2021年新高考英语最新模拟题分项汇编02 阅读理解之说明文（二）原卷版.pdf

专 遇。2 阅 读 理 解 之 说 明 文（二）1.（河 北 省 实 验 中 学 2021届 高 三 调 研）Apples iPad has been a huge hit among children,with its easy-to-use interface and innovative apps.In fact,researchers say the astonishing rise of the iPad has meant it has now overtaken household names suchas McDonalds and Disney to become the number one brand among American 6-12 year olds.The annual study,conducted by leading youth and family research firm Smarty Pants,ranks more than 250brands each year.iPads number one status among kids represents the summit of the tablet takeover9 amovement from shared screens and TV network dominance to planned content on personal devices,said WynneTyree,president of Smarty Pants.Kids increasingly turn to iPad for games,TV shows,videos,books,homeworkhelp and communicating with friends and family?In the firms 2014 study,Apples iPad went ahead of kid brands such as McDonalds,Toys RUs,Nickelodeon,and Disney.Kids see the iPad as the a-in-one digital tool,giving them a unique sense of independence,theresearchers say.Tyree notes that iPads march to the top has been dramatic.64In just five years,the iPad has risen from ranking109th to being kids favorite brand.Early on,it captured the hearts of tweens and middle and upper class families,but iPad is now an indispensable part of childhood for the masses.,On the study iPad was tops with a weighted score of 898 out of 1000.Disney came at 858,Googles YouTube852,McDonalds 839,iPhone 830 and Apple 829.Digital entertainment overall is seeing an increase among kidsand families,with brands such as Netflix,Hulu,Amazon Instant Video,Android,and Samsung posting noteworthyincreases in the study,a measure of Kids awareness,popularity,and love for a brand.Along with iPad,thesedevices and services provide entertainment that is“always on”.Offering seemingly endless options,tablets and digital content providers are meeting contemporary kidsneedswith fun and connectivity never more than a tap away.8.What is the“tablet takeover movement according to the passage?A.In the movement everyone owns an iPad.B.It refers to the shift from watching TV together to using an iPad separately.C.In the movement people become more independent in entertainment.D.In the movement people receive more information from an iPad than from TV.9.What makes an iPad appealing to the kids?A.An iPad helps the kids build up stronger relationships with their parents.B.An iPad can develop the kids reading skills.C.With an iPad,the kids can become a better learner.D.They can watch TV shows using an iPad.10.What is the correct ranking according to scores from the study of Smarty Pants?A.Disney-YouTube-Apple一 iPhone一 iPadMcDonalds.B.iPad一 Disney一 YouTube一 McDonaldsiPhone一 Apple.C.iPhoneDisneyiPad-McDonald-YouTube一 Apple.D.iPadAppleiPhoneMcDonaldsDisneyYouTube.11.What can we infer from the passage?A.Apples iPad can develop the kids creativity.B.Tablet and digital providers can never meet the kids needs.C.An iPad can provide the kids with most entertainment.D.An iPads fun and connection to the Internet attracts the kids most.2.（河 北 省 实 验 中 学 2021届 高 三 调 研）A strong coffee after a poor nights sleep is the kick-start many people need in the morning but new researchsuggests that it might be best to have a bite to eat first.A study has found that drinking coffee first can have a negative effect on blood sugar control-a risk factor fordiabetes（糖 尿 病）and heart disease.“We know that nearly half of us will wake in the morning and,before doing anything else,drink coffee-一 subjectively the more tired we feel,the stronger the coffee,u said Professor James Betts,at the University of Bath inthe UK.For their study,researchers at the University of Bath got 29 healthy men and women to take part in threedifferent overnight experiments,with at least a week between them.In one,the participants had a normal nights sleep,roughly from 1 1 p.m.to 7 a.m.,and were asked to consumea sugary drink on waking in the morning.They then experienced an interrupted nights sleep,where the researcherswoke them every hour for five minutes by sending them text messages to which they had to respond and uponwaking were given the same sugary drink.On another night,participants experienced the same sleep interruption,but this time were first given a strongblack coffee 30 minutes before consuming the sugary drink.They found that one night of inten upted sleep did not worsen the participants blood sugar and insulin（胰 岛 素）responses when compared to the normal nights sleep-although previous research suggested that losing manyhours of sleep or many nights of poor sleep could have a negative effect.However,strong black coffee consumedbefore breakfast actually increased the blood sugar response by around 50%一 suggesting that relying on coffeeafter a bad night to stop feeling sleepy could limit your body*s ability to tolerate the sugar in your breakfast.12.What does the underlined word kick-start in paragraph 1 refer to?A.A kind of sport.B.A kind of power.C.A kind of medicine.D.A kind of belief.13.What was unchanged in the three experiments?A.The duration of sleep.B.The blood sugar response.C.The sugary drink.D.The intake of coffee.14.What increased the participants*blood sugar response most before breakfast?A.A normal sugary drink.B.A normal nights sleep.C.An interrupted nights sleep.D.A cup of strong black coffee.15.How did researchers draw the conclusion?A.By comparing the results.B.By listing some examples.C.By surveying the participants.D.By referring to some documents.3.