2022年全国乙卷英语真题.pdf

2022年 普 通 高 等 学 校 招 生 全 国 统 一 考 试（全 国 乙 卷）英 语 注 意 事 项：1.答 卷 前，考 生 务 必 将 自 己 的 姓 名、准 考 证 号 填 写 在 答 题 卡 上。2.回 答 选 择 题 时，选 出 每 小 题 答 案 后，用 铅 笔 把 答 题 卡 上 对 应 题 目 的 答 案 标 号 涂 黑。如 需 改 动，用 橡 皮 擦 干 净 后，再 选 涂 其 他 答 案 标 号。回 答 非 选 择 题 时，将 答 案 写 在 答 题 卡 上，写 在 本 试 卷 上 无 效。3.考 试 结 束 后，将 本 试 卷 和 答 题 卡 一 并 交 回。第 一 部 分 听 力（共 两 节，满 分 30分）做 题 时，先 将 答 案 标 在 试 卷 上。录 音 内 容 结 束 后，你 将 有 两 分 钟 的 时 间 将 试 卷 上 的 答 案 转 涂 到 答 题 卡 上。第 一 节（共 5小 题 海 小 题 1.5分，满 分 7.5分）听 下 面 5段 对 话。每 段 对 话 后 有 一 个 小 题，从 题 中 所 给 的 A、B、C 三 个 选 项 中 选 出 最 佳 选 项。听 完 每 段 对 话 后，你 都 有 10秒 钟 的 时 间 来 回 答 有 关 小 题 和 阅 读 下 一 小 题。每 段 对 话 仅 读 一 遍。例：How much is the shirt?A 19.15.B.9.18.C.9.15.答 案 Co1.c 厂 音 频 厂 What does the man want to do?A.Have breakfast.B.Take a walk.C.Call his office.【答 案】B【解 析】【原 文】M:Jenny,you can just drop me here.W:But were two streets away from the office.M:Its fine.I had a big breakfast and feel like a bit of walk.2.莉 7音 频 厂 What was George doing last night?A.Having a meeting.B.Flying home.【答 案】CC.Working on a project.【解 析】【原 文】W:Hello,George,you look tired.Didnt sleep well last night?M:No,not at all.I had to work flat out to meet the project deadline.Now Im reallyfeeling a bit rundown.3.cYT音 频 厂 Why does the man suggest going to the park?A.Ifs big.B.Ifs quiet.C.Its new.【答 案】B【解 析】【原 文】W:John,cant we go someplace and talk?Its so noisy in here.M:Well,theres a small park across the street.It9s usually not crowded at this time of day.4.:音 频 厂 How does the woman sound?A.Annoyed.B.Pleased.C.Puzzled.【答 案】A【解 析】【原 文】W:Weve got to do something about the neighbors dog.M:Why?Has he been into your flower garden again?W:The flower garden,the garbage can and yesterday he started digging holes in the yard.5.者 频 Where is the mans table?A.Near the door.B.By the window.C.In the comer.【答 案】C【解 析】【原 文】M:Hello,we have a reservation in the name of Mr.Jones.Is there any table bythe window?W:Sorry,weve got this comer table fbr you.Ifs quiet here,not close to the door.第 二 节（共 15小 题;每 小 题 1.5分，满 分 22.5分）听 下 面 5段 对 话 或 独 白。每 段 对 话 或 独 白 后 有 几 个 小 题，从 题 中 所 给 的 A、B、C 三 个 选 项 中 选 出 最 佳 选 项。听 每 段 对 话 或 独 白 前，你 将 有 时 间 阅 读 各 个 小 题，每 小 题 5秒 钟;听 完 后，各 小 题 将 给 出 5秒 钟 的 作 答 时 间。每 段 对 话 或 独 白 读 两 遍。听 下 面 一 段 较 长 对 话，回 答 以 下 小 题。F 7 音 频 C6.What are the speakers going to do tonight?A.Eat out.B.Go shopping.C.Do sports.7.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A.Boss and secretary.B.Hostess and guest.C.Husband and wife.【答 案】6.A 7.C【解 析】原 文 W:Dave,dont forget we are invited out to dinner tonight.M:Oh,yeah.I almost forgot.What time?W:7:30.We should leave the house by 6:30.You know how bad the traffic is that time ofnight?M:Ifs informal,isnt it?W:Yeah.You can wear your new sports jacket.The one I got you as an anniversary gift.M:OK,well,Tve got to go.Til try to get home a little earlier today.W:Good.听 下 面 一 段 较 长 对 话，回 答 以 下 小 题。GiTT音 频 门 8.Why does the woman think July is the best time to move?A.Their business is slow.B.The weather is favorable.C.Its easy to hire people.9.How will they handle the moving?A.Finish it all at once.B.Have the sales section go first.C.Do one department at a time.【答 案】8.A 9.C【解 析】原 文 M:We need to decide exactly when were going to move.Any suggestions?W:I think July would be the best time.Our sales are always down that month.We couldmove all the office equipment at a weekend,do everything at once.M:I think a weekend is too short.Maybe we should do it department by department.W:What do you mean?M:Well,each week,a different department would move.That way,there would alwaysbe people here to handle customer inquiries,phone calls,and so on.W:Emm,thats a good idea.