2022-2023学年重庆市第八中学校高一下学期入学测试英语试题（解析版）.docx

重庆八中2022-2023学年度（下）高一年级选科适应性训练英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7. 5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅 读一遍。1. Where does the man ask the woman to do?A. Lend him a tennis ball. B. Have lunch together.2. What are the speakers talking about?A. A company.B. A piece of news.C. Play tennis after school.C. An accident.3. Where does the conversation most probably take place?A. In a bookstore.B. In a library.4. What does the woman suggest doing?A Buying a new chair.B. Fixing the broken chair.C. In a gym.C. Replacing the broken chair.5. What happened to Anna?A. She fell on the carpet.B. She dropped her coffee. C. She got her clothes dirty.第二节（共15小题;每小题L 5分，满分22. 5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. Where will the speakers go this weekend?A. To a cinema.B. To a park.7. How much will the speakers probably spend?A. £8.B. £24.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. What does the man want to do?C. To the beach.C. £40.A. Attend a class.B. Check a database.C. Buy a book.9. Which method of payment is unacceptable?fortunate（动物可以提供帮助，他的狗真的救了他他非常幸运）”可知，Chaim Colen博士认为Kelsey是可以提供帮助的。故选B。【22题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段"A five-year-old dog named Kelsey has been praised as a hero for helping to save the life of her owner who slipped in the snow and broke his neck.（一只名叫 Kelsey 的五岁狗被誉为英雄，因为它 挽救了她的在雪地里滑倒并摔断了脖子的主人的性命）"第五段中"Bob' companion kept him warm by lying on top of him. She licked his face and hands to keep him awake.（鲍勃的同伴趴在他身上为他保暖。她舔他的脸和 手让他保持清醒）”和倒数第二段中“However, doctors were surprised to find that he didn't have any frostbite （冻 疮）.They believed it was because of Kelsey9s determination to keep him warm.（然而，医生惊讶地发现他没有任 何冻伤，他们认为这是因为Kelsey让他暖和起来）”可知，本文讲述的是冬夜的温暖。在一个极冷的晚 上，一只名叫Kelsey的狗的主人在雪地里滑倒，摔断了脖子，她一直陪伴着主人，给主人以温暖，并用 “狗叫声”寻求帮助。最后它帮助挽救了主人的生命。由此可知答案为C。CCities alarmed by deaths and injuries of pedestrians are taking efforts to make crosswalks safer for people on foot, especially seniors and children who need more time to cross streets.A pedestrian is killed in a traffic accident in the USA every 110 minutes； one is injured every nine minutes, according to official date. Crosswalk can be especially dangerous for the elderly. Among people 70 and older, 36% of pedestrian deaths in 2006 occurred in crosswalks, compared with 21% of those younger than 70, according to the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety.The Federal Highway Administration （FHWA） advises that next year states increase by nearly 15% the amount of time traffic lights provide for pedestrians to cross the street after the flashing orange hand appears .FHWA spokesman Doug Hecox says reasons for the change include an aging population that needs more time to cross, health-conscious Americans walking more, children encouraged to walk to prevent getting overweight and high gas prices pushing people to walk instead of drive.Pedestrian deaths went down by 12% from 5,449 in 1996 to 4,784 in 2006. But among those in 2006, 471 were killed in crosswalks, down slightly from 488 ten years earlier, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration （NHTSA） says.23. Which of the following is true according to the text?A. Among 100 pedestrian deaths there were 21 people younger than 70.B. Old people are more likely to meet with accidents in crosswalks.C. Traffic accidents killed more old people than young people.D. About seven traffic accidents happened per hour.24. What is FHWA's suggestion to states?A. Fixing more traffic lights.B. Providing more crosswalks.C. Giving pedestrians more time to cross streets.D. Increasing the time before the orange lights appear.25. Whafs the cause of the crosswalk safety problem according to the test?A. There9re many cars and buses on the road.B. Pedestrians are careless.C. Crosswalks are crowded.D. Drivers don't give way.26. The report from NHTSA suggests that.A. fewer people were injured in crosswalksB. crosswalk safety has been greatly improvedC. much has been done to reduce traffic accidentsD. pedestrian deaths in crosswalk remain a serious problem【答案】23. B 24. C 25. C 26. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在美国，人行横道安全问题仍然是一个严重的交通安全问题，相关交 通部门正采取措施解决这一问题。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段 u Cities alarmed by deaths and injuries of pedestrians are taking efforts to make crosswalks safer for people on foot, especially seniors and children who need more time to cross streets.v （受至 行人伤亡事故影响的城市正在采取措施，使人行横道对步行的人更安全，尤其是需要更多时间过马路的老 人和儿童）以及第二段“Crosswalk can be especially dangerous for the elderly. ”（对老年人来说，过马路尤 其危险）可知，老年人在人行横道上更容易发生事故，故选B。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“The Federal Highway Administration （FHWA） advises that next year states increase by nearly 15% the amount of time traffic lights provide for pedestrians to cross the street after the flashing orange hand appears（美国联邦公路管理局建议，明年各州将交通灯为行人提供的过马路时间增加近 15%）可知，美国联邦公路管理局建议给行人更多的时间过马路，故选C。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段 “FHWA spokesman Doug Hecox says reasons for the change include an aging population that needs more time to cross, health-conscious Americans walking more, children encouraged to walk to prevent getting overweight and high gas prices pushing people to walk instead of drive.(美国联邦公路管理 局发言人道格赫考克斯表示，这一变化的原因包括人口老龄化，需要更多的时间过马路，有健康意识的 美国人走路变多了，鼓励儿童走路以防止超重，以及高油价促使人们步行而非开车)可知，造成人行横道 安全问题的原因是行人变多了，也就是人行横道过于拥挤，故选C。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段 “Pedestrian deaths went down by 12% from 5,449 in 1996 to 4,784 in 2006. But among those in 2006, 471 were killed in crosswalks, down slightly from 488 ten years earlier, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) says.” (行人死亡人数从 1996 年的 5449 人下降到 2006 年 的4784人，下降了 12%。但美国国家公路交通安全管理局表示，2006年，有471人死于人行横道，略低 于十年前的488人)可知，美国国家公路交通安全管理局的报告表明人行横道行人死亡仍然是一个严重问 题，故选D。DLefs say you're taking a Spanish test when an answer just won't come to you, even though you saw it on last nighfs practice quiz (10 sleepless hours ago). Or maybe you miss every free throw daring your basketball game- and to make things worse, you are not friendly to your teammate on the way to the locker room.These may seem like unrelated events, but here's the surprising truth: Each may be a direct consequenceof your lack of sleep time. In one study, just an hour less of sleep each night made six-graders perform like fourthgraders on mental tests. Other research shows that sleep loss makes you run slower and miss more shots in sports, while doubling your possibility of injury.Some experts even argue that teens would be less likely to take risks or suffer from anxiety if they could just get enough sleep. "When you lack sleep and you run into a stressful situation, whether it's with your friends or something else, you're going to get angry and upset, “ explains Dr. Kathleen Berchelmann, a doctor in St. Louis, Missouri.”】 see a lot of depression and anxiety in teens who aren't getting enough sleep. ”It's surprising to think that by spending more time in bed, you could lift your grade point average, get along with your loved ones, perform better on the field, and feel happier. But scientists say it's true that many teens are walking around like dead souls without even realizing it.27. The first paragraph serves as a(n).A. explanationB. introductionC. commentD. definition28. What does the underlined word "consequence“ in Paragraph 2 mean? A. Cause.B. Problem.C. Result.D. Experience.29. If a teenager lacks sleep, he may.A. lose interest in everythingB. get injured when with friendsC. have poor performance in sportsD. feel lonely and disappointed 30. What is the text mainly about? A. Children's sleeping habits.B. Bad results of teens, sleep loss.C. Teenagers9 sleep-related diseases.D. Learning problems and lack of sleep.