2022年五邑大学自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）.pdf

2022年 五 邑 大 学 自 考 英 语（二）练 习 题 汇 总（附 答 案 解 析）第 1题【单 选 题】【填 句 补 文】The smoke that comes from a lit cigarette contains many differentpoisonous chemicals.In the past,scientists did not think that these chemicals couldharm a nonsmokers h e a l t h.They discovered that even nonsmokers hadunhealthy amounts of these toxic（有 毒 的）chemicals in their bodies.A、The Gilsons have been married for 35 years.B Recently,though,scientists changed their opinion after they studied a largegroup of nonsmokers.C、We cannot avoid secondhand smoke in restaurants.D、In the United States,nine million children under the age of five live in homeswith at least one smoker.【正 确 答 案】B【答 案 解 析】前 一 句 讲 的 是 科 学 家 们 过 去 对 二 手 烟 的 看 法，接 下 来 应 选 表 示 他 们 改 变 观 点 的 句 子，因 为 下 一 句 表 明 他 们 所 持 的 观 点 已 与 过 去 截 然 不 同。第 2 题【单 选 题】【阅 读 选 择】Income may be national income and personal income.Whereasnational income is defined as the total earned income of all the factors of production-namely,profits,interest,rent,wages,and other compensation for labor,personalincome may be defined as total money income received by individuals beforepersonal taxes are paid.National income does not equal GNP because the factors ofproduction do not receive payment for either capital consumption allowances orindirect business taxes,both of which are included in GNP.The money put aside forcapital consumption is for replacement and thus is not counted as income.Indirect1taxes include sales taxes,property taxes,and excise taxes that are paid by businessesdirectly to the government and so reduce the income left to pay for the factors ofproduction.Three-fourths of national income goes for wages,salaries,and otherforms of compensation to employees.Which of the following statements is trueaccording to the paragraph?A、GNP equals national income plus indirect business taxes.B、GNP excludes both capital consumption allowances and indirect businesstaxes.C Personal income is regarded as the total money income received by anindividual after his or her taxes are paid.D The money that goes for capital consumption is not regarded as income.【正 确 答 案】D 答 案 解 析 本 题 的 依 据 是 本 段 的 The money put aside for capital consumption isfor replacement and thus is not counted as income.这 个 句 子。对 原 句 的 词 语 选 项 D用 了 别 的 表 达 方 法，但 大 意 仍 保 持 不 变。第 3题【单 选 题】【完 成 句 子】As the sunflowers grow,put a hay fence around them for protectionand stake if necessary.Plant morning glories or sweet peas around the base of eachsunflower;and they will grow up the stems,eventually forming a roof over the top.By summers end,kids will have a sunflower house to play in.When autumn comes,children c a n.A seed lots of sunflowersB play games in the sunflower houseC、include plants with animal namesD find their own playing section【正 确 答 案】B【答 案 解 析】段 落 最 后 一 句 是 答 案 的 出 处，By summed end夏 天 结 束 的 时 候 实 际 上 就 是 When autumn comes”秋 天 来 临 的 时 候”。答 案 选 择 B 02第 4 题【单 选 题】【阅 读 选 择】People suspected that“Lucky”,as he was called by friends,wanted tokill his wife he no longer lived with.They say that Lucan entered his old house and inthe dark,killed the nanny by mistake.His estranged wife heard noises,camedownstairs and was also attacked,but managed to escape.Seven months after themurder,a jury concluded that Lucan had killed the nanny.lt is thought that Lucankilled the nanny b e c a u s e.A、she was looking after the childrenB、she was a friend of LucansC it was dark and he thought she was Lady LucanD Loa rd Lucan thought the nanny stole his car【正 确 答 案】c【答 案 解 析】答 案 选 C。因 果 关 系 题。对 照 本 段 People suspected thatLucky,as he was called by friends,wanted to kill his wife he no longer lived with.They saythat Lucan entered his old house and in the dark,killed the nanny by mistake.本 来 是 要 杀 他 的 妻 子，可 是 因 为 天 太 黑，所 以 错 杀 了 保 姆。