听 下 面 一 段 较 长 对 话，回 答 以 下 小 题 丽 超 W10.What did Peter learn from his grandfather?A.How to appreciate art works.B.How to deal with artists.C.How to run a museum.11.What did Peter do in Chicago?A.He studied at a college.B.He served in the army.C.He worked in a gallery.12.Whose works did Peter like best?A.Rembrandfs.B.Botticellis.C.Rubens9.【答 案】10.A 11.A 12.C【解 析】【原 文】W:So Mr Peter Seis,Td be curious to know what were the early connections inyour life that let you into the art field?M:My grandfather was an art dealer in Munich.They had a great museum in Munich.Hetook me to the museum,and I responded very strongly to what I saw on the walls there.Ilearned about art from him,I learned about looking at art from him.1 think thafs whatreally got me started.Then many years later,after I got out of the army,I went to study arthistory at the University of Chicago.W:Tell us more about your experiences of looking at art with your grandfather.M:Well,we looked at the famous paintings by the great artists like Rembrandt,Botticelli,and Albert Durer.Rubens paintings were my favorites.Yes,I remember these things.This was when I was between 10 and 15.When I was 14,1 was so anxious to see more artthat a friend of mine and I bicycled across the Alps to see Venice.That was a bigadventure.听 下 面 一 段 较 长 对 话，回 答 以 下 小 题。i z n 音 频 门 13.Where does the conversation take place?A.At a library.B.In a law firm.C.On a train.14.By what time did John plan to finish his term paper?A.March.B.August.C.October.15.Why did John quit his part-time job?A.He had to catch up with his study.B.He was offered a better one.C.He got tired of it.16.What is Susans attitude to Johns problem?A.Carefree.B.Understanding.C.Forgiving.【答 案】13.C 14.B 15.A 16.B【解 析】【原 文】W:Hi,John.Havent seen you for ages.M:Hi,Susan.Fancy meeting you here on the train.W:How is your college life?M:What can I say?Ive survived.W:What happened?M:Well,early last March,I started doing a part time job in a law firm.A few weeksbefore I had started writing my term paper.I thought I could finish it by August.W:That was a pretty good idea,trying to have some work experience.M:For the first 3 weeks,you know,I tried.I got up early and worked for an hour on mypaper before going to work.But work was so fun.I met tons of new people,and soon Icouldnt find even a minute for my paper.So I had to quit my part-time job and finallyfinished my paper in October.W:Well,ifs never too late to mend.Ifs kind of hard to find a balance between what youhave to do and what you want to do.M:Yeah,its really important for me to balance study and work.And I think I shouldlearn to exercise some self-control.听 下 面 一 段 独 白，回 答 以 下 小 题。音 频 n1 7.What did the speaker do before the year 2012?A.A fitness coach.B.A chess player.C.A marathon runner.18.Why was the 2016 Olympics important for the speaker?A.He was motivated by Bolt.B.He broke a world record.C.He won fifth place.19.Which is the hardest for the speaker?A.Getting over an injury.B.Doing strength training.C.Representing Botswana.20.What is the speaker mainly talking about?A.His plan to go for the gold.B.His experience on the track.C.His love fbr his home country.【答 案】17.B 18.C 19.A 20.B【解 析】【原 文】M:Being an athlete is very fun,painful,and exciting.Every time I come tothe track,I feel like Im out of this place.This is Botswana National Stadium.This iswhere I train.When I saw Usain Bolt running in 2012 London Olympics,I was amazed.Just watching him run,got me motivated.I quit being a chess player and started to run.Iwent to the 2016 Olympics and went to the finals at the age of 18.And wow,I finishedfifth.It was a dream come true to me,but I still wanted more.The training is super hard.But the hardest part for me is that I got an injury,an injury which may take me out foryears.For a period of time,as a young athlete,I didnt know what to do.I lost focus.Butnow,Tm back on the track.I really want to be there at the Olympics and do what I didbefore.Do much,much greater.I dont care about the gold,I dont care about the silver.Iwant to do my best,you know,take everything and show it to the world.