陕西省榆林市第一中学2021-2022学年高一下学期期末考试英语 Word版含解析.docx

20212022学年度榆林市第一中学高一年级下学期期末考试英语试卷第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅 读一遍。1 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What should the woman do first?A. Find the fruit shop.B. Go to the traffic lights.C. Walk for two blocks.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W: Excuse me, could you tell me where is the Region Hospital?M: See the traffic lights over there? Then turn right and pass by a fruit shop, and go straight for nearly two blocks.Then you can find it.2 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What is the man doing now?A. Booking film tickets.B. Sitting in the cinema.C. Asking for his tickets back.【答案】A【解析】原文M: Shall I book two tickets at the back? Nomadland, at 8:00 in the evening.W: Sorry. All the tickets are booked out. You can book tickets for tomorrow.3 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Why does the man refuse to go to the gym?A. He will fly to the US.B. He will book a hotel.C. He will meet his friend.【答案】B【解析】原文】W: Would you like to work out in the gym with me today?M: Sorry. A friend from the US is coming to visit me this weekend. Tin going to book a hotel fbr him today.4 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What are the speakers mainly talking about?30. How's the work fbr building the Taj Mahal?A. It's a huge project.B. It's an interesting project.C. It's a livelihood project.D. It's a money saving project.31. What made the emperor stop building an identical tomb fbr himself?A. His sudden illness.B. His lack of money.C. His people's idea.D. His son's fight against him.【答案】28. B 29. C 30. A 31. D【解析】【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，介绍了泰姬陵的由来及背后的故事。28题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段 “Three hundred years ago, there lived an Indian emperor called Shah Jahan. His wife was a beautiful and bright woman whom he loved greatly. Her title was Mumtazl Mahal: its shortened form Taj Mahal, means 'pride of the palace"（三百年前，有一位印度皇帝叫沙贾汗。他的妻子是一个美丽聪明 的女人，他深爱着她。她的头衔是Mumtazl Mahal：缩写为TajMahal,意思是“宫殿的骄傲”。）可知， Mumtazl Mahal 是 Shah Jahan 的妻子。故选 B 项。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段 “He decided, out of his love for his wife, to build her the most beautiful tomb that had ever been seen."（出于对妻子的爱，他决定为她建造一座前所未见的最美丽的坟墓。）及下一段 描写建造泰姬陵的过程可推知，皇帝的妻子去世后，他想要纪念自己的妻子，因此修建了泰姬陵。故选 C项。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段 “h took more （han twenty thousand men working over a period of 18 years to build the Taj Mahak one of the most beautiful buildings in （he world.w（泰姬陵是世界 I：最美丽的建筑之'» 2 万多人花了 18 年的时间建造而成。）及第三段 “The building itself stands on a marble platform 29 metres square and 6-7 metres high. Towers rise from each of the four corners. The Taj itself soars another 61 metres into the air. It is an eight-sided building made of white marble.M （建筑本身矗立在一个 29 平方米、6-7 米高的大 理石平台上。四个角各有一座塔。泰姬陵本身又上升了 61米。它是一座由白色大理石建成的八面建 筑。）可推知，泰姬陵的建造工作是一个巨大的项目。故选A项。31题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段 “ However, his son put him into a prison in the palace before he could finish, and for the rest of his life, he could only gaze across river at the tomb of his beloved wife."（然而, 还没等他 完成建设，他的儿子就把他关进/宫殿的监狱，从此以后，他只能隔着河望着他心爱的妻子的坟墓。)可 知，皇帝停止建造一个一一模一样的宫殿是由于他的儿子与他进行对抗。故选D项。