答 案 选 C。第 5题【单 选 题】2009.10 The room was q u i e t,t h e occasional coughing from my throat.A in caseB、except forC、by farD instead of【正 确 答 案】B【答 案 解 析】本 题 考 查 介 词 短 语 意 义 区 分。【译 文】这 个 房 间 很 安 静，除 了 偶 尔 从 我 喉 咙 里 发 出 的 咳 嗽 声 以 外。A 以 免、以 防 万 一 B 除 了 以 外 C 到 目 前 为 止 D 代 替、而 不 是 3第 6 题【单 选 题】2009.01 Children have a natural about the world around them.A、certaintyB capabilityC、clevernessD、curiosity【正 确 答 案】D【答 案 解 析】句 意：孩 子 们 对 他 们 周 围 的 事 物 有 着 天 然 的 好 奇 心。考 查 名 词 词 义 选 择。A 确 定 性，肯 定 的 事；B 能 力，才 能；C 精 明，聪 颖；D 好 奇 心，求 知 欲。第 7 题【单 选 题】【填 句 补 文】David Guterson and his wife teach their three children at home.Guterson says that his children learn very differently from children in school:.For example,when there is heavy snowfall on a winter day,it may start adiscussion or reading about climate,snow removal equipment,Alaska,polar bears（北 极 熊）,and winter tourism.A spring evening when the family is out watchingthe stars is a good time to ask questions about satellites and the space program.A、Some parents prefer teaching their children at home because they do notbelieve that public schools teach the correct religious values.B Learning starts with the childrens interests and questions.C Interestingly,results show that home-schooled children quite often do betterthan average on national tests in reading and math.D、Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children.【正 确 答 案】B【答 案 解 析】此 空 要 填 的 是 home-schoolers与 其 他 孩 子 学 习 的 不 同 点，因 此 选 B。第 8 题【单 选 题】4 阅 读 选 择 One reason is economic.In a traditional agricultural economy,largefamilies are helpful.Having more children means having more workers in the fieldsand someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an industrial economy,thesituation is different.Many children do not help a family;instead,they are anexpense.Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate.This wasthe case in Italy,which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early partof the twentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with a highbirth rate.After World WarlB,Italys economy was rapidly modernized andindustrialized.By the end of the century,the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 childrenper woman,the worlds lowest.In a traditional agricultural economy,a largef a m i l y.A、can be an advantageB、may limit incomeC、isnt necessaryD is expensive【正 确 答 案】A【答 案 解 析】答 案 选 A。对 照 本 段 In a traditional agricultural economy,large familiesare helpful.大 的 家 庭 是 有 帮 助 的，选 项 中 最 接 近 意 思 的 是 A,成 为 一 个 优 势，答 案 是 Ao第 9 题【单 选 题】【填 句 补 文】“Geochemists just want an intuitive sense of whats going on with theelements/says Albert Galy from the University of C a m b r i d g e.A An earth scientist has rejigged the periodic table（元 素 周 期 表）to makechemistry simpler to teach to students.B、The traditional periodic table was well drawn.C、“I imagine contour lines would be good for undergraduates/D But he has added contour lines to charge density,helping to explain which ionsreact with which.5【正 确 答 案】C【答 案 解 析】这 一 段 是 剑 桥 大 学 的 AlbertGaly的 原 话，我 们 可 以 从 引 导 整 个 关 键 点 得 出 答 案。即：地 学 化 学 家 们 只 想 通 过 直 觉 判 断 元 素 的 活 动。我 想 等 高 线 对 学 生 们 有 好 处”。第 10题【单 选 题】阅 读 选 择 The farm is set right next to a beautiful flood plain and the property ishome to trees that have lived for thousands of years.All of the villages throughoutBotswana（博 茨 瓦 纳）have their own chief who controls a certain amount of land.We had the opportunity to sit in on a meeting with the chief of Katchikow,which wecalled it“Catch a Cow.In the meeting we discussed starting a hydroponics farm inhis area.He seemed to be all for it and said that it was gods plan that the project wewere helping with had come to his area.The chief of each v i l l a g e.A、is called KatchikowB、supports the idea of hydroponics farmC has a certain amount of landD、has a meeting each week【正 确 答 案】c【答 案 解 析】答 案 选 C o细 节 理 解 题。