陕西省渭南市韩城市2021～2022学年高一下学期期末质量检测英语Word版含解析.docx

韩城市20212022学年度高一第二学期期末质量检测英语试题第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）.第一节（共5小题，每小题L5分，满分75分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有1秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What's the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Husband and wife. B. Friends. C. Waitress and customer.2. Why did the woman get a traffic ticket?A. She parked in the wrong place.B. She made a wrong turn.C. She drove too fast.3. What will the woman do tomorrow morning?A. Answer an email. B. Have a picnic. C. Go to sleep.4. Where is the post office?A. On Victoria Road. B. On Park Road. C. On High Street.5. How much does a camera cost today?A. $ 350. B. $ 300. C. $ 150.第二节（共15小题，每小题L5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. Why does the man call the woman?A. To ask her to hand in a report.B. To remind her about a letter.C. To invite her to a trip.7. What day is today?A. Wednesday. B. Friday. C. Sunday. in the wake of Japan's successful Hayabusa asteroid missions and NASA's OSIRIS-Rex, which is due to return space rocks to Earth next year.（该任务可能以中国明朝探险家郑和的名字命名，将是中国第一个访问小行星 的任务，最快可能于2024年发射。在此之前，日本成功完成了隼鸟小行星任务，美国宇航局的“OSIRIS-Rex”将于明年将太空岩石送回地球）”可知，“郑和”将是有史以来第三个到达小行星的探测 器。故选A。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词上文 “China also plans to launch a space telescope called Xuntian, whose name means'survey the heavens'to（中国还计划发射一个名为“巡天”的太空望远镜，其名字的意思是“调查天 空“）” 以及后文 “This will image in the same wavelengths - ultraviolet, visible and infrared - as those used by NASA、Hubble Space Telescope.（这张照片所用的波长紫外线、可见光和红外线与美国宇航局 的哈勃空间望远镜相同。）”可知，中国的望远镜将用和美国宇航局哈勃太空望远镜相同的波长成像一一 紫外线、可见光和红外线，可见是为了和哈勃太空望远镜竞争（相匹敌），故画线词意思是“竞争”。故 选C。【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中 “The China National Space Administration has released an overview of its plans for the next five years, which include launching a robotic craft to an asteroid, building a space telescope and laying the foundations for a space-based gravitational-wave detector.（中国国家航天局发布 了 未来五年计划的概 述，其中包括向小行星发射机器人飞船、建造太空望远镜以及为天基引力波探测器奠定基础）”结合文章 可知，主要介绍了向小行星发射机器人飞船、建造太空望远镜，由此可推知，文章接下来的部分可能会 讨论中国发射天基引力波探测器的计划。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章主要说明了中国制定未来五年的太空计划，其中包括向小行星发射机器人飞船、 建造太空望远镜以及为天基引力波探测器奠定基础。同时文章还介绍了向小行星发射机器人飞船、建造 太空望远镜的情况。可推知，文章内容属于航空航天类，可能选自报纸。故选D。第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Agriculture is playing an important part in the world. Now lefs have a look at some different methods of agriculture.Traditional AgricultureMost Canadian farmers focus on high productivity from a few main products, such as beef cattle, wheatcrops, or greenhouse produce. 16, although not as a primary resource. Crop rotation（轮流耕作）killscertain pests and keeps the land rich. In fact, traditional agriculture is main farming.Organic AgricultureIt is growing popular. Farmers who focus on protecting the environment believe that a successful organic system begins with a healthy soil that develops healthy plants, farm animals and people. 17, 1.7% ofCanadian farms were proved organic in 2009.The Natural SolutionIt is from natural insect control. A bag is used to ship certain kinds of insects from the supplier to an organic farmer. Farmers avoid chemicals with natural methods, such as using insects to attack agricultural pests.18 .Genetic Engineering19 . The reasons include increased production and the convenient management of insects, diseasesand wild grass. Genetically engineered crops account for most of the corn, and soybean plantings in Canada and the United States.20 .Farmers who want to buy special seeds must sign an agreement with the seed supplier. One requirement is that the farmer shouldn't keep seeds from the present year's crop fbr planting in the following season.A. Despite the higher costs of laborB. Canadian Inorganic AgricultureC. Technology Use AgreementD. People in Canada and the United States are crazy about growing plants and raising animalsE. This method has no influence on a crop's nutritional valueF. They also grow additional crops or raise different farm animalsG. Farmers decide to grow engineered crops for many reasons【答案】16.F17. A 18.E19. G 20. C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些不同的农业方法。