2019年北京宣武中考英语真题及答案.pdf
20192019 年北京宣武中考英语真题及答案年北京宣武中考英语真题及答案一、单项填空(共 6 分，每小题 0.5 分)从下面各题所给的 A,B,C,D 四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.Mr.Wang is coming to our school.I cant wait to see.A.herB.himC.itD.them2.We planted some flowersthe garden yesterday.A.onB.toC.inD.of3.Excuse me,is this T-shirt?is 88 yuan.A.how muchB.how many C.how long D.how old4.Lily,you finish the letter in ten minutes?Yes,I can.A.mustB.shouldC.need D.can5.This cap is nice,it doesnt look good on meA.forB.soC.butD.or6.Julie takes good care of the family dog.She isthan her brother.A.patientB.more patientC.most patient D.the most patient7.Samwith his friends every weekend.A.skatesB.is skatingC.has skatedD.was skating 8.Tom.whats yourdad doing?Hemy bike.A.repairsB.will repairC.has repaired D.is repairing9.Our school lifea lot since 2017.We have more activities now.A.changesB.changedC.will changeD.has changed10.If you want to visit the Palace Museum,Itickets for you tomorrow.A.will bookB.bookedC.have bookedD.was booking11.My advice on how to save paperby my class last Monday.A.accepts B.acceptedC.was accepted D.is accepted 12.Did you noticein her office?Yes.She was going over our writing.A.what was Miss Lin doingB.what Miss Lin was doingC.what does Miss Lin do D.what Miss Lin does二、完形填空(共 8 分，每小题 1 分)阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择最佳选项。Run for Class PresidentTwo months ago,when our class election(选举)started,I decided to run for classpresident.I enjoyed speaking in public and got along well with people,so I feltit easy to win.But I was 13 that people would feel bad for me if I lost.I was busy preparing in the following week.My plan wasnt to make promises to dothings I couldnt14but to show my class why I wanted to be president.I put upmy posters in hallways and in the classroom.I also spent three hours writing myspeech,saying that I was the one they could turn to whenever they had a problem.Since I was 15 prepared,I felt that my chances of winning were strong.However,when I gave my speech on Election Day,the response(反 应)wasnt whatI had 16.Few people actually listened.When it was my opponents(对手的)turn,everyone was screaming his name.His speech was short,but all to the point.By then,I realized I should have made mine shorter and clearer.It was obvious who would 17.For the rest of the day,I felt like it was over.I wanted to just go home and cry,but I made it through.My18was right:I didnt win.The next day,people were still talking about the election.I just pretended(假装)not to hear.But later,things got better.People 19 about the election and talkedto me just as they did before.I dont regret putting time and energy into the election because Ive learned thatthings arent always going the way I expect.And moments of failure like this build20 since then Ive learned to face disappointment and grown stronger.13.A.boredB.afraidC.excitedD.hopeful14.A.compareB.rememberC.manageD.repeat15.A.fullyB.quicklyC.freshlyD.physically16.A.fearedB.facedC.mentionedD.pictured17.A.insistB.returnC.wait D.win18.A.suggestionB.predictionC.directionD.introduction19.A.forgotB.wroteC.caredD.discussed20.A.trustB.prideC.character阅读理解(共 36 分)D.support三、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择最佳选项。(共 26分，每小题 2 分)21.Who visited a traditional Chinese medicine hospital?A.Mike.B.Joanna.C.Bill.D.Cindy.22.How long did Joanna stay with her host family in China?A.Three months.B.Four months.C.Five months.D.Six months.23.Cindy thinks her host sister is.A.a wonderful cook B.a responsible doctorC.a warm-hearted teacherD.a hardworking studentBBlue LightningSally loved cars more than anything else.This spring she thought of building a go-kart to enter for the Go-Go Race.So she asked her dad for help.Well,he said.How about this:you do some research first and then come back tome with a design.A week later,Sally brought her notes and drawings to Dad.She named her go-kartBlue Lightning.Dad looked over her work,thinking.Well,thats interesting,he said.Have a try.Just build Blue Lightning as youve designed.Over three weekends of hard work,Sally turned her design into a real,working go-kartand painted it light blue.Dad asked her to take it for a test drive.Sally agreed.After she did that,Sally drove back to Dad.Well,she said.Now I know why youwanted me to have a test drive.Oh,do you?he said.Please share.When I drove fast,there was a lot of pushback,she said.I think its becauseof the lightning bolt(闪电)shape.Very good!Dad said.So,why didnt you tell me about that problem in the first place?Sally asked.Dad laughed.Wheres the fun in that?If you give a man a fish,hell eat for aday.But if you teach a man to fish,hell eat for a lifetime.Sally said,I see.Anyway,designing is half the fun!Dad smiled.Good.Sometimes,learning happens during the process.We learn how todo something right by doing it a few times first and making mistakes along the way.That encouraged Sally and she worked even harder.When she showed Dad her new go-kart,he nodded with pride.Finally came the race.Sally wasnt worried about whether she would win-in