初一年级（上）英语知识点梳理.docx

初一年级（上）英语知识点梳理【知识梳理】I.重点短语1. Sit downhave a seat5. at home2. on duty6. look like3. in English7. look at4.8. have a look12.9. come on 10. at work11. at school 还有情况不用冠，国名，地名，人洛前，前有my, this等限定，冠也 千万不能用，put on13. look afterII.重要句型14. get up1. help sb. do sth.3. Let' s do sth.15. go shopping2. What about-?4. It' s time to do sth.5. It' s time for It，s6. What' s？ It is-/7. Where is？ It' s.8. How old are you?9. What class are you in? I' m in.10. Welcometo-.11. What' s plus？ It' s.13. Who' s this? This is.12. I think14. What can you see?I can see-.球类前面不加the,乐器前面要加the.零散语法：动词后面用宾格，主格用在不能放句尾，形容物代跟名词，名词物代 不跟词。Like后有名词，没有限定必跟复，如果动词放在后，ing小尾巴不能 丢。Would like 是想要,想做事情加 to do, want to ,how to 不少 to, to 后动原永不变。特殊疑问词特殊疑问词（7 个 wh-和 1 个 how） 7 个 wh-： what, who, where, when,which, why, whose二、结构1.特殊疑问词作主语时，句式为：特殊疑问词+动词单三形式（或is） +其他？ eg.1Who is at school? 谁在学校？ 2Who teaches youEnglish? 谁教你英语？2 .特殊疑问词+主语时，句式为：特殊疑问词+主语+动词（或be） + 其他？ eg.Whose brother is a teacher?谁的哥哥是一名老师？3 .其他情况：特殊疑问词+助动词do/does（或be）+主语+动词原形+ 其他？ eg.1What does he do?他是做什么的？ 2Where is Chicago? 芝加哥在哪儿？20082009年初一英语上学期期末知识盘点与题解Part One词类转换一可数与不可数名词，可数名词变复数，：1 There are two( university ) in the district.2 There are many( dictionary) in the bookshop. 3 They have many( photo)4 There are many tall( building ) in the city. 5 My( parent ) are workers.6 They are( manteacher) 7 What are your favourite( country) in the world?8 Nowadays , we never use( match ) more often than before.9 Best(wish) to all of you here! 10 Work in(pair ) and you can speak well.11 English ( class ) usually begin at 6 o' clock.12 The( monkey) in the zoo make all of us laugh.13 Here some information for the holiday. 14 Healthy food( be ) helpful for us.15 He eats two boxes of chocolate this afternoon. (对划线提 问)chocolatehe eat this afternoon.*The thieves' wives cut the wolves into two halves with leaves made into knives.二人称代词和物主代词的使用1 This issilk shirt. ( he ) 2 They are parents ( he )3 Lucy sits behind ( he )4 Kate is in front of ( we ) .5 Tom is next to(she )6 Who teaches English.A they B them C their D theirs7 Can you help with English ( they)8 The cat is looking at face in the water. ( its, it' s)三词性的转化1 There are many ( difference ) kinds of animals in the world.2 Can you write an( invite ) email in English?3 Many Chinese students study in( Europe) universities now.4 Everyone of us should give( visit ) a warm welcome.5 The shop is( close ) at this time of the day.四动词的使用1 Let' s( make ) a cake for Tony. 2 She likes(write ) in Chinese2 I have a lot of work( do )3(dance ) isher favourite .4 Can you finish ( run ) around the playground in 10 minutes?5 He practises ( drive ) every Saturday.6 Thanks for ( invite ) me to your party.7 The girls in Class Two are all good at ( speak ) English.8 He has two ( swim ) lessons on Sunday .9 Her mother always goes ( shop ) at the weekend.10 What about ( keep ) this a secret?11 Would you like( stop )( have ) a drink and a rest? You look tired now.12 Tony asks me ( go) to a basketball match.Part Two易错语言点一冠词 a, an , the /1 What fine weather it is today!2 I want orange play football3 The man is Arabic.4 Don' t you believe that hecan play violin very well ?5 The actor in the film is one-year-old baby.