【16题详解】不艮据上文“Most Canadian farmers focus on high productivity from a few main products, such as beef cattle, wheat crops, or greenhouse produce4大多数加拿大农民专注于几种主要产品的高产，如肉牛、小麦作物或 温室产品）”以及后文“although not as a primary resource（虽然不是主要资源）”可知，本句是在说明加拿大农民不重点种植的作物。故F选项“他们还种植额外的作物或饲养不同的农场动物”符合语境，故选F。 【17题详解】根据上文 “It is growing popular. Farmers who focus on protecting the environment believe that a successful organic system begins with a healthy soil that develops healthy plants, farm animals and people.（它越来越受欢 迎。注重环境保护的农民认为，一个成功的有机系统始于健康的土壤，它能培育健康的植物、家畜和人 类）”以及后文 u1.7% of Canadian farms were proved organic in 2009.（ 2009 加拿大有 1.7%的农场被证 明是有机农场）”可知，本段主要是关于有机农场的说明，上文主要说明了其好处，可推测本句是在介绍 缺点，故A选项“尽管劳动力成本更高”符合语境，故选A。【18题详解】根据上文 “It is from natural insect control. A bag is used to ship certain kinds of insects from the supplier to an organic farmer. Farmers avoid chemicals with natural methods, such as using insects to attack agricultural pests.（它来自于自然防虫。一个袋子被用来从供应商运送某些种类的昆虫给一个有机农民。农民用自然的 方法避免使用化学药品，比如用昆虫来对付农业害虫）”可知，上文提到农民用自然的方法避免使用化学 药品，比如用昆虫来对付农业害虫，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文说明这一做法的影响：这种方法 对作物的营养价值没有影响。故E选项“这种方法对作物的营养价值没有影响”符合语境，故选E。【19题详解】根据标题 “Genetic Engineering（基因工程）”以及后文 uThe reasons include increased production and the convenient management of insects, diseases and wild grass. Genetically engineered crops account for most of the corn, and soybean plantings in Canada and the United States.（其原因包括产量的增加和病虫害和野草管理的方 便。在加拿大和美国，转基因作物占玉米和大豆种植的大部分）”可知，本句主要是关于农民种植转基因 作物的说明，G选项中engineered对应标题Engineering。故G选项“农民决定种植转基因作物的原因有 很多”符合语境，故选G。【20题详解】根据本段内容 44Farmers who want to buy special seeds must sign an agreement with the seed supplier. One requirement is that the farmer shouldn't keep seeds from the present year's crop for planting in the following season.（想要购买特殊种子的农民必须与种子供应商签订协议。其中一项要求是，农民不应保留本年度作 物的种子，以便在卜一个季节种植）”可知，本段说明的是农民与种子供应商签订协议，C选项中 Agreement对应后文中agreement。故C选项“技术使用协议”符合语境，故选C。第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A US bus driver is being praised for the way she helped a passenger get some needed assistance. In October, bus driver Natalie Barnes started 21 with a passenger named Richard. He told her he had been 22 for a week, since there was a big fire in the place where he had been living and his house was 23.When he asked if he could 24 along for the night to stay out of the 25, she agreed. CAt somepoint in our lives, everybody needs 26 , “ Barnes said, “I want to do what I could to help Richard in some way." At one point during her shift, she took a 27 , at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee and28 to get her passenger something to eat. Richard was 29 "Now I don't know what to say but to say thank you, “ he said to Barnes and promised to 30 her back somehow.She 31,saying, “I want to help you." But one act of kindness wasn't 32 for Barnes. Duringanother break, she turned to a friend for help, who helped get Richard into temporary 33.Barnes and Richard became 34 during that six-hour bus ride. Now he has her cellphone number, and they keep in 35Helping others comes second nature for Barnes, who has received lots of praise for 36 service since she worked in the MCTS two years ago. She 37 takes peanut butter and jelly sandwiches on the bus to share with people in 38.In fact, Barnes did what we all need to do to 39 homelessness: to look out for each other, to 40 each other and to work