外研版中考英语数词二轮复习讲义.docx

数词定义：表示数目的多少或顺序先后的词，分为基数词和序数词两种（表示数量的数词）（表示顺序的数词）基本用法：相当于名词和形容词，在句中可作主语、宾语、定语、表语、同位语等如：It is said that thirteen is an unlucky number.（主语）The city has a population of three million. （宾语） He was the first to get to the school.（表语） There are only three boys in the class. （定语）They ten will go abroad.（同位语）考点一：基数词1.基数词的构成0zero1one11eleven2two12twelve20twenty3three13thirteen30thirty100one hundred4four14fourteen40fortylz000one thousand5five15fifteen50fifty1,000,000one million6six16sixteen60sixty10,000,000ten million7seven17seventeen70seventy100,000,000one hundred million8eight18eighteen80eighty1,000,000,000one billion9nine19nineteen90ninety1,000,000,000,000one trillion10ten)13. How many bananas do we need for lunch , Mom?. Two for the milk shake and three for the salad.A. TwoB. ThreeC. FourD. Five()14. What time is it now? I want to start the party. You can make it.A. It's Sunday B. It's seven C. Itzs July 1 D. It's rainy ()15. Welcome to Los Angeles. Have you ever been here?Sure. I visited this city three years ago so this is my time here.A. first B. secondC. thirdD. fourth()16. Which module is the most difficult in this book?I think module.A. ninthB. the ninth C. nineth D. the nineth()17. This Saturday is my birthday. Welcome to my party!A. fourteenth B. the fourteenth C. fourteen D. the fourteen()18. Yesterday was my mother's birthday, I bought orange dressfor her.A. thirty - eighth; aB. thirty - eight; anC. thirty - eighth; anD. thirty - eight; a()19. Nearly of the students watching Fighter of the Destiny择天记because of the actor Lu Han.A. three fourth; likesB. three fourths; likeC. three four; likeD. three fourths; likes()20. Why do you look angry?This is the time during days that he has made the same mistake.A. two; threeB. second; third C. two; third D. second; three()21. Nowadays, people like HUAWEI phones, and about ofthem are adults.A. the number of; four-fifthsB. a number of; four-fifthC. a number of; four-fifthsD. the number of; four-five()22. Having introduced the new equipment, our factory turn out in2024 as the year before.A. cars three times as many asC. as many cars as three times()23. We've tried it three times.A. the fourthB. fourthB. three times as many carsD. three times more cars than we try it time?C. a fourthD. four一些规律：21 99的写法是：十位数加个位数，中间用连字符号-连接如：26 twenty - six 57 fifty - seven101999的构成是：百位数与十位数之间用and连接如：123 one hundred and twenty - three1000以上基数词的表示方法从右向左用分节号分节每3个数字为一个节，第一个分节号前用thousand第二个分节号前用million第三个分节号前用billion如：68,343 sixty-eight thousand, three hundred and forty-three13, 526, 300 thirteen million, five hundred and twenty-six thousand, three hundred注意：.英语中没有"万"和"亿"这两个单位，只有"百万(million)"和"十亿(billion)"； 因此"一万"是用10个干，也就是ten thousand来表示的"一亿"是用"one hundred million”来表示的2.基数词的用法表示确切数字时，基数词hundred, thousand, dozen ( 12 )等，只用单数形式，不能加飞”如：five thousand six hundred teachers 5600 名教师在表示某些概数的习语中，如成百上千等，基数词要加“s如：thousands of people 成千上万的人可以用来表示时间如：5 ： 00 five / five o'clock4 : 25 four twenty - five7 : 20 twenty past seven表示人的不确切岁数或年代, 用"几十"的复数形式表示 如：in his twenties在他二十多岁时in the 1980' s / 1980s在20世纪80年代11 ： 15 a quarter past eleven5 : 55 five to six9 : 31 twenty - nine to ten®可以用来表示年代如：1980 年 nineteen eighty可以用来表示年龄 如：He is ten years old.基数词+名词+”构成复合形容词作定语 如:He is a ten-year-old boy.It a five-minute walk from the library to the playground.可以用来表示事物编号如：No. Ten Middle School第十中学308 Nanjing Road 南京路 308 号Room 209 房间 209Section 3 / Part 3 第三部分可以用于某些数学算式如：Three and two is five. 3+2=5 Ten minus five is five. 10-5=5Three multiplied by four makes twelve. 3X4=12Sixteen divided by four is four. 164-4=4可以用于倍数表达基数词+ times M表示"是几倍如 ：This room is three timesas big as that one.This room is three timesbigger than that one.This room is threetimesthe size of that one.可以用于百分数表达。百分数由"基数词+百分号（% y构成如：30% = thirty percent65% = sixty - five percent【典例解析】1. It's my daughter's birthday today. She's years old.A. eighteen B. eighteenth C. the eighteen D. the eighteenth【解析】考查基数词表示年龄的用法。1318的构成是直接在之后加teen2. There aretourists visiting the island on May Day every year.A. millions B. two millions C. millions ofD. million of【解析】考查基数词表示确切数字和不确切数字的用法。表示确切数字时，直接加数字；表示不确切数字时,在million之后加s ,再加of3. -of volunteers will be needed for the 2024 Olympic Games.