江苏省部分市2021-2022学年高一下学期期末英语试卷汇编：阅读理解专题.docx

江苏省部分市2021-2022学年高一下学期期末解析版英语试卷分类汇编 阅读理解专题江苏省淮安市2021-2022学年高一下学期期末调研测试英语试题一、阅读理解Hand gestures (手势) have been commonly used in our daily communication. They add to the message by filling in what words sometimes leave behind. But are you somewhat aware of the history that goes behind some of these popular hand gestures?HandshakeWhether youre greeting someone for the first time, or successfully negotiating (商定) an agreement, shaking hands is usually the go-to gesture. Who decided on this customary gesture, anyway? The history of the handshake dates back to ancient Greece, showing that neither person was carrying a weapon.Thumbs up and thumbs downMaybe youre familiar with the popular story of this hand gesture dating back to Roman times. When a gladiator (角斗士) lost, the crowd would either stick their thumbs out to have him killed or just not make any sign at all. The thumbs up decided the gladiators fate (命运) . After WWII, thumbs up only came to mean that things were going smoothly. And thumbs down meant the opposite.High fiveAccording to some sources, the high five first became popular when baseball players performed at Dodger Stadium on October 2, 1977. Glenn Burke, one of the capable players, lifted his am high above his head and slapped palms with his teammate Dusty Baker to celebrate a milestone home run, marking what is widely regarded as the first recorded example of a high five.The fist bumpThe fist bump comes from boxers in the 1970s after people began imitating how they touched gloves before a competition. Later, instead of shaking hands, first bumps became popular among basketball players. The gesture soon spread to all basketball lovers, and, before long, to the President of the United States.1What did “thumbs up” mean to a gladiator in Roman times?ABeing cheered.BBeing killed.CBeing appreciated.DBeing blamed.2Which gesture is in celebration of a home run?ABCD3Which aspect do all the four gestures mention?AThe history.BThe future.CThe power.DThe importance.Emma Rosen had one of the best and most sought-after jobs in the civil service in the UK. 20,000 candidates (候选人) applied, but fewer than 1,000 were offered jobs. But it turned out that she didnt like sitting at a desk all day, and she struggled to see how what she was doing would make much difference to anything.Instead of going to work every day and complaining about her job until she reached retirement age, Emma decided to find out what made her happy, what her skills were, and what sort of career would need them. She wrote a list of the jobs she had wanted to do since childhood and set about getting two-week placements (安排) in all of them over a year.She was 24 years old, and she wanted o have tried out at least 25 different jobs before her 25th birthday. She spent the months before she quit her job saving up her year off, and. spent all her free time setting up the different jobs.A year later, Emma said her favorites were the jobs that were more creative, relevant to travel or were outdoors. “Things like travel writing, archaeology, farming, working with the police, being a blogger, an explorer and an author,” she said.“Considering that I am now working as a writer and speaker, communication skills in both verbal (口头的) and written form have been the most important. There were also plenty of more technical skills that I learned, like website design, social media management, building a commercial brand and conducting interviews.”Emma added she also saw her softer people-focused skills improve. “I could be very adaptable, quickly build relationships and accept changeI could walk into a new team or situation and get on well with everyone. Finally, there were things like showing that I was active, an independent and creative thinker as well as an innovative problem solverI could certainly show that I could think outside the box!”4What does the underlined word “sought-after” mean in the first paragraph?AComplicated.BDesirable.COrdinary.DTraditional.5Why did Emma quit her job in the civil service?AThe job made no difference to anything.BThe job made her complain all day long.CShe was struggling to do the current job.DShe was eager to realize her self-worth.6Which of the following best describes Emmas favorite jobs?AThey are care-free and popular ones in civil service.BThey are only the ones needing communication skills.CThey are where creativity and skills were badly needed.DThey have nothing to do with travel or outdoors.7What can we infer from the last two paragraphs?AEmma benefited much from experiencing a variety of jobs.BEmma acquired technical skills to build a commercial brand.CEmma was flexible enough to change situations to her favor.DEmma thought independently to be a creative problem solver.Families with unhealthy diets have worse mental