2021年上海高三高考模拟英语试卷（进阶卷-优化模拟四）-学生用卷.pdf

2 0 2 1年 上 海 高 三 高 考 模 拟 英 语 试 卷（进 阶 卷-优 化 模 拟 四）-学 生 用 卷 一、语 法 填 空（本 大 题 共 1 0小 题，每 小 题 1 分，共 1 0分）1、【来 源】2021年 上 海 高 三 高 考 模 拟（进 阶 卷-优 化 模 拟 四）第 2130题 10分（每 题 1分）How to find Happiness without Buying it?Our materialistic society has led us to believe that happiness cannot obtained without having money.Rather than learning to be satisfied with what we have,we are taught to want more.We learn fromadvertising,and from the media,1 we need to buy some toys in order to makeourselves happy,or 2（fulfill）emotional needs,and that the purchase they aretrying to talk us into will provide us with the psychological comfort we arelooking 3.Unfortunately,as a society we have bought into these 4（misguide）messages and have come to believe that spending money on certainitems 5（bring）us fame,fortune,happiness,beauty,or popularity.As a result,we trade hours of our lives working,sacrificing time that 6 have been spentwith our families,for the pursuit of the almighty（万 能 的）dollar.Actually,there are a number of ways to enjoy life without the need for a great deal of money.For example,think about 7 you would spend your time,and what you woulddo for enjoyment.Change your focus from material possessions to 8 that bringyou enjoyment,such as spending quality time with your family and friends.Certainly,it is important towork and earn enough to provide for our basic needs and the needs of our families,but it is important torecognize 9 the desire for personal possessions becomes overly consuming,Otherwise 1 0 will upset a balance between a satisfying work life and a richhome life.The best way to achieve such a balance is to ensure the drive for material possessions does notbecome all consuming.二、选 词 填 空（本 大 题 共 1 0小 题，每 小 题 1 分，共 1 0分）2、【来 源】2021年 上 海 高 三 高 考 模 拟（进 阶 卷-优 化 模 拟 四）第 314。题 10分（每 题 1分）A.strategy B.committiiig C.shifts D.well-being E.coined F.prioritizingG.composed H.valued L Access J.uncertainty K.reductionWork-Life BalanceWork-life balance is a state charactered by a high level of satisfaction,functionality,and effectivenesswhile successfully performing several tasks all together.The non-work activity is not only limited tofamily life but also to various occupations and activities of which ones lifeis 1.Studies suggest the existence of cell phones and other internet-baseddevices enables 2 to work-related issues in non-working periods,thus,addingmore hours and work load.A relative decrease in the time spent workingnonstandard 3 has been proven to have significant negative effects on familyand personal life.The immediate effect is a decrease in general 4 as theindividual is unable to properly assign appropriate amount of time necessary to maintain a balance.Therefore,extensive research has been done on properly managing time as amain 5 of managing stress.The condition where work performance is negatively affected by high-level stress is termed burnout,in which the employee experience a significant 6 in motivation.According toVrooms Expectancy Theory,when the outcome of work performance are offset G氐 消）by the negativeimpacts on the individuafs general well-being,or,are not 7 enough by theemployer,levels of motivation are low.Time management,8 certain tasks andactions according to ones values and beliefs,is among the suggested courses of action fbr managing stressand maintaining a healthy work-life balance.The reality of constant increase in competition andeconomic 9 frequently forces the employee to keep the balance for the sake offinancial and job security.Therefore,work-life balance policies are 0 bymany businesses and dealt by line managers and supervises,rather than at the organizational level as theemployees well being can be more carefully observed and monitored.三、完 形 填 空（本 大 题 共 1 5小 题，每 小 题 1 分，共 1 5分）3、【来 源】2021年 上 海 高 三 高 考 模 拟（进 阶 卷-优 化 模 拟 四）第 4155题 15分（每 题 1分）2016年 高 考 真 题 上 海 卷 第 5165题 In the 1960s,Douglas McGregor,one of the key thinkers in the art of management,developed thenow famous Theory X and Theory Y.Theory X is the idea that peopleinstinctively 1 work and will do anything to avoid it.Theory Y is the viewthat everyone has the potential to find satisfaction in work.In any case,despite so much evidence to the 2,many managers stillagree to Theory X.They believe,3,that their employees need constantsupervision if they are to work effectively,or that decisions must be imposedfrom 4 without consultation.This,of course,makes for authoritarian（专 制 的）managers.Different cultures have different ways of 5 people.Unlike authoritarianmanagement,some cultures,particularly in Asia,are well-known for the consultative nature of decision makingall members of the department or work group are asked to 6 to thisprocess.This is management by the collective opinion.Many western companies have tried to imitate suchAsian ways of doing things,which are based on general 7.Some experts saythat women will become more effective managers than men because they have the power to reach commongoals in a way that