her mind,she had already won,by building something better than ever before.24.Sally thought of building a go-kart to.A.practice driving B.enter for a raceC.play with friendsD.do some research25.What did Sallys dad ask her to do after she built the go-kart?A.To have a test drive.B.To take a good rest.C.To give it a cool name.D.To paint it light blue.26.Sallys story mainlytells us thatA.winning a race is importantB.fishing brings us a lot of funC.driving experience is necessaryD.learning happens during the processCSometimes it seems that time is flying.Perhaps it doesnt need to feel this way.Our experience of time can be possibly changed.By understanding the psychological(心理学的)processes behind our different experiences of time,we might be able toslow down time a little.One basic law of psychological time is that time seems to slow down when were exposed(接 触)to new environments and experiences.The law is caused by the relationshipbetween our experience of time and the amount of information our minds process.Themore information our minds take in,the slower time seems to pass.It follows,then,that we have different experiences of time in different situations.In some situations,our life is full of new experiences.Our minds process a lotof information and time seems to slow down.In other situations,we havefewer new experiences and the world around us becomes more and more familiar 0M;(熟悉的).We become insensitive to our experience,which means we process lessinformation,and time seems to speed up.How can we slow down time?Here are two suggestions.Firstly,since we know that familiarity makes time pass faster,we can exposeourselves to as many new experiences as possible.We can give ourselves newchallenges,meet new people,and expose our minds to new information,hobbies andskills.This will increase the amount of information our minds process and expand(增加)our experience of time.Secondly,and perhaps most effectively,we can give our whole attention to anexperience-to what we are seeing,feeling,tasting,smelling or hearing.This meansliving through our senses rather than through our thoughts.For example,on the wayhome,focus your attention outside of yourself,instead of thinking about theproblems you have to deal with.Look at the sky,or at the buildings you pass,traveling among them.This open attitude to your experiences helps take in moreinformation and also has a time-expanding effect.To a certain degree,we can understand and control our experience of time passing.Its possible for us to slow down time by expanding our experience of time.27.According to the writer,we can expand our experience of time by.A.going to bed on time B.traveling to new placesC.having dinner as usualD.printing the same materials28.What can we learn from the passage?A.Being familiar with the world around helps us get more information.B.Understanding psychological time makes life pass more quickly.C.We can take in more information by living through our senses.D.We should build a stronger relationship between time and us.29.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A.Slow Down TimeB.Only Time Will TellC.Race Against TimeD.Time Will Not Come TwiceDHow Much Can We Afford to Forget?In 2018,Science magazine asked some young scientists what schools should teachstudents.Most said students should spend less time memorizing facts and have morespace for creative activities.As the Internet grows more powerful,students canaccess(获得)knowledge easily.Why should they be required to carry so much of itaround in their heads?Civilizations(文明)develop through forgetting life skills that were once necessary.In the Agricultural(农业的)Age,a farmer could afford to forget hunting skills.When societiesindustrialized,the knowledge of farming could be safe to forget.Nowadays,smartmachines give us access to most human knowledge.It seems that we no longer needto remember most things.Does it matter?Researchers have recognized several problems that may happen.For one,human beingshave biases(偏见),and smart machines are likely to increase our biases.Many peoplebelieve smart machines are necessarily correct and objective,but machines aretrained through a repeated testing and scoring process.In the process,human beingsstill decide on the correct answers.Another problem relates to the ease of accessing information.When there were nocomputers,efforts were required to get knowledge from other people,or go to thelibrary.We know what knowledge lies in other brains or books,andwhat lies in our heads.But today,the Internet gives us the information we needquickly.This can lead to the mistaken belief-the knowledge we found was part ofwhat we knew all along.In a new civilization rich in machine intelligence,we have easy access to smartmemory networks where information is stored.But dependency on a network suggestspossibilities of being harmed easily.The collapse of any of the networks ofrelations our well-being(健 康)depends upon,such as food and energy,wouldproduce terrible results.Without food we get hungry;without energy we feel cold.And it is