2022-2023学年湖北省武汉市部分重点中学高二上学期期末联考英语试题 解析版.docx

武汉市部分重点中学2022-2023学年度上学期期末联考高二英语试卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题L 5分，满分7. 5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. Why is the man's phone broken?A. The battery died. B. It has water damage. C. He dropped it on the ground.2. What will the speakers probably do next?A. Turn on a fan. B. Leave the office. C. Set off the alarm.3. How many people will be at dinner?A. Two. B. Three. C. Four.4. What kept the woman awake last night?A. The storm. B. The temperature. C. The repairs of the power.5. What are the speakers doing?A. Eating vegetables. B. Picking flowers. C. Shopping fbr fruit.第二节（共15小题，每小题L 5分，满分22. 5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. Why does the woman call?A. To book a table. B. To reschedule an interview. C. To apply fbr a part-time job.7. What will the woman do at 2: 30 this afternoon?A. Attend a class. B. Meet the manager. C. Work in a restaurant.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. What do we know about the girl?A. She is always bored. B. She misses her family. C. She is busy this weekend.B. It is a collection of DNA from all kinds of living things.C. It includes DNA of mammals living 2 million years ago.D. It was first discovered in sediment from northern Greenland.13. How did the scientists identify the result of their research?A. By looking at the data of mastodon.B. By detecting DNA samples at the site.C. By analyzing fossils and pollen records.D. By comparing the newly-found DNA with existing ones.14. What do the underlined words mean in the 7th paragraph?A. broke the limitB. laid a foundationC. raised a new questionD. attracted wide attention15. Which is the best title fbr the passage?A. Northern Greenland faces species extinctionB. Oldest DNA reveals a solution to global warmingC. Northern Greenland faces increasing temperaturesD. Oldest DNA reveals a 2 million-year-old ecosystem【答案】12.B13. D 14. A 15. D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了自然杂志上的一项新研究表明，世界上最古老的DNA序列 显示了如今没有生命的极地地区在200万年前曾经是丰富的植物和动物的家园。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中 “The finding is the work of scientists in Denmark who were able to detect and restore environmental DNA - genetic material drop into the environment by all living organisms（这项发现是丹麦科学 家的工作，他们能够检测和恢复环境DNA遗传物质滴入环境中的所有生物体）”可知，环境DNA是各 种生物DNA的集合。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中 “They then compared the DNA pieces with libraries of DNA collected from both extinct and living animals, plants and microorganisms.（然后，他们将这些DNA片段与从已经灭绝和活着的动 物、植物和微生物中收集的DNA文库进行比较）”可知，科学家们通过比较新发现的DNA和现有的DNA 来确定他们的研究结果的，故选D。【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据上文 “The mix of temperate （温带）and Arctic trees and animals suggested a previously unknown type of ecosystem that has no modern equivalent 一 one that could act as a genetic road map for how different species might adapt to a warmer climate, the researchers found.（研究人员发现，温带和北极的树木和动 物的混合表明了一种以前未知的生态系统类型，这种生态系统没有现代的对应物它可以作为不同物种 如何适应更温暖气候的基因路线图）”可知，研究人员发现了一种以前未知的生态系统类型，结合划线短语 所在句子 “Love Dalen, a professor at the Centre for Palaeogenetics at Stockholm University, said the finding “pushed the envelope" for the field of ancient DNA .（斯德哥尔摩大学古遗传学中心的拉夫达伦教授说，这一 发现“pushed the envelope”古DNA领域）”可知，发现一种以前未知的生态系统类型这是一个突破，即对 占DNA领域来说，是一种突破。由此可知，划线短语"pushed the envelope”与A项ubroke the limit（突破 极限）”意思一样，故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“ A core of ice age sediment （沉积物）from northern Greenland has yielded the world's oldest sequences of DNA. The 2 million-year-old DNA samples revealed the now largely lifeless polar region was once home to rich plant and animal life - including elephant-like mammals known as mastodons （乳齿象），reindeer, hares, lemmings, geese, birch trees and poplars, according to new research published in the journal Nature on Wednesday来自格陵兰岛北部的冰河时期沉积物的核心已经产生了世界上最古老的 DNA序列。