高中英语Unit2Cloning学业质量标准检测作业新人教版选修8.docx

Unit 2学业质量标准检测时间：120分钟，满分：150分第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7. 5分）听卜.面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每 段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题,每段对话仅读一遍。1. Where did the woman leave her hat? BA. In a restaurant.B. In a taxi.C. In a car.2. What is the local time right now? CA. 7： 15.B. 9： 15.C. 11： 15.3. What are the speakers discussing? CA. Whether to go to France.B. What to do in France.C. How to go to France.4. Why is the girl upset? AA. Her family is about to leave.B. Her mother is out of work.C. She has no friends now.5. What was the weather like in the Lake District on holiday? CA. Snowy.B. Sunny.C. Rainy.第二节（共15小题；每题1.5分，满分22. 5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳 选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的 作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. How long has the man played the guitar? BA. 8 years.B. 9 years.A. humorousB. wealthyC. seriousD. crazy解析:推理判断题。从第一段的"unlike similar scientists you have seen in the movies, they both have a sense of humor”可知电影中的生物工程学家一般都是没有幽默感的。29. Which of the fol lowing things are in book How to Defeat Your Ouvi Cloned Ba. What DNA and i ts purpose are.b. Who is against cloning.c. The history of cloning.d. The myths about cloning.e. The disadvantages of cloning.A. a, b, eB. a, c, dC. b, d, eI）, b, c, d解析：细节理解题。从第二段的"The book not only helps us get a basic understanding of what DNA and its purpose are. The authors provide a history of cloning. w 及第三段的 “The real fun starts when the authors attack various myths about cloning. M 可知答案。30. We can learn from the passage that biotechnology C .A. has been banned in many countries around the worldB. is being used to improve onc，s intelligence right nowC. can help improve the physical condition of future generationsD. is sure to cure any disease in the near future解析：推理判断题。从第四段的 “genes can bo controlled to help you sleep better and become smarter, healthier, and taller. Wei 1. not exactly you, but future generations” 可知 C 项正确。31. According to the passage, a clone of you D .A. will want to kill youB. knows whatever you knowC. has no belly buttonD. will be younger than you解析：细节理解题。从最后一段的"who will be considerably younger than you”可知D项正确。DAs more and more schools rush to put digital devices（数码设备）in the hands of every student, many parents are becoming increasingly concerned about the quality of their children's education. The promise of increased student academic（学业上的）achievement through the use of technology hasn* t produced any significeint results in the past 20 years.Researchers at the University of California Los Angeles conducted a study in 2014 to determine if the social skills of elementary students were blocked by screen time. Two groups of sixth grade students were compared. One group was sent to an outdoor camp for one week with no screen time, while the control group live life as normal. After one week, the students at camp had made significant improvements over their peers（同龄人）.The good news is that when we limit access to screen time and give chiIdren the opportunity to interact face to face, they quickly become better at reading the emotional state of others. The bad news is that we hcive a generation of children that struggle with this basic emotional intelligence skill.Too much screen time has been 1 inked to chi 1 dhood obesi ty, sleep disorders, behavior prob 1 ems, and academic challenges. But is there a difference between schooIwork and entertainment media?When students are using technology for academic work they are more likely to be communicating with peers, working cooperatively, and developing other important skills. However, all these arc impossible when students watch entertainment media. They just sit and watch!Parents have right to be concerned about their children* s screen time at school, but they should begin by discussing the use of digital media at home. Some parents are continuously engaged in their own devices, responding to every ring of their phones, receiving and sending messages. How can they expect their children to do better?