第 二 部 分 阅 读 理 解（共 两 节，满 分 4 0分）第 一 节（共 1 5小 题;每 小 题 2 分，满 分 3 0分）阅 读 下 列 短 文，从 每 题 所 给 的 A、B、C 和 D 四 个 选 项 中，选 出 最 佳 选 项。AHenry Raeburn（1756-1823）The ExhibitionThis exhibition of some sixty masterpieces celebrating the life and work ofScotlands best loved painter,Sir Henry Raeburn,comes to London.Selected fromcollections throughout the world,it is the first major exhibition of his work to be held inover forty years.Lecture SeriesScottish National Portrait(肖 像 画)Gallery presents a series of lectures for thegeneral public.They are held in the Lecture Room.Admission to lectures is free.An Introduction to RaeburnSunday 26 Oct.,15.00DUNCAN THOMSONRaeburn s English ContemporariesThursday 30 Oct.,13.10JUDY EGERTONCharacters and Characterisation inRaeburn s PortraitsThursday 6 Nov.,13.10NICHOLAS PHILLIPSONRaeburn and Artist sf Training in the18th CenturyThursday 13 Nov.,13.10MARTIN POSTLEExhibition TimesMonday一 Saturday 10.0()一 17.45 Sunday 12.00 17.45Last admission to the exhibition:17.15.There is no re-admission.Closed:24-26 December and 1 January.Admission4.Children under 12 years accompanied by an adult are admitted free.Schools and CollegesA special low entrance charge of 2 per person is available to all in full-timeeducation,up to and including those at first degree level,in organised groups withteachers.21.What is the right time for attending Raeburn s English Contemporaries?A.Sun.26 Oct.B.Thurs.30 Oct.C.Thurs.6 Nov.D.Thurs.13 Nov.22.How much would a couple with two children under 12 pay for admission?A.4.B.8.C.12.D.16.23.How can full-time students get group discounts?A.They should go on Sunday mornings.B.They should come from art schools.C.They must be led by teachers.D.They must have ID cards with them.【答 案】21.B 22.B 23.C【解 析】【导 语】这 是 一 篇 应 用 文。文 章 主 要 介 绍 了 为 纪 念 苏 格 兰 最 受 欢 迎 的 画 家 亨 利 雷 伯 恩 爵 士 进 行 的 展 览 的 相 关 情 况。2 1题 详 解】细 节 理 解 题。根 据 文 章 第 二 个 小 标 题 中 表 格 右 上 角 Raeburn EnglishContemporaries 部 分“Thursday 30 Oct.（10 月 30 日 星 期 四）”可 知,在 10 月 30 日 星 期 四 可 以 去 参 加 Raeburn9s English Contemporarieso 故 选 B 项。【2 2题 详 解】细 节 理 解 题。根 据 文 章 第 四 个 小 标 题 Admission部 分“4.Children under 12 yearsaccompanied by an adult are admitted free.（4 英 镑。12岁 以 下 儿 童 在 一 位 成 人 陪 同 下 免 费 入 场）”可 知，一 对 夫 妇 应 付 4+4=8英 镑，两 个 12岁 以 下 的 儿 童 在 成 人 陪 同 下 免 费，即 入 场 费 为 8英 镑。故 选 B 项。【2 3题 详 解】细 节 理 解 题。根 据 最 后 一 段 A special low entrance charge of 2 per person isavailable to all in full-time education,up to and including those at first degree level,inorganised groups with teachers.（所 有 全 日 制 教 育 的 学 生，高 至 并 包 括 那 些 学 士 学 位 水 平 的 学 生，在 有 教 师 的 组 织 团 体 中，均 可 享 受 每 人 2 英 镑 的 特 别 低 入 场 费）”可 知，全 日 制 学 生 在 有 教 师 的 组 织 团 体 中，可 以 获 得 折 扣，即 他 们 必 须 由 教 师 带 领。故 选 C 项。点 睛 视 频 LBIn 1916,two girls of wealthy families,best friends from Auburn,N.Y.DorothyWoodruff and Rosamond Underwood-traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountainsto teach in a one-room schoolhouse.The girls had gone to Smith College.They woreexpensive clothes.So for them to move to Elkhead,Colo,to instruct the children whoseshoes were held together with string was a surprise.Their stay in Elkhead is the subject ofNothing Daunted:The Unexpected Education of Two Society Girls in the West byDorothy Wickenden,who is a magazine editor and Dorothy Woodruffs granddaughter.Why did they go then?Well,they wanted to do something useful.Soon,however,they realized what they had undertaken.They moved in with a local family,the Harrisons,and,like them,had little privacy,rare baths,and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning.Somemornings,Rosamond and Dorothy would arrive at the schoolhouse to find the