周三发表在自然杂志上的一项新研究表明，200万年前的DNA样本显示，如今基本上没有 生命的极地地区曾经是丰富的植物和动物的家园，包括像大象一样的哺乳动物，如乳齿象、驯鹿、野兔、 旅鼠、鹅、桦树和白杨。）”可知，文章主要讲述了自然杂志上的一项新研究表明，世界上最古老的DNA 序列显示了如今没有生命的极地地区在200万年前曾经是丰富的植物和动物的家园。由此可知，D项“最 古老的DNA揭示了一个有两百万年历史的生态系统”适合作文章标题，故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。Wasted-time worryThe idea that time is our most precious resource can bring with it a sense of time-pressure. We are always told “Time is money and time is running out"，so we must manage it well. We take time-management courses, download the latest productivity app and divide our day into blocks, so our time is never wasted.1 6. It tells us we should be doing more with our time or doing something else. We can spend an afternoon regretting for the time we wasted that morning, spoiling hours that would otherwise have been available to us. Sometimes ifs not just the hours we worry about wasting, 7-the countless minutes spent on tiny chores, answering emails, replying to texts, waiting for other people. Often, when we worry about wasting time, we are comparing ourselves to how productive we assume other people are. It makes us feel that everyone is using their time well except ourselves.We need to shift away from trying to maximize our time and reduce our worry about wasting it. We don't have to view every moment we don't spend the way we expected to as a waste. There may be value in those moments too.18. In a society that emphasizes the productive use of time, we can easily forget that time weenjoyed wasting is not wasted time.Then how much should we be working? Researchers say on most days, three to four hours of high-quality, focused mental work is about our maximum. 19.We often encounter empty time, throwing us into boredom, panic or anxiety, or add to our wasted-time worry.20. For example, we can become more comfortable with empty moments rather than rushing tomake the best of every second. We can allow us to pause and think. We can see our commuting time as a chance to let our mind wander rather than checking social media.A. Working beyond that can be a wasteB. Working to maximum is the secret to successC. but the scraps of time that get lost in betweenD. We can simply appreciate the part they played in our lifeE. However, we need some hours in the day to waste as we wishF. We can simply set aside more moments fbr the work of the dayG. Yet in our crazy attempts to account fbr every hour, we fall into wasted-time worry【答案】16.G17. C 18. D 19. A 20. E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人在生活中拥有浪费时间的担忧，但是作者认为这是不必要的。【16题详解】根据后文的 “It tells us we should be doing more with our time or doing something else.（它告诉我们，我们应该 用我们的时间做更多的事情或做其他事情。）”可知，此处强调的是我们总是被告知要充分利用时间，利用 时间去做更多的事情或者其他的事情,故我们深深陷入一种时间焦虑或者时间担忧的情绪中。G选项“Yet in our crazy attempts to account for every hour, we fall into wasted-time worry.（然而，在我们疯狂地试图解释每一 个小时的时候，我们陷入了浪费时间的担忧中。）”与下文的It呼应，符合语境。故选G。【17题详解】根据前文的“Sometimes it's not just the hours we worry about wasting,（有时候，我们担心浪费的不仅仅是时 间，）”可知，此处强调的是有时候，我们担心浪费的不仅仅是时间，后文应该与此构成转折关系，即强调 我们还有其他的担心。C选项“but the scraps of time that get lost in between（但是在这中间丢失的零碎时间）” 与前文构成转折关系，并指出其他的担忧是在一些琐碎的小事中丢失零碎时间，引出下文“the countless minutes spent on tiny chores, answering emails, replying to texts, waiting for other people（无数分钟花在琐碎的琐 事上，回复邮件，回复短信，等待他人）”举例讲在一些琐碎的小事中丢失零碎时间。故选C。【18题详解】根据前文的“We don't have to view every moment we don't spend the way we expected to as a waste. There may be value in those moments too.（我们不必把没有按预期方式度过的每一刻都视为浪费。这些时刻也可能有价 值。）”可知，此处强调我们没有必要把没有按预期方式度过的每一刻都视为浪费，后文应该强调我们可以 承认被浪费时间的价值。D选项“We can simply appreciate the part they played in our life.（我们可以简单地欣 赏它们在我们生命中所扮演的角色。）”承接上文，承认被浪费时间在生命中的价值。故选D。【19题详解】根据前文 u Researchers say on most days, three to four hours of high-quality, focused mental work is about our maximum.