DExtreme athletes have been using wingsuits to fly freely for many years. While the “birdman” allows these brave people to fly in the sky, the pull of gravity makes it impossible to speed up or fly higher. To push past the limitations, Austrian stuntman (特技演员)Peter Salzmann teamed up with German car manufacturer BMW. The result is an electrified wingsuit, which allows flyers to fly to higher altitudes at a speed of up to 186 miles per hour.The 33-year-old professional wingsuit pilot first thought of creating the revolutionary design in 2017. “At the time, I was developing suits for skydiving with a friend,M he explains. t4Onc evening after a day of testing, we threw out lots of ideas about how we could improve performance. One of them was a supporting motor, and it's an idea I just couldn't shake. I found the idea of being able to jump from my local mountain wearing the wingsuils.”Salzmann reached out to the experts. Il took (he team three years and a large number of tests to perfect the design. The result was that a more advanced wingsuit was created. The wingsuit is powered by the battery and is controlled by using a switch. It can even be stopped mid-flight using the emergency button, if the flyer comes across an airplane or a flock of birds.On November 6, 2020, Salzmann, wearing his hi-tcch suit, jumped from a helicopter from an altitude of IO,()(X) feet to fly around the mountain peaks. After flying with two experienced flyers in conventional wingsuits for a few seconds, the expert pilot turned on the electric motors and flew forward the highest peaks. Without (he extra power to propel (推动)them, his teammates were forced to fly around the mountain top.It is unclear if Salzmann and BMW plan to make the electrified wingsuits available to the general public. For now. however, the flight video appears to intend to show the technology in BMW's latest electric car offering. 32. How did Peter Salzmann fly higher?A. By wearing wingsuits.B. By pushing gravity.C. By using electrified wingsuits.D. By increasing his speed.33. What should be done to avoid the barriers?A. To turn off the switch.B. To press the emergency button. C. To control the direction.D. To provide power for the battery.34. What is the flight video intended to do?A. Show the technology in BMW's electric cars.B. Encourage people to fall in love with flying.C. Introduce the necessity to produce wingsuits.D. Let the general public learn about the technology.35. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Stuntman Realized His Great Dream at LastB. Stuntman Puts World's First Electric Wingsuit to TestC. BMW Will Show Its Latest Electric Car in the Near FutureD. Wingsuits Can Make People Fly Higher and Faster【答案】32. C 33. B 34. A 35. B【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了奥地利特技演员彼得萨尔兹曼试用电气化翼服飞行的事情。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句"The result is an electrified wingsuit, which allows flyers to fly to higher altitudes at a speed of up to 186 miles per hour. "（其结果是一种电气化的翼服，使飞行员能够以高达每小时 186英里的速度飞到更高的高度。）可知，彼得萨尔兹曼使用电气化翼服飞得更高。故选C。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句"It can even be stopped mid-flight using the emergency button, if the flyer comes across an airplane or a flock of birds. "（如果飞行员遇到匕机或一群鸟，甚至可以在飞行途中使用紧 急按钮停止飞行。）可知，按下紧急按钮可以避开障碍物。故选B。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句 " For now, however, the flight video appears to intend to show the technology in BMWk laiesieleclric car offering."（然而，就目前而言，飞行视频似乎打算在宝马最新的电动 汽车产品中展示这项技术。）可知，飞行视频旨在在宝马最新的电动汽车产品中展示这项技术。故选A。【35题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段最后两句 "To push past the limitations, Austrian stuntman Peter Salzmann teamed up with German car manufacturer BMW. The result is an elecirified wingsuit, which allows 11 yers to fly to higher altitudes at a speed of up to 186 miles per hour.”（为了克服这些限制,奥地利特技演员彼得萨尔兹曼与德国 汽车制造商宝马合作。其结果是一种电气化的翼服，使飞行员能够以高达每小时186英里的速度飞到更 高的盲度。）可知，文章主要是讲奥地利特技演员彼得萨尔兹曼试用电气化翼服飞行的事情。故选B。 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。There are many people out there who want to be “part of the crowd''. If you want to be the leader and stand out from the crowd instead, then this article is for you. 36Know you're unique.For starters, know that you're already diflerent from everyone on the planet. 