六年级小学英语阅读理解技巧与训练+专项训练练习题(含答案解析)_中学教育-中考.pdf
六年级小学英语阅读理解技巧与训练（一）、阅读理解一般分为故事幽默类、说明、科普类等。1 故事幽默类一般前面都在为幽默做铺垫，只有读到最后才能显现出幽默之出来。这类短文一般难度不大，认真阅读，仔细选择，问题都可以解决，如Write a Letter to Mary,A Dirty Boy,On the Bus 等2 小学的说明,科普类短文都十分浅显,只要具备一点科普常识都会读懂的,如,Time,the Spring Festival.等,即使文章较长,问题也十分明显，从文中都能找到答案.同学可动手做做下题：根据短文内容选择答案.1.Sam is very good at school,but he is not clean.His face and hands are often dirty.He washes them with water only.He does not use soap(肥皂).Sam has an uncle.One day his uncle goes to see him.He looks at him and says,“Sam,I knowwhat you ate for breakfast this morning.”“What?”Sam looks at his uncle and says.“Eggs”says his uncle,“Your face and mouth tell me that.”“You are wrong,uncle!”says Sam,“Not today or yesterday,but the day before yesterday(前天)!”()(1).Who is Sam?A.He is English.B.He is a student.C He is a young pioneer.D He is a teacher.()(2)What s the Chinese for“dirty”？A.It s“脏的“.B It s“干净的”C It s“坏的“D It s“好的”()(3)What s on Sam s face and mouth?A Eggs.B Soap C Water D Bread()(4)Which of these is not wrong?A Sam doesn t wash his face and hands every day.B.The uncle thinks the boy ate eggs last morning.C Sam doesn t like eggs at all.D.Sam doesn t know his uncle.（二）、解题时有以下几种方法：（1）略读法：关键是在能抓住文章要点的前提下以个人最快的速度阅读，获得足够的信息以便准确地回答有关文章主旨和大意的问题。要特别注意文章首尾两段，第一段往往点明文章主题或作者意图，而最后一段则常常总结归纳或重述文章的主要内容。要学会寻找文章段落的主题句，因为把每段主题句的意思综合起来实际上就是全文的中心思想，文章的主题句也可能出现在段落中间或结尾。（2）查阅法：考生可以不需要阅读整篇文章，而只需找出可能包含所需信息的部分，然后加以阅读就行。查阅法主要用于获得具体的信息，即谁、什么、什么时间、什么地点、什么原因以及如何发生等有关或者具体的数字。（3）同义互释法：在小学升学考试中有些深层理解或者判断推理的问题可以采用同义互释法。（4）判断推理法：有时4 个题项中不止一个可以作为答案项，这时就应该意识到该题是一个判断推理题。要根据文章的主旨和作者的意图，选择比较，去伪存真，选出切合文章主旨和作者意图的最佳答案。（三）、同学们在做阅读理解时应注意的问题有哪些？、弄清文章体裁，快速理解文章。对不同体裁的文章，要根据其体裁特点，运用不同的方法快速阅读，正确理解。记叙文一开始交待人物、时间、地点、事件，然后详细叙述原因。议论文中，作者先提论点，再加以分析，或举例论证，得出结论。说明文中，作者先提出说明对象，然后从时间、空间、用途、方法、步骤等不同侧面加以说明。、仔细研读首尾句，预测文中细节。小学升学考试英语文章往往隐去了标题，这给抓文章中心带来了困难。然而，英语的写作特点一般是按总-分-总这一思路来写的。因此，研读首、尾句，不但可以帮助考生抓住文章的内容，还可以揣测作者的态度、意图，从而进一步猜出作者着重要写的细节。、略读选答，带问阅读。做英语阅读理解题时，首先应浏览一遍所提问题及选项，然后带着这些问题有目的、有针对性地阅读文章。、联系生活常识，及早排除错误选项。阅读理解中四个选项，有时有一个或两个与常识或其他学科中所学的知识不相符。我们可先将其排队在阅读中对所剩下的选项进行筛选就容易多了。5、解题前要仔细通读全文，遇到难解的词组和句子不要急躁，尽量根据上下文悟出其义，解题时要 带着问题读查短文分析判断，整题解完后要认真复查。6、注意不要改变自己的阅读习惯。有的考生先看题目后看文章，有的先看文章再看题目，你平时怎么练，考试就怎么做。临时改变自己的习惯效果往往不好。其次，看清楚题目是概括中心型还是推理判断性。概括某一段的中心时注意这一段的首句和尾句；推理判断题要注意题目问的是作者的态度，不是你的态度。（四）、判断正误。对于阅读试题中的判断正误题，相对比较简单，但学生的出错率仍然较大，究其原因，学生不懂判断的方法，通常是读完试题之后，凭着自己对阅读文章的大致印象判断。事实上判断试题与选择、填空的做题方法基本一致，仍需找出试题中的关键词，带着关键词，在文中寻找所需信息，然后仔细判断是否与文中信息一致，如一致则正确，反之错误。试题：Mary is sick,Mother takes her to the doctor.首先在试题中寻找关键词：Mary，sick,Mother，doctor.带着这些关键词，在文章中寻找。由于这是阅读文章的第一个试题，所以我们将答案定位于文章的首段，文中：Mother says:“Mary,Lets go to the doctor for a check.”