陕西省西安市临潼区2021-2022学年高一下学期期末质量检测英语试题Word版含解析.docx

临潼区20212022学年度高一第二学期期末质量监测英语试题注意事项:1.本试卷共10页，全卷满分150分，答题时间为120分钟;2 .答卷前，考生须准确填写自己的姓名、准考证号，并认真核准条形码上的姓名、准考证号;3 .本试卷由选择题和非选择题两大部分组成。选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂，非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔书写，涂写要工整、清晰;4 .考试结束后，监考员将答题卡按顺序收回，装袋整理;试题卷不回收。第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What is the man surprised about?A. How expensive the tickets are. B. How long the line is. C. How late it is.2. Whose wallet is it probably?A. Susie's， B. Sharon'sC. Chris's。3. Where are the speakers probably?A. In a bank. B. In a hotel. C. In a restaurant.4. Why does the woman feel so tired?A. She walked to school today.B. She was woken up early by a dog.C. She went to bed quite late last night.5. What did the man think of the movie?A. Funny. B. Ridiculous. C. Serious.第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。fields. Many farmers drive around to monitor growth and watch for pests and diseases. But these surveys are typically random and don't cover more than 2 percent of a field. Remote sensing can provide accurate data that covers an entire field and cables recommendations tailored to what's going on in the stricken area.12. What may the third agricultural revolution help farmers do in the future?A. Make reasonable decisions.B. Grasp computing ability.C. Deal with big data.D. Develop business potentials.13. Why did the author give an example in Paragraph 4 according to the text?A.To confirm the coming of a storm.B.To explain the reason of fertilizer runoff.C.To stress the effect of information application.D.To show the use of computer models.14. What is the advantage of the remote sensing technology?A.It can show typical random.B.It can drive up crop productionC.It can remove pests and diseases.D.It can offer exact statistics.15. What is the author's attitude to the coming agriculture revolution?A. Opposed.B. Neutral.C. Positive.D. Unclear.【答案】12.A13. D 14. D 15. C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了第三次农业革命可能来自信息，数字技术和大数据在农业中的运 用，将有助于农民做出更好的决策，提高作物产量。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段 “The third is likely to come from information, as digital technology and big data help farmers make better decisions and drive up crop production.（第三词可能来自信息，因为数字技术和大数据有 助于农民做出更好的决策，提高作物产量）”可知，第三次农业革命可以帮助农民做出合理的决定。故选 A项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段 u Stem offered the example of a farmer preparing for the regular fall fertilizing of his fields who delays the application after being informed of a coming storm. That decision reduces runoff, keeps fertilizer on the field, and helps controls farmer costs. As data gathers season after season, computer models will help farmers better manage fertilizer and other additions to optimize production and minimize runoff.（Stem 提供 了一个例子，一位准备在秋季在田里定期施肥的农民在得知即将到来的风暴后，推迟了施肥。这一决定 减少了径流，使肥料留在田里，并有助于控制农民的成本。随着数据逐季收集，计算机模型将帮助农民 更好地管理肥料和其他添加物，以优化生产，最大限度地减少径流）”可知，作者用一个具体事例来展示 了计算机模型的具体应用。故选D项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后段 uRemote sensing can provide accurate data that covers an entire field and cables recommendations tailored to what's going on in the stricken area.（遥感可以提供覆盖整个地区的准确数据，并 根据受灾地区的情况提供建议）”可知，遥感技术可以提供准确的统计数据。故选D项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段 “The third is likely to come from information, as digital technology and big data help farmers make better decisions and drive up crop production.（第三次可能来自信息，因为数字技术和大数据有 助于农民做出更好的决策，提高作物产量）”以及后文举例证明这一点可知，作者对即将到来的第三次农 业革命持有积极的态度。故选C项。第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。