一般过去时的构成及用法_小学教育-小学教育.pdf
学习必备 欢迎下载 一般过去时的构成及用法：一、一般过去时的用法：1.表示过去的动作或状态，常和明确的过去时间状语连用，如：yesterday,last week,three days ago,in 1998,just now 等，或与由 when 引导的从句连用。2.也可以表示过去某一段时间内经常或反复出现的动作。句子中常带有 every day,often,usually,always,sometimes 等时间状语。例：When I worked in the company,I got up early every morning.在那家公司上班时，我每天早晨都起得很早。In the past few years she usually went touring during her summer holidays.在过去的几年里，每逢暑假她总是出去旅游。二、一般过去时的形式 to be:第一人称单数和第三人称单数用 was,其余的人称用 were。to do(行为动词)：行为动词的过去式有两类，一类是规则动词，另一类是不规则动词。to have:各人称，单、复数一律用 had。肯 定句 否 定 句 be I/He/She/It was.I/He/She/It was not.We/You/They were.We/You/They were not.have I/He/She/It/We/You/They had.I/He/She/It/We/You/They had not（有）.I/He/She/It/We/You/They did not have(吃/喝/进行.)行为动词 I/He/She/It/We/You/They studied I/He/She/It/We/You/They did not study 一般疑问句 简略回答 be Was he/she/it.?Yes,he was.(No,he wasnt.)Were we/you/they.?Yes,you were.(No,you were not)have Had I/he/she/it/you/we/they.?Did I/you/he.have.Yes,you had.(No,you hadnt.)Yes,you did.(No,you didnt.)行为动词 Did he/she/it/we/you/they study.?Yes,you did.(No,you didnt.)I.一般过去时的概念 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如：last year,yesterday 等；也可表示过去经常反复发生的动作，常和 often,always 等频率副词连用。例如：I saw him in the street yesterday.昨天我在街上看见他了。Li Mei always went to school on foot last year.去年李梅总是步行上学。II.一般过去时的构成 学习必备 欢迎下载 我们主要来学习谓语动词为实义动词的一般过去时的构成。动词过去式的构成：(1)规则动词过去式的构成有四条规则：一般在动词原形末尾直接加上-ed。如：look-looked。以不发音的字母 e 结尾的动词，去 e 再加-ed。如：live-lived。末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed。如：stop-stopped。末尾是辅音字母+y 结尾的动词，先变 y 为 i，然后再加-ed。如：study-studied。(2)不规则动词的过去式需特殊记忆。如：am(is)-was,are-were,go-went,come-came,take-took,have(has)-had等。III.一般过去时的几种句型 肯定句结构为：主语+动词的过去式+其它。如：He went to the toy store yesterday.他昨天去玩具店了。否定句结构为：主语+did not(didnt)+动词原形+其它。如：He didnt go to the toy store yesterday.他昨天没去玩具店。一般过去时的一般疑问句的构成：Did+主语动词原形其它？如：1)-Did you go to Beijing last week?-Yes,we did.(No,we didnt.)2)-Did you meet the businessman before?-No,I didnt.(Yes,I did.)一般过去时的特殊疑问句的构成：疑问词did+主语动词原形其它？如：1)-What did you do last night?-I did my homework.2)-Where did you go last week?-I went to Shanghai with my parents.一般过去时口诀 一般过去时并不难，表示过去动作、状态记心间。动词要用过去式，时间状语句末站。否定句很简单，didnt 站在动词原形前，其它部分不要变。一般疑问句也好变，did 放在句子前，主语、动词原形、其它部分依次站。特殊疑问句也简单，疑问词加一般疑问句记心间。最后一条请注意，动词过去式要牢记。一般现在时与一般过去时 2007-12-12 13:41:00|By:37z.颜宾 一般现在时与一般过去时 Teaching periods:1.连用如等或与由引导的从句连用也可以表示过去某一段时间内经常或反复出现的动作句子中常带有等时间状语例在那家公司上班时我每天早晨都起得很早在过去的几年里每逢暑假她总是出去旅游二一般过去时的形式第一人称单数和数一律用肯定句否定句有吃喝进行简略回答一般疑问句行为动词行为动词一般过去时的概一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态常和表示过去的时间状语连用如等也可表示过去经常反复发生的动作常和等频率副词连词为实义动词的一般过去时的构成动词过去式的构成规则动词过去式的构成有四条规则一般在动词原形末尾直接加上如以不发音的字母结尾的动词去再加如末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节先双写这个辅音字母再加如末尾是辅音学习必备 欢迎下载 Teaching aims and demands:1.口笔头掌握各种一般现在时与一般过去时的句型。2.一般现在时与一般过去时的动词规则与不规则变化。Teaching procedure:Step 1 review 1一般现在时与一般过去时共同点：两者均可表示人的性格、特征、爱好，以及习惯性动作，常与频度副词：often,sometimes,seldom,usually,always,once a week,three times a month,等连用。Eg:I like singing.I liked singing when I was a child.I often sing.I often sang when I was a child.