文章大意：随着越来越多的学校急于将数字设备放在每个学生的手中，许多家长越来越担心孩子的教 育质量。本文就这一问题展开了讨论。32. What was the schools' initial （最初的）inlenlion of using digital devices? AA. To improve students academically B. To help students develop socially.C. To make school life more entertaining and colorful.D. To make sure students get technological education.解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句"Th。promise of increased student academic（学业上的） achievement through the use of technology hasn't real ly produced any signi f icant results i n the past 20 years. w可知，是为了提高学生在学术上的技能。故选A。33. What aspect of children worries the writer a lot? DA. Lacking guidance on proper screen time.B. Lacking chances to communicate with others.C. Lacking interest in improving their study.I）. Lacking skills in reading others' emotional state.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句 “The bad news is that we have a generation of children that struggle with this basic emotional intelligence skill. ” 可知,作者担忧学生缺乏阅读他人 情绪状态的技能。故选D。34. What attitude does the writer have to the use of digital devices in schooIwork? AA. Positive.B. Concerned.C. Negative.D. Uncertain.解析：观点态度题。根据第四段第一句"When students are using technology for academic work they are more likely to be communicating with peers, working cooperatively, and developing other important skills. ”可知，作者对在学校作业中使用数字设备的态度是积极的。故选A。35. From the passage, we can learn that BA. parents shouldn't oppose schools in their educational approachesB. some parents may set a bad example to their children in using digital mediaC. the screen watching time shouldn* t be longer than 2 hours for studentsI）, it's wrong for schools to focus on technological education解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句"Some parents are continuously engaged in their own devices, responding to every ring of their phones, receiving and sending messages. How can they expect their chi Idren to do better? ”，由此推知，在使用数字媒体上一些父母可能会给他们的孩子 树立一个坏榜样。故答案为B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。If you are already making the time to exercise, it is good indeed! With such busy lives, it can be hard to try and find the time to work out. 36. G Working out in the morning provides additional benefits beyond being physically fit. Your productivity is improved. Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whatever is ahead of you for the day. 37. E Your metabolism （新陈代谢）gets a head start. 38. F If you work out in the mornings, then you wi 11 be getting the calorie （卡路里）burning benefits for the whole day, not in your sleep. 39. B Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep when you are very excited. 40. A If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day. Who would want to ruin their good workout by eating junk food? You wi11 want to continue to focus on positive choices.There are a lot of benefits to working out, especially in the mornings. Set your alarm clock an hour early and push yourself to work out! You will feel energized all day long.A. You wi11 stick to your diet.B. Your quality of sleep improves.C. You prefer healthy food to fast food.D. There is no reason you should exercise in the morning.E. You can keep your head clear for 4-10 hours after exercise.F. After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day.G. If you are planning to do exercise regularly, or you're doing it now, then listen up! 文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章告诉我们挤出时间锻炼身体的好处，而晨练的好处更大，对身体 和工作都有所裨益。解析：36. 关联逻辑法解题。本空前文说在繁忙的生活中，我们很难找到时间锻炼，后文说晨练的好处，故 中间的衔接句可表达“假设有时间锻炼”之类的含义，因此G项符合语境。