根 据 所 考 关 键 词 chief迅 速 锁 定 本 段 介 绍 ch ie f的 内 容。每 个 村 庄 都 会 有 一 个 自 己 的 首 领，而 每 个 首 领 都 拥 有 一 定 量 的 土 地。第 11题【单 选 题】2009.10 The profit-sharing plan is designed to the staff to work hard.A calculateB、demonstrateC、speculateD motivate【正 确 答 案】D6第 12题【单 选 题】阅 读 选 择 I recognized that the sites such as Associated Content can provide afertile ground for learning how to become a better writer.I could see that this was anopen door for systematically learning some basic writing skills without paying collegetuition for classes and leaving the comfort of my own home.In the eyes of the author,the site Associated C o n t e n t.A、offers you a lot of novels to readB、is good for your becoming a writerC、asks you to study writing regularlyD is rather expensive but convenient【正 确 答 案】B 答 案 解 析 答 案 选 B。根 据 本 段 的 can provide a fertile ground for learning how tobecome a better writer确 定 B答 案。其 余 选 项 与 原 文 意 思 不 符。A 与 D选 项 所 表 达 内 容 在 文 中 并 未 提 及，可 以 被 排 除。C选 项 中 regularly 一 词 并 未 在 文 中 得 到 体 现。第 13题【单 选 题】【填 句 补 文】“Geochemists just want an intuitive sense of whats going on with theelements/says Albert Galy from the University of C a m b r i d g e.A An earth scientist has rejigged the periodic table（元 素 周 期 表）to makechemistry simpler to teach to students.B、The traditional periodic table was well drawn.C、a imagine contour lines would be good for undergraduates/D、But he has added contour lines to charge density,helping to explain which ionsreact with which.【正 确 答 案】C【答 案 解 析】这 一 段 是 剑 桥 大 学 的 Albert G aly的 原 话，我 们 可 以 从 引 导 整 个 关 键 点 得 出 答 案。即：地 学 化 学 家 们 只 想 通 过 直 觉 判 断 元 素 的 活 动。我 想 等 高 线 对 7学 生 们 有 好 处。第 14题【单 选 题】【填 句 补 文】There is a difference between science and technology.Science has to do with discovering the facts and relationships between observablephenomena in nature and with establishing theories that serve to organize thesefacts and relationships;technology has to do with tools,techniques,and proceduresfor applying the findings of science.A、Another distinction between science and technology has to do with theprogress in each.B We are all familiar with the improper use of technology.C Unlike science,progress in technology must be measured in terms of thehuman factor.D、Science is a method of answering theoretical questions;technology is amethod of solving practical problems.【正 确 答 案】D【答 案 解 析】第 一 句 总 述 了 科 学 和 技 术 是 有 差 别 的。缺 空 后 是 对 两 者 的 分 述，因 此 缺 空 处 也 应 是 对 两 者 的 分 述，故 选 D。第 15题【单 选 题】【阅 读 判 断】The river was so high that the water ran into streets and houses.Manystreets had to be closed to cars and trucks because of the high water.This made itdifficult for fire trucks,police cars,and other rescue vehicles to help people whowere in trouble.Q:Rescue vehicles had a hard time getting to people.A TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正 确 答 案】A【答 案 解 析】答 案 选 A。本 题 的 意 思 是：救 援 车 辆 费 了 很 大 劲 才 把 人 救 出 来。此 8句 的 意 思 在 最 后 一 句 提 到 了，故 选 A。第 16题【单 选 题】（完 成 句 子】The average lightning strike is more than 3 miles long and can travel ata tenth of the speed of light.Ball lightning,the rarest and most mysterious form,derives its name from the small luminous ball that appears near the impact point,moves horizontally,and lasts for several seconds.One form of lightning thatis ball lightning.A、occurs most infrequentlyB、is shifted sideways by strong windsC is often hidden from our viewD is estimated at 20 millions a year【正 确 答 案】A【答 案 解 析】本 段 文 字 与 题 目 相 关 的 句 子 是:Ball lightning,the rarest and mostmysterious form,derives its name from the small luminous ball.,关 键 词 是 rarest（rare的 最 高 级 形 式）与 infrequently 很 少 发 生，少 有“表 达 相 同 的 意 思。第 17题【单 选 题】【2009.7 He would that all the classified data should be kept safe when inoffice.A assureB ensureC、insureD secure【正 确 答 案】B【答 案 解 析】本 题 考 查 动 词 意 义 区 分。