2011年广东暨南大学外国语学院英语翻译考研真题及答案.pdf

2011 年广东暨南大学外国语学院英语翻译考研真题及答案年广东暨南大学外国语学院英语翻译考研真题及答案.Vocabulary&Grammar(30%)Directions:There are 30 sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence thereare four words orphrases marked A,B,C and D.Choose the ONE answer that bestcompletes the sentence.Markyour answer,on your Answer Sheet.1.Bureaucratic powerhas _ upon the freedom of the individual.A.encroachedB.encapsulatedC.enchantedD.encompassed【答案】A 查看答案【解析】句意：官僚权力侵犯了个人的自由。encroach 侵犯。encapsulate 压缩、概括。enchant使迷惑。encompass 包含、围绕。因此，本题的正确答案为 A。2.You risk _ bankcharges if you exceed your overdraft limit.A.recurringB.occurringC.incurringD.concurring【答案】C 查看答案【解析】句意：如果超出了透支限额，就有被银行加收费用的风险。recur 再现。occur 发生、出现。incur 招致、蒙受。concur 同意。因此，本题的正确答案为 C。3.If one thing or person is _ withanother,they are very different in important ways,anddo not suit each otheror agree with each other.A.inquisitiveB.incompatibleC.inconsiderateD.inappropriate【答案】B 查看答案【解析】句意：如果某物/人与另一物/人是不相容的，那么他们在很多重要的方面是有区别的，且无法彼此适应或达成统一意见。inquisitive好奇的。incompatible不相容的。inconsiderate不体谅人的。inappropriate 不恰当的。因此，本题的正确答案为 B。4.The laws apply toeveryone _ race creed or color.A.in terms ofB.in spite ofC.in virtue ofD.irrespective of【答案】D 查看答案【解析】句意：法律对人人都适用，不分种族，肤色或信仰。in terms of 在方面。in spiteof 尽管。in virtue of 由于；凭借。irrespective of 不论。因此，本题的正确答案为 D。5.Moving through life sometimes feels likeswimming _.Other times it s like flying throughthe air.A.downwardsB.backstrokeC.counterclockwiseD.upstream【答案】D 查看答案【解析】句意：在生活中前行有时感觉像逆流而上，有时又像顺风飞行。downwards 向下。backstroke 仰泳。counterclockwise 逆时针方向的。upstream 逆流地。因此，本题的正确答案为 D。6.Hes usually very_ at keeping his private life out of the media.A.adeptB.adaptC.adoptD.acute【答案】A 查看答案【解析】句意：他通常很善于让自己的私生活避开媒体的关注。be adept at 善于。adapt 适应，常与介词 to/for 连用。adopt 采取。acute 敏锐的。因此，本题的正确答案为 A。7.Her commitment to agreat cause _ from a crusade into an obsession.A.downgradedB.depredatedC.degeneratedD.depreciated【答案】C 查看答案【解析】句意：她致力于一项伟大事业，但其崇高的奋斗精神已变质成为偏执的狂热。downgrade 降级。depredate 掠夺。degenerate 退化；堕落。depreciate 贬值。因此，本题的正确答案为 C。8.Portugal has _ a complaint with the InternationalCourt of Justice against the recentSpanish stern measures.A.dislodgedB.subscribedC.lodgedD.contributed【答案】C 查看答案【解析】句意：葡萄牙向国际法院提出了申诉，控诉西班牙近期的严厉措施。dislodge 驱逐。subscribe 订阅。lodge 提出。contribute 贡献。因此，本题的正确答案为 C。9.Ill appreciate your _ effort topromote the sale in your market on communicationbasis.A.atrociousB.strenuousC.effusiveD.evocative【答案】B 查看答案【解析】句意：如果您在代理的基础上，在市场上为我们的产品尽全力促销的话，我将非常感谢您。atrocious 恶劣的。strenuous 费力的。effusive 溢于言表的。evocative 唤起感情的。因此，本题的正确答案为 B。10.Although they plant trees in this area yearin and year out the tops of some hills are still_.A.bareB.vacantC.blankD.hollow【答案】A 查看答案【解析】句意：尽管他们每年都在这一地区种植树木。bare 光秃的。vacant 空着的，常用于形容房屋、座位等。blank 空白的。hollow 空心的。因此，本题的正确答案为 A。11.The price of beer _from 50 cents to$4 per liter during the summer season.A.wanderedB.coveredC.overwhelmedD.ranged【答案】D 查看答案【解析】句意：在夏季，啤酒的价格从每升 50 美分到 4 美元不等。wander 漫步。cover 包括。overwhelm 淹没。range（在内）变动。因此，本题的正确答案为 D。