（研究人员表示，在大多数日子里，三到四个小时的高质量、专注的脑力劳动是我们的极限。）” 指出，三到四个小时的高质量、专注的脑力劳动是我们的极限。后文对此极限进行探讨。A选项“Working beyond that can be a waste.（超出这个范围工作可能是一种浪费。）”中的that指代前文的three to four hours of high-qualityo 故选 A。【20题详解】根据后文 u For example, we can become more comfortable with empty moments rather than rushing to make the best of every second.（例如，我们可以更适应空虚的时刻，而不是急于充分利用每一秒。）”可知，此处举例 说明我们可以在某些时候虚度光阴，而不是急于充分利用每一秒。E选项"However, we need some hours in the day to waste as we wisho （然而，我们一天中需耍一些时间来随心所欲地浪费。）”强调我们一天中需耍一 些时间来随心所欲地浪费，与下文呼应。故选E。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节 供15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Lionel Messi was bom on June 24, 1987, in Argentina. He was nicknamed "Leo”. He was the third child in a middle-class family who loved football. 21, young Leo developed a passion for football himself.At four years old, Leo joined the Grandoli local club, where he was 22 by his father. Leo practiced day in and day out, 23 outings with his friends before a game. His father continued Leo's 24even though he battled with money and struggled to make the best of his child. Football made Leo happy and 25 him. He began to dream of becoming a professional footballer.His grandmother used to 26 accompany Leo to training sessions as a child. When he was 10, his grandmother passed away. The family was shocked and her 27 affected Messi beyond description. He didn't 28 a football fbr weeks, but his father encouraged him to carry on. He returned, aiming to make his grandmother 29. After every goal, he would point two fingers towards the sky, dedicating the30 to his grandmother.But as he grew older his height remained the same. He was 3j with an inability to grow. Thismeant he 32 being a dwarf unless he received special treatment, which would cost$ 1, 500 per month.Despite all of these 33, Messi remained positive and hopeful. Hard effort paid off. F. C Barcelona hired Messi and signed a (n)34 with him on a napkin.As the seasons went on, the talented football player kept improving and breaking his own records. Now he has 35 his goal of bringing home a world cup and made history.You have to fight to reach your dream. You have to sacrifice and work hard fbr it.-Lionel Messi21. A. Surprisingly22. A. pushed23. A. skipping24. A. intervention25. A. benefited26. A. routinely27. A. company28. A. pick29. A. amazed30. A. victory31. A. infected32. A. ended up33. A. changes34. A. file35. A. pursuedB. PersonallyC. EventuallyD. NaturallyB. coachedC. raisedD. scoldedB. consideringC. blockingD. arrangingB. expectationC. instructionD. motivationB. motivatedC. comfortedD. affectedB. entirelyC. sincerelyD. properlyB. attentionC. presenceD. absenceB. touchC. grabD. tackleB. uniqueC. proudD. sacredB. outcomeC. creditD. wonderB. diagnosedC. surroundedD. associatedB. turned outC. kept upD. stood outB. crisesC. obstaclesD. lossesB. signatureC. initiativeD. contractB. challengedC. achievedD. scored【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. C25. B26. A 27. D 28. B29. C30. A 31.B 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了足球运动员梅西的人生故事。21题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：自然地，年轻的里奥对足球产生了热情。A. Surprisingly令人惊讶地；B. Personally 就个人而言地；C. Eventually 最后；D. Naturally 自然而言地。由上文 uHe was the third child in a middle-class family who loved football.”可知，他的家人热爱足球，自然而然地，他也受到影响，喜欢足球，故选D。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：四岁的时候，里奥加入了 Grandoli地方俱乐部，在那里他的父亲是他的教练。A. pushed 推；B. coached 教导；C. raised 提高；D. scolded 责备。由上文 “where he was” 和下文 “His father continued Leo9s"可知，里奥加入了 Grandoli地方俱乐部，在那里他的父亲教他踢足球，故选B。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：里奥日复一日地练习，在比赛前不去和他的朋友们郊游。A. skipping跳跃；不 做（某事）；B. considering考虑；C. blocking 阻止；D. arranging 安排。由上文 “Leo practiced day in and day out,” 可知，里奥在比赛前不去和他的朋友们郊游，故选A。