【答案】27. B 28. C 29. C 30. B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了青少年缺乏睡眠的不良后果。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段内容 “Let's say you're taking a Spanish test when an answer just won't come to you, even though you saw it on last night's practice quiz （10 sleepless hours ago）. Or maybe you miss every free throw daring your basketball game-and to make things worse, you are not friendly to your teammate on the way to the locker room.（假设你正在参加西班牙语考试，你就是想不出答案，尽管你在昨晚的练习测验（10个小时没睡 过觉）中看到了答案。或者你可能会错过篮球比赛中的每一个罚球更糟糕的是，在去更衣室的路上，你 对你的队友并不友好。）和第二段的 “These may seem like unrelated events, but here's the surprising truth: Each may be a direct consequenceof your lack of sle叩time.（这些看似无关的事件，但有一个令人惊讶的事 实：每一个都可能是您睡眠时间不足的直接后果。）”可知第一段通过两个例子，引出本文的话题缺乏睡眠 会带来不良结果。故选B。【28题详解】词义猜测题。根据第二段中的 “In one study, just an hour less of sleep each night made six-graders perform like fourth-graders on mental tests.（在一项研究中，每晚少睡一个小时，六年级学生在智力测试中的表现就像四 年级学生一样。）”可推断，上文列举的例子是睡眠不足的结果，划线句句意：这些看起来似乎无关紧要， 但令人惊讶的事实是：每一件事都可能是你睡眠时间不足的直接后果。因此推断划线词与C项result意思 相近，故选C。【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的 u Other research shows that sleep loss makes you run slower and miss more shots in sports, while doubling your possibility of injury.（其他研究表明,睡眠不足会使你在运动中跑得更慢，投丢 更多的球，同时使你受伤的可能性翻倍。）”可知，其他的研究表明，缺乏睡眠会让你跑得更慢，在运动中 会错过更多的进球，因此可知，如果一个青少年缺乏睡眠，他可能运动中表现不佳，故选C。【30题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段的 uThese may seem like unrelated events, but here's the surprising truth: Each may be a direct consequenceof your lack of sleep time.（这些看似无关的事件，但有一个令人惊讶的事实：每一个都 可能是您睡眠时间不足的直接后果。）”以及下文可知，本文主要讲述了缺乏睡眠的结果，睡眠不足会导致 许多不良的结果，拥有足够的睡眠，可以提高成绩，在球场上表现更好，感觉更快乐。故选B。第二节（共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Being a leader in any environment earns you trust among peers and helps you get things done, whatever the task is.31Assess yourself.32 It's about looking at yourself objectively, seeing your behaviors and attitudesfrom outside, and observing how you may come across to other people. For instance, you may know your intentions are good, but perhaps your expression doesn't quite translate that.Be a good problem-solver.33 So being quick on your feet and decisive in how you deal withproblems will put you ahead of the game as a leader.34 You don't have to agree with everything someone says, but you must be willing to receive feedback about your own performance, as well as opinions on other important issues. Being flexible and curious about the wants, needs, and ideas of others will develop a much more respectful, effective, and positive environment for everyone.Encourage others. Building leadership skills requires knowing how to work well with people. Staying in theknow about what goes on in your community is important, but responding to that information with enthusiasm is equally significant.35A. Accept feedback front leaders.B. Be open to the opinions of others.C. Problem-solving means finding problems first.D. Let us show you how to develop leadership skills.E. Building leadership skills requires plenty of self-awareness.F. Unexpected challenges will arise often and at a lightning speed.G. So be a source of positivity and support others in working toward their own goals.【答案】3LD 32. E 33. F 34. B 35. G【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章就关于如何培养更好的领导技能给出几条建议。