本设空类型为过渡句类。37. 句意判断法解题。本段的主旨是“晨练能提高你的效率”，E项“锻炼之后的4到10小时内，你 都能让自己头脑清醒。”追加了锻炼的好处，符合此处的语境。本设空类型为细节理解类。38. 词汇锁定法解题。这一段说的是晨练有助于人体的新陈代谢，能让你一整天都感受到晨练消耗卡 路里带来的好处,F项意为“晨练之后你还会在天时间里继续消耗卡路里.F项中的关键词throughout the day与文中的th。whole day呼应。故选F。本设空类型为细节理解类。39. 词汇锁定法解题。本题考查段落主题。本段提至！J slept better, difficult to relax, a peaceful sleep,因此这段说的是晨练比晚上锻炼更能改善睡眠，因此选B。本设空类型为段落主题句类。40. 词汇锁定法解题。由本段的关键词 stick to healthy food choices, eating junk food, positive choices等可知，这一段说的是晨练对饮食的影响，因此选A。本设空类型为段落主题句类。第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节；满分30分）第一节：完形填空（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（2020 山东滨州高三模拟）Ask people to name the world's tallest peak and anybody with sound general knowledge will name Mount Qomolangma. But quiz them on its exact 41. D and many will be not sure.In 1975, Chinese surveyors 42. A that Mount Qomolangma （Mount Everest） was 8,848.13 meters high. As 43. B improved, satellites, photoelectricity, radars and gravity measurement technologies were 44. A to get more exact figures. Of course, someone still had to carry 45. C to what is the world's rooftop.In 2005, a Chinese team scaled Qomolangma and found that i t was not as high as that, as they 46. B the height to be 8844. 43 meters. Scaling Qomolangma is no 47. B task. The average air temperature there is 29 degrees Celsius, even four degrees 48.【） than in Antarctica. The snow there is 45 meters thick and hurricane-like 49. C blow all the time. Team members were training to 50. A the extreme conditions.In a nutshell, measuring the Qomolangma's height is a tall order, 51.D huge amounts of money and human resources, but it is worth the 52. A . Qomolangma is the perfect 53. B for observing crustal （地壳的）movements. And changes to the peak* s height could 54. C whether the two plates are heading toward or away from each other.Besides, the condition of snow and other natural materials at the top is an indicator of upcoming climate change on the Tibet-Qinghai Plateau. That's 55. C meeisuring the Qomolangma's height is so significant. Put to good use, it can benefit mankind.文章大意：这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了测量珠穆朗玛峰的高度的艰难及其重要性。41. A. locationB. appearanceC. areaD. height解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：但如果你问他们它的确切高度，很多人都不会确定。A. location位 置；B. appearance外貌;C. area地区;D. height高度。根据下文的1975年以及2005年对珠峰高度的测 量可知，此处指的是对其面度的精确测量。故选D。42. A. determinedB. assumedC. estimatedI), admitted解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：1975年，中国测量员确定珠穆朗玛峰(Uounl Qomolangma)为8848. 13 米高。A. determined 确定；B. assumed 假设；C. estimated 估计；D. admitted 承认。根据下文“As 43 improved, satellites, photoelectricity, radars and gravity measurement technologies were 44 to get more exact figures. n应用先进的科技去进行进一步的测量可知，此空指的是中国的测量员确定 珠峰的高度是8848. 13米。故选的43. A. conditionB. technologyC. society). economy解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着技术的进步，卫星、光电、雷达和重力测量技术被用来获得更 精确的数据。A. condition条件；B. technology技术；C. society社会；D. economy经济。根据下文的 “satellites, photoelectricity, radars and gravity measurement technologies were 44 to get more exact figures. n可知，卫星、光电、雷达和重力测量技术都是科技。故选B。44. A. employedB. expectedC. approachedD. inspired解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着技术的进步，卫星、光电、雷达和重力测量技术被用来获得更 精确的数据。A. employed运用;B. expected期望;C. approached接近：D. inspired鼓舞。根据下文的“to get more exact figures”可知,这些高科技被运用到测量珠峰精确的高度中。故选A。45. A. weaponsB. vehiclesC. instrumentsD. packages解析：考杳名词词义辨析。句意：当然，仍然要有人要携带一些设备到世界屋脊。A. weapons武器； B. vehicles交通工具；C. instruments设备；D. packages包裹。根据常识可知,测量是需要设备仪器的， 此处指的是需要携带一些设备登山。故选C。46. A. changedB. calculatedC. extendedD. expanded解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：2005年，一个中国团队测量了珠穆朗玛峰，发现它并没有那么高， 因为他们计算的高度是 8844. 43 米。A. changed 改变;B. calculated 计算：C. extended 延伸；D. expanded 扩大。