12.The present leaders have to decide whetherto stand down and _ to a youngergeneration.A.hand outB.hand inC.hand overD.hand down【答案】C 查看答案【解析】句意：现任领导层必须决定是否应退居二线，把重任移交给更为年轻的一代。handout 分发。hand in 上交。hand over（把某事）负责。handdown 世代相传。因此，本题的正确答案为 C。13.Shes completelyhomeless;at least I have my parents to _.A.fall behind withB.fall in withC.fall down onD.fall back on【答案】D 查看答案【解析】句意：她是真正无家可归；我至少有父母可依靠。fall behind with 拖欠未付（租金等）。fall in with 偶然遇到。fall down on 失败。fall back on 求助于。因此，本题的正确答案为 D。14.If you _ someone or something,youlike them,especially after knowing them orthinking about them for only ashort time.A.take afterB.take toC.take inD.take for【答案】B 查看答案【解析】句意：如果你开始喜欢上某人或做某事，也就是说你已经喜欢上了他们，尤其是在仅有短时间的了解或考虑后便产生好感。take after 与相像。take to（短时间内）喜欢上。takein 吸收。take for 误认为。因此，本题的正确答案为 B。15.The students _ new proposals on therunning of the college to the College educationCommittee.A.put forwardB.put throughC.put forthD.put out【答案】A 查看答案【解析】句意：学生们向学院教育委员会提出了管理学院的建议。put through 完成（任务、工作、计划、交易等）。put out 出版。put forth 与 put forward 皆有“提出”的意思，但 putforth 则常用于提出或发表理论、政策等，而 put forward 含有提议以供考虑的意思，更加符合题意。因此，本题的正确答案为 A。16.He is a skilledworker _ from his job in Ford Company.A.laid downB.laid outC.laid offD.laid aside【答案】C 查看答案【解析】句意：他是个熟练的工人，被贝尔发斯特一家造船厂解雇了。lay down 放下。lay out摆放。lay off 解雇。lay aside 把搁置一边。因此，本题的正确答案为 C。17.The judge wouldnt have _ him _ soeasily if it hadnt been a first offence.A.got throughB.got backC.got offD.got in【答案】C 查看答案【解析】句意：如非初犯，法官不会如此轻易就免除对他的责罚。get through 通过。get back回到。get off 免于受罚。get in 进入。因此，本题的正确答案为 C。18.In no country _ Britain,it has beensaid,can one experience four seasons in the courseof a single day.A.other thanB.more thanC.rather thanD.better than【答案】A 查看答案【解析】句意：据说除了英国没有一个国家在一天中能体验四个季节。other than 除了。ratherthan 而不是。more than 不仅仅。less than 少于。因此，本题的正确答案为 A。19.I hope all the precautions against airpollution,_ suggested by the local government willbe seriously consideredhere.A.whichB.asC.whatD.whereas【答案】B 查看答案【解析】句意：我希望所有正如当地政府建议的那些针对大气污染的预防措施都能够在此被严肃考虑。as suggested by the local government 作插入语，修饰 the precautions。如使用which 则此处变为非限制性定语从句，suggested 前缺少形成被动式的 be 动词。what 和whereas 一般作从句的引导词。因此，本题的正确答案为 B。20.The project,_ by the end of 2020,willexpand the citys telephone network to cover 10million users.A.accomplishedB.being accomplishedC.while accomplishedD.having been accomplished【答案】C 查看答案【解析】句意：这项将于 2012 年底完工的项目将会扩宽城市的电话网络至覆盖 1000 万用户。根据句意可知，by the end of 2020 是一个将来时的时间状语，说明该事情是未来完成的，A、D 项表示被动和已完成。B 项表示正在被做。因此，本题的正确答案为 C。21.My husband suggested _ to New York fora holiday,though I actually favored _Hawaii.A.going;to visitB.to go;to visitC.to go;visitingD.going;visiting【答案】D 查看答案【解析】句意：我丈夫建议去纽约度假，虽然我其实喜欢夏威夷。suggest 和 favor 后接动词的-ing 形式。因此，本题的正确答案为 D。22._ had the CIG started work _ itbegan to chafe at its restrictions and soughtauthority to start operatingespionage networks abroad.A.No sooner whenB.Hardly thanC.No sooner thanD.Scarcely than【答案】C 查看答案【解析】句意：CIG 一开始工作就因受到限制而感到焦躁，并且开始向当局寻求在国外运行间谍网络。No sooner than 一就。A、B、D 项无此用法。因此，本题的正确答案为C。23.Reading is to themind _ food is to the body.A.whatB.likeC.as ifD.while【答案】A 查看答案【解析】句意：阅读之于心灵，犹如食物之于身体。