二There be, have/has got以及它们的区别1 There（ be ） an apple and three oranges on the desk.2 There are some students in the room （变一般疑问）。3 There is two desks in the room.（对划线提问）4 she got a computer? A Does B Do C Have D Has5 He has got a new watch. He got a new watch.6 Lucy has got two email boxes on the Internet （对划线提问）Lucy on the internet?7 Jim got any drink. A haven' tBhasn' t Cdoesn' t haveD don' t have8 There are more than one hundred teachers in our school.（同 义句）Our school more than one hundred teachers .9 friends have you got ?Ieight friends.三单数第三人称，动词的单三形式1 Sometimes she( send ) me flowers as birthday present.2 Mohter always gets up and( cook ) breakfast for the whole family.3 Lily' s father often( drink ) wine?4 Jim ( practise ) dancing every day5 The boy in red clothes always( listen ) to the teacher carefully.6 Lingling never ( watch ) football matches.7 They usually( have ) English lessons in the morning.8 Tony and LinTao ( wear ) the same clothes.9 Everyone in the class( be ) busy for the final exam.10 What ( be ) your present for your aunt?四be与do1 The tiger eat grass A isn' t B doesn? t C aren, t D don' t2 They usually( not give ) money or fruit as presents.3 She wants to be a siegea in the future.(对划线提问) she want to in the future.4 We all practise reading Englilsh every morning. all practise every morning.5 The snake comes from South America. (同 义句)The snakeSouth America.6 The meeting ends at 3 o' clock .（同义句）The meeting at 3 c' clock.7 My brother and I（ be ） students.五句型转换1 This banana is green .is this banana.2 The green banana is not good for us to eat. not good for us to eat?3 His bike is under the tree.his bike?4 you can ride the bike under the tree. you ride ?5 What' s the weather like in Wuhan ?（同义句） in Wuhan?六介词的使用1 One girl ten is dressed pink clothes. 2 This bigbox will serve us a table.3 Children wake up up very early the morning of ChristmasDay.4 The teacher is coming back an hour . go?5 We walk our feet.6 There is nothing to do tomorrow afternoon, is there?7 Father buys a new computer me and gives it me asan award.8 You must write a name it if you want to save a document.9 The government makes a plan the use of land.10 Connect point A point B , we get a straight line.UThe invitation is John. Would you like to go ?12 Lily sits ( next to , next ) David13 There is a blackboard the classroom . A in the frontof B in front of七其他语言点say, speak, tell, talk1 Can you"English” ?2 We all agree to Englishafter class every day.3 She' d like to have a with me about her English study.4 Look! The