解析：北京市房山区2019-2020学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题（原卷版）-教案-高中英语必修三.docx

房山区2019-2020学年度第二学期期末检测试卷高一英语本试卷共10页，100分。考试时长100分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作 答无效。考试结束后，将答题卡交回，试卷自行保存。第一部分：知识运用(共两节，45分)第一节语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一.个.适当的单词，在给出提示词的 空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。One day, when I was a freshman in high school, I saw a kid from my class walking home from school, 1(carry) all of his books. A bunch of kids were running toward him, knocking all his books out of his arms and making him land in the dirt. His glasses went flying, and 1 saw them land in the grass about ten feet from him. He looked upand I saw this terrible 2(sad) in his eyes. So, I ran over to him and 3(hand) him his glasses. Helooked at me and said, "Hey thanks!” There was a big smile on his face, 4 was one of those smiles that showed real gratitude.B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白 处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。My dearest parents,It 5 (be) quite a long time since the last time we really talked. I know you are very busy trying 6 (earn) a living, but all I hope is to have more of your company. There is a lot going on in high school. The academic pressure is huge because my courses are difficult to understand. So, I wish you could encourage me to do better7 I fail tests. And I wish to see your brightest smiles and applause for me if I finally win.Best,MaryC阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白 处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。The 24 solar terms originate from the Yellow River basin. In the Spring and Autumn Period, the four solar terms of midspring, midsummer, midautumn and midwinter were identified. The 24 solar terms were 8 (full)as does the body, with stress relief the main outcome." she says.Little sleep mixed with high stress can lead to anger and negative consequences on your cognitive performance and efficiency. Max Hirshkowitz, chairman of the board of the National Sleep Foundation says a vacation is a great opportunity to catch up on sleep. 49 "Keep that time,“ he says. "Make it an important thing you need.”Many studies suggest that travel can improve our emotional state. A 2014 survey conducted by Diamond Resorts International found over three-quarters of people said feeling happier when they planned a trip at least once a year. Dr. Leigh Vinocur, a certified physician and spokesperson for the American College of Emergency Physicians, isn't surprised by the findings. "Ifs hard to sit on a beautiful beach somewhere and think about paperwork or deadlines. That is why over three-quarters of people to the Diamond Resorts International survey reported feeling happier when they regularly had a vacation. Regular vacations while taking time for yourself and your family lowers your stress level. 50 she says. Besides, studies show that looking back on the pleasant vacation may keep happiness long after your trip.A. They have bad effects on your health, experts say.B. Traveling has many advantages, with stress relief topping the list.C. Travelers may be more active than sitting in an office chair all day.D. Travel can help us reset our emotions and actually increase compassion.E. But simply taking some time from your demanding workday schedule isn't enough.F. To feel more energized, the NSF recommends at least seven hours of sleep per night for adults.G. It also decreases the production of all the stress hormones that contribute to damaging our health.第三部分：书面表达（15分）51.假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你的英国笔友Peter对科学研究感兴趣，他来信请你介绍一位中国的 科学家及其研究成果。请你给他回信，内容包括：1 .科学家的姓名；2 .科学家的研究成果； 3 ,该研究成果的意义。 注意：1.词数不少于50；3 .开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数Dear Peter,Yours,Li Huaestablished during the Qin and Han Dynasties, and they 9 （record） in the book of Huainan Zi. In 104 BC, theTaichu Calendar 10 Deng Ping and other people, formally recorded the 24 solar terms and made clear the astronomical position of the 24 solar terms.第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题L5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。True ManlinessFred Liscom was a twelve-year-old boy. His mother was very 11 but his father was away from home. Fred was the person to take care of his mother.One day, Tom Barton, one of Fred's classmates, saw him with a 12 in his hand, cleaning the table. He13 this at school, and Fred received the greeting “Girl boy!”“Fire! fire!” The 14 spread out one night, and the fire bells began to ring. Fred was 15 by the alarm and he saw the red light streaming into his room. He 16 himself in a moment, and tapped at the door of his mother's bedroom.