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的父亲继续指导里奥，即使他与金钱作斗争，他也努力使他的孩子发挥出最 好的一面。A. intervention 发明；B. expectation 期望；C. instruction 指导；D. motivation 动机。由上文“At four years old, Leo joined the Grandoli local club, where he was 2 by his father.v可知，此处指他的父亲继续指导他踢足球，故选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：足球让里奥很开心，也激励了他。A. benefited使受益；B.motivated激励；C. comforted 安慰；D. affected 影响。由下文 “He began to dream of becoming a professional footballer.n可知， 里奥开始梦想成为一名职业足球运动员，这说明足球激励了他。故选B。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：小时候，他的祖母经常陪伴他参加训练课程。'routinely例行公事地；惯常地； 通常地;B. entirely 整个地；完全地;C. sincerely 真诚地;D. properly 合适地。由下文 uaccompany Leo to training sessions as a child.v可知，他的祖母过去通常都陪他去训练，故选A。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：全家人都很震惊，她不在了，对梅西的影响无法形容。A. company公司；B. attention 注意力；C. presence 出席；D. absence 缺席；不在。由上文“When he was 10, his grandmother passed away.” 可知，祖母去世了，所以不在了，故选D。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他好几个星期都没有碰足球，但他的父亲鼓励他继续下去。A. pick挑选；B. touch 触摸；碰;C. grab 抓住；D. tackle 处理。由下文 “a football for weeks, but his father encouraged him to carry on.” 和上文提到的祖母去世对梅西影响很大可知，祖母去世后，他好几个星期都没有碰球，故选B。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他回来了，目的是为了让他的祖母感到骄傲。A. amazed惊讶的；B. unique独 一无二的；C. proud 骄傲的；D. sacred 害怕的。由上文 “He returned, aiming to make his grandmother” 和上 文提到祖母对梅西影响很大可知，在祖母去世后他好几个星期都没有碰球，但如今他回来了，开始踢足球， 目的是为了让祖母骄傲，故选C。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每次进球后，他都会指着天空，把胜利献给他的祖母。A. victory胜利；B. outcome 结果；C. credit 信用；D. wonder 好奇。由上文 “After every goal, he would point two fingers towards the sky” 可知，进球即胜利的意思，此处指每次进球后，他都会指着天空，把胜利献给他的祖母，故选A。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他被诊断为无法成长。A. infected感染；B. diagnosed诊断；C. surrounded围绕； D. associated联系。由下文"with an inability to grow可知，他被诊断为无法成长，故选B。【32题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：这意味着除非他得到每月1500美元的特殊治疗，否则他最终会变成一个侏 儒。A. ended up 结束；B. turned out 结果是；C. kept up 保持；继续；D. stood out 突出。由下文 ubeing a dwarf unless he received special treatment, which would cost$ 1, 500 per month. ” 可知，如果不接受治疗，他最终就会 变成一个侏儒，故选A。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管有这些障碍，梅西仍然保持着乐观和希望。A. changes改变；B. crises危机； C. obstacles 障碍；D. losses 损失。由上文,He was 11 _with an inability to grow. This meanthe 12 being a dwarf unless he received special treatment, which would cost$ 1, 500 per month.”可矢口, 梅西被诊断为无法生长，且需要花费昂贵的治疗费，这对于他来说，是一些障碍，故选C。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：巴塞罗那雇佣了梅西，并在一张餐巾纸上与他签订了一份合同。A. file文件；B. signature 签名；C. initiative 主动权；D. contract 合同。由上文 “F. C Barcelona hired Messi and signed a”可知, 巴塞罗那雇佣了梅西，所以和他签订了一份合同，故选D。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在他已经实现了他的目标，带回了世界杯，并创造了历史。A. pursued追求； B. challenged .K 战；C. achieved 实现；D. scored 得分。由下文 “his goal of bringing home a world cup and made history.n和最后一段You have to fight to reach your dream.以及常识可知，梅西带领阿根廷队在卡塔尔世 界杯上获得了冠军，现在他已经实现了他的目标一一带回了世界杯，并创造了历史，故选C。第二节(共10小题每小题1. 5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Can you get reinfected with the coronavirus? Yes it's definitely possible to get COVID-19more than once.“Even before the virus started to turn into different variants, there were already many 36 (document) cases of people getting reinfectedZ，Dr OttoYang, a professor in infectious diseases, told TODAY. As more variants emerge, reinfections only become more likely because those variants can 37 (potential) escape the immune protection we already have.Dr Bernard Camins notes that 38 experts may define as a “mild” infection can still feelsubjectively awfiil-and of course cause 39 (disrupt) in your daily life. "In most cases, the symptoms areless severe, meaning your likelihood of death or severe disease is 40(low) J he said. But if yoursymptoms cause you to miss work fbr a lo