2018河南高考英语真题及答案.pdf
20182018 河南高考英语真题及答案河南高考英语真题及答案（考试时间：120 分钟试卷满分：150 分）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分第一部分听力听力(共两节，满分共两节，满分 3030 分分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A.19.15.B.9.18.C.9.15.答案是 C。1.What will James do tomorrow?A.Watch a TV program.B.Give atalk.C.Write a report.2.What can we say about the woman?A.Shes generous.B.Shes curious.C.Shes helpful.3.When does the train leave?A.At 6:30.B.At8:30.C.At10:30.4.How does the womango to work?A.By car.B.On foot.C.By bike.5.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A.Classmates.B.Teacher and student.C.Doctor and patient.第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。6.What does the woman regret?A.Giving up her research.B.Dropping out of college.C.Changingher major.7.What is the woman interested in studying now?A.Ecology.B.Education.C.Chemistry.听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。8.What is the man?A.A hotel manager.B.A tour guide.C.Ataxidriver.9.What is the man doing for the woman?A.Looking for some local foods.B.Showing her around the seaside.C.Offering information about a hotel.听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。10.Where does the conversation probably take place?A.Inan office.B.AthomeC.Atarestaurant.11.What will the speakers do tomorrow evening?A.Goto a concert.B.Visita friend.C.Workextra hours.12.Who is Alice going to call?A.Mike.B.Joan.C.Catherine.听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。13.Why does the woman meet the man?A.To look at an apartment.B.To deliver some furniture.C.To have a meal together.14.What does the woman like about the carpet?A.Its color.B.Its design.C.Itsquality.15.What does the man say about the kitchen?A.Its a good size.B.Its newly painted.C.Itsadequately equipped.16.What will the woman probably do next?A.Go downtown.B.Talk with her friend.C.Makepayment.听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。17.Who is the speakerprobably talking to?A.Movie fans.B.News reporters.C.College students.18.When did the speaker take Englishclasses?A.Before he left his hometown.B.After he came to America.C.When he was 15 years old.19.How does the speaker feel about his teacher?A.Hes proud.B.Hes sympathetic.C.Hesgrateful.20.What does the speaker mainly talk about?A.How education shaped his life.B.How his language skills improved.C.How he managed his business well.第二部分阅读理解第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分共两节，满分 4040 分分)第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A AWashingtonWashington,D.C.D.C.BicycleBicycle ToursToursCherryCherry BlossomBlossom BikeBike TourTour inin Washington,Washington,D.C.D.C.Duration TourThis small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see a world-famous cherry treeswith beautiful flowers of Washington,D.C.Your guide will provide a history lessonabout the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom.Reserve your spot beforeavailability the cherry blossomsdisappear!WashingtonWashington CapitalCapital MonumentsMonuments BicycleBicycle TourTourDuration:3 hours(4 miles)Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments inWashington,D.C.Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as yourguidesharesuniquefactsandhistoryateachstop.Guidedtourincludesbike,helmet,cookies and bottled water.CapitalCapital CityCity BikeBike TourTour i in n Washington,D.C.Washington,D.C.Duration:3 hoursMorning or Afternoon,this bike tour is the perfect tour for D.C.newcomers andlocalslookingtoexperienceWashington,D.C.inahealthywaywithminimumeffort.Knowledgeable guideswill entertain you with the most,interesting storiesabout Presidents,Congress,memorials,and parks.Comfortable bikes and a smoothtour route(路线）make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.WashingtonWashington CapitalCapital SitesSites atat NightNight BicycleBicycle TourTourDuration:3 hours(7miles)Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart ofWashington,D.C.Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sitesof Capitol Hill andthe National Mall.Frequent stops are made for photo taking asyour guide offers unique facts and history.Tour includes bike,helmet,and bottledwater.All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.21.Whichtour do you need to book in advance?A.Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington,D.C.B.Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.C.Capital City Bike Tour in Washington,D.C.D.Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.22.What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour?A.Meet famous people.B.Go to a national park.C.Visit well-known museums.D.Enjoy interesting stories.23.Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide?A.City maps.B.Cameras.C.Meals.D.Safety lights.B BGood Morning Britains Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofaeverymorning,but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role showing familieshow to preparedelicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget.InSave Money:Good Food,she visits a different home each week and with the helpofchef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste,while preparingrecipes forunder 5 per family a day.And theGood Morning Britainpresenter saysshes been able toput a lot of what shes leant into practice in her ownhome,preparing meals for sons,Sam,14,Finn,13,and Jack,11.We love Mexican churros,so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeawayrestaurant,she explains.I pay 5 for a portion(一份),but Matt makes them for26p a portion,because they are flour,water,sugar and oil.Everybody can buy takeawayfood,but sometimes were not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves.The eight-part series(系列节目),Save Money:Good Food,follows in the footstepsof ITVsSave Money:GoodHealth,which gave viewers advice on how to get value fromthevast range of health products on the market.With food our biggest weekly household expense,Susanna and Matt spend time withadifferent family each week.In tonights Easter special they come to the aid ofa family in needof some delicious inspiration on a budget.The team transforms thefamilys long weekend ofcelebration with less expensive but still tasty recipes.24.What do we know about Susanna Reid?A.She enjoys embarrassing her guests.B.She has started a newprogramme.C.She dislikes working early inthemorning.D.She has had a tightbudget for her family.25.How does Matt Tebbutt help Susanna?A.He buys cooking materials for her.B.He prepares food forher kids.C.He assists her in cooking matters.D.He invites guestfamilies for her.26.What does the author intend to do in paragraph 4?A.Summarize the previous paragraphs.B.Providesomeadvicefor the readers.C.Add some background information.D.Introduce a new topicfor discussion.27.What can be a suitable title for the text?A.Keeping Fit by Eating SmartB.BalancingOurDailyDietC.Making yourself a PerfectChefD.Cooking Well for LessC CLanguages have been coming and going for thousands of years,but in recent timestherehas been less coming and a lot more going.When the world was still populatedbyhunter-gatherers,small,tightly knit(联系)groups developed their own patternsof speech independent of each other.Some language experts believe that 10,000 yearsago,when theworld had just five to ten million people,they spoke perhaps 12,000languages between them.Soon afterwards,many of those people started settling down to become farmers,andtheir languages too became more settled and fewer in number.In recent centuries,trade,industrialisation,the development of the nation-state and the spread ofuniversal compulsoryeducation,especially globalisation and better communicationsin the past few decades,allhave caused many languages todisappear,and dominantlanguages such as English,Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.At present,the world has about 6,800 languages.The distribution of theselanguages ishugely uneven.The general rule is that mild zones have relatively fewlanguages,oftenspoken by many people,while hot,wet zones have lots,often spokenby small numbers.Europehas only around 200languages;the Americas about1,000;Africa 2 400;and Asia andthe Pacific perhaps 3,200,of which Papua New Guinea aloneaccounts for well over 800.Themedian number(中位数)of speakers is a mere 6,000,which means that half the worldslanguages are spoken by fewer people than that.Already well over 400 of the total of,6,800 languages are close to extinction(消亡),with only a few elderly speakers left.Pick,at random,Busuu in Cameroon(eightremainingspeakers),ChiapanecoinMexico(150),LipanApacheintheUnitedStates(two or three)or Wadjigu in Australia(one,with a question-mark):none ofthese seems to have much chance of survival.28.What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times?A.They developed very fast.B.They were large in number.C.They had similar patterns.D.They were closely connected.29.Which of the following best explainsdominant underlined in paragraph 2？A.Complex.B.Advanced.C.Powerful.D.Modern.30.How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present?A.About 6,800B.About 3,400C.About 2,400D.About 1,20031.What is the main idea of the text?A.New languages will be created.B.Peoples lifestyles are reflected in languages.C.Human development results in fewer languages.D.Geography determines language evolution.D DWe may think were a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the firstsight of something shiny and new,but a new study shows that we keep using our olddevices(装置)well after they go out of style.Thats bad news for the environmentand our walletsas theseoutdated devices consume much more energy than the newerones that do the same things.To figure out how much power these devices are using,Callie Babbitt and hercolleaguesat the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked theenvironmental costs