2023年四川省肿瘤医院岗位招聘英语考试.pdf
2023年四川省肿瘤医院岗位招聘英语考试Part 1 Vocabrulary and StructureDirections:Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A,B,C andD.Choose the one answer that best complete the sentence.1、Hospitals,clinics and other infrastructure of health systems in many countries areto disasters.()单选题A.weakB.destroyableC.vulnerableVD.subject2、His face as he came in after running all the way from school.()单选题A.flaredB.fluctuatedC.flutteredD.flushedV3、The American Revolution had no medieval legal institutions to or to root out,apartfrom monarchy.()单选题A.discardVdiscreetdiscordD.disgorge4、Steel is not as as cast iron;it does not break as easily.()单选题A.elasticB.brittleVC.adaptableD.flexible5、American Revolution had no medieval legal institutions to or to root outz apartfrom monarchy.()单选题A.disgorgeB.discardVC.discreetD.discord6、Hospitals,clinics and other infrastructure of health systems in many countries are todisasters.()单选题A.weakB.destroyableC.vulnerableVD.Subject7、As my exam is next week,Ill take advantage of the day off to on some reading.()单选题A.hurry up-B.pick upVC.catch upD.make up8、A big problem in lemming English as a foreign language is lack of opportunities forinteraction with proficient speakers of English.()单选题A.instantaneousB.provocativeC.verbaIVD.dual9、There was concern in the city that police were making little in the investigation.()单选题A.ConclusionVB.headwayC.impactD.concession10、She looks since her children married and moved aw ay.()单选题A.ruthlessB.incredulousC.forlornVD.resilient11、Some measures of the hospital can better serve the patients;,the feedbackevaluation of the patients can also improve the medical quality of the hospital.()单选题A.in turnVB.neverthelessC.howeverD.whereas12、In the airport,I could hear nothing except the roar of aircraft engines which all othersounds.()单选题A.DwarfedB.DiminishedC.DrownedVD.devastated13、It doesnt pay to be dishonest,does it?()单选题A.By all meansB.of courseC.Certainly notVD.Not at all14、They have considered their high standard of living a(n)_for practising their basic beliefs.()单选题A.awardB.consequenceVC.rewardD.result15、A of more than 1,000 philosophers,teachers and students by the authoritativePhilosophers Magazine placed Charles Darwin7 s The Origin of Species as the third mostimportant work.单选题A.researchB.surveyVC.listD.writing16、Harold claimed that he was a serious and well-known artist,but in fact he was a(n).()单选题A.alienB.client.C.counterpartD.fraudV17、Armed with this tooling,analysts no longer diagrams for knowledge in the samew a y.()单选题A.turn fromB.turn toVC.turn outD.turn down18、I worry about my weekend-I always have my plans ready before it com es.()单选题A.Can7 tB.needn1 tVC.mustnz tD.darenz t19、The of our trip to London was the visit to Buckingham Palace.()单选题A.summitVB.heightC.peak0.highlight20、Other with of joy when they came back to school from the Christmas holidays.()单选题A.sheenB.shriekVC.shiverD.ShrinkPart 2 Reading ComprehensionDirections:Read the following passages.Each passage is followed by some questions orunfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.You shoulddecide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter onon ANSWER SHEET.Passage OneThe Supreme Court s decisions on physician-assisted suicide carry important implicationsfor how medicine seeks to relieve dying patients of pain and suffering.Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide,the Courtin effect supported the medical principle of“double effect/a centuries-old moral principleholding that an action having two effects a good one that is intended and a harmful one that isforeseen-is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect.Doctors have used that principle in recent years to justify using high doses of morphine tocontrol terminally ill patients7 pain,even though increasing dosages will eventually kill the patient.Nancy Dubler,director of Montefiore Medical Center,contends that the principle will shielddoctors who“until now have very,very strongly insisted that they could not give patientssufficient mediation to control their pain if that might hasten death/George Annas,chair of the health law department at Boston University,maintains that,as longas a doctor prescribes a drug for a legitimate medical purpose,the doctor has done nothing illegaleven if the patient uses the drug to hasten death.It s like surgery/he says.We don t callthose deaths homicides because the doctors didn t intend to kill their patients,although theyrisked their death.If youz re a physician,you can risk your patient s suicide as long as you don tintend their suicide/On another level,many in the medical community acknowledge that theassisted-suicide debate has been fueled in part by the despair of patients for whom modernmedicine has prolonged the physical agony of dying.Just three weeks before the Court s ruling on physician-assisted suicide,the NationalAcademy of Science(NAS)released a two-volume report,Approaching Death:Improving Care atthe