traditional 8 managers cannot.A recent trend has been to encourage employees to use their own initiative,to make decisions on theirown without 9 managers first.This empowerment（授 权）has been part ofthe trend towards downsizing:0 the number of management layers incompanies.After de-layering in this way,a company may be _ H_ with just atop level of senior managers,front-line managers and employees with direct contact with the public.Empowerment takes the idea of delegation（委 托）much further thanhas 1 2 been the case.Empowerment and delegation mean new forms ofmanagement control to 3 that the overall business plan is being followed,andthat operations become more profitable under the new organization,rather than less.Another trend is off-site or 1 4 management,where teams of peoplelinked by e-mail and the Internet work on projects from their own houses.Project managers evaluatethe 1 5 of the team members in terms of what they produce for projects,ratherthan the amount of time they spend on them.A.desireB.seekC.loseD.d is lik eA.contraryB.expectationC.degreeD.extremeA.vice versaB.fo r exampleC.howeverD.otherw iseA.outsideB.insideC.belowD.aboveA.replacingB.assessingC.managing!）,encouragingA.referB.contributeC.objectD.applyA.agreementB.practiceC.electionD.impressionA.bossyB.experiencedC.westernD.maleA.askingB.trainingC.warningD.firingA.doublingB.maintainingC.reducingD.estimatingA.honoredB.leftC.crowdedD.comparedA.economicallyB.traditionallyC.inadequatelyD.occasionallyA.denyB.admitC.assumeD.ensureA.virtualB.ineffectiveC.day-to-dayD.on-the-sceneA.opinionB.riskC.performanceD.attractiveness四、阅 读 理 解（本 大 题 共 11小 题，每 小 题 2 分，共 22分）4、【来 源】2021年 上 海 高 三 高 考 模 拟（A 篇）第 5659题 8 分（每 题 2 分）Few laws are so effective that you can see results just days after they take effect.But in the nine dayssince the federal cigarette tax more than doubledto$1.01 per pack-smokers have jammed telephonequit lines1 across the country seeking to kick the habit.This is not a surprise to public health advocates.Theyve studied the effect of state tax increases foryears,finding that smokers,especially teens,are price sensitive.Nor is it a shock to the industry,whichfiercely fights every tax increase.The only wonder is that so many states insist on closing their ears to the message.Tobacco taxesimprove public health.They raise money and most particularly,they deter people from taking up the habitas teens,which is when nearly all smokers are addicted.Yet the rate of taxation varies widely.In Manhattan,for instance,which has the highest tax in the nation,a pack of Marlboro Light Kingscost$10.06 at one drugstore Wednesday.In Charleston,S.C.,where the 7-cent-a-pack tax is the lowestin the nation.The price was$4.78.The influence is obvious.In New York,high school smoking hit a new low in the latest surveys-13.8%,far below the nationalaverage.By comparison,26%of high school students smoke in Kentucky,and other low-tax states havesimilarly depressing teen-smoking records.Hal Rogers,Representative from Kentucky,like those who are against high tobacco taxes,argues thatthe burden of the tax falls on low-income Americans who choose to smoke.1Thats true.But there is more reason in keeping future generations of low-income workers fromgetting hooked in the first place.As for todays adults,if the new tax drives them to quit,they will havemore to spend on their families,cut their risk of cancer and heart disease and feel better.(1)The text is mainly about.A.the price of cigarettesB.the rate of teen smokingC.the effect of tobacco tax increaseD.the differences in tobacco tax rate(2)What does the author think is a surprise?A.Teen smokers are price sensitive.B.Some states still keep the tobacco tax low.C.Tobacco taxes improve public health.D.Tobacco industry fiercely fights the tax rise.(3)The underlined word deter1 1 in paragraph 3 most probably means.A.discourageB.removeC.benefitD.free(4)What can we learn from the last paragraph?A.The new tax will be beneficial in the long run.B.Low-income Americans are more likely to fall ill.C.Future generations will be hooked on smoking.D.Adults will depend more on their families.5、【来 源】2021年 上 海 高 三 高 考 模 拟(B 篇)第 60 6 2题 6 分(每 题 2 分)As we speak,our fundraisers are singing,dancing,baking and bucket-shaking their way to helpingbeat cancer sooner-and wed love for you to join the team!Our researchers are doing everything they can to make sure 3 in 4 people survive cancer by 2034,butwe need the energy,creativity and motivation of our fundraising teams to make this possible.Ils easy to get involved-all you need is a little time to spare and a passion for teamwork,making adifference in your community and beating cancer sooner.Not sure how to get started?Click on the link below,pinpoint your area and get a feel for theopportunities available on your doorstep right now.Find a role in your local area.TAL#NBSPWorkplace Ambassador Volunteer?Could you convince your colleagues to help beat cancer sooner?Were looking for someonepassionate and well-connected to help promote and support our cause within workplaces across the country.TAL#NBSPFundraising Group Volunteer?Are you a team player looking to inspire others and get involved in fundraising?Were looking forenthusiastic volunteers with good local knowledge to support fundraising groups or launch one of theirown.TAL#NBSPRelay For life Fundraising Volunteer?Are you a sociable and motivated individual with a passion and motivation to share?There are loadsof different ways you can join our fantastic Relay For Life team,just take a look here.Read more at http:/www.cancerresearchuk.org/support-us/volunteer/help-us-raise-money#vgX7yxoRAmus3VsO.99.