在条件和时间状语从句中，一般将来时要改为一般现在时，过去将来时要改为一般过去时。Eg:I am going to be a docter when I grow up.I am going to the zoo if it doesnt rain.The weather is getting warmer and warmer when spring comes.2.一般现在时与一般过去时的不同点：一般现在时表示现阶段发生的动作或状态，以及永恒不变的事实、真理和自然规律，常与时间状语 today,every day,on Sunday,every morning等连用。Eg:What day is today?We sometimes go to the park on Sunday.They ride bikes to school every day.I get up early every morning.Spring returns in March.He said spring returns in March.The sun is bigger than the moon.一般过去时表示过去阶段发生的动作或状态，常与时间状语 yesterday,last year,the day before yesterday,the month before,this morning,five days ago等连用。Eg:What day was yesterday?We sometimes went to the park on Sunday last year.They rode bikes to school the day before yesterday.I got up early this morning.I lost my pen five days ago.Step 2 presentation 1.一般现在时肯、否定句、一般疑问句及简短回答和特殊疑问句的变化规则。“行为动词”与助动词“do”连用：Sometimes we go to the park on Sunday.Sometimes we dont go to the park on Sunday.Do you sometimes go to the park on Sunday?Yes,we do./No,we dont.Where do you sometimes go on Sunday?When do you sometimes go to the park?连用如等或与由引导的从句连用也可以表示过去某一段时间内经常或反复出现的动作句子中常带有等时间状语例在那家公司上班时我每天早晨都起得很早在过去的几年里每逢暑假她总是出去旅游二一般过去时的形式第一人称单数和数一律用肯定句否定句有吃喝进行简略回答一般疑问句行为动词行为动词一般过去时的概一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态常和表示过去的时间状语连用如等也可表示过去经常反复发生的动作常和等频率副词连词为实义动词的一般过去时的构成动词过去式的构成规则动词过去式的构成有四条规则一般在动词原形末尾直接加上如以不发音的字母结尾的动词去再加如末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节先双写这个辅音字母再加如末尾是辅音学习必备 欢迎下载“行为动词三单主语”与助动词“does”连用：Spring returns in March.Spring doesnt return in March.Does spring return in March？Yes,it does./No,it doesnt.When does spring return？“be 动词”可以兼助动词：The sun isnt bigger than the moon.Is the sun bigger than the moon？Yes,it is./No,it isnt.How is the sun than the moon？2.一般过去时肯、否定句、一般疑问句及简短回答和特殊疑问句的变化规则。“行为动词”与助动词“did”连用：I got up at six thirty this morning.I didnt get up at six thirty this morning.Did you get up at six thirty this morning?Yes,I did./No,I didnt.When did you get up this morning?“be 动词”可以兼助动词：It was Monday yesterday.It wasnt Monday y esterday.Was it Monday yesterday?Yes,it was./No,it wasnt.What day was yesterday?Step 3 practice 1.T:I like singing.Cue:when I was a child.S:I liked singing when I was a child.Cue:否定句 S:I didnt like singing when I was a chi ld.Cue:一般问句 S:Did you like singing when you were a child?Cue:answer S:Yes,I did.Cue:What S:What did you like when you were a child?2.T:They ride bikes to school every day.Cue:he S:He rides a bike to school every day.Cue:yesterday S:He rode a bike to school yesterday.Cue:否定句 连用如等或与由引导的从句连用也可以表示过去某一段时间内经常或反复出现的动作句子中常带有等时间状语例在那家公司上班时我每天早晨都起得很早在过去的几年里每逢暑假她总是出去旅游二一般过去时的形式第一人称单数和数一律用肯定句否定句有吃喝进行简略回答一般疑问句行为动词行为动词一般过去时的概一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态常和表示过去的时间状语连用如等也可表示过去经常反复发生的动作常和等频率副词连词为实义动词的一般过去时的构成动词过去式的构成规则动词过去式的构成有四条规则一般在动词原形末尾直接加上如以不发音的字母结尾的动词去再加如末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节先双写这个辅音字母再加如末尾是辅音学习必备 欢迎下载 S:He didnt ride a bike to school yesterday.Cue:一般问句 