（河 北 省 张 家 口 市 2021届 高 三 二 模）Extreme athletes have been using wingsuits（翼 装）to fly for many years.However,the pull of gravity makesit impossible to speed up or fly higher.To push past the limitations,Peter Salzmann teamed up with German carmaker BMW.The result is an electrified wingsuit,which allows flyers to rise to higher altitudes at the speed of upto 186 miles per hour!The 33-year-old professional wingsuit pilot first thought of creating the design in 2017,At the time,I wasdeveloping suits for skydiving with a friend,he explains.One evening after a day of testing,we threw out lots ofideas about how we could improve performance.One of them was a supporting motor-and its an idea I just couldntshake off.I found the idea of being able to jump from my local mountain wearing the wingsuit and land in mygarden exciting.To help with the process,Salzmann reached out to the experts at BMWs Designworks Studio.It took the teamthree years and multiple test jumps to perfect the design.The result is an updated version of wingsuit with two5-inch propellers（螺 旋 桨）,Powered by a battery,the propellers can be controlled using an on/off switch and evenstopped mid-flight using the emergency button,if the flyer encounters an airplane or a flock of birds.On November 6,2020,Salzmann,wearing his hi-tech suit,leaped from a helicopter from an altitude of 10,000feet to sear around the mountain peaks.The expert pilot fired up the electric motors and rocketed forward,glidingabove four mountain peaks.The task completed,the pilot opened his parachute（降 落 伞）and gently landed.It is unclear if Salzmann and BMW plan to make the electrified wingsuits available to the general public.But,one can always hope!4.What do we know about the new wingsuit?A.It flies faster and higher.B.It breaks away from gravity.C.Its equipped with a car motor.D.It has been used for many years.5.What is the second paragraph mainly about?A.What Salzmanns friend did to help him.B.What Salzmann experienced in his careerC.How Salzmann became a professional pilot.D.How Salzmann came up with the new design.6.What can the flyer do to deal with the danger during the flight?A.Press the emergency button.B.Reach out to an expert.C.Check the propellers.D.Open the parachute.7.What does the underlined word soar in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A.Explore.B.Search.C.Fly.D.Dig.4.（河 北 省 张 家 口 市 2021届 高 三 二 模）In 1998,people in Na Doi,a quiet village in northwest Thailand,noticed that their fish catches in the nearbyNgao River were declining.The fish they did manage to net were also getting smaller.Together,Na Dois 75households decided to try a new solution:they would set aside a small stretch of river to be strictly off-limits tofishing.The rules are usually simple:no fishing of any kind in an agreed-upon area marked by flags or signs.Whilefreshwater reserves wont solve everything,in places where fish populations are under pressure,they can givespecies much-needed breathing room to rebuild their numbers,ultimately making them better able to weather otherenvironmental problems.Na Doi was the second village in the Ngao River valley to adopt this pioneering approach to freshwaterfisheries management.Since the late 1990s,at least 50 other villages there have done the same.As a whole,theentirely grassroots-led reserves have been surprisingly successful,according to findings recently published inNature.Most importantly,the Thailand case provides probably the best real-world proof that fisheries reserves canbenefit not just oceans,but freshwater,tooIn 2012.Aaron Koning,then a doctoral student at the University of Wisconsin,began investigating the NgaoRiver valley reserves to see how widespread and successful they truly were.Koning found,not surprisingly,thatolder and bigger reserves were more successful,because they offered more time and space-including more kindsof habitat-in which to rebuild fish populations and re-establish rare species.But even reserves established in thelast couple of years showed clear benefits from being spared intense fishing pressure.Reserves that were locatedcloser to a village tended to have an advantage,Koning says,“probably because villagers were better able toenforce the rules.By comparing different systems and approaches around the world,Koning and his colleagues hope to identifycommon factors for success that could be tailored to diverse rivers and lakes.8.What drove Na Doi to create freshwater reserves?A.The declining of the freshwater.B.The success of the nearby villages.C.The increasing fish populations.D.The worsening of the fishing conditions.9.What does the success of Thailand freshwater reserves suggest?A.Fisheries reserves are helpful in freshwater.B.Thailand is a pioneer in fisheries management.C.The Thailand approach has been applied worldwide.D.Many fish species need to rebuild their numbers,10.Aaron Koning found reserves that were more successful.A.had better rules B.were bigger and olderC.had more fish populations D.were created more recently11.What can be a suitable title for the text?A.Grassroots-led Reserves Inspire the WorldsB.Fisheries Reserves Benefit Thailand RiversC.Investigate the Ngao River Valley ReservesD.Na Doi Is Leading Thailand to a Better Future5.