第13讲 Unit 6 话题作文及综合题型（精英学案）.docx

主 题7B Unit6话题作文及综合题型学习目标1、话题：爱丽丝续写；2、任务型阅读+首字母填空。 教学内容【课堂导学】What happened?1. 上次课后巩固练习2. 预习思考sit by the river see a rabbit jump down a big hole notice a small door 【知识点梳理】【知识梳理1】 话题：爱丽丝续写常用写作句型：1. Alice didnt know .2. What happened after that ?3. Then the rabbit and Alice .4. Then she found herself 5. She could see.6. run across .after.7. let.get away8. find oneself alone 9. Go through the door 10. on the other side11. Become smaller and smaller 12. be.enough to do sth 13. feel a little ill14. be too small to reach the key15. Taste sweet16. Walk towards the door17. know what to do18. try to do sth19. decide to enter the garden 20. go back to the table句子翻译1.告诉我接下来做什么，好吗？Tell me _ _ _ _,will you？2.他又吃了一些食物。He ate _ _food.3.冬天来了，白天变得越来越短。When winter comes, days get_ _ _.4.他很强壮，可以搬动那个箱子。He is _ _ _ _ the heavy box.5别忘了你们的家庭作业！Dont _ _your homework!1. 我们不得不返回学校。We _ _ _ _to school.2. 我有点渴了。I am _ _thirsty.8.爱丽丝决定买下那件连衣裙。Alice_ _ _that dress.9. 我们学校的英语老师们找到了英语学习的新方法。The teachers in our school found _English?10. 咖啡是有史以来最流行的饮料吗？Is coffee the most popular drink _?爱丽丝梦游仙境续写爱丽丝跟着兔子进了一栋房子，可兔子不见了，桌上有瓶饮料，爱丽丝喝了后，身体越长越大，恢复了原样。他透过二楼窗户向外望，只见兔子和许多小动物拼命往房子里扔石头，“消灭这个怪物！”兔子大叫。石头变成了小点心，爱丽丝吃了之后又变小了，比刚才还小。 一条淘气的狗，汪汪地叫着追过来，爱丽丝慌忙的躲到了蘑菇伞下。一条青虫躺在蘑菇上休息，“青虫先生，请你告诉我，怎么才能变大？”青虫说：“只要吃了蘑菇就可以变大。”她吃了蘑菇，脖子一下变得很长，一只鸽子飞来，拼命地啄着：“蛇女，又来偷鸟蛋的吧！” _【知识梳理2】首字母填空的解题方法和技巧短文填空题失分率较高，其原因也是较多的。有些同学或急于求成，或过于自信，或为节省时间，在未通读完全文时便匆匆答题。殊不知这样做会适得其反，达不到良好的效果。因此，了解和掌握正确的解题方法和技巧是十分必要的。1、通读全文，了解大意 短文中虽有一些词未知，但不影响对文章主要内容的理解。在初步阅读中，可以跳过空格，尽量捕捉文章所提供的内容信息，以及语法结构方面的提示，有助于下一步的分析与判断。 2、再读全文，理清脉络    通读全文、掌握大意后，还应逐字逐句地仔细阅读，从文意中找出句与文、句与句、词与句、词与词之间的关系，尤其是一些不易察觉的、隐含的微妙关系，用已知信息去获取未知信息，以便初步确定答案。在答题过程中，同学们可以把有把握的词先填好，逐步减少空格对阅读造成的障碍，然后再仔细推敲剩下的难题。 3、仔细推敲，确保准确    词义判断正确了不等于答题正确，同学们还应从词法、句法、惯用法等方面考虑答案的准确性。有的学生经过思考确定了一个意思正确的词作为答案，但忽略了从语法角度再进行验证，因而出现了一些与时态、人称等有关的词形变化的错误。如果填的词是名词，首先要考虑到单、复数的问题；如果是动词，要考虑应使用什么时态和语态。 注意：填入的词既能使句意通顺，又能做到语法、用词搭配的正确。如bought易误答成buy；lights易误答成light；reaches易误答成reach; heavier易误答成heavy等。 因此，在初步确定答案后，一定还要反复考虑，仔细推敲，确保用词准确4、复读全文，全面检查答题完毕后复读全文，进行核查是必不可少的。做完题后，一定要认真检查，尽量减少粗心所致的笔误或拼写错误，对有疑问的地方，更要根据文章的内容、上下文的语法结构、逻辑发展进行反复斟酌，这样才能尽量避免失分。【例题精讲】（1）Hi! My name is Stephen and I live in a small flat in London. I chose to live here because there is never a b 1 moment in a city like London. I'm an art student and the busy life in a city does good to my painting. In addition, I can get everything I need so close at hand, living beside the underground station means I don't need a car to get around. It saves（节省）me m 2 . Also there are malls, cinemas, libraries and museums everywhere. Of course, London like any large city, has p 3 , too. Londoners don't chat on the underground or bus and there is much less community spirit than in the country, where my parents lives. In fact, they don't understand how I can put up with the noise and pollution, and traffic jams. However, I see that as a small price to p 4 . As a famous saying goes, “he who is tired of London is tired of life."Hello! My name is Marianna and I live in Australia, on a huge ranch（农场）. It's a beautiful area with wonderful scenery. I live with my husband Joe and our t 5 children, Patrick, 11, and Abby, 8. We have lived on this ranch for several years and we love our healthy lifestyle. The c 6 have lots of spare（空间）to run around