Why do we feel anxiety about starting something new? 1 6? Try the following to overcome that fear and move forward.The first way we can begin to deal with our anxiety is to acknowledge it. When we don't acknowledge our fear, it's easy to let it control us.1 7. Without reflection, fear runs rampant（猖獗的）.But once the anxiety is acknowledged, you can begin to ease it with logical and emotional arguments.1 8. One powerful way to ease your fears is to embrace your anxiety. Get familiar with the feeling of being afraid, and accept it! It's there to protect you, but it doesn't have to control you. In fact, go ahead and accept that failure is possible. Even plan on doing it wrong first.Another way to reduce anxiety is to concentrate your life on leaning, instead of achievement. When you shift your focus away from badges of success and to a learning mindset,19. Your ultimate goal is simply to learn.Finally, just remember everyone feels fear. Everyone has to go through learning periods before they find what really works. All the most successful people have actually just failed more than regular people. Though having failed many times, they've ended up learning more than most and building something great.20 Thafs why we need courage. So if all else fails, just do it scared.A. we9 re nervous to reveal ourselvesB. Accept the possibility of failure nextC. it makes trying new things much less scaryD. Why do we hold ourselves back from beginning a new job, a new business, starting or ending a relationshipE. Thafs why it's so important to reflect on why you are hesitant to begin your new projectF. Actually, anxiety about starting something new never really goes awayG. Secondly, failure does not make you any less worthy of trying【答案】16.D17. E 18.B19. C 20. F【解【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了克服恐惧的几种方法。【16题详解】根据空后的问号可知，空处为疑问句。选项中只有D uWhy do we hold ourselves back from beginning a new job, a new business, starting or ending a relationship（试试下面的方法来克服恐惧，继续前进）”是疑问句，形 式上符合；内容也和下文“Try the following to overcome that fear and move forward.（为什么我们会在开始 一份新工作、一项新业务、开始或结束一段关系时阻碍自己）”保持一致，下一句为本句问题的解答。故 选D。【17题详解】根据下文“Without reflection, fear runs rampant（猖獗的）.（没有反思，恐惧就会泛滥）”可知，空处应提到反 思的重要性。选项 E "That's why it's so important to reflect on why you are hesitant to begin your new project（这就是为什么反思为什么你在开始新项目时犹豫不决是如此重要）”，与上下文内容一致。故选 Eo【18题详解】空处为段首句，为本段中心句。根据下文 uOne powerful way to ease your fears is to embrace your anxiety. Get familiar with the feeling of being afraid, and accept it! It's there to protect you, but it doesn't have to control you. In fact, go ahead and accept that failure is possible. Even plan on doing it wrong first.（缓解恐惧的个有效 方法就是拥抱焦虑。熟悉害怕的感觉，并接受它!它是用来保护你的，但它不需要控制你。事实上，勇往 直前，接受失败是可能的。甚至一开始就打算做错）”可知，心理上接收失败的可能性也是缓解恐惧的一 种方法。选项B "Accept the possibility of failure next（接受失败的可能性）”与下文一致，为本段主要内 容。故选B。【19题详解】根据空前的逗号可知，空处首字母无需大写。故答案在选项A和C中产生。根据段首句"Another way to reduce anxiety is to concentrate your life on leaning, instead of achievement/ 另个减少焦虑的方法是把你的 生活集中在学习上，而不是成就）”可知，专注学习也是减少焦虑的方法。选项C “it makes trying new things much less scary（它让尝试新事物变得不那么可怕）”正是指的不会那么恐惧。故选C。【2。题详解】 根据下文 “That's why we need courage. So if all else fails, just do it scared .（这就是为什么我们需要勇气。所 以，如果所有的方法都失败了，那就恐惧地去做）”说明空处所填内容指的是“下文需要勇气的原因”再 根据“恐惧地去做”说明指的是恐惧并不会消失。选项F Actually, anxiety about starting something new never really goes away（事实上，开始新事物的焦虑从未真正消失）”与下文一致。故选F。第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题，每小题L5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Shuai Xiaoyun is a 41-year-old doctor in Qituo village in Apengjiang, Southwest China's Chongqing. And she has 21 the health and well-being of the locals for almost two decades.The village was always hit by heavy snowfall, which resulted in layers of 22 snow and ice covering the roads. Shuai knew this would trouble those seeking 23, so she visited her patients on foot and offeredher 24 door to door. "I cannot 25 the villagers9 illnesses just because the road is hard to26 said