【31题详解】根据前句 “Being a leader in any environment earns you trust among peers and helps you get things done, whatever the task is.（在任何环境中做一个领导者都能赢得同事的信任，并帮助你完成任务，无论任务是什 么。）”及下文提到的方法可知，这里为承上启下句，就如何培养更好的领导技能给出建议。所以选择项 D “Let us show you how to develop leadership skills.（让我们向你展示如何培养领导技能。）”符合上下文语 境。故选D。【32题详解】根据本段中心句 u Assess yourself.（评估自己。）"和后句"It's about looking at yourself objectively, seeing your behaviors and attitudes from outside, and observing how you may come across to other people.（它是关于客 观地看待自己，从外部看到你的行为和态度，并观察你可能给别人留下的印象。）”可知，领导技能需要能 够评估自己，需要充分的自我意识。所以选择项E uBuilding leadership skills requires plenty of self- awareness.（培养领导技能需要大量的自我意识。）”符合上下文语境。故选E。【33题详解】根据后句 “So being quick on your feet and decisive in how you deal with problems will put you ahead of the game as a leader.（所以行动迅速和果断地处理问题将使你成为领导者。）”可知，挑战往往意想不到地快速 出现，所以，处理起来要迅速果断。所以选择项F uUnexpected challenges will arise often and at a lightning speed.（意想不到的挑战会以闪电般的速度经常出现。）”符合上下文语境。选项中at lightning speed和后句 中 being quick on your feet 相一致。故选 F。这里为本段中心句。根据后句“You don't have to agree with everything someone says, but you must be willing to receive feedback about your own performance, as well as opinions on other important issues.（你不必同意别人 说的每件事，但你必须愿意接受关于你自己表现的反馈，以及对其他重耍问题的意见。）”及本段内容可 知I,建议要接受反馈以及重要问题上的意见。所以选择项B “Be open to the opinions of others.（虚心听取别 人的意见。）”作为本段中心句最为合适。故选B。35题详解】根据本段中心句“Encourage others.（鼓励另lj人。）”和前句 uStaying in the know about what goes on in your community is important, but responding to that information with enthusiasm is equally significant. （ / 解社区的动 态很重要，但热情地回应这些信息也同样重要。）”可知，领导技能需要鼓励支持别人，积极回应社区发生 的事情很重要。所以选择项 G “ So be a source of positivity and support others in working toward their own goals.（所以，做一个积极的人，支持别人朝着自己的目标努力。）”符合上下文语境。故选G。第四部分语言知识运用（共三节，满分40分）第一节完形填空（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最 佳选项。Recently my wife and I were faced with a difficult situation while traveling by car with our hired（雇佣的） driver. It was a long ride, and we were 36. However, our car broke down suddenly. We triedcommunicating with the driver, but with little 37. He made some signs, suggesting he was going to38 help, and then left.It was getting colder and darker. We started to hear the cries of wild animals. Whafs worse, we didn't have much food.Would our driver ever return? Could we 39 him? We were very 40.Two hours passed. Suddenly, the headlights from another car appeared in the dark. A man offeredto 41 us. He had such a kind face, and we knew we could 42 him. We got into his car.43 we left, he put a note on the windscreen of our car with his phone number on it. The momentwe arrived at his home, his cousin spoke basic French and 44 us tea and local foods. Everyone asked usquestions and was 45 to have unexpected guests.Later that evening, the phone rang. It was our 46. He had kept his 47 and repaired thecar. We prepared to leave and 48 our new friends. I couldn't believe the 49 from the cousin:"No, we thank you fbr coming into our home.”I will never forget the 50 we received on that day.36. A. tiredB. carefulC. interestedD. sad37. A. patienceB. troubleC. timeD. success38. A. provideB. acceptC. getD.send39. A. supportB. trustC. refuseD. answer40. A. boredB. pleasedC. concernedD. moved41. A. helpB. callC. seeD. believe42. A. look afterB. depend onC. laugh atD. learn from43. A. SinceB. AfterC. BeforeD. If44. A. offeredB. deliveredC.sentD. supplied45. A. luckyB. sorryC.sureD. excited46. A. driverB. guideC. guestD. kid47. A. jobB. letterC. secretD. promise48. A. thankedB.servedC. visitedD.caught49. A. expectationB. adviceC. replyD. offer50. A. praiseB. warmthC. educationD. message【答案】36. A 37. D38. C 39. B40. C 41. A 42. B43. C 44. A45. DA 47. D 48. A 49. C 50. B46.【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了因为汽车出故障，作者和妻子在旅行中受困，得到一位陌生人