37 But all of us have a unique set of experiences and characteristics that spell out a different reality from everyone else on Earth. No one else has the same brain you do, the same thoughts you do, and the same reactions as you do. You're different by just being human.Try new things.Wc arc naturally raised as part of a group. 38 These things arc good-they can open us up to things we're not even aware of, but il's also important to try things that are brand new to you that other people haven't already accepted. How else will you find out what you like and do not like?39This is a way to act differently toward people than they expect. One way to be certainly be different is to be friendly to everyone. I low many people do you know that are friendly to literally “everyone"? Probably not many. It's hard work! Wc all end up judging those around us and drawing certain types of people. Instead, be friendly toward those you may not feel friendly toward.Know the world works in opposites.So many people are trying to be different. It results in them all being (he same! Being quiet may mean ihal when you talk, people hear you louder. When you're not trying to attract that boy or girl, they become attracted to you. 40A. Shake hands with your enemies.B. Sure, some people arc more different than others.C. So trying to be different may not get you anywhere.D. Il's a wonderful feeling when you know that you are unique.E. If you don't know who you are,that process can seem a bit scary.F. There will be times when an entire room is thinking something, but no one says it.G. Therefore, we're constantly being got to things that others have already recognized.【答案】36. D 37. B 38. G 39. A 40. C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍如何使自己成为独一无二的人。【36题详解】空格前说“If you want to be the leader and stand out from the crowd instead, then this article is for you.（如果你 想成为领导者，从人群中脱颖而出，那么这篇文章就是为你准备的）”可知，此处讲述如何让自己脱颖而 出，成为独特的人。D 选项 “It's a wonderful feeling when you know that you are unique.（当你知道自己是独 一无二的时候，那是一种美妙的感觉）”中的“you are unique（你是独一无二的）”和空前的“standout”相 呼应，说明了知道自己独一无二之后的感觉，因此承接上文，符合语境。故选D。37题详解】空格前说“ For starters, know that you're already difTerent from everyone on ihe plane”首先，要知道你已经和 这个星球上的每个人都不一样了）”可知，此处要讲述人和人之间是不同的。B选项“Sure, some people are more different than olhers.（当然，有些人比其他人更不同）”承接上文，点明了每个人是不一样的，因此 符合语境，故选Bo【38题详解】空格前说“We arc naturally raised as part of a group.（我们自然是作为群体的一部分被抚养长大的）”，空格 后说 u These things are good-they can open us up to things we're not even aware of but it's also important to try tilings that are brand new to you that other people haverTt already accepted.（这些东西都是好的它们可以让我们接触到我们甚至没有意识到的东西，但尝试那些对你来说是全新的、其他人还没有接受的东西也是 很重要的）”，因此空格处说明我们会从群体中接触到一些东西。G选项“Therefore, we're constantly being got to things that others have already recognized.（因此,我们不断接触到别人已经认识到的东西）”中的*things that others have already recognizedn和空后的 “things wc'rc not even aware of”相呼应，说明了我 们会在群体中接触到别人已经认识到的东西，故选Go【39题详解】空格处是本段的小标题，由空格下方的 “One way to be certainly be differenl is to be friendly to everyone.（与 众不同的-种方式就是对每个人都友好）”可知，本段主要讲的是要对人友好。A选项“Shake hands with your enemies.（和你的敌人握手）”说明了要对人友好这个主题，可作为小标题，故选A。【40题详解】空格前说"So many people arc trying to be different. It results in them all being the same! Being quiet may mean that when you talk, people hear you louder. When you're not trying to attract that boy or girl, they become aliracledtoyou.（很多人都想与众不同。结果它们都是一样的!保持安静可能意味着当你说话时，人们听到 的声音更大。当你不试图吸引那个男孩或女孩时，他们就会被你吸引）”，因此空格处应说明与众不同可 能并不会给你带来什么收获。C选项“So trying to be different may nol get you anywhere.（所以，尝试与众 不同可能不会让你有任何收获)”承接上文，说明了尝试与众不同并不会给你带来什么好处或收获，因此 符合语境。故选C。第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分) 第一节 (共20小题；每小题L5分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最 佳选项。For decades, a billionaire Ray Dalio has communicated with some of the most successful people in the world. Along the way, he's 41 a thing or two-including a habit that the "who's who” are just better at than the 42 person.