陕西省渭南市华阴市2021~2022学年高一下学期期末质量检测英语Word版含解析.docx

华阴市20212022学年度高一年级第二学期期末质量检测英语试题注意事项: 1.本试卷共10页，全卷满分150分，答题时间为120分钟；2 .答卷前，考生须准确填写自己的姓名、学校、准考证号，并认真核准条形码上的姓名、学 校、准考证号；3 .本试卷由选择题和非选择题两大部分组成。选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂，非选择题必须 使用05毫米黑色墨水签字笔书写，涂写要工整、清晰；4 .考试结束后，监考员将答题卡按顺序收回，装袋整理；试题卷不回收。第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题，每小题L 5分，满分7. 5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅 读一遍。1. Whafs the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Waitress and customer. B. Husband and wife. C. Friends.2. Why did the woman get a traffic ticket?A. She drove too fast.B. She parked in the wrong place.C. She made a wrong turn.3. What will the woman do tomorrow morning?A. Go to sleep. B. Answer an email. C. Have a picnic.4. Where is the post office?A. On High Street. B. On Victoria Road. C. On Park Road.5. How much does a camera cost today?A. $ 150. B. S 350.C. $ 300.第二节（共15小题，每小题L 5分，满分22. 5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项 中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完 后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。C. More trees are cut in the richest country.D. Bioenergy can cause more climate problems.15. What does the text mainly talk about?A. Developing farmland as much as possible.B. Planting trees to prevent global warming.C. Using bioenergy to reduce environmental pollution.D. Protecting present resources instead of developing new ones.【答案】12.C13. A 14. B 15. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一份泄露的政府间气候变化专门委员会草案报告称，全球 数百万平方公里的树木种植和生物能源作物的广泛使用可能会对粮食安全和土地退化造成潜在的严重后 果，并展开了相关讨论。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段第一句"A leaked IPCC draft reports, "Widespread use across millions of square kilometers globally of tree-planting and bioenergy crops could have potentially serious consequences for food security and land degradation （退化”'（一份泄露的政府间气候变化专门委员会草案报告称，“全球数百万 平方公里的树木种植和生物能源作物的广泛使用可能会对粮食安全和土地退化造成潜在的严重后果"）” 可知，IPCC对广泛种植的态度是不同意的。故选C项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段第一句 uEveryone knows that to help ease the increasing climate crisis, we need to plant new trees.（每个人都知道，为了帮助缓解日益严重的气候危机，我们需要种植新的树木）”和最后 一句"It would be a serious help to the environment.（这将对环境大有裨益）”可知，第二段是在介绍植树造 林的好处，再结合第三段最后一句 "Should we use our spare soil for agriculture, reforestation or bioenergy?（我们应该把多余的土壤用于农业、植树造林还是开发生物能源）”可知，本段是为了补充一些 新的背景信息，方便下文展开讨论。故选A项。【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据文章第二段第二句"If we consider that increasing desertification and rising ocean levels will take away more arable （可耕种的）land, we arrive at a crucial "trilemma"（三难困境）.Should we use our spare soil for agriculture, reforestation or bioenergy?（如果我们考虑到不断加剧的沙漠化和不断上升的海平面 将带走更多的可耕地，我们就陷入了一个至关重要的“三难困境”。我们应该把多余的土壤用于农业、 植树造林还是开发生物能源）”可推知，这并不完全是个好消息，是因为没有更多的土地可以用于生物能 源。故选B项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段最后几句 "Wouldn't it be better to start by stopping deforestation altogether? Animal farming takes up 77 percent of the world's arable land and provides us with 18 percent of the calories. Shouldn't we cut back on global meat consumption? Modem bioenergy is already available. Shouldn't we get rid of first-generation biofuels, which are produced from food crops?（从停止砍伐森林开始不是更好吗？畜牧业占 世界可耕地的77%,为我们提供了 18%的卡路里。我们不应该减少全球肉类消费吗？现代生物能源已经 存在。难道我们不应该摆脱由粮食作物生产的第一代生物燃料吗）”可知，本文主要是告诉我们要保护现 有资源，而不是开发新资源。故选D项。第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。The Fallas Festival in SpainIt is sometimes strange how world-famous festivals are started This is especially true with the FallasFestival. 16.Centuries ago, the city's carpenters would empty their houses of all the old wood they had saved over the winter and bum it all in the local square. Over time, the carpenters began to use their old wood to carve different images. Sometimes they would create funny images of famous people. 