2018年上海高考英语真题及答案.pdf

2018 年上海高考英语真题及答案考生注意：1.考试时间 120 分钟,试卷满分 150 分。2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。试卷分为第 I 卷（第 112 页）和第 II 卷（第 13 页），全卷共 13 页。所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。答题前,务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名,并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上,在答题纸反而清楚地填写姓名。第第 I I 卷卷(共共 103103 分分)I.I.ListeningListening ComprehensionComprehensionSectionSection A ADirections:Directions:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.Theconversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear aconversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A.It is satisfactory.B.It is luxurious.C.It is old-fashioned.D.It is disappointing.2.A.On August 5th.B.On August 6th.C.On August 7th.D.On August 8th.3.A.A waiter.B.A butcher.C.A porter.D.A farmer.4.A.In a theatre.B.In a library.C.In a booking office.D.In a furniturestore.5.A.She expected to a better show.B.She could hardly find her seat.C.She wasnt interested in the show.D.She didnt get a favourable seat.6.A.The woman often eats out for breakfast.B.The cafeteria serves goodbreakfast.C.The woman doesnt have breakfast.D.The cafeteria doesnt servebreakfast.7.A.Selling cucumbers.B.Planting vegetables.C.Cooking a meal.D.Pickingtomatoes.8.A.The man should work hard.B.The man should turn down the job offer.C.The man may have another chance.D.The man can apply for the job again.9.A.It is a hot and smoggy day.B.There is a traffic jam on King Street.C.A vehicle is polluting the air.D.The man is reading a report online.10.A.Its ending is not good enough.B.Its special effects are not satisfying.C.It deserves an award.D.It is good except for the scary part.SectionSection B BDirections:In Section B,you will hear two short passages,and you will be askedthree questions on each of the passages.The passages will be read twice,but thequestions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the four possibleanswers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the questionyou have heard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.$1.B.$2C.$3D.$52.12.A.Paythebillsfirst.B.Spend2%ofthesalaryonlivingexpenses.C.Deposit$1000everymonth.D.Putpartofthemoneyinasavingsaccount.13.A.Methodsofsavingmoney.B.Savingmoneyforfamilyemergencies.C.Theimportanceofsavingmoney.D.Secretsofspendingmoneywisely.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.Freeeducation.B.Asumofmoney.C.Donationsfromalocalnewspaper.D.Giftsfrommanypeople.15.A.Letstudentsinbeforeschool.B.Offericecreamandcoffee.C.Introduceabankintothecampus.D.Reducethetrafficjamsaround.16.A.Itlackspositivenews.B.Itshouldgrowintoabigcity.C.Itisaplaceworthlivingin.D.Itremainspeacefulandquiet.SectionSection C CDirections:In section C,you will hear two longer conversations.Theconversations will be read twice.After you hear each conversation,you are requiredto fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard.Write your answerson your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form.WriteONEONE WORDWORDfor each answer.Class Diary(June 13-19)13SUN14MON17for after-class activity application15TUE16WEDHanding in three student1817THUBasketball Club meetingTime:12:451:30pmPlace:The1918FRIFilling in a form with up-to-date personal dataTime:20breakPlace:The computer room19SATBlank 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form.WriteNONO MOREMORE THANTHAN THREETHREE WORDSWORDSfor each answer.Who is Sue Walter?She is21in court and awriter.What is Sues suggestion for people withdifficulties?22In Sues eyes,what is the best part about herjob?23in decision-making.What does Sue think happiness is?24IIII.GrammarGrammar andand VocabularyVocabularySectionSection A ADirections:After reading the passages below,fill in the blanks to make thepassages coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fillin each blank with the proper form.of the given word;for the other blanks,useone word that best fits each blank.(A)Bags of LoveLast year,I was assigned to work at an office near my mothers house,so I stayedwith her for a month.During that time,I helped out with the housework andcontributed to the groceries.After less than a week,I started noticing that the groceries were running outpretty quickly we were always suddenly out of something.(25)_(wonder)howmy mum could consume them so quickly,I began observing her daily routine for twoweeks.To my surprise,I found that she would pack a paper bag full of canned goodsand head out every morning at about nine.Eventually,I decided to follow her and(26)_ happened truly amazed me.She was taking the food to the refugee camp,in(27)_ she distributed it to children.I asked around and found out that my mum was very well known in the area.The kidswere very friendly with her and even looked up to her as if she were their own mother.Then it hit me shy would she mot want to tell me about what she(28)_(do)?Was she worried about how I would react or that I would stop(29)_(buy)thegroceries if I found out?When she got home,I told her about my discovery.