and enjoy the peace and quiet. The air is clean and fresh. We produce a lot of our own food which is nice and healthy. There's lots of hard work to do running a ranch, but we don't mind.Of course, country life also has weak points. We feel isolated（孤独的）sometimes, too, because the nearest neighbors（邻居）are almost 100 km away. One more trouble is that we can't get many things as e 7 as we do in the city. There are no schools, supermarkets or shops, and if we are ill we have to call the flying doctor. Although life here can be difficult, we wouldn't change it for the world.（2） Do you have bright ideas? Ideas for inventions（发明）that change the world or, at least, make life easier for somebody? P 1 we all do sometimes, but we don't often make the idea a real thing. Recently, there was a competition（比赛）in a country, which encouraged young people to make their bright ideas come true. There were t 2 groups in the contest: Group A was for school children under 16; Group B was for those o 3 16. And there were eleven prize-winners altogether. Neil Hunt, one of the prize-winners, was c 4 “Sunshine Superman” by one newspaper writing about his design. When people study the weather, it's important to be able to record the sunshine accurately. We need to know how many h 5 of sunshine we have and how strong it is. Most sunshine recorders o 6 record direct （直接的）sunshine. Neil's is more accurate（精准的）and this is very important for research into ways of using solar power. Neil plans to keep inventing. The ideas in the competition were so g 7 that we are surprised that the industry（工业界）doesn't ask more school children for suggestions.（3） People often think Dimetrodon is a dinosaur（恐龙），but it was in fact n l a dinosaur at all. It was one of the reptiles（爬虫动物）on the earth during the 1 2 Permlan（二叠纪）period. It was a large reptile. It lived in swampy（沼泽的）areas and had a very funny feature-a large sail（脊鳍）on its b 3 . Dimetrodon was a 4 to warm up in the morning and cool off q 5 during the day with the help of its sail. It's easy to distinguish（区别）a Dimetrodon f 6 a dinosaur. Dimetrodon's legs were on the side of its body while dinosaurs had their legs under their bodies.It was very heavy b 7 it can ran very fast .（4） Every day standing at my information desk, I have to answer 1 l of questions of the travellers coming from all o 2 the world. People may a 3 the strangest things sometimes. I'm often surprised at the different questions that people ask. My job is o 4 to give information about bus and underground railway routes（路线）in the city. Of course, travellers always have questions about the best ways to get to some interesting places. But quite often people are interested to know the names of the best hotels or restaurants. Others like to know about museums, hospitals or schools. Once a man w 5 me to take care of his dog and a 6 time a woman asked me to watch her seven children! I love my job t 7 Im always busy.