-Let's go and them.A. Thousands, joinB. Thousand, be a member ofC. Three thousand, take part in D. Thousands, be in【解析】考查基数词表示确切数字和不确切数字的用法；join sb表示"加入某人"4. Leonard was born in in Los Angles.A. 1980B. the 1980C. 1980sD. the 1980s【解析】考查20世纪80年代的表达考点二：序数词1.序数词的构成数字基数词规律序数词序数词缩写121.one个位数是1、2、3的firsttwenty-first.1st 21st.222.two基数词在变成序数时secondtwenty-second.2nd 22nd.323.three是特殊变化thirdtwenty-third.3rd23rd 45fourfive大多数序数词是在基fourth fifth4th5th6sixsixth6th789seven eight nineseventh eighth ninth7th8th9th10ten数词词尾加-th构成tenth10th11eleveneleventh11th12twelvetwel 代 h12th100hundredhundredth100th1,000thousandthousandth1000th1,000,000millionmillionth1,000,000th2030twenty thirtytwentieththirtieth以-ty结尾的基数词构成序数词时，需将8090eighty ninetyV变成i ；再加-etheightiethninetieth20th30th98th99th246596twenty-four从二十一到九十九的序数词（整十数除twenty-fourthsixty-fiveninety-six外），十位数用基数词，个位数用序数词，sixty-fifthninety-sixth用连字符号连接基数词变序数词规律：基变序，有规律，词尾加上th;一、二、三特别论(first, second, third )八加 h(eight),九去 e(nin|Lve 要用 f 替(fifth,twelfth )y 变 ie,最后再加 th (tKtieth, thirtieth,fortieth)若是遇到几十几，仅变个位就可以(twenty-first, ninety-ninth.)y2.序数词的用法序数词的前年呼用定冠词the表示“第几的意思如：You are the second one to know the way.你是第二个知道方法的人当序数词前有形容词性物主代词或名词所有格修饰，序数词前不用theThis is my third question. /Betty is Linda's first good friend.这是我的第三个问题贝蒂是琳达第一个好朋友我们将再读一遍We'll read it a second time.当表示"又一，再一"时，序数词前不用the，但可加不定冠词a/an可以用于年、月、日的表达；年、月用基数词，日用序数词如：May the first / the first of May 5 月 1 日August the eighth / the eighth of August 8 月 1 日March 18th, 19781978 年 3 月 18 日可以用于分数的表达；分子是基数词，分母是序数词；当分子大于1时，分母用复数形式26如：two fifths-one thirdsixsevenths537注意：1/2通常读作a (one) half1/4 可读作 a (one) fourth 或 a (one) quarter7表示编号的时候，经常把基数词放在名词的前面表示顺序相当于the +序数词+名词，也可以用名词+基数词如：Lesson Five = the fifth lesson 第五课可以用于倍数表达，"基数词+ times M表示"是几倍"50 ：Thisroomis two times= twice / doubleas big as that one.Thisroomis two times= twice / doublebigger than that one.Thisroomis two times. , 1 ,the size of that one.=twice / double【典例解析】1. It's time for me to visit the Guanyin Lake.A. fiveB. the fiveC. fifth D. the fifth【解析】考查序数词。句意为:这是我第五次参观观音湖。"第五'的序数词是fifth ,序数词在使用时，通常前面要加定冠词the ,故选D2. What do you think of the environment here, Mr.Wang?-Wonderful!of the land covered with trees and grass.A. Two fifths; isB. Two fi代h; is C. Two fifths; are D. Two fifth; are【解析】考查分数。分数的表达方式为：分子十分母，分子是基数词，分母是序数词，而且分子大于1 ,因此分母要用复数形式。后面的谓语动词be由分数后 面的名词land决定，故选A3. A year is divided into months. September is the month of the year.A. twelve; ninth B. twelve;nineth C. twelfth; ninth D. twelfth; nineth 【解析】考查基数词表示数目，序数词表示顺序的用法4.1 really enjoy reading The Journey to the West, so I will read time.A. second B. a second C. the second D. two【解析】考查序数词。表示"又一，再一时，序数词前不用the ,但可加不定冠词a/an数词专项练习()1. Who won the first prize of the World Table Tennis Championship?You mean the match held in? Ma Long did.A. fifty - four; GermanB. fifty - fourth; GermanyC. fifty - fourth; GermanD. fifty - four; Germany()2. One year ago, China tested its aircraft carrier (航空母舰)built completely on its own.A. oneB. firstC. the oneD. the first()3. There are twelve boys and thirteen girls in Class Four, whichmeans students in total.A. 33B. 25C. 13D. 12()4. My grandparents live in an old apartment with floors and they areon the floor.A. fifth.; three B. fifth; thirdC. five; threeD. five; third()5. 一“Food Safety" has become one of the hottest topics recently.-Yeah, it receives Internet hits a day.A. thousands B. thousands ofC. thousand D. hundreds()6. Would you like another cup of coffee, Linda?Thank you anyway.Kve already had one cup , and I'm drinking cup.A. oneB. the firstC. the secondD. the third()7. It's never too old to learn. Karl Marx began to learn English in his.A. the fiftieth B. fiftieth C. fifty D. fifties()8. My father gave me a bike on my birthday.A. tenB. a tenthC. the tenthD. tenth()9.month of the year is May.A. TwoB. The secondC. FiveD. The fifth()10. Mum,of my classmates glasses.Oh, my God. You need to protect your eyes well.A. three - fourths; wearsB. three - fourth; wearC. three - fourth; wearsD. three - fourths; wear()11. In this exam , you're asked to write a composition of about.A. 90 - words B. 90 - word C. 90 words D. 90 word's()12.shouldn't be allowed to go out with friends on weekends.A. Twelve - year - oldB. Twelve - year - oldsC. Twelve - years - oldD. Twelve - years - olds