childrenweeping from the cold.In spring,the snow was replaced by mud over ice.In Wickenden9s book,she expanded on the history of the West and also on feminism,which of course influenced the girls decision to go to Elkhead.A hair-raising sectionconcerns the building of the railroads,which entailed（牵 涉）drilling through the Rockies,often in blinding snowstonns.The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothys return toAuburn.Wickenden is a very good storyteller.The sweep of the land and the stoicism（坚 忍）of the people move her to some beautiful writing.Here is a picture of Dorothy Woodruff,on her horse,looking down from a hill top:When the sun slipped behind the mountains,it shed a rosy glow all around them.Then a full moon rose.The snow was marked onlyby small animals:fbxes,coyotes,mice,and varying hares,which turned white in thewinter.24.Why did Dorothy and Rosamond go to the Rocky Mountains?A.lb teach in a school.B.To study American history.C.To write a book.D.To do sightseeing.25.What can we learn about the girls from paragraph 3?A.They enjoyed much respect.B.They had a room with a bathtub.C.They lived with the local kids.D.They suffered severe hardships.26.Which part of Wickendens writing is hair-raising?A.The extreme climate of Auburn.B.The living conditions in Elkhead.C.The railroad building in the Rockies.D.The natural beauty of the West.27.What is the text?A.A news report.B.A book review.C.A childrens story.D.A diary entry.【答 案】24.A 25.D 26.C 27.B【解 析】【导 语】这 是 一 篇 说 明 文。文 章 是 一 则 书 评，简 要 介 绍 了 Dorothy Wickenden的 书 籍 并 对 其 进 行 了 评 价。【2 4题 详 解】细 节 理 解 题。根 据 第 一 段 In 1916,two girls of wealthy families,best friends fromAuburn,N.Y.-Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood-traveled to a settlement inthe Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse.（1916 年，来 自 纽 约 奥 本 市 的 两 个 富 裕 家 庭 的 女 孩-Dorothy Woodruff和 Rosamond Underwood-来 到 落 基 山 脉 的 一 个 定 居 点，在 一 间 只 有 一 个 房 间 的 学 校 教 书）”可 知，Dorothy和 Rosamond去 落 基 山 脉 是 为 了 去 学 校 里 教 书。故 选 A 项。【2 5题 详 解】推 理 判 断 题。根 据 第 三 段 They moved in with a local family,the Harrisons,and likethem,had little privacy,rare baths,and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke叩 in the morning.（他 们 和 一 个 当 地 家 庭，哈 里 森 一 家 一 起 搬 进 去，和 他 们 一 样，几 乎 没 有 隐 私，很 少 洗 澡，早 上 醒 来 时 被 子 上 覆 盖 着 一 层 雪）”以 及“In spring,thesnow was replaced by mud over ice.（在 春 天，雪 被 泥 替 代 覆 盖 在 冰 上）”可 推 知，女 孩 们 的 生 活 条 件 非 常 艰 苦，她 们 的 生 活 饱 受 磨 难。故 选 D 项。2 6题 详 解】细 节 理 解 题。根 据 倒 数 第 二 段 A hair-raising section concerns the building of therailroads,which entailed drilling through the Rockies,often in blinding snowstorms.（令 人 毛 骨 悚 然 的 一 段 与 铁 路 建 设 有 关，这 涉 及 到 在 令 人 眩 目 的 暴 风 雪 中 钻 穿 落 基 山 脉）”可 知，Wickenden的 作 品 中 涉 及 落 基 山 脉 的 铁 路 建 设 这 一 部 分 是 令 人 毛 骨 悚 然 的。故 选 C 项。【2 7题 详 解】推 理 判 断 题。根 据 倒 数 第 二 段 The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothys return toAuburn.（这 本 书 以 Rosamond和 Dorothy回 至 lj奥 本 结 束）”以 及 最 后 一 段 Wickendenis a very good storyteller.The sweep of the land and the stoicism of the people move herto some beautiful writing.（Wickenden是 个 很 好 的 讲 故 事 的 人。大 地 的 辽 阔 和 人 们 的 坚 忍 使 她 创 作 出 了 一 些 美 丽 的 作 品）”可 知，本 文 简 要 介 绍 了 Wickenden的 书 籍 内 容，并 对 其 进 行 了 评 价，所 以 文 本 是 一 篇 书 评。故 选 B 项。【点 睛】而 视 频 nCCan a small group of drones（无 人 札 L）guarantee the safety and reliability of railwaysand,at the same time,help railway operators save billions of euros each year?That is thevery likely future of applying todays eyes in the sky”technology to making sure that themillions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure（基 础 设 施）worldwide are safe fortrains on a 24/7 basis.Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines.They coulddo precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of railinfrastructure such as the correct position of railway