2023年初中英语之考试常考词汇知识与高分必背句型.docx
2023年初中英语之考试常考词汇知识与高分必背句型初中英语中常用的介词表示时间的at, in, on(l)at:表示片刻的时间,at 8 o'clock, at midnight, at the beginning of, at the age of, at Christmas, at New Year 等。(2) in: 表示 段的时间, 如 in the morning, in the afternoon, in October, in the past 等。(3)on: 总是跟日子有关,on Sunday, on Christmas morning, 等。表示时间的since和from:(1) since表示从过去到现在的一段时间的过程,常与现在完成时 连用.(2)from表示从时间的某一点开始,不涉及与现在的关系。一般 多与现在时、过去时、将来时连用。如:I hope to do morning exercises from today.我希望从今 天开始每天做早操。表示时间的in和after:两者都表示“在(某个时间)之后,区别在于in表示“在(一段时 间)之后”,而after则表示“在(某一具体时间点之后),in短语 和将来时态连用,after短语和过去时态或将来时态连用。如:Wef11 leave in three days.我们 3 天内会离开。After two months he returned. 2 个月之后他回来了。表示“穿过"的through和across: through表示从内部通过,与in有关;across表示“穿过”,表示从一端至另一端在表面上的通过,与on有关。如:Water flows through the pipe.水从水管漏出来。The old man walked across the street.这位老人走过街道。表示地理位置的in, on, to:(1) in表不在某范围内;(2)on指与什么毗邻;(3)to指在某环境范围之外;如:Changzhou is in the southeast of China.Mongolia is on the north of China.Japan is to the east of China.表示“在上”的on和in:on只表示在某物的表面上;而用in表示占去某物一部分,表示上;如:There is a book on the piece of paper.纸上有本书。There is an interesting article in the newspaper.报纸上有 篇有趣的文章。in the corner, on the corner, at the corner: in the corn 表 示在落,in指角的内面;on the corner表示“在角上“,on指的 不是内面,也不是外面,而含内外兼有之意;at the corner指“在 拐角处”指的是拐角外附近的外面。初中英语语法非谓语动词“非谓语动词”可分为动词不定式、动名词和分词。它在句子中 的作用很多:除了不作谓语外,它可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、 状语与复合宾语(主语补语或宾语补语)。有些及物动词后面接不带 to的不定式作复合宾语。这些动词归纳如下:一感(feel).二听(hear, listen to), 三让(have, let, make), 四看(see, watCh, notice, observe)。再加上 help somebody (to) do something 和美国英语 look at somebody do somthingo 还有 “二让” 属特殊:get somebody to do something与keep somebody doingo而有些及物动词后面接动 名词(the-ing form)作宾语。这些动词归纳为一句话:Papa C makes friendso这是由如下动词的开头字母组成:permit, advise, practise, avoid,consider,mind, allow,keep,enjoy,suggest, finish, risk, imagine, escape, need, delay, stand(忍受)。 为了 容易记住,也可以编成顺口溜:”允许完成练习,建议避免冒险,考 虑延期逃跑,喜欢保持想象,需要反对忍受”。其相对应的动词依次 是:permit/allow,finish,practise;advise/suggest, avoid,risk: consider, delay, escape/miss; enjoy/appreciate, keep, imagine; need/want/require,mind, can't help/can, t stand。初中重要的英语语法复合句1、学生最容易混淆的是定语从句与同位语从句的区别。例如:例The news that our team has won the match is true.(同位语从句)B、 The news that he told us surprised everybody here.(定 语从句)关键的区别在于连接或关系代词that:有意义的是定语,无意 义的是同位。因为引导定语从句的that在从句中作主语或宾语,而 引导同位语从句的that只起到连接词的作用。2、接着容易混淆的是引导定语从句的关系代词that与which: that之前是不定(代词)、序数(词)、(形容词)最高级:which之前是 介词短语与逗号(非限制性)。例如:A、All that we have to do is to practise every day.中考英语必考句型1 . as if/though+主语+did/had done好像(表示现在或将来的情况用过去时;表示过去的情况用过去完成时)参考句型42 .情态动词+动词不定式完成结构的用法could have done "本来可以"(表示过去没有实现的可能)。might have done"本来可能;本来应该或可以做某事"(实际没有发生;含有轻微的责备语气。should/ought to have done "本来该做某事"(而实际未做)should not/ought not to have done "本来不该做"(实际却做过 了,含有责备语气)needn't have done "本来不必做"(但是已经做过了)would rather have done "当时宁愿做了某事"(实际没有做过); 否定式would rather not have done表达相反意思,两者都有表示" 后悔”之意。初考英语重点句型1. "wish +宾语从句”,表示不大 可能实现的愿望表示现在的愿望:主语+过去时;表示过去的愿望:主语+had done;表示将来的愿望:主语+would/could do2. It' s high/about time that somebody did (should do) (should 通常不省略)早就该3. as, though, although引导的让步状语从句。注意although位于句首;though位于句首或句中;as位于句中=thougho它的词序是把句中强调的形容词、副词、动词或名词放在 连词前。必考的重点高考英语句型1. would rather that somebody did”宁愿;更愿意"(表示现在或将来的愿望)would rather that somebody had done”宁愿;更愿意"(表示过去的愿望)2. before特殊用法(1)"没来得及就"before特殊用法(2)”过了多久才"或"动作进行到什么程度才"3. It was +时间段+before."过了多久才(怎么样)"It was not long before.”不久,就”It will (not) be+时间段+before."要过多久(不久)才"(before从句谓语动词要用一般时态)中考英语口语必备短句1. I see.我明白了。2. I quit!我不干了!3. Let go!放手!4. Me too.我也是。5. My god!天哪!6. No way!不行!7. Come on.来吧(赶快)英语常用经典30个句型1. as , aspossible 尽可能2. as long as 只要3. but for若不是因为4. can you believe (that)你相信吗5. can you imagine ' 你能想像 吗6. could you pleas explain'你能解释一下吗7. can11 we难道我们不能 吗8. do you by any chance know 你知道 吗9. do you enjoy doing 你喜欢 (做事)吗10. do you have any good ways to 你有没有 的好办法11. did you know that 你知道 吗12. do you know if/whether 你知道是否13. do/would you mind doing 如果 你是否介意14. do you realize (that)你有没有意识到15. do you think it is possible to 你认为 可能吗16. do you think it is necessary to 你认为 有必要吗17. doesn't make sense没有道理/没有意思/不清楚18. don't be afraid of 不要害怕19. don't you think that 难道你不觉得' 吗20. from where is tand从我的立场来说、'21. have you considered doing 你有没有考虑过(做事)22. hav you decided 你决定好了吗23. have you ever been to 你 曾去过 吗24. have you thought about/of 你有没有想过25. haven11 you heard of难道你没有听过 吗26. how are you getting on/along with 进展如何/与 相 处如何27. how are you going to 你打算如何28. how does sound(听起来)怎么样29. according to 依据/根据30. as far as I know 据我说知