together.21.A.playingB.talkingC.competingD.debating22.A.homelessB.carelessC.hopefulD.helpful23.A.set upB.cleaned upC.broken intoD.burned down24.A.driveB.walkC.rideD.work25.A.moonB.sunC.airD.cold26.A.restB.helpC.foodD.medicine27.A.breakB.lookC.riskD.chance28.A.plannedB.failedC.offeredD.remembered29.A.satisfiedB.concernedC.confusedD.moved30.A.takeB.payC.callD.turn31.A.refusedB.acceptedC.stoppedD.agreed32.A.suitableB.importantC.specialD.enough33.A.schoolsB.spaceC.housingD.cars34.A.visitorsB.classmatesC.friendsD.co-workers35.A.touchB.mindC.checkD.line36.A.excellentB.interestingC.gratefulD.peaceful37.A.graduallyB.usuallyC.finallyD.actually38.A.needB.publicC.orderD.sight39.A.researchB.challengeC.ignoreD.fight40.A.care forB.look forC.ask forD.stand for【答案】2LB 22. A23. D 24. C25. D26. B 27. A28. C29. D 30. BA 32. D 33. C34. C 35. A 36. A 37. B 38. A 39. D 40. A31.【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了一位无家可归的乘客请求待在公交车上躲避车外的寒冷，司 机娜塔莉巴恩斯同意了，并且尽最大努力帮助这个无家可归的人。21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：10月，公交车司机娜塔莉巴恩斯开始与一位名叫理查德的乘客交谈。A.playing玩耍；B.talking谈话；C.competing比赛；D.debating辩论。根据后文“He told her”可知二人开 始交谈。故选B。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他告诉她他已经无家可归一个星期了，因为他住的地方发生了一场大火， 他的房子被烧毁了。A. homeless无家可归的；B. careless粗心的；C. hopeful有希望的；D. helpful有用 的。根据下文 usince there was a big fire in the place where he had been living可知，这位乘客居住的房子 着了一场大火，由此推知，他的房子烧毁了，他是一个无家可归的人。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他告诉她他已经无家可归一个星期了，因为他住的地方发生了一场大火，他 的房子被烧毁了。A. set up设立，建立；B. cleaned up清理；C.broken into闯入，破门而入；D. burned down 烧毁。根据前文 uthere was a big fire in the place where he had been livingnJ 1,此处指房子被烧毁 T o故选Do【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他问她是否可以乘一晚上的车以避寒时，她同意了。A. drive驾驶；B. walk 走,步行；C.ride骑,乘；D.work工作。根据下文“during that six-hour bus ride”可知，此处指是否可以 乘一晚上的车。故选C。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他问她是否可以乘一晚上的车以避寒时，她同意了。A. moon月亮；B. sun 太阳；C.air空气；D.cold冷。根据上文中的“In October”并结合常识可知，外面天气寒冷。故选D。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：巴恩斯说：“在我们生活的某个时刻，每个人都需要帮助。" A. rest休息；B. help 帮助；C. food 食物；D. medicine 药物。根据后文 “I want to do what I could to help Richard in some way.”可知指的是每个人都有需要帮助的时刻。故选B。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在威斯康辛大学密尔沃基分校的一次换班期间，她休息了一下，并主动给她 的乘客拿点吃的。A.break间断,休息；B.look看;C.risk冒险;D.chance机会。句中的“At one point during her shiftn以及下文中的“During another break”可知，此处指在轮班时，巴恩斯休息了一下。take a break：休息。故选A。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在威斯康辛大学密尔沃基分校的一次换班期间，她休息了一下，并主动给她 的乘客拿点吃的。A. planned计划；B. failed失败；Coffered提供；D. remembered记得。根据后文“to get her passenger something to eat” 指给乘客提供吃的，应用 offer。故选 Co【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：理查德被感动了。“现在我不知道该说什么了，只能说谢谢你，”他对巴 恩斯说，并承诺会把钱还给她。A. satisfied满意的；B. concerned关心的；C.confused疑惑的；D. moved 感动的。根据下文中的“Now I don't know what to say but to say thank you”可知，理查德很感动。故选 Do【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：理查德被感动了。“现在我不知道该说什么了，只能说谢谢你，”他对巴恩 斯说,并承诺会把钱还给她。A. take拿，取;B.pay赔,付；C.call打电话，叫；D. turn转变。根据上文 可知，对于巴恩斯的帮助，理查德很感激，承诺会还她钱。故选B。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她拒绝了，说：“我想帮助你。" A. refused拒绝；B.accepted接受；C.stopped停止；D.agreed同意。根据后文“1 want to help you.”可知她拒绝了对方要还钱的行为。故选Ao【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:但对巴恩斯来说，一次善举是不够的。A. suitable合适的；B.important重 要的；C. special 特殊的;D. enough 足够的。根据下文 uDuring another break, she turned to a friend for help, who helped get Richard into temporary可知，一个善举是不够的，她又提供了其他帮助。故选D。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在另一次休假期间，她向一位朋友寻求帮助，这位朋友帮理查德搬进了临时 住所。A. schools学校；B. space空间，太空；Chousing房屋，住宅；D. cars汽车。根据前文理查德房子 烧毁了，无家可归的细节可知，巴恩斯向朋友求助，她的朋友帮助理查德找了一个临时的住所。故选 Co【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：巴尼斯和理查德在六小时的车程中成为了朋友。A. visitors参观者，访问者；B. classmates同学；C.friends朋友；D. co-workers合作伙伴。根据前文巴恩斯向理查德提供帮助的细节及 下文“Now he has her cellphone number, and they keep in可知，他们在这六个小时的车程中逐渐成为了好 朋友。