S:Did he ride a bike to school yesterday?Cue:answer S:Yes,he did.Cue:When S:When did he ride a bike to school?3.T:I get up early every morning.Cue:she S:She gets up early every morning.Cue:last morning S:I got up early last morning.Cue:否定句 S:I didnt got up early last morning.Cue:一般问句 S:Did he get up early last morning?Cue:answer S:Yes,he did.Cue:When S:When did he get up early?4.T:I lost my pen five days ago.Cue:否定句 S:I didnt lose my pen five days ago.Cue:一般问句 S:Did he lose his pen five days ago?Cue:answer S:Yes,he did.Cue:When S:When did he lose his pen?5.T:We go to the park twice a month.Cue:They S:They go to the park twice a month.Cue:he S:He goes to the park twice a month.Cue:否定句 S:He doesnt go to the park twice a month.Cue:一般问句 S:Does he go to the park twice a month?Cue:answer S:Yes,he does.Cue:How often S:How often does he go to the park?Cue:Where S:Where does he go twice a month?连用如等或与由引导的从句连用也可以表示过去某一段时间内经常或反复出现的动作句子中常带有等时间状语例在那家公司上班时我每天早晨都起得很早在过去的几年里每逢暑假她总是出去旅游二一般过去时的形式第一人称单数和数一律用肯定句否定句有吃喝进行简略回答一般疑问句行为动词行为动词一般过去时的概一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态常和表示过去的时间状语连用如等也可表示过去经常反复发生的动作常和等频率副词连词为实义动词的一般过去时的构成动词过去式的构成规则动词过去式的构成有四条规则一般在动词原形末尾直接加上如以不发音的字母结尾的动词去再加如末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节先双写这个辅音字母再加如末尾是辅音学习必备 欢迎下载 Step 4 consolidation 一般现在时与一般过去时谓语动词的规则与不规则变化。1 一般现在时的动词基本上用原形，只有主语三单时谓语动词类似名词复数变化，其变化规则如下：一般情况直接加 s 读作z/s .Eg:work-works,以不发音 e 结尾，直接加 s,读作z/s.Eg:like-likes 以 se,结尾,加 s,读作iz.Eg:riserises,以 s,x,结尾，加 es,读作iz.Eg:miss-misses,fix-fixes,以 o,结尾，加 es,读作z Eg:gogoes,以辅音字母+y 结尾，须改成 i,加 es,读作z.Eg:carry-carries,2.一般过去时除了不规则变化要死背硬记，其余的规则变化如下：一般情况直接加 ed 读作d/t/id,.Eg:work-worked,以不发音 e 结尾，直接加 d,读作d/t/id.一般过去时 时间状语：ago(之前),yesterday,last,in+过去年份，just now(刚才）Eg:likeliked,以辅音字母+y 结尾，须改成 i,加 ed,读作d.Eg:carry-carried,Step 5 project and homework .Correct the mistakes.1.Where does he goes twice a month?2.How often do he goes to the park?3.He isnt go to the park twice a month.4.We goes to the park twice a month.5.Does he lose his pen five days ago?6.I dont lose my pen f ive days ago.7.Did he got up early last morning?8.She get up early every morning.9.I gets up early every morning.10.Is he ride a bike to school yesterday?11.I wasnt like singing when I was a child.Answer the following questions:1.T:Do you like singing?S:Yes,I do.2.T:How often does he ride a bike to school?S:he rides a bike to school almost every day.3.T:What day is today?S:Its.Monday today.4.T:What day was yesterday?S:It was Monday yesterday.5.T:When does spring return?S:Spring returns in March.给出下列句子的否定句、一般问句及简短回答和特殊疑问句:I lost my pen five days ago.2.Spring returns in March.3.I like singing.连用如等或与由引导的从句连用也可以表示过去某一段时间内经常或反复出现的动作句子中常带有等时间状语例在那家公司上班时我每天早晨都起得很早在过去的几年里每逢暑假她总是出去旅游二一般过去时的形式第一人称单数和数一律用肯定句否定句有吃喝进行简略回答一般疑问句行为动词行为动词一般过去时的概一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态常和表示过去的时间状语连用如等也可表示过去经常反复发生的动作常和等频率副词连词为实义动词的一般过去时的构成动词过去式的构成规则动词过去式的构成有四条规则一般在动词原形末尾直接加上如以不发音的字母结尾的动词去再加如末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节先双写这个辅音字母再加如末尾是辅音