(30)_ she could react,Igave her a big hug and told her she didnt need to keep it a secret(31)_ me.She told me that some of the children lived with an older lady in a shelter whileothers slept on the streets.For years,my mum has been helping out by giving themwhatever food she could spare.I was so impressed by(32)_ selfless she was.(B)Stress:Good or Bad?Stress used to be an almost unknown word,but now that we are used to talking aboutit,I have found that people are beginning to get stressed about being stressed.In recent years,stress(33)_(regard)as a cause of a whole range of medicalproblems,from high blood pressure to mental illness.But like so many other things,it is only too much stress(34)_ does you harm.It is time you considered thatif there were no stress in your life,you would achieve a little.If you are stuckat home with no stress,then your level of performance will be low.Up to a certainpoint,the more stress you are under,the(35)_(good)your performance will be.Beyond a certain point,though,further stress will only lead to exhaustion,illnessand finally a breakdown.You can tell when you are over the top and on the downwardslope,by asking yourself(36)_ number of questions.Do you,for instance,feel that too much is being expected of(37)_,and yet find it impossible tosay no?Do you find yourself getting impatient of(38)_(annoy)with people overunimportant things?.If the answer to all those questions is yes,you hadbetter(39)_(control)your stress,as you probably are under more stress thanis good for you.To some extent you can control the amount of stress in your life.Doctors haveworked out a chart showing how much stress is involved in various events.Gettingmarried is 50,pregnancy 40,moving house 20,Christmas 12,etc.If the total stressin your life is over 150,you are twice as likely(40)_(get)ill.SectionSection B BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Eachword can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A.accountB.adjustableC.appliancesD.captureE.decorationsF.directG.experimentH.intendedI.operatedJ.soullessK.squeezeGolden Rules of Good DesignWhat makes good design?Over the years,designers and artists have been tryingto41the essentials of good design.They have found that some sayings can helppeople understand the ideas of good design.There are four as follows.Less is more.This saying is associated with the German-born architect Mies vander Rohe.In his Modernist view,beauty lies in simplicity and elegance,and theaim of the designer is to create solutions to problems through the most efficientmeans.Design should avoid unnecessary42More is not a bore.The American-born architect Robert Venturi concluded thatif simplicity is done badly,the result is43design.Post-Modernist designersbegan to44with decoration and color again.Product design was heavilyinfluenced by this view and can be seen in kitchen45such as ovens and kettles.Fitness for purpose.Successful product design takes into consideration a productsfunction,purpose,shape,form,color,and so on.The most important result for theuser is that the product does what is46.For example,think of a(n)47desk lamp.It needs to be constructed from materials that will stand the heat ofthe lamp and regular adjustments by the user.It also needs to be stable.Mostimportantly,it needs to48light where it is needed.From follows emotion.This phrase is associated with the German designer HartmutEsslinger.He believes design must take into49the sensory side of our naturesight,smell,touch and taste.These are as important asrational(理性的).Whenchoosing everyday products such as toothpaste,we appreciate a cool-looking devicethat allows us to easily50the toothpaste onto our brush.III.III.ReadingReading ComprehensionComprehensionSectionSection A ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words orphrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that bestfits the context.In the 1960s,Douglas McGregor,one of the key thinkers in the art of management,developed the mow famous Theory X and Theory Y.Theory X is the idea that peopleinstinctively51work and will do anything to avoid it.Theory Y is the viewthat everyone has the potential to find satisfaction in work.In any case,despite so much evidence to the52,many managers still agreeto Theory X.They believe,53,that their employees need constant supervisionif they are to work effectively,or that decisions must be imposed from54without consultation.This,of course,makes for authoritarian(专制的)managers.Different cultures have different ways of55people.Unlike authoritarianmanagement,some cultures,particularly in Asia,are well known for the consultativenature of decision-makingall members of the department or work group are asked to56to this process.This is management by the collective opinion.Many westerncompanies have tried