through widespread loss of memory that civilizations are at risk of fallinginto a dark age.We forget old ways to free up time and space for new skills.As long as the olderforms of knowledge are stored somewhere in our networks,and can be found when weneed them,perhaps theyre not really forgotten.Still,as time goes on,we graduallybut unquestionably become strangers to future people.30.Why are smart machines likely to increase our biases?A.Because they go off course in testing and scoring.B.Because we control the training process on them.C.Because we offer them too much information.D.Because they overuse the provided answers.31.The ease of accessing information from the Internet.A.frees us from making efforts to learn new skillsB.prevents civilizations from being lost at a high speedC.misleads us into thinking we already knew.the knowledgeD.separates the facts we have from those in the smart machines32.The word collapse in Paragraph 5 probably meansA.a sudden failureB.the basic ruleC.a disappointing start D.the gradual development33.What is the writers main purpose in writing this passage?A.To question about the standards of information storage.B.To discuss our problems of communication with machines.C.To stress the importance of improving our memorizing ability.D.To remind us of the risk of depending on machines to remember.四、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。(共 10 分，每小题 2 分)Huge Waves Destroying Arctic Ice Faster than ExpectedIce covers much of the Arctic Ocean（北冰洋）Some pieces of ice are huge,like movingislands.As temperatures have increased,however,some of the ice has begun todisappear.Scientists have discovered huge waves(海浪)in the arctic waters.The waves were discovered by accident in May,2010.Scientist Aleksey Marchenko andhis students set out on a trip.They wanted to study the icy waters.On May 2,the ship traveled east and stopped next to a large chunk of ice around50 miles from the small island of Hopen.Marchenko prepared to lead his studentsout onto the ice.We were ready to go but when I went out,I discovered many cracks(裂缝)around,he remembers.He decided to move the ship deeper into the ice to keep safe.The farther in theywent,he thought,the harder the ice would become.As they pushed forward,however,the ship experienced small waves,and then bigger ones.Soon,the waves broke upthe ice around the ship into thousands of smaller pieces.Within an hour,Marchenko and his team saw a wave that was about 13 feet high.Theships navigation(航 行)system finally recorded the largest waves.They weremore than 20 feet in height.The waves were so strong that they forced huge piecesof ice to jump up and down,breaking the ice into smaller pieces within just onehour.Scientists had never imagined that the process could happen so fast.The wavesin these areas used to be small.The speed and force of the huge waves there makes it impossible to know in advancewhen they are coming.That could be dangerous for navigators and local communitieswho are unprepared for huge waves or depend on sea ice to protect them.Wildlifelike polar bears and walruses that depend on sea ice to live is also in danger.Some scientists think people will soon see even bigger waves in these icy waters.As waves break up ice,the seas will become more open,and the waves will get evenstronger.There are stormy times ahead.34.When did Marchenko and his students discover huge waves in the arctic waters?35.Why did Marchenko and his students set out on the trip?36.What did Marchenko decide to do to keep safe?37.How high were the largest waves recorded by the navigation system?38.What is Paragraph 7 mainly about?书面表达(共 10 分)五、文段表达(10 分)39.从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于 50 词的文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。题目假如你是李华，你们学校正在开展“安全月”宣传活动，倡议大家制作关于安全教育的主题海报，你们班交换生 Peter 给你发邮件询问相关事情。请用英语回复一封邮件，告诉他海报上交的时间，并分享你设计海报的一些想法。提示词语:design,safety rule,careful,protect,picture提示问题:When should you hand in the poster?What would you like to share with Peter about designing the poster?Dear Peter;Im glad to receive your email._If there is anything more that I can help with,please let me know.Yours,Li Hua题目 2自律，即自我约束，是自我提升的一种途径，有助于我们成长，促使我们不断前行。某英文网站正在开展以“自律”为主题的征文活动.假如你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈为了增强自律意识，你做过什么，以及这样做给你带来的好处。提示词语:self-disciplined(自律的),plan,goal,habit,improve提示问题:What did you do to be self-disciplined?What benefits have you got fromdoing so?Self-discipline plays an important role in our life_2019 年北京市中考英语答案一、单项填空123456BCADCB789101112ADDACB二、完形填空1314151617181920BCADDBAC三、阅读理解21222324252627ACDBADB282930313233CABCAD四、读短文回答问题34InMay,201035Because they wanted to study the icy waters.36He decided to move the ship deeper into the keep safe.37More than 20 feet in height.38It is impossible to predict the huge waves and that could be dangerous for partofHuman and wildlife.五、文段表达小学题目 1：Bear Peter,Im glad to receive your email.We are encouraged to hand in posters about safety.You need to hand in the poster before next FridayWhen it comes to the design of the pos