“It is Mr. Barton's house, Mum. Do let me 17 he said in eager, excited tones. Mrs. Liscom thought for a moment. He was young, but she could 18 him. "Yes, you may go." she answered: "But be careful. Don't do 19 things. Fred promised to follow her advice, and 20 to the fire.Mr. and Mrs. Barton were not at home. The house had been left in charge of the servants. The fire 21 with fearful speed, for there was a high wind, and it was found impossible to save the house. The servants ran about, screaming but doing nothing to any purpose.Fred found Tom Barton outside. "Where is Katy?” he asked. Tom, trembling with 22. seemed to havehad no thought. He said, "Katy is in the house!” "In what room? asked Fred. "In that one,“ said Tom, pointing to a window in the upper story.It was no time for words, but for 23, The staircase was already on fire; there was but one way to reachKaty which was full of 24, The second floor might fall at any moment, and Fred knew it. But he 25sought help and guidance.A ladder was quickly brought, and placed against the 26, Fred climbed it, followed by the hired man,dashed in the window, and pushed his way into the room where he found Katy with some 27. The poor girl laynearly suffocated （窒 息、） with 28. Fred managed to carry her to the window as quickly as possible, andplaced her upon the sill （窗台）.She was immediately grasped, and 29 down the ladder, Fred following as fast as possible. They had scarcely reached the ground before a crash of falling timbers told them that they had barelyescaped with their lives.Fred showed us true _30 is in harmony with gentleness, kindness, and selflessness.11. A. beautifulB. kindC. strictD. sick12. A. textbookB. dishclothC. toothbrushD. newspaper13. A. reportedB. followedC. controlledD. criticized14. A. whistleB.secretC. cryD. fire15. A. wakenedB.savedC. disturbedD. challenged16. A. dressedB. seatedC. absentedD. enjoyed17. A. apologizeB. explainC. knowD. go18. A. persuadeB. trustC. remindD.respect19. A. boringB. childishC. uselessD. silly20. A. hesitatedB. struggledC. hurriedD. prepared21. A. burnedB.spreadC. movedD. disappeared22. A. terrorB. angerC. reliefD. anxiety23. A. confusionB.thanksC. regretD. action24. A. turnsB. dangerC. plantsD. furniture25. A. suddenlyB. excitedlyC. slowlyD. calmly26. A. staircaseB. windowC. wallD.door27. A. difficultyB. uncertaintyC. curiosityD. patience28. A. waterB. illnessC. smokeD. poison29. A. rolledB. carriedC. pushedD.sent30. A. friendlinessB. noblenessC. manlinessD. effectiveness第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。4 Eco-Friendly Bikes to Ride This SummerNowadays, many drivers are searching for more environment-friendly ways to get around and are starting to look back to bikes. Bikes don't require gas. In terms of convenience, bikes can be easier to park and can help riders get their daily exercise in.Companies everywhere are beginning to take the traditional bike and adapt it to people's needs. Below are eco-friendly bikes to consider adding to your morning ride.1. BamboobikesCcycles produces Bamboo Bikes. The company sources bamboo and carbon fiber joints for their bike frames. Bamboo is ideal for bikes because it can absorb significantly more shock than carbon fiber. It is also very lightweight compared to traditional bike materials, like steel. But bamboo is incredibly strong and can take on twice the compression force as steel.2. CowboyCow offers Cowboy, a bike hides the battery in its frame under the saddle. The removable battery takes about two and half hours to charge and has a range of roughly 31 miles, but the best part is the app features. The Cowboy app gives travelers a real time dashboard （仪器板）to check out their speed and distance. Riders never need to worry about getting lost since it has navigation and can pull up your route history from your ride states. This smart tech also gives riders updates about the bike's status. The Cowboy has a high tech locking system so the owner is the only one who can start up the bike.3. The Faraday BicycleFaraday ebikes have a 25OW motor, and the battery can be fully charged in less than 4 hours. Faraday recently partnered with the organization One Tree Planted to help reforest California after the state underwent serious damage from wildfires that destroyed thousands of acres of land in the area. The company stepped up and donated $100 from every bike sold to plant 100 trees.4. The Donky BikeWilson, who works for Donky, created The Donky Bike, a practical cargo bike. This bike was designed to easily carry a cargo load on the frame. Like any great workhorse, this bike was built with simple low-maintenance components and has a strong, durable frame.31. Which bike can show you where you are?A. Cowboy.B.Bamboobikes.C. The Donky Bike.D.The FaradayBicycle.32. If you want to help reforest California, you can buy a bike from.A. FaradayB.CcyclesC. DonkyD.Cow33. The bike that Wilson created.A. has a 250W motorB. carries a cargo on the frameC. is lightweight but strongD. has a battery under the saddleJourney to the WestIf you have a dream go for it.My dad talked of the jewel in China's western part, Tibet Autonomous Region. Tibet was a region I wanted to see and discover but its remoteness and