(1)The purpose of this fundraising is according to this advertisement.A.to help the senior citizenB.to help the people who get cancerC.to help the childrenD.to help colleagues who lose the job(2)The member of the fundraising team need the following qualities exceptA.creativityB.team spiritC.motivationD.penny wise(3)If you are the person who likes to inspire others with rich local knowledge,the best choice for you towork as a volunteer isA.Relay For Life Fundraising VolunteerB.Fundraising Group VolunteerC.Workplace Ambassador VolunteerD.Singing,Dancing,Baking Volunteer6、【来 源】2021年 上 海 高 三 高 考 模 拟(C篇)第 63 6 6题 8 分(每 题 2 分)Some of the worlds most significant problems never hit headlines.One example comes fromagriculture.Food riots and hunger make news.But the trend lying behind these matters is rarely talkedabout.This is the decline in the growth in yields of some of the worlds major crops.A new study by theUniversity of Minnesota and McGill University in Montreal looks at where,and how far,this decline isoccurring.The authors take a vast number of data points for the four most important crops:rice,wheat,corn andsoybeans.They find that on between 24%and 39%of all harvested areas,the improvement in yields thattook place before the 1980s slowed down in the 1990s and 2000s.There are two worrying features of the slowdown.One is that it has been particularly sharp in theworlds most populous countries,India and China.Their ability to feed themselves has been an importantsource of relative stability both within the countries and on world food markets.That self-sufficiencycannot be taken for granted if yields continue to slow down or reverse.Second,yield growth has been lower in wheat and rice than in corn and soybeans.This is problematicbecause wheat and rice are more important as foods,accounting for around half of all calories consumed.Corn and soybeans are more important as feed grains.The authors note that nwe have preferentiallyfocused our crop improvement efforts on feeding animals and cars rather than on crops that feed peopleand are the basis of food security in much of the world.0The report qualifies the more optimistic findings of another new paper which suggests that the worldwill not have to dig up a lot more land for farming in order to feed 9 billion people in 2050,as the Foodand Agriculture Organization has argued.Instead,it says,thanks to slowing population growth,land currently ploughed up for crops might beable to revert to forest or wilderness.This could happen.The trouble is that the forecast assumes continuedimprovements in yields,which may not actually happen.(1)What does the author try to draw attention to?A.Food riots and hunger in the world.B.News headlines in the leading media.C.The decline of the grain yield growth.D.The food supply in populous countries.(2)Why does the author mention India and China in particular?A.Their self-sufficiency is vital to the stability of world food markets.B.Their food yields have begun to decrease sharply in recent years.C.Their big populations are causing worldwide concerns.D.Their food self-sufficiency has been taken for granted.(3)What does the new study by the two universities say about recent crop improvement efforts?A.They fail to produce the same remarkable results as before the 1980s.B.They contribute a lot to the improvement of human food production.C.They play a major role in guaranteeing the food security of the world.D.They focus more on the increase of animal feed than human food grains.(4)What does the Food and Agriculture Organization say about world food production in the comingdecades?A.The growing population will greatly increase the pressure on world food supplies.B.The optimistic prediction about food production should be viewed with caution.C.The slowdown of the growth in yields of major food crops will be reversed.D.The world will be able to feed its population without increasing farmland.五、六 选 四(本 大 题 共 4 小 题，每 小 题 2 分，共 8 分)7、【来 源】2021年 上 海 高 三 高 考 模 拟(进 阶 卷-优 化 模 拟 四)第 6770题 8 分(每 题 2 分)We all regard receiving presents as a pleasant experience and yet it can be one of the most awkwardsituations.It is often difficult to look pleased when you receive a gift which is entirely useless or the wrongsize.1 However,you have no right to change an article purchased justbecause it does not fit or is not to your liking.Worse still