to imitate such Asian ways of doing things,which are basedon general57.Some experts say that women will become more effective managersthan men because they have the power to reach common goals in a way that traditional58managers cannot.A recent trend has been to encourage employees to use their own initiative,tomake decisions on their own without59managers first.Thisempowerment(授权)has been part of the trend towards downsizing:60the number of managementlayers in companies.After de-layering in this way,a company may be61withjust a top level of senior managers,front-line managers and employees with directcontact with the public.Empowerment takes the idea of delegation(委托)much furtherthan has62been the case.Empowerment and delegation mean new forms ofmanagement control to63that the overall business plan is being followed,andthat operations become more profitable under the new organization,rather than less.Another trend is off-site or64management,where teams of people linkedby e-mail and the Internet work on projects from their own houses.Project managersevaluate the65of the team members in terms of what they produce for projects,rather than the amountof time they spend on them.51.A.desireB.seekC.loseD.dislike52.A.contraryB.expectationC.degreeD.extreme53.A.vice versaB.for exampleC.howeverD.otherwise54.A.outsideB.insideC.belowD.above55.A.replacingB.assessingC.managingD.encouraging56.A.referB.contributeC.objectD.apply57.A.agreementB.practiceC.electionD.impression58.A.bossyB.experiencedC.westernD.male59.A.askingB.trainingC.warningD.firing60.A.doublingB.maintainingC.reducingD.estimating61.A.honouredB.leftC.crowdedD.compared62.A.economically B.traditionallyC.inadequatelyD.occasionally63.A.denyB.admitC.assumeD.ensure64.A.virtualB.ineffectiveC.day-to-dayD.on-the-scene65.A.opinionB.riskC.performanceD.attractivenessSectionSection B BDirectionDirection：Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by severalquestions or unfinished sattments.For each of them there are four choices markedA,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in thepassage you have just read.(A)One early morning,I went into the living room to find my mother reading a thickbook calledBest Loved Poems to Read Again and Again.My interest was aroused onlyby the fact that the word“Poems”appeared in big,hot pink letters.“Is it good?”I asked her.“Yeah,”she answered.“Theres one I really like and youll like it,too.”I leaned forward.“Patty Poem,”she read the title.Who is Patty?I wondered.The poem began:She never puts her toys away,Just leaves them scatteredwhere they lay,散乱的The poem was just three short sections.The final one came quickly:When she grows and gathers poise,稳重Ill miss her harum-scarumnoise,莽撞的And look in vainfor scattered toys.徒劳地And Ill be sad.A terrible sorrow washed over me.Whoever Patty was,she was a mean girl.Then,the shock.“Its you,honey,”My mother said sadly.To my mother,the poem revealed a parents affection when her child grows up andleaves.To me,the“she”in the poem was horror.It was my mama who would be sad.It was so terrible I burst out crying.“Whats wrong?”my mother asked.“Oh Mama,”I cried.“I dont want to grow up ever!”She smiled.“Honey,its okay.Youre not growing up anytime soon.And whenyou do,Ill still love you,okay?”“Okay,”I was still weeping.My panic has gone.But I could not help thinking aboutthat silly poem.After what seemed like a safe amount of time,I read the poem againand was confused.It all fit so well together,like a puzzle.The language was simple,so simple I could plainly understand its meaning,yet it was still beautiful.I wasnow fascinated by the idea of poetry,words that had the power to make or break apersons world.I have since fallen in love with other poems,but“Patty Poem”remains my poem.After all,“Patty Poem”gave me my love for poetry not because it was the poemthat lifted my spirits,but because it was the one that hurt me the most.66.Why was the writer attracted by the bookBest Loved Poems to Read Again and Again?A.It was a thick enough book.B.Something on its cover caught her eye.C.Her mother was reading it with interest.D.It has a meaningful title.67.After her mother read the poem to her,the writer felt _ at first.A.sadB.excitedC.horrifiedD.confused68.The writers mother liked to read“Patty Poem”probably because_.A.it reflected her own childhoodB.it was written in simple languageC.it was composed by a famous poetD.it gave her a hint of what would happen69.It can be concluded from the passage that“Patty Poem”leads the writer to _.A.discover the power of poetryB.recognize her love for puzzlesC.find her eagerness to grow upD.experience great homesickness（B）Is there link between humans and climate change or not?This question was firststudied in the early 1900s.Since then,many scientists have thought that our actionsdo make a difference.In 1997,the Kyoto Protocol explained our role in the Earthschanging atmosphere and set internation