【巩固练习】Now if you go out or surf the Internet, one word is very popular a 1 young people. That is the word “fashion”. But lots of young people dont know what it really means. They just think new hair s 2 is fashionable, a new kind of clothes is fashionable, and even smoking or drinking is fashionable. So they just try to do something to m 3 themselves (他们自己) look fashionable. These young people often do something w 4 . Some children buy cigarettes (香烟) and smoke them without (没有) letting their teachers or parents know. Some students begin to l 5 to drink and it costs them a lot of money. Some children want their parents to b 6 them mobile phones, but they just use their phones to play games and c 7 with their friends. Some young students like to run after “fashionable” stars. They often do their best to see music stars and sometimes they have to go f 8 away to see the stars face to face. They often h 9 to look here and there for the information (信息) of the “fashionable” stars.But many other people dont think so. They think fashion means m 10 and useful (有用的) things to people around us. Children should try to be really fashionable. 1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.【知识梳理3】任务型解题技巧任务型阅读的题型分类1. 信息查找，直接获取答案型解题思路：此类题属于细节题，可以直接在原文中能够找到，问题的题干与原文大致相同，所以所需要的词不需要变换形式，可以直接从文中进行摘抄。2. 信息转换，间接获取答案型此类题在实际做题环节时应注意根据问题查找定位信息，但这些信息仅为线索或某种提示并非最终答案，一定记得加工分析并转换成另一种表达方式，方为正确答案。3. 信息归纳题，综合概括获答案根据问题查找定位信息，找共性的东西。归纳词的特征包括：概括性（在最大程度上覆盖栏内信息)、针对性（量体裁衣，大小适度)、醒目性（简洁）。常见概括性词汇有以下几类，需要学生掌握：原因：cause(s) / reason(s) 结果/结论： result(s) / /conclusion(s) 目的：purpose/ aim建议提示： advice / suggestion(s) / tip(s) 问题：problem(s) /trouble方式方法：way(s) / solution(s)措施行动：action好处/坏处：advantage(s)/ disadvantage(s)主题：theme(s) / topic(s) / subject(s)种类：type(s) / kind(s) /重要性/意义：importance(s) 常见的转换方式（1）词性转换名词、动词、形容词、副词等词类间的转化；在初中范围内，常见的词性转换为：1）名词变为形容词：加y:直接加y: health-healthy; frost-frosty; rain-rainy; difficultdifficulty;双写为字母加y: sun-sunny; fog-foggy;去e加y: noise-noisy加ful或者less:hope-hopeful/ hopeless; meaning-meaningful/ meaningless; wonder-wonderful; cheer-cheerful; colour-colouful; cheer-cheerful; success-successful; end-endless;2）形容词变为副词：直接加ly: careful-carefully; beautiful-beautifully; bad-badly; excited-excitedly;以y结尾将y变为ily: angry-angrily; heavy-heavily; noisy-noisily; happy-happily;以le结尾将le变为ly: comfortable-comfortably; possible-possibly; simple-simply;去e加ly: true-truly.3）动词/形容词变为名词：加ment:agreeagreement; treat-treatment; advertise-advertisement; punish-punishment;improve-improvement; develop-development;加ion:collect-collection; donate-donation; educate-education; organize-organization; invent-invention;加ness:rich-richness; kind-kindness; ill-illness; ugly-ugliness; sick-sickness;sad-sadness4）动词变为形容词：加ed/ ing:surprise- surprising/ surprised; excite-exciting/ excited; tire-tiring/ tired; please-pleasing(pleasant)/ pleased; （2）词意转换词汇转换包括同义词、反义词等功能替代型转换；初中范围内（牛津教材）出现的：1）在单词前加上否定前缀构成形容词的反义词：一般情况下，在形容词前加un: e.g. necessary-unnecessary; welcome-unwelcome; comfortable-uncomfortable;几种特殊情况，需要再形容词前加in; ir; im; dis等：e.g.加in-: active-inactive; correct-incorrect; 加ir-: regular-irregular;加im-: possible-impossible; patient-impatient; polite-impolite;加dis-: honest-dishonest;2）常见的反义词：cheap-expensive; long-short; same-different; hot-cold; happy-sad; fast-slow; easy-difficult;generous-selfish; modest-proud; strong-weak; hardworking-lazy; clever-silly; remember-forget.3）常见的同义词：happiness=joy; strong= powerful; sad= unhappy; afraid= worried; energetic= lively; calm= relaxed;influence= affect; know= realize; need= require; hope= wish（3）句子结构转换语法匹配 (to, -ing, -ed, 主被动语态的转换)、连词、介词的运用、固定句型、同义句等都属于句子结构转换的内容。