固定用法 A is to B what C is to D，意为“A 对 B 而言正如 C 对 D 一样”。因此，本题的正确答案为 A。24.She took the name George Eliot for thereason _ women of her day were not supposedto be novelists.A.whyB./C.thatD.because【答案】C 查看答案【解析】句意：她取名乔治艾略特是因为在她那个时代，人们认为小说家不应该是女性。the reason that 后接具体原因，the reasonwhy 后接对这个理由的修饰。因此，本题的正确答案为 C。25.That night,_,he went out again to look for help.A.tired like he wasB.tired as he wasC.tired though he wasD.tired even though he was【答案】C 查看答案【解析】句意：那天晚上，虽然很累，他仍再次出门寻求帮助。根据句意，此处含有转折的意味，C、D 项表示转折，但 D 项无此用法。因此，本题的正确答案为 C。26.I like the city,but I like the countrybetter _ I have more friends there.A.now thatB.for thatC.since thatD.in that【答案】D 查看答案【解析】句意：我喜欢城市，但是我更喜欢乡村，因为我有更多的朋友在乡村。根据句意，空缺处引导原因从句。in that 意为“因为”，其他选项均不表示原因，或不是固定搭配。因此，本题的正确答案为 D。27.Youve never seendinosaur eggs,have you?_.How I wish to visit the Dinosaur World!A.Yes,I haveB.No,I haventC.No,I haveD.Yes I havent【答案】B 查看答案【解析】句意：你从未见过恐龙蛋，对吗？对呀，我多么希望我能去参观恐龙世界！此句为反义疑问句，其回答都应根据事实回答。根据句意，回答应为否定，故采用“no+否定结构”。因此，本题的正确答案为 B。28._ they are fit I see no reason why theyshouldnt go on playing for another four or fiveyears.A.ProvideB.Having providedC.ProvidedD.To be provided【答案】C 查看答案【解析】句意：如果他们是健康的，我找不出还有什么原因能让他们不接着再打四五年篮球。空缺处为省略句，完整形式应为“If it is provided that”，此处 provide 应使用被动结构，that 引导宾语从句可以省略，故只有 C 项符合。因此，本题的正确答案为 C。29.Id just as soonyou _ more than we do.A.studyB.have studiedC.studiedD.would study【答案】C 查看答案【解析】句意：我宁愿你比我们学得多。虚拟语气中，“would just as soon”等同于“wouldrather”，意为“宁愿”，后接的宾语从句中动词用过去式。因此，本题的正确答案为 C。30.If Mr.Wang _ to learn more English,he would not have bought this book yesterday.A.didnt needB.hasnt neededC.hadnt neededD.shouldnt need【答案】C 查看答案【解析】句意：如果王先生不用再学更多英语，他昨天就不会买这本书了。本句使用虚拟语气，内容与过去事实相反，主句用 would/should/could+have+过去分词，从句用 had+过去分词。因此，本题的正确答案为 C。.Reading Comprehension(40%)Directions:This part consists of two sections.In Section A.there are threepassages followed by atotal of 15 multiple choice questions.In Section B,there is one passage followed by a total of 5short-answer questions.Read thepassages and then mark or write down your answers on theAnswer Sheet.Section A Multiple-ChoiceQuestions(20%)Passage1Questions 31 to 35 are based on thefollowing passage:The timber rattlesnake,once widespread throughout theeastern United States,is now on theendangered species list and is extinct intwo eastern states in which it once thrived.Compared toitswesterncousins,the Timberrattlesnake may be especiallyvulnerablebecauseofcertainbehaviors adapted for coping with the cold climate in which it lives.Rattlesnakes are generally found in warm climates because,like all reptiles,they cannot generateor regulate their own body temperatureinternally and must rely on the suns warmth for heat.But Timber rattlesnakesmigrated into colder northern areas about 8,000 years ago whenglaciersretreated.Inthesenorthernregions,thesnakesdevelopedanumberofadaptivestrategies to survive,but ultimately these behaviors make them more vulnerabletohuman predation,their main threat.One survival