故选C。35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在他有了她的手机号码，他们一直保持联系。A. touch接触，轻按（按 钮）；B.mind理智，精神；C.check支票，检验；D. line路线，绳。根据上文“Now he has her cellphone number, and they keep in”及语境可知，此处指他们保持联系。keep in touch保持联系。故选A。【36题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：帮助他人是巴恩斯的第二天性，自从她两年前在MCTS工作以来，她的出 色服务获得了很多好评。A. excellent优秀的；B. interesting有趣的；C.grateful感谢的，感激的；D. peaceful和平的。根据前文uHelping others comes second nature for Barnes及巴恩斯帮助人们的细节可 知，此处指她的出色服务获得了很多好评。故选A。【37题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她通常在公共汽车上带着花生酱和果冻三明治，与有需要的人分享。A.gradually逐渐地，逐步地；B. usually通常；C.finally最终地；D. actually实际上，事实上。根据上文中的 uHelping others comes as second nature to Barnes可知，巴恩斯乐于助人，她经常带花生酱、果冻三明治和人们分享。故选B。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她通常在公共汽车上带着花生酱和果冻三明治，与有需要的人分享。A. need 需要；B. public公共场合；Corder指示，命令，订购；D. sight视力，景象。根据前文巴恩斯经常帮助别 人的细节可知，此处是in need意为：有需要的，在穷困中的。故选A。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，巴恩斯做了我们所有人都需要做的与无家可归作斗争的事：互相照顾,互相关心,共同努力。A. research研究；B.challenge挑战;C. ignore不理睬，忽视；D. fight与作斗争，坚决反对。通读全文可知，巴恩斯所做的是我们所有人在与无家可归作斗争时需要做的。故选 Do【40题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：事实上，巴恩斯做了我们所有人都需要做的与无家可归作斗争的事：互相照 顾，互相关心，共同努力。A. care for关心；B. look for寻找；Cask for询问；D. stand for代表。根据上 文“to look out for each other”此处指互相照顾,互相关心。故选A。第二节语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。As you can see, many Chinese families drink tea after dinner or serve tea when greeting41(visitor).This is not only a 42 (health) habit but also shows rich culture and history. Chinese people can chat with a friend for a whole afternoon over a pot of good tea. In China, tea can be commonly seen as43sign ofrespect to the older generation. In the Chinese traditional wedding ceremony, 44 (express) their gratitude, both the bride and bridegroom kneel in front of their parents and serve them tea. People also make a serious45 (apologize) to others by presenting tea. These various tea customs make up the rich Chinese tea culture.As for 46 (it) history, tea, originating from China, is consumed around the world now. About 2 ,000 years ago, tea 47 (introduce) in Chinese texts as a healthy drink that made people live longer.Additionally, both green and black tea are said to be useful to prevent cancer, heart disease, and many other deadly diseases. The only thing 48 people should be aware of is that tea should not be drunk along49 meal s.Today, tea is gaining popularity around the world. In Japan, a tea ceremony is often held while people are 50(drink) tea together. The ceremony, usually hosted in a teahouse, dates from the 16th century. 【答案】41. visitors42. healthy43. a 44. to express45. apology46. its 47. was introduced48. that 49. with50. drinking【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国饮茶的习俗和历史由来。41题详解】考查名词的数。句意：正如你所看到的，许多中国家庭在晚餐后喝茶或奉茶来迎接客人。visitor为可数名词，前文没有冠词表示数量大于一应用复数形式。故填visitors。【42题详解】考查形容词。句意：这不仅是一种健康的习惯，而且显示了丰富的文化和历史。修饰名词habit应用形容词healthy,作定语。故填healthy。43题详解】考查冠词。句意：在中国，茶通常被视为对老一辈的尊重。sign为可数名词，此处为泛指且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国传统的婚礼仪式上，新娘和新郎都要跪在父母面前，给父母倒茶以示感 谢。express在句中作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to express。【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：人们也会通过敬茶向他人表示认真的道歉。作宾语，应用名词apology,不定冠词提示 用单数。故填apology。【46题详解】 考查代词。句意：从历史上看，起源于中国的茶，如今在世界各地都有消费。修饰后文名词history应用 形容词性物主代词itSo故填its。【47题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：大约2000年前，茶作为一种能让人长寿的健康饮料被引入中国。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文About 2,000 years ago,可知为一般过去时的被动语态，主语为tea,谓语用单数。故填 was introduced o【48题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：定语从句修饰先行词thing,在从句中作宾语，且由the only修饰只能用that引 导。故填that。【49题详解】 考查介词。句意：人们应该意识到的唯一一件事是，茶不应该在吃饭时喝。此处为短语along with表示“和一起"。故填with。【50题详解】考查时态。句意：在日本，人们通常在一起喝茶时举行茶道仪式。结合上文peo