End of Life.It identifies the undertreatment of pain and the aggressive use of w in effectual andforced medical procedures that may prolong and even dishonor the period of dying as the twinproblems of end-of-life care.The profession is taking steps to require young doctors to train in hospices,to test knowledgeof aggressive pain management therapies,to develop a Medicare billing code for hospital-basedcare,and to develop new standards for assessing and treating pain at the end of life.Annas sayslawyers can play a key role in insisting that these well-meaning medical initiatives translate intobetter care.Large numbers of physicians seem unconcerned with the pain their patients areneedlessly and predictably suffering/to the extent that it constitutes“systematic patient abuse/He says medical licensing boards“must make it clear.that painful deaths are presumptively onesthat are incompetently managed and should result in license suspension/21、From the first three paragraphs,we learn t hat.()单选题A.doctors used to increase drug dosages to control their patients painB.it is still illegal for doctors to help the dying end their livesVC.the Supreme Court strongly opposes physician-assisted suicideD.patients have no constitutional right to commit suicide22、Which of the following statements is true according to the text?()单选题A.Doctors will be held guilty if they risk their patients7 death.B.Modern medicine has assisted terminally ill patients in painless recovery.C.The Court ruled that high-dosage pain-relieving medication can be prescribed.VD.A doctor1 s medication is no longer justified by his intentions.23、According to the NAS s report,one of the problems in end-of-life care is.()单选题A.prolonged medical proceduresB.inadequate treatment of painVC.systematic drug abuseD.insufficient hospital care24、Which of the following best defines the word“aggressive”(line 3,paragraph 7)?()单选题A.BoldVB.HarmfulC.CarelessD.Desperate25、George Annas would probably agree that doctors should be punished if t hey.()单选题A.manage their patients incompetentlyB.give patients more medicine than neededC.reduce drug dosages for their patientsD.prolong the needless suffering of the patientsVPassage TwoA stout old lady was walking with her basket down the middle of a street in Petrograd to thegreat confusion of the traffic and with no small peril to herself.It was pointed out to her that thepavement was the place for pedestrians,but she replied;Y m going to walk where I like.We vegot liberty now.It did not occur to the dear old lady that if liberty entitled the pedestrian towalk down the middle of the road,then the end of such liberty would be universal chaos.Everybody would be getting in everybody else s way and nobody would get anywhere.Individualliberty would have become social anarchy.There is a danger of the world getting liberty-drunk in these days like the old lady with thebasket and it is just as well to remind ourselves of what the rule of the road means.It means thatin order that the liberties of all may be preserved,the liberties of everybody must be curtailed.When the policeman,say,at Piccadilly Circus steps into the middle of the road and puts out hishand,he is the symbol not of tyranny,but of liberty.You may not think so.You may,being in ahurry,and seeing your car pulled up by this insolence of office,feel that your liberty has beenoutraged.How dare this fellow interfere with your free use of the public highway?Then,if you area reasonable person,you will reflect that if he did not interfere with you,he would interfere withno one,and the result would be that Piccadilly Circus would be a maelstrom that you would nevercross at all.You have submitted to a curtailment of private liberty in order that you may enjoy asocial order which makes your liberty a reality.Liberty is not a personal affair only,but a social contract.It is an accommodation of interests.In matters which do not touch anybody else s liberty,of course,I may be as free as I like.If Ichoose to go down the road in a dressing-gown who shall say me nay?You have liberty to laughat me,but I have liberty to be indifferent to you.And if I have a fancy for dyeing my hair,or waxingmy moustache(which heaven forbid),or wearing an overcoat and sandals,or going to bed late orgetting up early,I shall follow my fancy and ask no man s permission.I shall not inquire of youwhether I may eat mustard with my mutton.And you will not ask me whether you may follow thisreligion or that,whether you may prefer Ella Wheeler Wilcox to Wordsworth,or champagne toshandy.In all these and a thousand other details you and I please ourselves and ask no one s leave.We have a whole kingdom,in which we rule alone,can do what we choose,be wise or ridiculous,harsh or easy,conventional or odd.But directly we step out of that kingdom,our personal libertyof action becomes qualified by other people*s liberty.I might like to practice on the trombonefrom midnight till three in the morning.If I went on to the top