baby can the time. He is so clever!5 them to stay here and not to move.6 The new Japanese teacher teach us how to these wordsin Japanese.1 She can( match ) the words with the pictures.2 they( can make ) a paper dog ?3 We can play tennis and table tennis very well (否定句)Check, visit , spell, save , connect, switch, choose,concert, habit, plan, price,1 Please the answers to the questions before you handin the paper.2 We must our car when we drive it.3 She always her teachers , and she is on a visit one of her teachers.4 your money to help the poor.5 Would you please the word for us?6 off the radio before you go to bed.7 The price of rice is this week. A high B expensive8 He plays the guitar and sings an English song at the. 需要重点背的单词：星期，数字，stadium, theatre ,Box, wolf , kangaroo, bamboo, baby, library , tomato , secretary, story,Usualusually realreally ownownerwritewriter,healhealthhealthyunhealthy , favourfavouritetradition traditional lie lying15. There is (are).16. What colour is it (are they)?It' s (They' re)17. Whose ,is this? It' s工18. What time is it?It' s .III.交际用语1. Good morning, Miss/Mr-.2. Hello! Hi!3. Nice to meet you. Nice to meet you, too.4. How are you? I' m fine, thank you/thanks. And you?5. See you. See you later.6. Thank you! You' rewelcome.7. Goodbye! Bye!8. What' s your name? My nameis.9. Here you are. This way, please.10. Who' s onduty today?11. Let' s do.12. Let me see.IV.重要语法1 .动词be的用法；2 .人称代词和物主代词的用法；3 .名词的单复数和所有格的用法;4 .冠词的基本用法；5 . There be句型的用法。【名师讲解】1. in/on在表示空间位置时，in表示在某个空间的范围以内，on表示在某一 个物体的表面之上。例如：There is a bird in the tree.树上有只鸟。There is a picture on the wall. 墙上有张图。2. this/that/these/those(l)this常常用来指在时间、地点上更接近讲话人的人和事，these 是this的复数形式。that常常用来指在时间、地点上离讲话人更远 一点的人和事，those时that的复数形式。例如：You look in this box and I' 11 look in that one over there. 你看看这个盒子，我去看那边的那个盒子。I want this car, not that car.我想要这辆小汽车，不是那一辆。Take these books to his room, please.请把这些书拿到他房间去。This is mine； that' s yours.这个是我的，那个是你的。These are apples； those are oranges.这些是苹果，那些是橘子。 在打电话的用语中，this常常指的是我，that常常指的是对方。 例如：This is Mary speaking. Who' s that?我是玛丽。你是谁？3. There be/ haveThere be "有"，其确切含意为"某处或某时存在某人或某物。"其结 构是：There be +某人或某物+表示地点或时间的状语。There be后面的名词实际上是主语，be动词的形式要和主语在数上保持一致, be动词后面的名词是单数或不可数名词时用is,名词是复数时用 are。例如:(1) There is a big bottle of coke on the table. 桌上有一大瓶 子可乐。(2) There is a doll in the box.那个盒子里有个娃娃。(3) There are many apples on the tree. 那树上有许多苹果。总之，There be结构强调的是一种客观存在的"有"。have表示"拥有, 占有，具有"，即：某人有某物(sb. have / has sth. ) o主语一般是 名词或代词，与主语是所属关系。例如：(4) I have two brothers and one sister.我有两个兄弟，一个姐 姐。(5) That house has four rooms.那所房子有四个房间。4. look/ see/ watch(Dlook表示“看、瞧”，着重指认真看，强调看的动作，表示有意 识地注意看，但不一定看到，以提醒对方注意。，如：Look! The children are playing computer games. 瞧！ 孩子们在 玩电脑游戏。Look! What' s that over there?看！那边那个是什么？单独使用是不及物动词，如强调看某人/物，其后接介词at,才能带 宾语，如：He, s looking at me。他正在看着我。(2)see强调“看”的结果，着重的是look这个动作的结果，意思是“看到”，see是及物动词，后面能直接跟宾语。