strategy the snakes have developed ishibernation.For approximately eight monthsof the year,the rattlers remainmotionless in deep frost-free crevices,with their bodytemperature dropping aslow as 40 degrees.In the spring when they emerge,they must warmtheir chilledbodies by sunning themselves for three or four days on rocks in the open.Thisbehavior,coupled with the fact that Timber rattlesnakes tend to concentrate inlargenumbers at their wintering sites,makes them easy prey.Gestating femalesare particularlyvulnerable because they spend much of their time basking(取暖)in the sun in order to producelive young from eggs.In addition,females havevery long interbirth intervals,producing liveyoung only every three to fiveyears.If frost or cold spell comes late in the year,the entire litterof sixto twelve young may die.Efforts are under way to protect the Timber rattlesnake andits habitat from further humandepredation,but in many states it is alreadytoo late.31.What is the maintopic of the passage?A.Why Timber rattlesnakes hibernate.B.How Timber rattlesnakes are surviving.C.How Timber rattlesnakes adapted to northern climates.D.Why Timber rattlesnakes are endangered.32.Which of thefollowing is true about Timber rattlesnakes?A.They migrated to eastern sidles.B.They migrated northward during a warming period.C.They migrated to escape a cold climate.D.They migrated to the South to seek a warmer climate.33.In which of the following places might aperson be most likely to find Timber rattlesnakes inthe spring?A.in the woodsB.in the meadowsC.in bushy areasD.in canyons34.According to the passage,which of thefollowing does NOT contribute to the rattle snakebeing an endangered animal?A.hibernating for eight monthsB.basking in the sunC.congregating togetherD.having long intervals between births35.What is theauthors tone attitude toward the topic?A.accusativeB.nostalgicC.regretfulD.humorous【答案与解析】31.D 文章第一段和第二段的重点都在于“theTimber rattlesnake may be especially vulnerablebecause of certain behaviorsadapted for coping with the cold climate”，第三段则是对这些行为举一例进行进一步的说明，最后一段为总结。由此可知文章的重点在于响尾蛇变得易受伤害的原因，即濒临灭绝的原因，故选 D。32.B 文章第二段提到“Timberrattlesnakes migrated into colder northern areas about 8,000years ago whenglaciers retreated.”，由此可知响尾蛇在冰川消退、即气温变暖时期向北边更寒冷的区域迁徙，故选 B。33.D 文章第三段提到“In thespring when they emerge,they must warm their chilled bodies bysunningthemselves for three or four days on rocks in the open.”，由此可知响尾蛇春天为了取暖会出现开阔的岩石旁，故选 D。34.A B、C、D 三项文章第三段中皆有提及，故选 A。35.C 文章最后一段提到“it isalready too late”。由此可知作者认为虽然人们已做出努力挽救濒临灭亡的响尾蛇，但为时已晚，语气中表露了遗憾之情，故选 C。Passage2Questions 36 to 40 are based on thefollowing passage:As heart disease continues to be the number-one killer inthe United States,researchers havebecome increasingly interested inidentifying the potential risk factors that trigger heart attacks.High-fatdiets and life in the fast track have long been known to contributeto the high incidenceof heart failure.But according to new studies,the listof risk factors may be significantly longerand quite