for eachproduct throughoutits lifefrom when its minerals aremined to when we stop using the device.This method provided a readout for how homeenergyuse has evolved since the early 1990s.Devices were grouped by generation.Desktop computers,basic mobile phones,and box-setTVsdefined 1992.Digital camerasarrivedonthescene in 1997.And MP3 players,smart phones,and LCDTVs entered homesin2002,beforetablets ande-readers showed upin 2007.As we accumulated more devices,however,we didnt throw out our old ones.Theliving-room television is replaced andgets planted in the kids room,and suddenlyone day,you have a TV in every room of the house,said one researcher.The averagenumber ofelectronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007.Werenot just keepingthese old deviceswe continue to use them.According to the analysisof Babbitts team,olddesktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are theworst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gasemissions（排放）more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.So whats the solution（解决方案）?The teams data only went up to 2007,butthe researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old productswith new electronics that serve more than one function,such as a tablet for wordprocessing and TVviewing.They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing ontablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.32.What does the author think of new devices?A.They are environment-friendly.B.They are no better thanthe old.C.They cost more to use at home.D.They go out of stylequickly.33.Why did Babbitts team conduct the research?A.To reduce the cost of minerals.B.To test the life cycle ofa product.C.To update consumers onnew technology.D.To find out electricity consumption of the devices.34.Which of the following uses the least energy?A.The box-setTV.B.The tablet.C.The LCDTV.D.Thedesktop computer.35.What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?A.Stop using them.B.Take them apart.C.Upgradethem.D.Recycle them.第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Color is fundamental in home designsomething youll always have in everyroom.A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps tocreating rooms youll love to live in.Do you want a room thats full of life?Professional?Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day?36,color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.Over the years,there have been a number of different techniques to helpdesigners approach this important point.37,they can get a little complex.Butgood news is that therere really only three kinds of decisions you need to makeabout color in your home:the small ones,the medium ones,and the large ones.38.Theyre the little spots of color like throw pillows,mirrors andbaskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms.Less tiring thanpainting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa,small colorchoices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable.Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas,dinnertables or bookshelves39.They require a bigger commitment than smallerones,and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space.The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls,ceilings,andfloors.Whether youre looking at wallpaper or paint,the time,effort andrelative expense put into it are significant.40.A.While all of them are usefulB.Whatever youre looking forC.If youre experimenting with a colorD.Small color choices are the ones were most familiar withE.Its not really a good idea to use too many small color piecesF.So it pays to be sure,because you want to get it right the first timeG.Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two majorways第三部分第三部分语言知识运用语言知识运用(共两节，满分共两节，满分 4545 分分)第一节(共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。During my second year at the city college，I was told that the educationdepartmentwasofferingafreecourse,calledThinkingChess,forthreecredits.I41the idea of taking the class because,after all,who doesnt want to42a few dollars?More than that,Id always wanted to learn chess.And,even if I werent43enough about free credits,news about our44was appealing enough to me.He was aninternational grandmaster,which 45I would be learning from one of the games 46.Icould hardly wait to 47him.Maurice Ashley was kind and smart,a former graduate returning to teach,and this48was no game for him:he meant business.In his introduction,he made it49thatour credits would be hard-earned.In order to50the class,among othercriteria,wehad to write a paper on how we plan to 51 what we would learn in classto our futureprofessions and,52,to our lives.I managed to get an A in that53andlearned lifelessons that have served me well beyond the54.Ten years after my chess class with Ashley,Im still putting to use what he 55me:“The absolute most important 56that you learn when you play chess is how tomake
