解题o 依据第一段 In fact you need good study habits and study a little every day.（事实 上，你需要良好的学习习惯，每天学习一点。）可知，每天学习一点对你的学习有好处。故选A。 本文主要是给学生提供了一些关于如何更好地学习的建议。通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选 择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。1822.【答案】C、B、C、B、C【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段According to a report by the ISRC in 1997,great changes about saving the Earth can be made simply by avoiding bad habits.（根据 ISRC 在 1997 年的一份报告，拯救地球的巨大变化可以通过简单地避免坏习惯来实现。）可知拯救地球的巨大 变化可以通过简单地避免坏习惯来实现，故选C。（2）细节理解题。根据文中 Try not to buy single - use things, such as chopsticks.（尽量不要买一 次性用品，比如筷子。）可知选项C表述正确。根据文中Walk or cycle more.（多走路或骑自行车。） 可知选项A表述正确，可知如果想保护环境，不应该让灯开着，故选B。（3）推理判断题。根据文中Put empty bottles in a bottle bank.（把空瓶子放在瓶子库中。）可知汤 姆帮忙把空瓶子拣进瓶子库是更环保的人，故选C。（4）推理判断题。根据第一段 According to a report by the ISRC in 1997,great changes about saving the Earth can be made simply by avoiding bad habits. （1艮据 ISRC 在 1997 年的一份报告，拯救地球的巨大变化可以通过简单地避免坏习惯来实现。）可推知节约世界资源 是我们的责任，故选B。（5）主旨大意题。根据标题How to become more environmentally friendly.（如何变得更环保。） 可知本文主要告诉人们如何过更环保的生活，故选C。本文主要介绍了如何更环保地生活，通过避免不良习惯来保护地球。文章列举了一些具体的方法， 通过这些方法，我们可以为保护地球做出巨大的贡献。通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选 择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。2327.【答案】B、B、A、C、A【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据 After scientists used data（数据）on 370,000 people, covering 12 years, they found about 9, 000 developed heart disease.（在研究了 37万人12年的数据后，科学家发现约 有9000人患上了心脏病。）可知研究持续了 12年。故选B。（2）理解判断题。根据However,they found that people without such genes watching more than four hours of TV every day were also at t he greatest risk of heart disease.People spending 2 to 3 hours a day watching TV had a 6% lower risk. An d those who watched less than an hour had a 16%lower risk.The scientists of the research team finally found cutting TV watching time to less than an hour a day could prevent 10% of heart disease.（然而，他们发现，没有这种基因的人每天看电视超过4 小时，患心脏病的风险也最大。每天看2到3小时电视的人患病风险降低6%。而那些看电视时间 少于一小时的人患病风险降低了 16%o研究小组的科学家们最终发现，每天看电视的时间减少到 一小时以下可以预防10%的心脏病。）可推知看电视时间越少，健康风险越低。故选B。（3）词义猜测题。根据前文 So, if people want to watch TV longer, standing up and moving the body, orhanging out will work.（所以，如果人们想看更长时间的电视，站起来活动活动身体，或者出去 闲逛都可以。）可知此处意为但限制他们看电视的时间可能是帮助他们避免未来可能出现的心脏 问题的一个更有用的方法。故选A。（4）文章来源题。根据 Recently, a study （研究），published in BMC Medicine,found that sitting in front of the TV for a long time was a risk for people's health.（最近，发表在BMC 医学杂志上的一项研究发现，长时间坐在电视机前对人们的健康有风险。）及全文可知文章介 绍研究表明长时间坐在电视机前对人们的健康有风险，结合选项，可知文章最可能来自于报纸。 故选Co（5）主旨大意题。根据However,they found that people without such genes watching more than four hours of TV every day were also at t he greatest risk of heart disease.People spending 2 to 3 hours a day watching TV had a 6% lower risk.An d those who watched less than an hour had a 16%lower risk.The scientists of the research team finally found cutting TV watching time to less than an hour a day could prevent 10% of heart disease.（然而，他们发现，没有这种基因的人每天看电视超过4 小时，患心脏病的风险也最大。每天看2到3小时电视的人患病风险降低6%。而那些看电视时间 少于一小时的人患病风险降低了 16%o研究小组的科学家们最终发现，每天看电视的时间减少到 一小时以下可以预防10%的心脏病。）及全文可知文章介绍研究表明长时间坐在电视机前对人们 的健康有风险。故选A。文章介绍研究表明长时间坐在电视机前对人们的健康有风险。在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真辨析选项，仔细推敲，确 定最佳答案。28【答案】【小题1】angerous【小题2】Thick【小题3】include【小题4 n【小题5】ucceed【解析】（1）考查形容词。句意：登山是世界上最危险的运动之一，而最受欢迎的地方之一就是 喜马拉雅山。