“Doctor?”says Mary,“I m not sick,Why do I need to see the doctor?”此题与文中not sick信息不一致，所以不正确。最后一题：The doctor gives Mary a shot,It does not hurt at all.由于是最后一题，信息基本在文章的末断，我们只需将信息定位于文章的末断或上一试题信息之后，同样带着关键词shot 寻找。文中 Mary takes a shot,It does not hurt much.试题中：not hurt at all与 not hurt much不相符，所以错误。二、阅读理解2阅读理解阅读理解Ted is a student.He is my best friend.He is busy at the weekend.He is going to wash his 默做铺垫只有读到最后才能显现出幽默之出来这类短文一般难度不大认真阅读仔细选择问题都可以解决如等小学的说明科普类短文都十分浅显只要具备一点科普常识都会读懂的如等即使文章较长问题也十分明显从文中都能找到答案在能住文章要点的前提下以个人最快的速度阅读获得足够的信息以便准确地回答有关文章主旨和大意的问题要特别注意文章首尾两段第一段往往点明文章主题或作者意图而最后一段则常常总结归纳或重述文章的主要内容要学会寻找中间或结尾查阅法考生可以不需要阅读整篇文章而只需找出可能包含所需信息的部分然后加以阅读就行查阅法主要用于获得具体的信息即谁什么什么时间什么地点什么原因以及如何发生等有关或者具体的数字同义互释法在小学升学clothes this Saturday morning.He is going to the bookstore this Saturday afternoon.He is going to the gym to play badminton this Sunday morning.He is going to learn Chinese this Sunday afternoon.He is going to play computer games this Sunday evening.（1）Ted and I are good _.（2）Where will Ted go on Saturday afternoon?（3）Can Ted play badminton?（4）Will Ted go to learn English this Sunday afternoon?（5）When will Ted play computer games?【答案】（1）friends（2）The bookstore.（3）Yes,he can.（4）No,he wont.（5）This Sunday evening.【考点】阅读理解【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了泰德周末的日常生活。（1）根据 Ted is a student.He is my best friend.可知泰德我是好朋友，friends朋友，故答案为 friends.（2）句意：泰德星期六下午去哪儿？根据He is going to the bookstore this Saturday afternoon.可知他这个星期六下午要去书店，故答案为 The bookstore.（3）句意：泰德会打羽毛球吗？根据 He is going to the gym to play badminton this Sunday morning.可知肯定回答，故答案为 Yes,he can.（4）句意：泰德这个星期天下午会去学英语吗？根据He is going to learn Chinese this Sunday afternoon.可知否定回答，故答案为 No,he wont.（5）句意：泰德什么时候玩电脑游戏？根据 He is going to play computer games this Sunday evening.可知他这个星期天晚上要玩电脑游戏，故答案为 This Sunday evening.【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，首先通读短文，理解大意；其次阅读题干，根据题干信息找出相关句，写出答语。3阅读理解阅读短文，判断下列句子与短文内容是否一致 Western people like to say Thank you when other people help them or say something kind to them.Please and Thank you are magic words that can show your good manners.You should say Thank you when someone passes you something.You should say Thank you too when someone walks ahead of you and keeps the door open for you.And also,when someone says you have done your work well,or you have bought a nice thing,or your city is very beautiful,you would say Thank you.The magic words are not only for your friends,but also for your family.Excuse me is another way to show your good manner.When you hear someone say Excuse me behind you,you will know somebody wants to pass by you without touching you.If some people are talking,its impolite to interrupt them.Youd better say the magic words first,and then begin talking.