【例题精讲】 The ways for American children to make moneyIn China, children can get money from their parents without doing anything. But in America, children usually do some easy jobs to make their own money. They often look around to see what job they can do. There are many to make money. Here are some jobs they usually do.Watching babiesMost parents need someone to watch their babies if they want to go out. Watchers might play games, draw pictures or read a story to the babies. Sometimes, they have to feed the babies and put them to bed.Do some cleaningWhen people have no time to clean their gardens or the snow in front of their houses, they are glad to pay somebody to do this.Delivering （送） newspapersBoys and girls can walk or ride a bike to deliver the newspapers from door to door. They must do this every day if they want to make money in this way.Walking dogsThey have to walk dogs every day. Find out which neighbours want them to walk their dogs. They can take two or three dogs out at the same time if the dogs like each other.(1)_Work place(2)_ they doWho they work for/ How they workWatching babiesBabies homePlay games, draw pictures, or read a story to the babies; (3)_the babies or put them to bedBabies (4)_Do some (5)_In the gardens or in front of the houseClean the snow or (6)_PeopleDelivering newspapers(7)_Deliver the newspapers from door to doorOn footBy (8)_Walking dogsOutdoorsTake dogs out for a(9)_(10)_My name is Jane. My job is to write stories and newsletters for a magazine（杂志）. I love travelling and hope to visit Great Britain one day. Id like a pen friend from London. I hope my pen friend is interested in talking about the differences（差异）between Europe and Asia. I love listening to pop music and playing football.I am Mike. Im a businessman and have a large company（公司）with many workers. I would like to find a pen friend who is also a businessman and lives in North America. I like using the Internet.I am working in a university（大学）. I speak English, French and Russian. My family name is Jackson but my students usually call me Sarah, my first name. Id like a pen friend who is interested in language learning and works in Oxford University. I dont like using computers for learning and I believe that true language learning can only happen in a classroom.I am Peter and interested in the differences between East Europe and North America. I love riding my horse Jackie and listening to jazz. I usually get up at 7 oclock and go to school around 7:30 in the morning. I want to find a pen friend who has the same interest as me living in Sydney.Cindy is my first name. I am working in a travel agency（旅行社）. Sometimes people call me Miss Guide as I am working. Id like to find a pen friend who comes from Europe. I like playing the piano and listening to jazz. I am interested in history, but I dont like talking about languages.First nameJob Likes Pen friendJane 1 She loves travelling, listening to pop music and playing football. She hopes her pen friend comes from London and is 2 in talking about the differences between Europe and Asia.MikeBusinessmanHe likes using the Internet.He hopes his pen friend is a businessman, 3 and lives in North America. 4 TeacherShe likes language learning in a 5 .She hopes her pen friend works in Oxford University and 6 language learning.PeterStudentHe loves riding 7