of Everest to do it,I could pleasemyself;but if I do it in my bedroom my family will object,and if I do it out in the streets thenneighbors will remind me that my liberty to blow the trombone must not interfere with their libertyto sleep in quiet.There are a lot of people in the world,and I have to accommodate my liberty totheir liberties.We are all liable to forget this,and unfortunately we are much more conscious of theimperfections of others in this respect than of our own.A reasonable consideration for the rightsor feelings of others is the foundation of social conduct.It is in the small matters of conduct,in the observance of the rule of the road,that we passjudgment upon ourselves,and declare that we are civilized or uncivilized.The great moments ofheroism and sacrifice are rare.It is the little habits of commonplace intercourse that make up thegreat sum of life and sweeten or make bitter the journey.26、The author might have stated his rule of the road as.()单选题A.do not walk in the middle of the roadB.follow the orders of policemenC.do not behave inconsiderately in publicVD.do what you like in private27、The author s attitude to the old lady in paragraph one is.()单选题A.condescendingVB.intolerantC.objectiveD.supportive28、A situation analogous to the“insolence of office“described in paragraph 2 wouldbe.()单选题A.a teacher correcting grammar errorsB.an editor shortening the text of an articleC.a tax inspector demanding to see someone,s accountsVD.an army office giving orders to a soldier29、The author assumes that he may be as free as he likes i n.()单选题A.all matters of dress and foodB.any situation which does not interfere with the liberty of othersVC.anything that is not against the lawD.his own home30、In the sentence We are all liable.?the author is.()单选题A.pointing out a general weakness7B.emphasizing his main pointC.countering a general misconceptionD.suggesting a remedyPassage ThreeSince the dawn of human ingenuity,people have devised ever more cunning tools to copewith work that is dangerous,boring,burdensome,orjust plain nasty.That compulsion has resultedin robotics-the science of conferring various human capabilities on machines.And if scientistshave yet to create the mechanical version of science fiction,they have begun to come close.As a result,the modern world is increasingly populated by intelligent gizmos whose presencewe barely notice but whose universal existence has removed much human labor.Our factorieshum to the rhythm of robot assembly arms.Our banking is done at automated teller terminalsthat thank us with mechanical politeness for the transaction.Our subway trains are controlled bytireless robotdrivers.And thanks to the continual miniaturization of electronics and micromechanics,there are already robot systems that can perform some kinds of brain and bone surgerywith submillimeter accuracy far greater precision than highly skilled physicians can achieve withtheir hands alone.But if robots are to reach the next stage of laborsaving utility,they will have tooperate with less human supervision and be able to make at least a few decisions for themselves-goals that pose a real challenge.While we know how to tell a robot to handle a specific error/says Dave Lavery,manager of a robotics program at NASA,“we can t yet give a robot enoughcommon sense to reliably interact with a dynamic world/Indeed the quest fortrue artificial intelligence has produced very mixed results.Despite a spellof initial optimism in the 1960s and 1970s when it appeared that transistor circuits andmicroprocessors might be able to copy the action of the human brain by the year 2010,researcherslately have begun to extend that forecast by decades if not centuries.What they found,in attempting to model thought,is that the human brain s roughly onehundred billion nerve cells are much more talented-and human perception far more complicatedthan previously imagined.They have built robots that can recognize the error of a machinepanel by a fraction of a millimeter in a controlled factory environment But the human mind canglimpse a rapidly changing scene and immediately disregard the 98 percent that is irrelevant,instantaneously focusing on the monkey at the side of a winding forest road or the singlesuspicious face in a big crowd.The most advanced computer systems on Earth can t approachthat kind of ability,and neuroscientists still don t know quite how we do it.31、Human ingenuity was initially demonstrated in.()单选题A.the use of machines to produce science fictionB.the wide use of machines in manufacturing industryC.the invention of tools for difficult and dangerous workVD.the elite*s cunning tackling of dangerous and boring work32、The word“gizmos”(line 1,paragraph 2)most probably me a n s.()单选题A.programsB expertsC devicesVD creatures33、According to the text,what is beyond man s ability now is to design a robot that can.()单选题A.fulfill delicate tasks like performing brain surgeryB.interact with human beings verballyC.have