【译 文】他 保 证 在 办 公 室 里 的 所 有 机 密 数 据 处 于 安 全 状 态。【详 细 解 答】A 使 确 信，使 有 信 心；B 确 保（某 事）发 生，担 保；C 为.投 保，给.保 险；D 安 全 的，没 有 危 险 的 9第 18题【单 选 题】【阅 读 选 择 Good news for chocoholics：the treat preferred by millions all over theworld is good for you,according to American researchers at the University ofCalifornia.Chocolate contains substances called flavonoids（类 黄 酮）that can helpmaintain a healthy heart and good circulation.The researchers have discovered thatcocoa acts like aspirin and that eating a bar of chocolate has also been shown torelease endorphins in the body：these chemicals help to reduce pain and stress andmake you feel happy.Why is chocolate good for heart and circulation?A、It reduces pain and stress.B、It contains substances called flavonoids.C It releases endorphins in human body.D It acts like aspirin to protect heart.【正 确 答 案】B【答 案 解 析】因 果 关 系 词 信 号 词。凡 是 注 释 中 文 的 地 方 可 能 是 答 案 区 域。第 19题【单 选 题】【2008.10 Johnson was unknown before running for the presidency.A、visiblyB、visuallyC、verticallyD virtually【正 确 答 案】D【答 案 解 析】本 题 考 查（形 近 的）副 词 词 义 区 分。译 文：事 实 上，约 翰 逊 在 参 选 总 统 职 位 之 前 是 个 无 名 人 士。A 显 然，明 显 地 B 外 表 上，直 观 地 C 垂 直 地，直 立 地 D 实 际 上，事 实 上 第 20题【单 选 题】2009.01 If you try to learn too many things at a time,you may g e t.10A、concentratedB、confusedC、confirmedD、convinced【正 确 答 案】B【答 案 解 析】本 题 考 查 形 近 形 容 词 意 义 区 分。句 意：如 果 你 试 图 一 次 学 太 多 东 西，你 就 有 可 能 糊 涂 了。A.浓 缩 的，专 心 的；B 糊 涂 的，混 淆 的；C 根 深 蒂 固 的；D确 信 的。第 21题【单 选 题】It wont make any to you.A、differenceB、distinctionC、comparisonD、division【正 确 答 案】A【答 案 解 析】句 意：这 对 你 不 会 有 什 么 影 响。make a difference：有 影 响，起 作 用 第 22题【单 选 题】2009.01 What he told us was more of a(n)t h a n a reality.A、illusionB、demonstrationC、illustrationD、reputation【正 确 答 案】A【答 案 解 析】本 题 考 查 词 义 辨 析。句 意：他 告 诉 我 们 的 更 可 能 是 幻 想 而 不 是 现 实。考 查 名 词 词 义。A 幻 想，错 误 观 念；B 演 示，证 明；C 图 解，实 例；D 名 声，名 誉。11第 23题【单 选 题】【完 成 句 子】As the sunflowers grow,put a hay fence around them for protectionand stake if necessary.Plant morning glories or sweet peas around the base of eachsunflower,and they will grow up the stems,eventually forming a roof over the top.By summers end,kids will have a sunflower house to play in.When autumn comes,children c a n.A、seed lots of sunflowersB、play games in the sunflower houseC、include plants with animal namesD、find their own playing section【正 确 答 案】B【答 案 解 析】段 落 最 后 一 句 是 答 案 的 出 处，By summer勺 end夏 天 结 束 的 时 候 实 际 上 就 是 When autumn comes”秋 天 来 临 的 时 候。答 案 选 择 B。第 24题【单 选 题】【填 句 补 文】Many beginning interviewers are afraid that they are forcing the otherperson to answer questions and have no right to inquire about his personal secrets.Unless the person really hates being interviewed,he is delighted thatsomebody wants to interview him.A This fear is almost 100 percent unnecessary.B、This doesnt necessarily mean that it will go well.C、Most men and women lead lives that are uninteresting.D、Both of you need time to get to know each other.【正 确 答 案】A【答 案 解 析】抓 住 关 键 词 进 行 同 义 替 换，也 就 是 a fra id,选 项 中 this fear就 是 对 这 种 担 心 的 补 充，这 种 担 心 是 完 全 没 有 必 要 的，除 非 被 采 访 者 确 实 是 讨 厌 别 人 问 自 己。12第 25题【单 选 题】【阅 读 判 断】Every year,in November,Thanksgiving Day reminds us of the goodthings in life,and people are thankful.On this day people usually eat turkey andgreat quantities of other foods.Q:The turkey is a most popular food on ThanksgivingDay.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正 确 答 案】A【答 案 解 析】答 案 选 A。感 恩 节 这 天 火 鸡 通 常 是 必 不 可 少 的。因 此 本 题 是 正 确 的。第 26题【单 选 题】【完 成 句 子】Sagan was noted for the vigour of his logic style,especially whencriticizing some piece of pseudoscience（伪 科 学）.I remembered a 1973 AAASmeeting at which he destroyed the theories of Immanuel Velikovsky,who wasmaintaining that only a few thousands of years ago,Venus had repeatedly c