health than those who mostly avoid meals packed with sugar, fat and salt. A new study is the first to show that childrens mental health is not immune to what they eat, especially inflammatory (引起炎症的) diets.The effects of inflammatory diets are putting kids on a path to poor mental health from as young as age 11. The evidence (证据) is now well proved that inflammation in the body is actually damaging bodies gradually and leading to many chronic (慢性的) diseases.The Murdoch Childrens Research Institute (MCRI) looked at the diets and self-reported mental health of more than 1,800 Australian parents and their 11-to-12-year-old children. as well as measuring markers of chronic inflammation in their blood.The study, published in the British Journal of Nutrition, showed the benefits of healthy eatingnamely anti-inflammatory diets high in fruit and vegetablesextended beyond physical health, and that families can eat their way to good mental health.A childs weight was not an influencing factor. Regardless (不管) of size, the bad effects of inflammatory diets high in processed foods affected children across the board.Lead researcher at the MCRI, Dr Kate Lycett said while research had shown that specific anti-inflammatory diets could reduce depression symptoms (症状) in adults, people knew little about the effect on children and how a typical family dieta mix of both inflammatory and anti-inflammatory foodsaffected mental health.“What surprised me was we saw the same results in terms of the risk in children and parents,” Dr Lycett said. “Thats really important, because as adults we try to control what we eat. We know when we eat a packet of chips we feel sad, but we often dont think about that when we give our kids those chips.”8Which diet should children avoid?AThe diet high in processed foods.BThe diet low in sugar, fat and salt.CThe diet high in fruit and vegetables.DThe diet low in inflammatory foods.9What can we know about Dr Lycetts study?AInflammation in our body contributes to chronic diseases.BWe can eat our way to good health physically and mentally.CA childs mental health is not immune to his or her weight.DAnti-inflammatory diets can reduce depression symptoms.10What does Dr Lycett really want to express in the last paragraph?AThe risk of giving adults inflammatory foods.BThe feeling of eating a packet of tasty chips.CThe effect of a typical family diet on children.DThe importance of controlling what kids eat.11What is the best title for the text?AHealthy eating leads to no inflammationBFamily diets have a mixed effect on kidsCUnhealthy diets are harming kids mental healthDJunk food is damaging kids physical healthWho was it on the top floor?The lamp lit up a mans face. Pip didnt recognize it, but the expression showed that its owner was pleased to see Pip.Suddenly Pip knew who he was when he sat down in a chair near the fire! The convict in the churchyard years ago!“You helped me, Pip,” said the man. “I have never forgotten it.”Pip felt none for him, saying, “If youve come here to thank me, it isnt necessary. You must understand. But you are tired. Would you like something to drink before you go?”“Thank you. I know, you are no longer what you used to be. It doesnt hurt to ask how you managed to live such a life as a gentleman.”“I have a benefactor,” Pip replied, embarrassed.“Could I guess your income?” said the convict, smiling. “Is the first figure five?”Pips heart started to beat very fast.“And do you have a guardian whose name begins with the letter J?”Suddenly Pip understood why the man was there. He stood up and held the back of a chair. The man took Pips hands and kissed them. But Pip still remembered that this man was a criminal.“Youre like a son of me, Pip. I was working for you in Australia,” the man went on. “Im happy you are spending my money.”Pip smiled and listened weakly.“It wasnt easy for me to see you and stay with you here. I was sent away for life. If they find me back in London, theyll hang me.”Feeling even worse and too confused, Pip just said, “You are tired. You need a good sleep. Good night.”After an hour or two, something started to become clear to Pip. Miss Havisham had no interest in his future or plans for him and Estella. She was using them to take her revenge on men!12What does the fifth paragraph imply?AThanks to Pip came much too late to be accepted.BPip was excited enough to speak quite out of breath.CThe man didnt know Pip was already a gentleman.DPip actually declared the visitor to be unwelcome.13What do we know about the mans character in the passage?AHe was affectionate.BHe was proud.CHe was disgusting.DHe was cruel.14What truth did Pip finally find out?AHe once helped the man hidden on the top floor.BThe man was taken away from England for life.CNot Havisham but the man was his benefactor.DOnce a convict, always a dangerous convict.15What might still puzzle Pip?AWhere the man came from.BHow the man became a criminal.CWho was the benefactor of him.DWhat risk the man took to see him.