如：What can you see in the picture?你能在图上看到什么？Look at the blackboard. What did you see on it?看黑板！你看 到了什么？(3)watch "观看，注视”，侧重于场面，表示全神贯注地观看、观察 或注视某事务的活动，强调过程，常用于“看电视、看足球、看演出” 等。如：Yesterday we watched a football match on TV.昨天我们从电视上 看了一场足球比赛。4. put on/ / input on意为“穿上，戴上”。主要指“穿上”这一动作，后面接表 示服装、鞋帽的名词。in是介词，表示“穿着”强调状态。在句中可以做定语、标语和状 语。如：It,s cold outside, put on your coat.外面冷，穿上你的外衣。He puts on his hat and goes out. 他戴上帽子，走了 出去。The woman in a white blouse is John' s mother,穿白色衬衣的那 个妇女是John的妈妈。5. house/ home/familyhouse ： “房子”，指居住的建筑物；Home： “家”，指一个人同家 人共同经常居住的地方；Family： "家庭”，”家庭成员”。例如：Please come to my house this afternoon. 今天下午请至U我家来。He is not at home.他不在家。My family all get up early.我们全家都起得很早。6. fine, nice, good, well四者都可用作形容词表示"好"之意，但前三者既可作表语又可作定语，而后者仅用作表语。主要区别在于：(1) fine指物时表示的是质量上的"精细"，形容人时表示的是"身体健康"，也可以用来指"天气晴朗:例如：Your parents are very fine.你父母身体很健康。That' s a fine machine.那是一台很好的机器。It' s a fine day for a walk today.今天是散步的好时候。(2)nice主要侧重于人或物的外表，有"美好"，"漂亮"的意思，也可用于问候或赞扬别人。例如：Lucy looks nice.露西看上去很漂亮。These coats are very nice.那些裙子很好看。Nice to meet you.见到你很高兴。It' s very nice of you. 你真好。(3)good形容人时指"品德好"，形容物时指"质量好"，是表示人或物各方面都好的普通用语。例如：Her son is a good student. 她儿子是一个好学生。The red car is very good.那辆红色小汽车很好。(4)well只可用来形容人的“身体好"，但不能作定语，它也能用作副 词作状语，多放在所修饰的动词之后。例如：I'm very well, thanks.我身体很好，谢谢。My friends sing well.我的朋友们歌唱得好。Be动词用法：Be动词有三个，am, is还有are.我用am,你用are, is跟着他她它, 复数全部都用are.1. 1 Be动词的三种形式(a勿，is.are)(一般现在时态中)in guangzhou now.in Shanghai.in Wuhan.a city.students.a teacher.cities.IamMy father (He)My sister (She)isGuangzhou (it)We (Lucy and I )YouareThey (Guangzhou and Wuhan) 练习：用am, is, are填空。1. The U. S. a big country.2. Guangzhou one of the largest province in China.3. Guangzhou and Shanghai morden cities.4. We in Guangzhou now.5. I a student in XX school.6. Lucy and I teenagers.7. David my classmate.8. You my best friend.9. My dog my best friend.10. My mother and sister at home.1. 2 Be动词的用法。（7种用法）1. Guangzhou is beautiful.（对主语进行描述。）2. Guangzhou is a city.（对主语下分类。即主语是什么。）3. Guangzhou is in the south.（主语的位置。）4. We are from China.（主语来自于哪里。）5. I 5277 16 years old.（主语的年龄。）6. It is hot in guangzhou.（描述天气。）7. It is 6 o' clock.（表示时间。）1尉有两种意思:你，你们。BE动词都用"e到底是哪种意思，要看后面的名词。You are a student.（你） You are students.（你们）2当主语是另外一个人和I时。Be动词用are.并把另外一个人的 名字放/之前，表示对别人的尊重。John and I are good friends.3主语用人称代词来谈论时间和天气。BE动词用加It is hot in Guangzhou. It is 6 o' clock now.is big. New York and Chicago are big.人称主格宾格形容词性物主名词性物主代词代词第一人称（我）（我们）单数Imemy我的mine复数weusyur我们的ours第二人称（你）（你们）单数youyouyour你的yours复数youyouyour你们的yours第三人称（他）（她）（它）（他们）单数hehimhis他的hissheherher她的hersititIts它的its复数theythemtheir 它、他、她们的theirs一般疑问句：一般疑问很好认，be,do和情态，三者开头是一般。句首没be就加 do.Be分am, is, are. Do, does, did是助动。情态动词有许多， can,may,wouId,must,还有shall和should,情态动后加动原,遇到some是特殊，any不把some 变 o它的回答很简单，yes和n。轮流用，哪词来问哪词答。冠词用法：冠词有三个，a , an还有the。a, an用单数，单复都用the. an用元 音前，the要多注意。特指要用the,独一无二也是the.序数，最高级前不少the。