my inability to find the right time to go delayed my journey. After a few talks with my dad, we decided to take a pause in our lives for a few weeks in July 2019 to start an amazing adventure.We started our journey on a Saturday morning at the Guangzhou train station in south China. We started the first leg of the journey admiring the mysterious mountains of south China. The next day it changed quite suddenly to the dry, waterless landscape of central-west China as we passed through Shanxi and Gansu provinces. That evening we arrived at Xining, Qinghai Province, where we got onto the Xining-Lhasa train.We were greeted on the train with Tibetan yogurt. The train signs were also written in Tibetan, the beautiful handwriting matched its environment and people. The following afternoon we arrived in Lhasa. Lhasa, one of the highest-altitude cities in the world, is a gem hidden on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. We started our tour of the jewel by exploring the palace and watching local people do morning prays and dances in the park. Overlooking the Jokhang Temple, we enjoyed an amazingly beautiful breathtaking view, just like we had been in the fairyland. Ifs a stunning （令人震惊的）golden temple in the middle of old Lhasa, which we visited next before wandering in the old quarters and Barkhor Street in the evening. Barkhor Street is the ideal place to try local food and buy local products.The following day, we started our journey to the Qomolangma base camp by road from Lhasa. Along the way we stopped to admire the beautiful Yamdrok Lake, a huge freshwater lake that is one of the three largest sacred lakes （圣 湖）in Tibet. Yaks （耗牛）in blankets and bells at the lake made for a picturesque impression of perfect countryside Tibet.About a week later, the highlight came in the afternoon when we arrived at the Qomolangma base camp. We were staying in a guesthouse just next to the base camp. After dropping off our backpacks, we headed straight outside to see the magnificent Mt Qomolangma. There it was, the top of the mountain peeking through the clouds, astonishing us with its unbelievable height. We enjoyed the mountain waves and saw the beautiful clouds separated until the sunset over the peak, feeling I would have regretted for the rest of my life if I hadn't made the journey.34 The author wanted to go to Tibet Autonomous Region because.A. his father wanted him to travel thereB. his father thought it was worth visitingC. he was interested in the mysterious place D. he wanted to go to the farthest place of China 35. The author thought the most exciting part of the journey was visiting. A. Jokhang TempleB. Barkhor StreetC. Yamdrok LakeD. Mt Qomolangma36. The underlined word "gem" in the fourth paragraph means.A. smart geniusB. precious stoneC. unique templeD. beautiful grassland37. The author wrote this passage to tell us.A. beautiful views are worth the risk you takeB. if you have a dream, you should try to make it happenC. you can finally achieve your dream if you put your heart on itD. traveling ten thousand miles is better than reading ten thousand booksCClimate Change Requires the World's AttentionIn 2013, a lot of people were shocked by a news photo of a dead polar bear that was found on Norway's Arctic island of Svalbard. According to the scientists who found its dead body all that remained of the polar bear was “skin and bones”. An expert who has studied polar bears for many years said that from the position of its dead body, the bear appeared to have starved and died. Experts claimed that low sea-ice levels caused by climate change meant the bear could not hunt seals as before, so it had to travel greater distances in order to find food. This alarming case showed how the increase in temperature had an impact on Earth's ecology.Then what is causing the increase in the global average surface temperature? Climate scientists often mention a key climate process called the "greenhouse effect”, which has two common meanings: the “natural“ greenhouse effect and the "man-made“ greenhouse effect. The "natural“ greenhouse effect, which helps keep the earth warm enough for people, plants and animals to live on, refers to the fact that heat from the sun enters the atmosphere and warms Earth's surface as short-wave radiation. The heat is released back into space at longer wave lengths. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, such as methane （沼气）and carbon dioxide, trap some of the heat, keeping Earth's climate wann and habitable. Without this process, Earth could not sustain life. However, the man-made greenhouse effect has now become a big problem. When people produce huge amounts of extra greenhouse gases by burning fossil fuels, more heat energy is trapped in the atmosphere and causes Earth's surface temperature to rise quickly.There is strong and comprehensive evidence that the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide, not only causing serious damage, but a