17, and everything would be burnt.The Fallas Festival is now one of the most popular festivals in Spain. 18 Today, 350 communitiesthat make up Valencia work together to design and make two sculptures. These larger-than- life sculptures, often several meters high, are still made of wood, but also include cardboard. On the 15th of March, the sculptures are paraded around the city.A competition is run where the best sculptures are chosen. These will not be burnt at the end of the festival.19 , which is open throughout the year. During the festival, there are lots of different community activities.Every activity ends with fireworks being let off during both the day and night.20 . On the final night, all the sculptures are collected and put on a bonfire（大火堆）in the mainValencia square. The fire is lit and all the year's hard work comes to an end in towers of flames. Everyone watching says goodbye to winter and welcome to spring.A. The Fallas Festival is an exceptionB. Everyone would participate in carvingC. Tt takes place every March in Valencia of SpainD. They are instead, saved and placed in the local museumE. It also attracts people from the world to watch and take partF. Everyone would come to take a lookG. The Fallas Festival always brings communities together【答案】16.C17. F 18. E 19. D 20. G【解析】【导语这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了西班牙的法雅节以及节日内容。【16题详解】上文 “It is sometimes strange how world-famous festivals are started. This is especially true with the Fallas Festival.（世界著名的节日是如何开始的，这有时候很奇怪，尤其是法雅节）”提到像法雅节这种世界著名 的节日是如何开始的，有时候令人很奇怪，由此可知，空处应该承接上文，具体介绍法雅节，C项“It takes place every March in Valencia of Spain（它每年三月在西班牙瓦伦西亚举行）”符合，介绍了法雅节每年 的举行时间和地点,it代指上文的“the Fallas Festival”，故选C。【17题详解】上文 u Sometimes they would create funny images of famous people.（有时他们会创造出名人的滑稽形象。）” 提到木匠有时候会创造出名人滑稽的形象，空处应该承接上文，指出这吸引人们来观看，F项“Everyone would come to take a look（每个人都会来看看）”符合，故选F。【18题详解】上文 “The Fallas Festival is now one of the most popular festivals in Spain（法雅节现在是西班牙最受欢迎的节 日之一）”指出法雅节很有名一一是西班牙最受欢迎的节日，空处应该承接上文，继续描述法雅节很有 名，也吸引了来自世界各地的人们来观看和参与，E项“It also attracts people from the world to watch and take part（它也吸引了来自世界各地的人们来观看和参与）”符合，故选E。【19题详解】上文 u A competition is run where the best sculptures are chosen. These will not be burnt at the end of the festival.（比赛是要选出最好 雕塑。这些雕塑不会在节日结束时被烧毁。）”指出会挑选最好的雕塑，而 且这些雕塑在节日结束时不会被烧毁，由此可知，空处应该承接上文，指出如何对待这些雕塑，D项“They are instead, saved and placed in the local museum（相反，它们被保存下来，放在当地的博物馆里）” 符合，故选D。【20题详解】上文 “On the final night, all the sculptures are collected and put on a bonfire（大火堆）in the main Valencia square. The fire is lit and all the year's hard work comes to an end in towers of flames. Everyone watching saysgoodbye to winter and welcome to spring.（最后一晚，所有的雕塑都被收集起来放在巴伦西亚广场的篝火 上。火被点燃了，一年的辛苦工作在火焰的塔中结束了。每个观看的人都向冬天说再见，欢迎春天的到 来。）”指出法雅节最后一晚，人们聚集在一起，向冬天说再见，欢迎春天的到来，由此可知，空处总结 本段，指出法雅节的意义能将人们聚集在一起，G项“The Fallas Festival always brings communities together（法雅节总是把群体聚集在一起）”符合，故选G。第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 完形填空（共20小题，每小题L 5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。“I have cancer,“ Mom said and held me in a tight hug. I could feel her chest shaking as she tried not to21 but failed.For all of my twenty-four years, my mom had been 22, Strength and 23 had always flowedfrom her to me. Now I knew it would have to 24 the other way.Mom didn't stay down fbr long. After the shock of breast cancer, she armed herself with a notebook and a pen and a thousand questions for the 25. She took notes on white blood cell counts and medications（药物）with long names as though she was 26 fbr entrance exams into medical school. "The not-knowing is the 27 J she said.The28 was successful. The chemo（化疗）was the29part. I went with Mom to every chemo30, She rarely complained, though her hair was 31 and her toenails and fingernails fellout one by one. She joked that she could 32 money on nail