2022年山西警察学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）.pdf

2022年山西警察学院自考英语（二）练习题汇 总（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】【I阅读选择】And yet although the Mayas knew about the wheel,they never used it.Neither did they use metals other than copper.What is ever more surprising is thatthey suddenly abandoned（抛弃）many of the cities and built new ones in the jungle.Some time around AD900,Mayan civilization collapsed.By the year 1200,their lastgreat capital,Chichen Itza,was deserted.One of the most surprising findings aboutMayas was t hat.A they developed accurate system measuring time.B they knew how to build pyramids with stones.C、they deserted their cities and moved to new ones.D they built cities which they never lived in.【正确答案】c【答案解析】对 应 点 为 What is ever more surprising is that they suddenlyabandoned many of the cities and built new ones in the jungle.是对原文语意进行 了转化，最高级代替了比较级。第2题【单选题】【填句补文】Home schooling is often more interesting than regular schools,butcritics say that home-schoolers are outsiders who might be uncomfortable mixingwith other people in adult l i fe.However,most parents dont have the timeor the desire to teach their children at home,so schools will continue to be wheremost children get their formal education.A、Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children.B、A number of parents prefer not to send their children to school.1C、Children who are educated at home are known as home-schoolers.D Others believe they can provide a better educational experience for theirchildren by teaching them at home.【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段大意是 对home schooling提出了质疑，需要注意前面说到了critics say”,空格处与之对应的是Critics also say”。第3题【单选题】2009.10 Poor speaker of English though he was at the time,he still managed tomake h i ms e l f.A understandB understoodC、understandingD、to understand【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题考查语法。那个时候虽然他说英语说得不好，但仍然可以让别人听懂。非谓语动词的选用。过去分词作宾语补足语表示被动以及动作的完成。第4题【单选题】【I阅读选择】Tom,a near-sighted young man,went on a blind date with a girl.Thetwo were satisfied with each other.And they exchanged their telephone numbers.What can we learn about Tom?A、Tom made a good impression on the girl at first.B It was the first time that Tom had dated a girl.C Tom was blind.D Tom was handsome and popular with the girls.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。细节判断题。从The two were satisfied with each other可知，相亲过后，两人对对方都很满意，所以A 选项正确，汤姆第一次见对方就2留下了很好的印象。B项所表述内容在文中找不到根据，不能判断这是汤姆第几次约会。根据文章描述，汤 姆 只 是near-sighted,远不到盲了的地步。文章仅讲述了汤姆和某一个女孩相亲的精力，对他的个人魅力以及是否受女孩欢迎并未提及。第5题【单选题】【填句补文】Doctors believe that secondhand smoke may cause lung cancer inpeople who do not smoke because nonsmokers often breathe in the smoke fromother peoples cigarettes.The US Environmental Protection Agencyreports that about 53,000 people die in the United States each year as a result ofexposure to secondhand smoke.A The risk is even higher for children who live in homes where both parentssmoke.B In the United States,nine million children under the age of five live in homeswith at least one smoker.C This smoke is called secondhand smoke.D、No one knows for sure why Mr.Gilson has lung cancer.【正确答案】c【答案解析】前一句提到，不吸烟者时常吸入他人香烟中冒出的烟，接下来应首选对此烟加以定义的句子。第6题【单选题】【概括大意】Wignall calculated the killing efficiency for these volcanoes bycomparing the proportion of life they killed off with the volume of lava that theyproduced.He found that size for size,older eruptions were at least 10 times aseffective at wiping out life as their more recent rivals.The main idea of this paragraphis.A Killing Power of Ancient Volcanic EruptionsB Accounting for the Killing Power of Older Eruptions3C、Calculation of the Killing Power of Older EruptionsD、A Mass Extinction【正确答案】c【答案解析】本段第一句话是说:Wignall calculated the killing efficiency for thesevolcanoes.；Wignall计算了这些火山的 灭绝效率 ；其中killing efficiency与killing Power意思差不多，属于同义词转换，因此选择B 或 C,但是account fo r意思是：（在数量方面）占；说 明（原因等）不符合句意，因此不选择B。