Shuai.A graduate from a junior college of Western medicine in 1995, Shuai 27 worked away from Qituo at a pharmacy （药店）in the city of Chongqing. As she felt28over the years, she eventually decided to29 to Apengjiang she missed day and night and30a small shop in her hometown. After learninghow 31 it was for the villagers of Qituo to 32 proper medical treatment due to the lack of doctors, Shuai wanted to help the place where she 33 with her medical expertise. Putting her34 into action, she became a maternal and child health care worker （妇幼保健工作者）for all 963 villagers in 393 households.Over the years, Shuai has dropped in at every corner of the village. She 35 the hearts of the villagers with her enthusiasm and professionalism and they 36 her as their own daughter and sister. “Shuai Xiaoyun is quite 37 every time asking about illnesses in detail. We all love her very much and treat her like a 38 J said Zhang Yugui, a resident of Qituo.“We are not family by blood but we are as close as a family. There is a 39 between us J said Shuai, “I will continue working and provide treatments whenever a need is 4021. A.recordedB.guardedC.investigatedD.proved22. A.deepB.softC.shortD.thin23. A.meansB.chancesC.treatmentsD.profits24.A.materialsB.invitationsC.rewardsD.services25.A.predictB.denyC.preventD.ignore26.A.ride onB.jump offc.walk onD.escape from27.A.originallyB.secretlyc.finallyD.occasionally28.A.exhaustedB.homesickc.contentD.challenged29.A.returnB.referc.signalD.turn30.A.decoratedB.donatedc.operatedD.advertised31.A.fantasticB.toughc.relaxingD.boring32.A.seekB.offerc.refuseD.quit33.A.hung outB.called atc.grew upD.escaped from34.A.theoriesB.thoughtsc.promisesD.assumptions35.A.brokeB.openedc.followedD.won36.A.missedB.educatedc.raisedD.considered37.A.patientB.directc.nervousD.proud38.A.graduateB.visitorc.relativeD.customer39.A.dateB.dealc.barrierD.bond40.A.avoidedB.shownc.satisfiedD.accepted【答案】21. B 22. A23. C 24. D25. D26. C 27. A28. B29. A 30B32. A 33. C34. B 35. D36. D 37. A 38. C39. D40. B.C31.【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了守护393户963名村民的妇幼保健工作者一一帅小云的故事。21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：近20年来，她一直保护着当地人的健康和福祉。A. recorded记录；B. guarded 守卫；C. investigated 调查；D. proved 证明。由下文 uPutting her 14 into action, she became amaternal and child health care worker （妇幼保健工作者）for all 963 villagers in 393 households.?可知，帅小 玄是一名妇幼保健工作者，一直守卫着人们的健康，故选B。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个村庄经常遭到大雪的袭击，导致道路被厚厚的积雪和冰层覆盖。A. deep 深的;B. soft 软的；C. short 短的;D. thin 薄的。由上文 uThe village was always hit by heavy snowfall, which resulted in layers ofn可知,大雪很大,所以地面的积雪很深,故选A。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：帅小云知道这会给那些寻求治疗的人带来麻烦，所以她步行去看望她的病 人,挨家挨户地给人们提供服务。A. means方法；B. chances机会；C.treatments治疗；D. profits利润。 由下文uso she visited her patients on footv可知，此处指寻求治疗的病人，故选C。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：帅小云知道这会给那些寻求治疗的人带来麻烦，所以她步行去看望她的病 人,挨家挨户地给人们提供服务。A. materials材料；B.invitations邀请；C.rewards奖励；D.services服 务。由上文so she visited her patients on foot and offered hern可知，帅小云步行去看望病人，给他们提供 服务，故选D。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：帅小云说，“我不能因为路不好走就忽视村民的疾病"。4predict预测；B.deny 否认；C. prevent 预防；D. ignore 忽视。由下文 “I cannot 5 the villagers9 illnesses justbecause the road is hard to 6”可知，虽然路很难走，但是帅小云没有因此忽视病人的疾病，她步行去给病人看病，故选D。【26题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：帅说，“我不能因为路不好走就忽视村民的疾病”。A. ride on骑在上 面；B. jump off 跳下来；C. walk on 继续行走；D. escape from 逃脱。由上文 “The village was always hit by heavy snowfall, which resulted in layers of 2 snow and ice covering the roads.” 可矢口， 这个村庄经常下大雪，路面有积雪，所以道路很难走，故选C。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她1995年毕业于西医专科学校，最初在重庆一家药店工作。A. originally起 初；B. secretly 秘密地；C. finally 最终；D. occasionally 偶尔。