根据Himalayas可知，登山是世界上最危险的运动之一，结合首字母，此处用形容 词 dangerous”危险的"，修饰 sportso故填 dangerouso（2）考查形容词。句意：厚厚的云层覆盖了顶部，雪下得很厉害。更严重的困难包括寒冷的天气 和暴风雨。thick”厚的"，修饰名词clouds,位于句首首字母大写。故填Thick。（3）考查动词。句意：厚厚的云层覆盖了顶部，雪下得很厉害。更严重的困难包括寒冷的天气和 暴风雨。include”包括”，此处以一般现在时叙事，主语为复数，因此填动词原形。故填include。（4）考查介词。句意：当你接近山顶时，也很难吸入空气。根据as you get near the top.（当你接 近山顶时。）可知，接近山顶时很难吸入空气，结合首字母，此处填in, take in”让进入二 故 填in。（5）考查动词。句意：中国代表队于1960年首次成功，而第一个成功的女子是1975年来自日本 的田部淳子。根据The first Chinese team did so in 1960 （中国代表队于1960年首次成功）可知， 此处指第一个成功的日本女子，结合首字母，此处用动词succeed”成功"，the first to do sth”第一个 做某事的人”，因此填动词原形。故填succeed。本文主要介绍了攀登者征服珠穆朗玛峰的相关情况。通读全文，在理解文意的基础上，根据提示信息填入合适的词，并用其正确形式填空，使语法正 确，语句通顺。29,【答案】【小题1】models【小题2】graduating【小题3 up【小题4】their【小题 5 development小题6 to visit小题 7 villagers小题8 Luckily【小题9】swept【小题 10 Although/Though【解析】（1）考查名词。句意：黄文秀是时代的楷模之一。oneof+名词复数，表示“之一二 该空用复数形式。故填models。（2）考查动名词。句意：2016年从北京师范大学毕业后，黄回到了家乡。graduate from毕业于, 是固定搭配；After是介词，后接动名词。故填graduating。（3）考查副词。句意：我在一个山区长大，那里有很多人生活贫困。growup长大，是固定搭配。 故填叩。（4）考查代词。句意：我所希望的就是尽自己的一份力量来改变他们的生活。根据前句I grew.in a mountainous area where quite a number of people live in poverty.（我在个山区长大，MP 里有很多人生活贫困。）可知I,她想改变他们的生活，用形容词性物主代词their （他们的）修饰 名词lives （生活）。故填their。（5）考查名词。句意：很长一段时间以来，她一直为村子的发展担心。分析句子可知，该处用 develop的名词形式development （发展）,是不可数名词，作介词about的宾语。故填developmento（6）考查动词不定式。句意：她花了两个月的时间走访了村里的195户贫困户。Ittakes.todo sth. 花时间做某事，是固定句型，所以该空用动词不定式。故填t。visit。（7）考查名词。句意：黄鼓励村民种植砂糖橘和许多其他植物，并帮助他们在网上销售产品。根 据后句them （他们）可知，该空用复数形式。故填villagers。（8）考查副词。句意：幸运的是，在黄的辛勤劳动下，418人摆脱了贫困。位于句首，逗号隔开， 用luck的副词形式luckily,单词首字母要大写。故填Luckily。（9）考查动词。句意:当她开车回去上班的时候，她被洪水冲走了。根据by the flood （被洪水） 可知，是被洪水冲走了，sweep away冲走，该处用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为wasdone, sweep的过去分词是swept。故填swept。（10）考查连词。句意：虽然她去世了，但那里的山川不会忘记她，那里的人民不会忘记她。根 据.she passed away, the mountains and rivers there will not forget her,and the people there will not forget her.（她去世了，但那里的山川不会忘记她，那里的人民不会忘记她。）可知，该空用although/though引导让步状语从句，位于句首，单词首字母大写。故填 Although/Though。本文主要介绍了时代楷模黄文秀的感人事迹。题目考查学生对语法知识的掌握及对语篇的理解能力。做题时，要根据题干中的相关提示来确定 空缺处单词的词意及词性，然后考虑是否要对单词进行变形，从而得出正确答案。30.【答案】【小题 1 】May I ask you some questions【小题 2】What's your dream【小题 3 】Why do you want to be the Minister of Education【小题 4 What will you do to help them【小题 5 】I hope your dream will come true【解析】（1）根据前句Excuse me, I am a r叩orter from CCTV.（打扰一下，我是中央电视台的记 者。）以及下句Sure, please.（当然，请问。）可知，记者想问对方几个问题，会说“我可以问你 几个问题吗”。在希望对方回答yes的一般疑问句中保持用some而不用any。故填May I ask you some questions o（2）根据下句I want to be the Minister of Education （教育部长）.（我想当教育部长。）可知,记 者在问对方"你的梦想是什么二 故填Whafs your dreamo（3）根据下句答语Because I want to help the left-behind children （留守儿童）.（因为我想帮助留 守儿童。）可知，记者问B”为什么想当教育部长二故填Why do you want to be the Minister of Education o（4）根据下句答语I will set up more schools in the city.（我将在这个城市建立更多的学校。）可知, 记者会问B”会做些什么来帮助留守儿童”。故填What will you do to help them。（5）根据下句Thank you.（谢谢你。）可知，在采访的最后，记者祝愿对方可以实现梦想。故填 I hope your dream will come true。对话是中央电视台的记者A对B进行采访，问了 B关于梦想的问题。 做题时首先通读对话，了解主题和人物关系，再根据上下文作答。31.1答案】 Good morning,everybody.Let me share with you the ideas in our group about how to stay safe online.（弓| 入话题）In today's increasingly advanced network informatization, it is very important for us teenagers to use the internet safely and healthily.【高分句型一Firstly, we should not disclose personal information, such as home address, ID card information, etc.（不7世露个人信息、）Secondly, we will never visit any bad websites because it is not good for to our growth.