第7题【单选题】【阅读判断】Despite the bad weather,troubled health service,traffic congestion（拥挤），gender inequality,and the high cost of living,Ireland scored an impressive 8.33points out of 10.Q:Cost of living in Ireland is pretty high.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。问题句说 爱尔兰的生活费用高。该段说 尽管气候恶劣，健康机构混乱，交通拥挤，性别歧视仍然存在，生活费用高，爱尔兰所获得的分数仍然给人留下了深刻的印象：满分为十分，爱尔兰获得了 8.33分。根据这个句子的内容可以知道 爱尔兰的生活费用高，因此问题句的说法与原文的说法一致。第8题【单选题】2009.01 Whenever I go out to dinner with him,I always paying the bill.A end upB、arrive atC、drop outD give off【正确答案】A4【答案解析】句意：每当我与他外出吃饭，最后总是我付账。考查短语意义区分。A以 而告终；B 达到，取得；C不参加，隐退；D 散发。第9题【单选题】【阅读选择】The world is not only hungry;it is also thirsty for water.This may seemstrange to you,since nearly 75%of the earths surface is covered with water.Butabout 97%of this huge amount is sea-water,or salt water.Man can only drink anduse the other 3%-the fresh water that comes from rivers,lakes,underground,andother sources.And we cannot even use all of that,because some of it is in the formof icebergs（冰山）and glaciers（冰I）.Even worse,some of it has beenpolluted.What percentage of the earths water can man actually use at present?A Nearly 75 per cent.B、About 97 per cent.C、Exactly 3 per cent.D Less than 3 percent.【正确答案】D【答案解析】根据本段得知，地球上只有3%的水适于人类饮用，然而部分以冰山或冰川的形式存在，还有的被污染，因而实际上人类能用的水要低于3%。第10题【单选题】2010.04 The spokesman occasionally his speech with gestures.A、acknowledgesB、accompaniesC、attributesD anticipates【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题考查词汇。【译文】这位发言人讲演中偶尔伴有手势。第11题【单选题】52009.04 This is the first time that a woman has been to the post.A grantedB、praisedC、pointedD appointed【正确答案】D【答案解析】译文：这是第一次任命一位妇女担任此职位。试题分析：本题考查词义辨析。团详细解答：A 允许、同意；B 表扬、赞扬；C 指、指出；D 指定、任命、委任。第12题【单选题】【阅读判断】The UK is portioned at No.29,a much lower position chiefly because ofthe social and family breakdown recorded in official statistics.The US,which has thesecond highest per capita GDP（人均国内生产总值）after Luxembourg,took the 13thplace in the survey.China was in the lower haft of the league at 60th.Q:The UnitedStates of America is among the top 10 countries in the survey.A、TrueB、FalseC Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。问题句说“美国位于前十个国家的行列。The US,which hasthe second highest per capita GDP（人均国内生产总值）after Luxembourg,took the13th place in the survey.该句说“美国的人均国内生产总值排名第2,仅位于卢森堡之后，因此美国在这项调查中位于第13位。显然问题句的说法与该句的说法不一致，因此判断问题句 错误。第13题【单选题】2008.10 Country life is better than city life it offers fresh air and noiselessenvironment.6A、in thatB as thatC、as forD、in which【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题考查复合句。句意为：乡村生活好过城市生活，因为它空气新鲜且环境无噪音。in that是复合连接词，只在一定的句式中使用。也可以用作一个固定词组。A 在于，原因是,在 方面；C.关于,至于，举例：I like the countrybetter in that it is closer to nature.我更喜欢乡村，因为它更接近自然。第14题【单选题】【填句补文】There is a difference between science and technology.Science has to do with discovering the facts and relationships between observablephenomena in nature and with establishing theories that serve to organize thesefacts and relationships;technology has to do with tools,techniques,and proceduresfor applying the findings of science.A、Another distinction between science and technology has to do with theprogress in each.B We are all familiar with the improper use of technology.C、Unlike science,progress in technology must be measured in terms of thehuman factor.D、Science is a method of answering theoretical questions;technology is amethod of solving practical problems.【正确答案】D【答案解析】第一句总述了科学和技术是有差别的。缺空后是对两者的分述，因此缺空处也应是对两者的分述，故选D。第15题【单选题】2010.04 In order to follow fashions,the girl has to great discomforts.7A、catch up withB put up withC、keep up withD、fall in with【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题考查短语辨析。【译文】为了跟随时尚，这个女孩不得不忍受极度地不舒适。put up with：忍受。catch up with：追上，赶上。keep up with：和 保持联系。fall in with：偶然遇到，赞同。