surprising.Heart failure,for example,appears to have seasonal andtemporal patterns.A higher percentageof heart attacks occur in cold weather,and more people experience heart failure on Monday thanon any other day of theweek.In addition,people are more susceptible to heart attacks in thefirstfew hours after waking.Cardiologists first observed this morning phenomenon inthemid-1980s,and have since discovered a number of possible causes.Anearly-morning rise inblood pressure,heart rate,and concentration of heartstimulating hormones,plus a reduction ofblood flow to the heart,may allcontribute to the higher incidence of heart attacks between thehours of 8:00AM and 10:00 AM.In other studies,both birthdays and bachelorhood have beenimplicated as risk factors.Statisticsreveal that heart attack rates increasesignificantly for both females and males in the few daysimmediately precedingand following their birthdays.And unmarried men are more at risk forheartattacks than their married counterparts.Though stress is thought to be linkedin some wayto all of the aforementioned risk factors,intense research continuesin the hope of furthercomprehending why and how heart failure is triggered.36.What does thepassage mainly discuss?A.risk factors in heart attacksB.seasonal and temporal patterns of heart attacksC.cardiology in the 1980sD.diet and stress as Factors in heart attacks37.What do the secondand third paragraphs of the passage mainly discuss?A.the link between heart attacks and marriageB.unusual risk factors in heart attacksC.age and gender factors in heart attacksD.myths about lifestyle and heart attacks38.According to the passage,which of thefollowing is NOT a possible cause of many heartattacks?A.decreased blood flow to the heartB.increased blood pressureC.lower heart rateD.increase in hormones39.Which of thefollowing is NOT cited as a possible risk factor?A.having a birthdayB.getting marriedC.eating fatty foodsD.being under stress40.Which of thefollowing does the passage infer?A.We now fully understand how risk factors trigger heartattacks.B.We recently began to study how risk factors triggerheart attacks.C.We have not identified many risk factors associated withheart attacks.D.We do not fully understand how risk factors triggerheart attacks.【答案与解析】36.A 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句话可知本文谈论的是引起心脏病的因素，故选 A。37.B 细节理解题。文章为总分结构，第一段最后一句提到除了高脂肪饮食和快节奏生活还有其他因素会导致心脏病发生，第二、三段介绍其他因素，故选 B。38.C 细节理解题。根据第二段，血压升高、心率加速以及血的浓度升高会刺激荷尔蒙，减少流回心脏的血量，C 错误，故选 C。39.B 细节理解题。最后一段提到单身男性比已婚男性更容易有心脏病，故结婚可能是降低心脏病风险的方法，但不是导致心脏病的因素，故选 B。40.C 主旨大意题。根据第一段引起心脏病的因素比我们所知道的多得多，故选 C。Passage3Questions 41 to 45 are based on thefollowing passage:The miserable fate of Enrons employees will be a landmarkin business history,one of thoseawful events that everyone agrees must neverbe allowed to happen again.This urge isunderstandable and noble:thousandshave lost virtually all their retirement savings with thedemise of Enronstock.But making sure it never happens again may not be possible,becausethesudden i