根据上文 “In 2005, a Chinese team scaled Qomolangma and found that it was not as high as that"以及下文"the height to be 8844. 43 meters. w可知，此处指的是中国登山队在2005年计算的 珠峰的高度是8844. 43米。故选B。47. A. gloriousB. easyC. admirableI), tough解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：攀登珠穆朗玛峰并非易事。A. glorious光荣的；B. easy容易的； C. admirable 令人钦慕的;D. tough 艰难的。根据下文“The average air temperature there is 29 degrees Celsius, even four degrees 8 than in Antarctica. w可知，攀登珠峰并不是一件容易的事。故 选B。48. A. colderB. hotterC. higherD. lower解析:考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那里的平均气温为一29摄氏度，甚至比南极洲低4摄氏度。A. colder 更冷的；B. hotter更热的：C. higher更高的；D. lower更低的。根据29 degrees Celsius可知，此处表 示珠峰的温度比南极洲还要低4摄氏度。故选D。49. A. snowsB. rainsC. windsD. snowfkikes解析:考查名词词义辨析。句意：那里的雪有4-5米厚，像飓风样的风一直在吹snows雪:B. rains 雨；C. winds风；D. snowflakes雪花。根据下文的blow可知，此处表示风。故选C。50. A. cope withB. fight forC. take onD. carry out解析：考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：队员们正在接受为极端条件而战的训练。A. cope with应付； B. fight for 与斗争；C. take on 承担；I), carry out 实施。根据"the extreme conditions. n 可知，此处表示登山队员们正在训练的目的是为了应付珠峰的极端条件。故选A。51. A. wastingB. spendingC. overcomingI), involving解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：简而言之，测量珠穆朗玛峰的百度是一项艰巨的任务，涉及大量的 资金和人力资源,但值得付出努力。A. wasting浪费;B. spending花费;C. overcoming克服；D. involving 涉及。根据“huge amounts of money and human resources”可知，测量珠峰的高度需要投入大量的人 力和物力。故选D。52. A. effortB. lossC. harvestD. achievement解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：简而言之，测量珠穆朗玛峰的高度是一项艰巨的任务，涉及大量的 资金和人力资源，但值得付出努力。A. effort努力；B. loss损失；C. harvest丰收；D. achievement成就。 根据下文的“Put to good use, it can benefit mankind. w如果使用得当，它可以造福人类可知，这项 任务值得去努力做。故选A.53. A. channelB. windowC. solutionD. entrance解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：珠穆朗玛峰是观察地壳运动的最佳窗口。A. channel频道；B. window 窗口: C. solution 解决办法；D. entrance 入口。根据下文 aobserving crustal (地壳的)movements. ” 可知，珠峰是观测地壳运动的最佳窗口。故选B。54. A. measureB. foreseeC. indicateI), expose解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：峰顶高度的变化可以表明两个板块是朝着相向还是反方向运动。 A. measure测量；B. foresee预见：C. indicate表明；D. expose暴露。珠峰两次测量高度的变化，这就表 明两个板块是朝着相向还是反方向运动。故选C。55. A. whereB. howC. whyD. whether解析：考查连接词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么测景珠穆朗玛峰的高度是如此重要。Adhere哪里; B. how怎样；C. why为什么；1). whether是否。本句在讲述测量珠峰高度的重要性。所以本句为why引导的 表语从句。故选C。第二节：(共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2020 新高考浙江卷)Some time after 10, 000 BC, people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived 56. in ， through agricul ture. Over thousands of years, they began to depend less on 57. what could be hunted or gathered from the wild» and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.Farming produced more food per person 58. than hunting and gathering, so people were able to raise more children. And, as more children were born, more food 59. was needed (need). Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology 60. to change (change)lives.By about 6000 BC, people 61. had discovered (discover) the best crops to grow and animals to raise. Later, they learned to work with the 62. seasons (season), planting at the right time and, in dry areas, 63. making (make) use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields.This style of farming lasted for quite a long t i me. Then, vi th 64.1 he rise of science, changes began. New methods 65. meant (mean) that fewer people worked in farming. In the last century or so, these changes have accelerated. New power machinery and artificial fertilizers(化 月巴)have now totally transformed a way of life that started in the Stone Age.文章大意：这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了农业的发展历史。解析：56 .考查介词。句意：公元前10000年以后，人们第一次真正尝试通过农业来控制他们所居住的世界。 分析可知，“they lived ”应是之前名词the world的定语从句，定语从句引导词被省略， 可推知先行词应是在从句中作宾语,即：they lived in the world, live in +名词，意为“居住在某地"。 故填in。57 .考查名词性从句。句意：在几千年的时间里，他们开始减少对我们从野外采集的猎物的依赖，而 更多地依赖他