江苏省连云港市2021-2022学年高一下学期期末调研考试英语试题一、阅读理解A few Toronto area students are getting the March Break of a lifetime. Here are several local trips planned.The Strachan School: Kingston, JamaicaDuration: March 11-21Cost: $ 2,500 (per student)A group of 12 visitors from the all-girls school will stay in Kingston to teach kids to read and learn common words. The students will learn how to identify common struggles new readers have.Garth Webb Secondary School: Costa RicaDuration: March 11-20Cost: $ 2,935 (per student)On an environmental trip to Costa Rica, students will focus on biodiversity. The group of 8 students will visit La Selva Biological Station to see biodiversity first-hand. The students will also visit a farm to learn about how local plants are used as medicine.Multiple Schools: New York, USADuration: March 13-19Cost: $ 1,800 (per student)14 students from Ontario will explore different career options in fashionable New York. The students will learn that there are more jobs in the fashion industry than just drawing clothes as a designer. Students will communicate with a newsman from Footwear News. Theyll put on a mini fashion show in Central Park.Guelph Collegiate Vocational Institute: France and SpainDuration: March 8-17Cost: $ 3,400 (per student)A group of 19 students will head to France and Spain. For two days theyll be in France touring and will stop by Monaco, Eze and Nice. In the three cities theyll take a guided tour and end their trip in Barcelona.1What can we learn about the trip to Costa Rica?AIt lasts the longest.BIt centers on plants.CIt is the most expensive.DIt is designed for girls.2What will students do in New York?AMeet a reporter.BLearn to draw.CSee a fashion show.DDesign clothes.3On which trip can students visit several cities?AMultiple schools.BGarth Webb Secondary.CThe Strachan School.DGuelph Collegiate Vocational Institute.Since COVID-19 first appeared in 2020, Shanghai has held over 180 press conferences to inform the public of the latest situation. Have you ever watched them on TV?If you have, then youve probably noticed that there is always a busy but silent man or woman on the right side of the screen. These people are sign language interpreters.Thanks to the team of seven, people with hearing loss can receive timely and accurate pandemic information.The job is not easy. Its a real test of ones knowledge. During one press conference, Dr. Zhang Wenhong used a few medical terms. They were hard for ordinary people to understand. But Tang Wenyan, one of the interpreters, managed to communicate their meanings to people who cannot hear. “For cycle threshold, for example, I interpreted it as an important value,” she said. We need to make our interpretations as easy to understand as possible.Tang has had 16 years of experience in sign language interpretation. The woman picked up sign language out of curiosity. Later, after discovering a serious shortage of sign language interpreters, she decided to build a career out of it. Tang admits that her job is tiring. However, she really wants to do her bit to make her city a better place. Behind the hard work, she says, is the wish to help people who cannot hear to overcome the difficulties they meet with in their lives.Such efforts seem to be paying off. Tang and her colleagues have won lots of praise from the deaf community. More importantly, many people have become interested in sign language after watching their interpretations.Perhaps one day you, too, can join the interpreters to become a “bridge” between the deaf community and the rest of society.4What do sign language interpreters do?AGive talks on TV.BCreate hard medical terms.CHold press conferences.DCommunicate with the deaf.5Why did Tang Wenyan decide to become a sign language interpreter?AShe wished to gain reputation.BShe found it was in great need.CShe developed an interest in it.DShe had a gift for interpretation.6What does Tang Wenyan think of her job?ATiring but important.BBusy but interestingCBoring but well-paid.DEasy but meaningful.7Whats the passage mainly about?AA Special job.BA TV programme.CA worthy person.DA deaf community.Many herbs and plants from nature can be used for dyeing (染色) your homemade soaps. It depends on the kind of soap and the kind of colorant (染色剂) youre using. Here, well talk about how to use color in each of the soap making techniques.When youre working with cold-process soap, a number of colorants will fade, change, or disappear altogether due to their reaction to active lye (碱液). Natural plant colors will be taken off except for a few stable examples. Certain food colorants will change color entirely.In the hot-process techniq