第16题【单选题】【阅读选择 1 Many years passed and the young man was very successful in business.He had a beautiful home and wonderful family,but realized his father was very old,and thought perhaps he should go to him.He had not seen him since that graduationday.Before he could make arrangements to see his father,he received a telegramtelling him his father had passed away,and willed all of his possessions to his son.Heneeded to come home immediately and take care things.When he arrived at hisfathers house,sudden sadness and regret filled his heart.When the young manarrived home,he fel t.A sadB disappointedC、horribleD、nervous【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选Ao事实细节题。年轻人回到家里，出现了两个关键词sadness和 regret,可以判断年轻人的心情是非常伤心的。故选A。第17题【单选题】【I阅读选择 1 Parents often decide on the basis of what their children want.Cathy,amother told us,My children have packed lunches,because they say they hate8school dinners.I make 3 packed lunches every morning,so our kitchen is like asandwich bar in the morning.However;another mother,Susan made her choicebased on the nutritious value of the food.She said,zzMy daughter always has schooldinners.I think she probably gets healthier food by having a cooked lunch at schoolthan she would if I made a few sandwiches/Which of the following is TRUE accordingto the passage?A、Katz thinks chips are good for his kids.B、Susans daughter likes eating sandwiches.C、Cathy may have at least three children.D Jamie likes burgers and pizzas.【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选Co细节查找并简单推断题。从本段，特别是I make 3 packedlunches every morning.可知Cathy有三个孩子在上学，有没有不上学的孩子不得而知，故选项C 为最佳选项。其他三项均与原文意思不符。第18题【单选题】2009.7 He would that all the classified data should be kept safe when inoffice.A assureB、ensureC、insureD、secure【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题考查动词意义区分。【译文】他保证在办公室里的所有机密数据处于安全状态。【详细解答】A 使确信，使有信心；B 确 保（某事）发生，担保；C 为 投保，给 保险；D 安全的，没有危险的第19题【单选题】【I阅读选择 But just like your alarm clock,your internal clock can be reset.In fact,it9automatically resets itself every day.How?By using the light it gets through youreyes.Scientists have known for a long time that the light of day and the dark of nightplay important roles in setting our internal clocks.For years,researchers thought thatthe signals that synchronize the bodys clock were handled through the samepathways that we use to see.Which of the following statements is NOT true accordingto the fourth and fifth paragraphs?A、Our biological clock resets itself automatically.B、Light gets through our eyes and resets our biological clock.C Our internal clock as well as the alarm clock can be reset automatically.D Our internal clock,like the alarm clock,can be reset.【正确答案】C【答案解析】是非判断题，根据第五自然段首句But just like（和 一样）youralarm clock,your internal clock can be reset.In fact,it automatically resets itselfevery day.How?By using the light it gets through your eyes.代词 it 指代 biologicalclock,不是选项internal clock和 alarm dock都可以自动调节。得到答案为Co A D我们的生物钟自动调节。B 光线通过我们的眼睛调节生物钟，与原文一致。第20题【单选题】【填句补文】The future is much too important to simply guess about,the way thehigh school students did.by carefully studying the present,skilledbusinessmen,scientists,and politicians are supposedly able to figure out in advancewhat will happen.A The stock market had its worst losses everB、Buildings would rotate so they could follow the sun to take maximumadvantage of its light and heatC、So experts are regularly asked to predict accuratelyD The article was written in 1958【正确答案】C【答案解析】第一句说的是：预测未来很重要，不能像中学生那样猜测。这一空10的关键词是experts,他们不同于中学生，他们的预测应该是较为准确的。