polish（指甲油）and put it toward thedoctor bills, even though she never wore nail polish. "Cancer can take my 33, my nails, my health andmy very life. But it 34 take my smile,“ Mom said.Mom learned to share her fears with me, and it 35 an even deeper bond（纽带）between us. Yet, Iam certain there were fears she didn't share because she was still protecting me-36 she only sharedwith Dad. Even in the darkest hours, she would just 37 the cancer. Mom always said, "When you lookyour greatest fear in the eye and laugh at it, you 38 some of its power.”Mom was one of the lucky ones. She did 39 her cancer, though not without scars（伤痕）.Fromher, Tve 40 I may not get to choose what I face, but I do get to choose how I face it.21. A.ridB.cryC.askD.slide22. A.obviousB.religiousC.honestD.supportive23. A.balanceB.awardC.protectionD.comment24.A.flowB.sinkC.flyD.stay25.A.artistsB.librariansC.doctorsD.engineers26.A.studyingB.buildingC.gainingD.losing27.A.dearestB.worstC.puristD.fastest28.A.educationB.actionC.operationD.celebration29.A.smallerB.strangerC.quieterD.harder30.A.exerciseB.treatmentC.exhibitionD.interview31.A.longB.blackC.untidyD.gone32.A.earnB.wasteC.spendD.save33.A.hairB.notebookC.hatD.pen34.A.needn'tB.can'tC.shouldn'tD.mustn't35.A.judgedB.expectedC.pressedD.formed36.A.pleasuresB.worriesC.treasuresD.hobbies37.A.joke aboutB.break downC.take offD.focus on38.A.pick outB.star inC.take awayD.carry on39.A.observeB.showC.beatD.draft40.A.refusedB.accountedC.gatheredD.learned【答案】2LB22. D 23. C 24. A 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. B 31.D 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. D 36. B 37. A 38. C 39. C 40. D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述作者母亲与癌症斗争过程保持积极乐观的态度，并对作者产生重大影响的故事。21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我能感觉到她的胸部在颤抖，她试图不哭，但还是没忍住。A. rid摆脱；B.cry 哭；C. ask 问；D. slide 滑行。根据文章第一段“"I have cancer,v Mom said and held me in a tight hug."（“我得了癌症。”妈妈说着紧紧地抱住了我。）可知作者妈妈是伤心的想哭，虽她试图忍住不哭， 但还是没忍住哭了起来。故选B项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在我的整个二十四年里，妈妈一直支持我。A. obvious明显的；B. religious 虔诚的；C. honest 诚实的；D. supportive 支持的。根据下文 u Strength and _ had always flowed from her tome.”可知，力量总是在流向作者，这股力量就是这么年来母亲给予作者的支持和关爱。故选D项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：力量和保护总是从她身上流向我。A. balance平衡；B.award给予；C.protection 保护；D. comment 评论。由文章第一段 “I have cancer," Mom said and held me in a tighthug.（“我得了癌症。”妈妈说着紧紧地抱住了我。）可知即使母亲患病，母亲也怕作者害怕，紧紧抱住了 作者，这是在用母亲自己微弱的力量来保护作者。故选C项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在我知道它必须以另一种方式流动。A. flow流动；B. sink下沉；Cfly飞； D. stay逗留。由上文uStrength and had always flowed from her to me.v可知力量之前是流向她的，现在要以另一种方式流动了。故选A项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：因乳腺癌而休克后，她自己准备了笔记本和笔，准备了一千个问题问医生。A. artists 艺术家；B. librarians 图书管理员；C. doctors 医生；D. engineers 工程师。根据上文 “After the shock of breast cancer,可知她因为生病而休克，醒来肯定面对的是医生，准备很多问题问医生。故选C 项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她记下了白细胞计数和有很长名字的药物就像她正在为医学院的入学考试而 学习一样。A. studying 学习;B. building 建造;C. gaining 获得;D. losing 失去。由下文 “entrance exams into medical school."可知她当时很认真记下这些东西，就像是正在为考试而学习一样，故选A项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“不知道是最糟糕的，”她说。A. dearest最亲爱的；B.worst最糟糕的；C. purist纯粹主义者；D. fastest更快的。由上文可知，她很认真记下了白细胞计数和有很长名字的药物是为 了知道更多，推知她觉得可能懂得越多越好，什么都不知道最糟糕。故选B项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：手术很成功。A. education教育；B. action行动；C. operation手术；D.celebration庆祝。由下文“The chemo（化疗）was thepart.v可知提到了化疗是部分治疗，在这之前应该是经历了手术。故选C项。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：化疗是更难的部分。A. smaller更小的；B. stranger更奇怪的；C.quieter更 安静的；D. harder 更困难的。根据下文 “She rarely complained, though her hair was and her toenailsand fingernails fell out one by one.”可知她的脚趾甲和指甲一个个掉了，说明她很痛苦，过程很艰难，所 以说化疗是更艰难的部分。故选D项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每次治疗我都和妈妈一起去。A. exercise锻炼；B. treatment治疗；C.exhibition 表演； D. interview 采访。 