由上下文 u A graduate from a junior college of Western medicine in 1995, Shuai 7 worked away from Qituo at a pharmacy v可知，帅小云毕业后，最初在一家药店上班，故选A。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于多年来一直想家，她最终决定回到日夜思念的阿彭江，在家乡开了一 家小店。A. exhausted筋疲力尽的；B.homesick想家的;C. content满意的；D.challenged受到挑战的。由 下文"Apengjiang she missed day and night,可知，帅小云想念自己的家乡，故选B。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于多年来一直想家，她最终决定回到日夜思念的阿彭江，在家乡开了一家 小店。A. return返回；B. refer提到；C.signal发信号；D.turn使转动。由上下文“she eventually decided to 9 to Apengjiang she missed day and night”可知，帅小云最终因为想家而回到了家乡开了一家小店，故选A。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于多年来一直想家，她最终决定回到日夜思念的阿彭江，在家乡开了一家 小店。A. decorated装饰；B. donated捐赠；C.operated操作；经营；D. advertised做广告。由下文“a small shop in her hometown.,可知，帅小云在家乡开了一家小店，故选C。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在了解到基托村民由于缺少医生而难以得到适当的治疗之后，帅想用她的 医术帮助这个她从小长大的地方。A. fantastic极好的；B. tough艰难的；C. relaxing令人放松的；D. boring令人厌烦的。由下文"due to the lack of doctors,可知，由于缺少医生，基托村村民很难得到适当 的治疗，故选B。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在了解到基托村民由于缺少医生而难以得到适当的治疗之后，帅想用她的医 术帮助这个她从小长大的地方。A.seek寻找；B. offer提供；C. refuse拒绝；D. quit停止。由下文“After learning how 11 it was for the villagers of Qituo to 12 proper medical treatment due to thelack of doctors”可知，帅小云家乡缺少医生，当地居民生病了也很难寻求到合适的治疗，故选A。【33题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在了解到基托村民由于缺少医生而难以得到适当的治疗之后，帅小云想用她 的医术帮助这个她从小长大的地方。A. hung out闲逛；B. called at拜访；C.grew up长大；D. escaped from 逃脱。由上文 “ she eventually decided to 9 to Apengjiang she missed day and night and 10 asmall shop in her hometownn可知，帅小云回到了她从小长大的家乡，故选C。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她将自己的想法付诸实践，成为393户963名村民的妇幼保健工作者。A. theories 理论；B. thoughts 思想；C. promises 承诺；D. assumptions 假设。由上文 uShuai wanted to help the place where she 14 with her medical expertise,和下文 “she became a maternal and child health careworker （妇幼保健工作者）for all 963 villagers in 393 households.v可知，帅小云想要帮助家乡的村民，于是 将自己的想法付诸实践，成为了一名妇幼保健工作者，故选B。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的热情和专业赢得了村民的心，他们把她当作自己的亲生女儿和妹妹。A. broke 打破;B. opened 打开；C. followed 跟随；D. won 赢得。由下文 uthe hearts of the villagers with her enthusiasm and professionalism and they 16 her as their own daughter and sister.n可知， 村民把帅小云 当做家人，这是因为她的热情和专业赢得了村民的心。故选D。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的热情和专业赢得了村民的心，他们把她当作自己的亲生女儿和妹妹。A. missed 错过；B. educated 教育；C. raised 提高;D. considered 考虑;视为。由下文 “her as their owe daughter and sister.v可知，村民把帅小云视为亲生女儿和妹妹,consideras是固定搭配，意为“把视为”，故选D。【37题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：帅小云每次详细地询问病人的病情时都很耐心。A. patient耐心的；B. direct 直接的；C. nervous 紧张的；D. proud 骄傲的。由下文 every time asking about illnesses in detail 可知， 帅小云对待病人很耐心，故选A。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：基托村的一个村民，张玉贵说，“我们都非常爱她，把她当亲戚一样对待。“ A. graduate 毕业生;B. visitor 参观者；C. relative 亲戚；D. customer 顾客。由上文 “We all love her very much and treat herlike a”可知，村民很爱帅小云，把她当做亲戚，故选C。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我们之间有一种联系，”帅小云说，“只要有需要，我会继续工作并给村 民提供治疗。"A.date日期；B. deal交易；C.barrier障碍；D. bond联系。由上文“We are not family by blood but we are as close as a family "可知，帅小云和村民就像是一家人,所以说他们之间有一种联系，故 选D。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我们之间有一种联系，”帅小云说，“只要有需要，我会继续工作并给村 民提供治疗。" A. avoided避免；B. shown表现；C.satisfied使满意；D. accepted接受。由上文“I will continue working and provide treatments whenever a need isv可知，帅小云说，只要村民表现出需求，她就 会为人们提供帮助，故选B。第二节语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。A 19-meter sperm whale has been rescued from the shores of Xiangshan county in Ningbo, Zhejiang province on Wednesday, after 41(become) beached during low tide.The stranded whale was first noticed by fishermen who put in calls to local authorities42(draw) their attention to the plight of the great mammal. A 200-person rescue team was assemb