（不访问不良 网站）Thirdly, we cannot meet netizens casually.lt may put us in danger.If it is necessary for us to meet netizens, we must be accompanied by parents or teachers,【高分句型二】（不随意与网友见面）Especially, we should upload positive energy on the internet.Thafs all, thank you.【解析】【高分句型一】In today*s increasingly advanced network informatization, it is very important for us teenagers to use the internet safely and healthily.在网络信息化日益发达的今天，我们青少年安全健康地使用互联网非常 重要。It is +形容词+for sb to do sth淇中it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式。 【高分句型二】If it is necessary for us to meet netizens, we must be accompanied by parents or teachers.如果我们有必 要与网友见面，我们必须有家长或老师陪同。if如果，引导条件状语从句。能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连 贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。At Oxford StreetLondon's Oxford Street is really wonderful. (4) With over 300 shops, it*s one of the largest shopping centers in Europe.At Lock'sGreat shopping isn'tjust about big shops. (5) Lock's sells gentlemen's must- have fashion： the hat.Their hats are famous all over the world.A.Smaller shops can offer (提供)something special, too.B.What makes shopping here so great?C.Of course children like here.D.It has got over two kilo meters of shops to choose from.E.You can go there with your family.F.So it's easy for you to meet someone famous here.12. Amy was studying in a middle school.Her class planned to hold a food sharing activity so that all the students could have a chance to get to know each other.Amy knew that many of her classmates' families were from different countries around the world.They had many special traditions, spoke many different languages and ate many different kinds of foods.Amy had a good idea.She suggested that every student could bring a dish and hold a dinner night.Amy knew that their parents would be glad to take part in it."Thats a great idea.This is the first time we have held this activity.nAmy*s teacher, Mrs.Green said happily, "Let's call it 'Dinner Around the World1,1.Amy's friend Amina was from Ethiopia, an African country.She brought beef and Ethiopian bread.Juan was from Mexico and she brought rice with cheese.The delicious rice tasted much better with cheese.The activity was a great success.Everyone enjoyed seeing, smelling and tasting foods from so many different cultures.(1) Why did the class plan to hold a food sharing activity? (2) What was Amy's suggestion? (3) Did Amy's teacher support her idea? (4) What did Amina bring to the dinner? (5) How was the activity? D阅读短文，从所给的三个选项中选出最佳选项。Do you know how to study better? Let me give you some advice about studying.First, don't put off （延 误）studying.Many students do that.Then they have to cram （死记硬背）the night be-fore the exam.In fact you need good study habits and study a little every day.This way, you will prepare （准备） better for the exams.Second, plan rewards into your study time.For example, if you read 20 pages of the book, you can play one computer game.But only one.Third, stay in a quiet place and turn off your mobile phone.Then you can put your heart into /our study. Last, believe it or not, sleeping is part of studying.lt can help you learn better.Try to sleep more than eight hours a night.Take the advice, and you will study better.13. What is a good study habit? A. Not putting off