由下文“ She rarely complained, though her hair was and her toenailsand fingernails fell out one by one."可知她的脚趾甲和指甲一个个掉了，这是治疗过程中导致的，承接了 上文，说明上文讲的是作者陪她妈妈去治疗。故选B项。31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她很少抱怨，尽管头发没了，脚趾甲和指甲一个个掉了。A. long长的；B. black 黑色的；C. untidy 不整洁的；D. gone 不在的。由下文 “and her toenails and fingernails fell out one by one”可知，化疗使她的脚趾甲和指甲一个个掉了，头发也没有了。故选D项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她开玩笑说她能省下买指甲油的钱来支付医生的帐单，尽管她从不涂指甲油。A. earn挣得；B. waste浪费；C.spend花费；D. save节省。根据上文可知她的指甲都掉了，不能涂指 甲油，原本她也不涂指甲油，她抱有乐观的态度，打趣说连买指甲油的钱都省了，省下的钱就买医生的 账单吧。故选D项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“癌症可以夺走我的头发、指甲、健康，甚至生命。但它不能带走我的微笑，"妈妈说。A.hair 头发；B. notebook 笔记本；C. hat 帽子；D. pen 笔。由上文 “though her hair was and her toenails and fingernails fell out one by one.可知她的头发、指甲都是因为癌症而没有的。故选A项。【34题详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：“癌症可以夺走我的头发、指甲、健康，甚至生命。但它不能带走我的 微笑，”妈妈说。A. needn't不必;B.can't不能；C. shouldn't不该;D.mustn't不许。由上文可知癌症夺 走了她的头发、指甲、健康，但是她仍然很乐观，说出连买指甲油的钱都省了这样打趣的话，说明癌症 不能夺走她的微笑。故选B项。35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：妈妈学会了和我分享她的恐惧，这让我们形成了更深的纽带。A.judged判 断；B. expected 期待；C. pressed 按压；D. formed 形成。由下文 “an even deeper bond（纽带）between us” 可知，母亲通过和作者分享恐惧，与作者建立更紧密的联系，form a deeper bond为固定搭配，译为“与建立更紧密的联系”，故选D项。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是我确信她没有分享她的恐惧，因为她仍然在保护我一一她只和爸爸分享 的担忧。A. pleasures 高兴；B. worries 担忧；C. treasures 财富；D. hobbies 爱好。由上文 “Yet, I am certain there were fears she didn't share because she was still protecting me” 可知，作者觉得母亲没有真正和她分享 恐惧，她觉得在保护她。在这种境遇下，她母亲自己肯定有很多担忧和恐惧，不会有心情去分享其他选 项所述高兴、爱好、财富，所以她和父亲分享的是担忧。故选B项。【37题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：即使在最黑暗的时刻，她也会拿癌症开玩笑。A.jokeabout拿开玩 笑；B. break down 分解；C. takeoff 起飞、离开；D. focus on 专注于。根据下文 “Mom always said,“When you look your greatest fear in the eye and laugh at it,”（妈妈总是说，当你看着自己最大的恐惧并且 嘲笑它的时候）可知，作者母亲就是在拿她当前最大的恐惧癌症来开玩笑的作为例子讲述给作者听的。故 选A项。【38题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当你直视自己最大的恐惧，嘲笑它时.，你就夺走了它的一些力量。A. pick out 挑选；B. star in 主演；C. take away 拿走；D.carry on 继续。由上文“When you look your greatest fear in the eye and laugh at it”可知，作者母亲告诉作者直视自己最大的恐惧，嘲笑它时，就能使自己的恐 惧减少，即夺走一些它的力量，故选C项。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：妈妈是幸运儿之一，她的确战胜了癌症，虽然她身上有疤痕。A. observe注意 到；B.show展示；C. beat打败；D.draft草拟。根据上文“Mom was one of the lucky ones”可知作者母亲 是幸运的，说明她最终打败了癌症。故选C项。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：从她身上，我学到了我可能无法选择面对什么，但我可以选择如何面对。A.refused 拒绝；B.accoun 认为；C. gathered 收集；D.learned 学习。由下文 “I may not get to choose what I face, but I do get to choose how I face it."可知，作者从母亲身上学到的东西是，她可能无法选择面对什 么，但她可以选择如何面对。故选D项。第二节语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。“China will become much 41（strong） from the novel coronavirus（新型冠状病毒）challenge,”experts said at a conference on Tuesday, while praising China's efforts to stop the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic（传染病）.42 （speak） at the conference titled "Battling Coronavirus”, Sumit Mullick, chief information commissioner of India's southwestern state of Maharashtra, said that China had created a new criterion in solving a health issue by quarantining(隔离)Wuhan, the city of the virus outbreak.“The coronavirus does not understand or respect borders. It does not need 43 visa or passport?9 Mullick said, "Challenges are 44 (true) in global in nature. However, Chinese labs have quickly decoded the coronavirus and shared it with the world,45are now working on a new vaccine.R. N. Bhaskar, a senior 46 (journal) and consulting editor with Indian English newspaper Free Press Journal, said that China was doing all it could47(contain) the spread of the virus and create avaccine."Although there is a negative impact 48 the Chinese economy for the moment, China will overcome this crisis and become stronger with the swift responses to the virus outbreak,he added.Heal