第21题【单选题】【阅读选择】Climate scientists are not present everywhere.Because there are somany places in the world and not enough scientists to observe all of them,theyreasking for your help in observing signs of climate change across the world.The citizenscientist movement encourages ordinary people to observe a very specific researchinterest birds,trees,flowers budding,etc,and send their observations to a giantdatabase to be observed by professional scientists.This helps a small number ofscientists track a large amount of data that they would never be able to gather ontheir own.Much like citizen journalists helping large publications cover a hyper-localbeat,citizen scientists are ready for the conditions where they live.All thats neededto become one is a few minutes each day or each week to gather data and send itin.In“All thats needed to become one.（paragraph 2）,what does the word onestands for?A、a citizen journalistB、a citizen scientistC、a scientistD、a citizen【正确答案】B【答案解析】one不仅是数词也是代词；代词指代的名词或句子一般出现在代词的前一句，要注意区分代词单、复数。第22题【单选题】阅读选择In the next stage,from three to five years old,curiosity knows nobounds.Every type of suitable toy should be made available to the child,for tryingout,experimenting and learning,for discovering his own particular ability.Bricks andjigsaws1七 工 5板）and construction toys;painting,scribbling（涂鸦）and making things;Sand and water play;toys for imaginative and pretending play;the first social games11for learning to play and get on with others.We learn from the passage that a child hasboundless c u r i o s i t y.A、when he is two.B when he is around four.C when he is six.D、when he is eight.【正确答案】B 答案解析】根据 In the next stage,from three to five years old,curiosity knows nobounds可以得出答案是Bo第23题【单选题】2008.10 Never before so rapidly developing as it is today.A、has our country beenB has been our countryC our country has beenD our country been has【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题考查语法。【译文】我们国家从未像现在这样高速发展。【详细解答】否定词never在句首，该句子应采用部分倒装。第24题【单选题】【填句补文】The future is much too important to simply guess about,the way thehigh school students did.by carefully studying the present,skilledbusinessmen,scientists,and politicians are supposedly able to figure out in advancewhat will happen.A、The stock market had its worst losses everB、Buildings would rotate so they could follow the sun to take maximumadvantage of its light and heatC、So experts are regularly asked to predict accurately12D、The article was written in 1958【正确答案】c【答案解析】第一句说的是：预测未来很重要，不能像中学生那样猜测。这一空的关键词是experts,他们不同于中学生，他们的预测应该是较为准确的。第25题【单选题】【阅读选择】But Ellen really became famous in 2001.Aged only 24,she was one ofonly two women who entered the Vendee Globe round the world solo race（单人环球帆月台比赛），which lasts 100 days.Despite many problems,she came second in therace out of 24 competitors and she was given a very warm welcome when shereturned.In the Vendee Globe race,Ellen won.A a gold medalB、The Best Woman Sailor awardC、The Young Sailor of the Year awardD、the second place【正确答案】D【答案解析】细节查找题答案特点：答案一般在原文有共同或相似关键词。第26题【单选题】【完成句子】In Britain,robot sales appropriately peaked in 1984,but have beendeclining ever since.This is partly because,British wage rates are too low to makerobots financially attractive and partly because engineers now have more experiencewith robots and are more aware of the difficulties of introducing themeffectively.Robots are less popular in Britain today partly be c a us e.A too much energyB、based on American designsC、they are too costlyD they are not reliable【正确答案】C13【答案解析】本段第二句就是讲的两个原因，即人们的工资水平太低，也就是没有能力使机器人发挥出创造财富的作用，言下之意就是成本高。第二个原因就是人们逐渐意识到了操纵机器人不是件容易的事情，所以使用率就下降了。所以应该选C。第27题【单选题】【填句补文】David Guterson and his wife teach their three children at home.Guterson says that his children learn very differently from children in school:.For example,when there is heavy snowfall on a winter day,it may start adiscussion or reading about climate,snow removal equipment,Alaska,polar bears（北极熊）,and winter tourism.A spring evening when the family is out watchingthe stars is a good time to ask questions about satellites and the space program.A、Some parents prefer teaching their children at home because they do notbelieve that public schools teach the correct religious values.B、Learning starts with the childrens interests and questions.C、Interest