（河 北 省 张 家 口 市 2021届 高 三 二 模）Art therapy（治 疗）involves the use of creative techniques such as drawing,painting,coloring,or sculpting tohelp people express themselves artistically and examine the psychological and emotional undertones.With theguidance of an art therapist,clients car decode the nonverbal messages in these art forms,which lead to a betterunderstanding of their feelings and behavior so they can resolve deeper issues.Art therapy helps people explore their emotions,relieve stress,improve symptoms of anxiety and depression,and cope with a physical illness or disability.No artistic talent is necessary for art therapy to succeed,because thetherapeutic process is not about the artistic value of the work,but rather about finding associations between thecreative choices made and a clients inner life.The artwork can be used as a springboard for reawakening memoriesand telling stories that may reveal messages and beliefs from the unconscious mindAs with any form of therapy,your first session will consist of your talking to the therapist about why you wantto find help and learning what the therapist has to offer Together,you will come up with a treatment plan thatinvolves creating some form of artwork.Once you begin creating,the therapist may,at times,simply observe yourprocess as you work,without interrupting.When you have finished a piece of artwork-and sometimes while youare still working on it-the therapist will ask you questions of how you feel about the artistic process,what is easy ordifficult about creating your artwork,and what thoughts or memories you might have had while you are working.Generally,the therapist will ask about your experience and feelings before providing any observations.Art therapy is founded on the belief that self-expression through artistic creation has therapeutic value forthose who are healing or seeking deeper understanding of themselves and their personalities.Art therapists aretrained to understand the roles that various art media like color can play in the therapeutic process and how thesetools can help reveal ones thoughts,feelings,and psychological disposition.12.What is the authors main purpose in writing the text?A.To teach people to be art therapists.B.To explain the origin of art therapy.C.To praise the devotion of therapists.D.To popularize knowledge of art therapy.13.Which of the following matters least in the therapeutic process?A.The style of the work.B.The emotions of the client.C.The memories of the client.D.The artistic value of the work.14.What does the art therapists conclusion mainly depend on?A.The clients questions.B.The clients explanations.C.The therapists feelings D.The length of the artistic process.15.What can we infer from the last paragraph?A.Little training is needed to become an art therapist.B.Choices of art elements reflect peoples inner world.C.Art therapists need to have strong belief in themselves.D.Clients are required to use different tools to show themselves.6.（河 北 唐 山 市 第 一 中 学 2021届 高 三 质 检）The River Thames has some of the highest recorded levels of microplastics for any river in the world.Scientists have estimated that 94,000 microplastics per second flow down the river in places.The quantity islarger than that measured in other European rivers,such as the Danube and Rhine.Tiny bits of plastic have beenfound inside the bodies of crabs living in the Thames.Researchers at Royal Holloway,University of London,are calling for stricter regulations on the labelling anddisposal of plastic products.They warn that careless disposal of plastic gloves and masks during the coronaviruspandemic might make the problem of plastic pollution worse.“Taken together,these studies show how many different types of plastic,from microplastics in the waterthrough to larger items of debris physically altering the foreshore,can potentially affect a wide range of organismsin the River Thames,said Prof Dave Morritt from Royal Holloway,tcThe increased use of single-use plastic items,and the inappropriate disposal of such items,including masks and gloves,along with plastic-containing cleaningproducts,during the current COVID-19 pandemic,may well make this problem even worse.”Many forms of microplastics were found in the Thames,including glitter,microbeads f