“43 J Dalio tells CNBC Make ，“the most successful people arc really much better at knowingtheir 44 In fact Dalio believes if you don't know your weaknesses, you can'l 45 them. 4tSo how do you 46 out your weaknesses?”Dalio says daily feedback from those around you, like your boss and colleagues, is a good first 47.You can also notice patterns in the 48 you make. And while most people have several weaknesses, it's important to find your “one big 49 which is the weakness that is the biggest 50 to getting what you want. Dalio writes his weaknesses down and 51 them where he can see them every day so he is 52 of what he needs to work on.Once you find out your big weakness, talk (o others about it to 53 more information and find ways to turn it into a(n) 54. An easy approach is to find people who are more 55 in that area,whether that's a colleague, a coach or a friend. *4You don't have to know 56 Dalio says.tkYou just need to work with people who are 57 where you are weak.”Since Dalio, who turned 72 years old on Sunday, 58 down as co-CEO of Bridgewater Associates in 2017, he says he has been focused on helping others 59 through Principles, a people management software 6() he founded.41. A. learnedB. judgedC.changedD. dropped42. A. strangeB. friendlyC. commonD. wise43. A. GenerallyB. EventuallyC. OriginallyD. Obviously44. A. methodsB. weaknessesC. directionsD. fields45. A. get aroundB. depend onC. look intoD. show up46. A. putB. leaveC. gelD. figure47. A. timeB. dutyC. moveD. sight48. A. facesB. mistakesC. noisesD. fortunes49. A. dreamB. challengeC. wishD. regret50. A. chanceB. helpC. goalD. barrier51. A. hidesB. storesC. postsD. records52. A. informedB. warnedC. remindedD. convinced53. A. spreadB. collectC. eraseD. correct54. A. advantageB. styleC. wayD. invention55. A. expertB. interestedC. buriedD. active56. A. somethingB. everythingC. anythingD. nothing57. A. tallB. positive.C. strongD. humorous58. A. brokeB. handedC. steppedD. got59. A. designB. manageC. sellD.succeed60. A. websiteB. instituteC. unionD. company【答案】41.A 42. C43. A 44. B45. A46. D 47. C48. B 49. B 50. D 5iC 52. C 53. B54. A 55. A56. B57. C 58. C59. D 60. D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了几十年来，亿万富翁雷戴利契一直与世界上一些最成功的人 打交道。在这个过程中，他学会了如何发现自己的缺点并努力克服。他不但自己这么做，而且还专注于 通过自己创立的人事管理软件公司帮助其他人取得成功。41题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一路上，他学到了一两件事，包括一个习惯，就是“成功人士”比普通人更 擅长。A. learned 学习；B. judged 判断；C. changed 改变；D. dropped F降。根据上文 “For decades, a billionaire Ray Dal io has communicated with some of the most successful people in the world.n可知， 几十年 来，亿万富翁投资者雷戴利奥一直与世界上一些最成功的人打交道。在这个过程中，他学会了一两件 事。故选Ao【42题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一路上，他学到了一两件事，包括一个习惯，就是“成功人士”比普通人 更擅长。A. strange奇怪的；B. friendly友好的；C. common普通的；D. wise明智的。根据上文“For decades, a billionaire Ray Dal io has communicated with some of the most successful people in the world.” 以及 下文” (he most successful people are really much better at knowing (heir 4.”可知，这么多年来他学会了一两件事一包括一个习惯，就是“成功人士”比普通人更擅长一些东西。故选C。考查副词词义辨析。句意：“一般来说，”戴利奥告诉CNBC Make II, “最成功的人真的更善于了解自 己的弱点。" A. Generally 一般来说；B. Eventually 最终地；C. Originally 最初地；D. Obviously 明显地。根据下文“ihe most successful people are really much better at knowing their 4M可知，戴利奥接续 上文的阐述，告诉CNBC Make It, 一般来说，最成功的人确实更善于了解自身的弱点。故选A。【44题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“一般来说，”戴利奥告诉CNBC Make It, “最成功的人真的更善于了解自 己的弱点。“A. methods 方法;B. weaknesses 弱点;C. directions 方向；D. fields 领域。根据下文“In fact Dalio believes if you don't know your weaknesses v可知，戴利奥告诉 CNBC Make It,最成功的人确实更 善于了解自己的弱点。故选B。【45题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：事实上，戴利奥相信，如果你不知道自己的弱点，你就无法摆脱它们。A. get around 避开；B. depend on 依赖于;C. look into 调查；D. show up 露面。根据上文 “In f