默做铺垫只有读到最后才能显现出幽默之出来这类短文一般难度不大认真阅读仔细选择问题都可以解决如等小学的说明科普类短文都十分浅显只要具备一点科普常识都会读懂的如等即使文章较长问题也十分明显从文中都能找到答案在能住文章要点的前提下以个人最快的速度阅读获得足够的信息以便准确地回答有关文章主旨和大意的问题要特别注意文章首尾两段第一段往往点明文章主题或作者意图而最后一段则常常总结归纳或重述文章的主要内容要学会寻找中间或结尾查阅法考生可以不需要阅读整篇文章而只需找出可能包含所需信息的部分然后加以阅读就行查阅法主要用于获得具体的信息即谁什么什么时间什么地点什么原因以及如何发生等有关或者具体的数字同义互释法在小学升学 Lets say more about these magic words Thank you please and Excuse me in our life.（1）Western people like to say Thank you when other people help them or say something kind to them.（2）Please and Thank you are magic words that can show your good manners.（3）Excuse me is another way to show your good manner.（4）If some people are talking,you can interrupt them.（5）Lets say more about these magic words Thank you please and Excuse me in our life.【答案】（1）1（2）1（3）1（4）0（5）1 【考点】阅读理解【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了西方人礼貌用语和行为。（1）句意：西方人喜欢在别人帮助他们或对他们说好话时说“谢谢你”。根据Western people like to say Thank you when other people help them or say something kind to them.可知西方人喜欢在别人帮助他们或对他们说好话时说“谢谢你”。，故答案为正确。（2）句意：“拜托”和“谢谢”是能显示你礼貌的神奇词语。根据 Please and Thank you are magic words that can show your good manners.可知拜托”和“谢谢”是能显示你礼貌的神奇词语。故答案为正确。（3）句意：“对不起”是另一种表现你良好举止的方式。根据 Excuse me is another way to show your good manner.可知“对不起”，是另一种表现你良好举止的方式。故答案为正确。（4）句意：如果有人在说话，你可以打断他们。根据If some people are talking,its impolite to interrupt them.可知如果有人在说话，打断他们是不礼貌的，故答案为错误。（5）句意：让我们多说一些生活中的“谢谢你”、“请”和“对不起”这两个神奇的词。根据 Lets say more about these magic words Thank you please and Excuse me in our life.可知让我们多说一些生活中的“谢谢你”、“请”和“对不起”这两个神奇的词，故答案为正确。【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，先翻译短文，然后根据短文内容，判断句子正确或错误。4阅读理解读短文，判断下列句子与短文内容是否一致Hi,Xiaoling,Thanks so much for inviting me to visit you in China I cant wait to see you.I am very excited to stay with your family.But I cant speak Chinese at all.Please teach me.I know China is very big.And the Chinese food is very famous.I cant wait to try all the delicious food.And there is a lot of natural beauty in China.I really want to see the beautiful lakes and waterfalls in China.I finally got my passport last Monday and I booked my plane ticket yesterday.I will arrive at Baiyun Airport on July 10th.The plane lands at 2:00 pm.Im so excited.See you then,Janet.（1）Xiaoling wrote this letter.默做铺垫只有读到最后才能显现出幽默之出来这类短文一般难度不大认真阅读仔细选择问题都可以解决如等小学的说明科普类短文都十分浅显只要具备一点科普常识都会读懂的如等即使文章较长问题也十分明显从文中都能找到答案在能住文章要点的前提下以个人最快的速度阅读获得足够的信息以便准确地回答有关文章主旨和大意的问题要特别注意文章首尾两段第一段往往点明文章主题或作者意图而最后一段则常常总结归纳或重述文章的主要内容要学会寻找中间或结尾查阅法考生可以不需要阅读整篇文章而只需找出可能包含所需信息的部分然后加以阅读就行查阅法主要用于获得具体的信息即谁什么什么时间什么地点什么原因以及如何发生等有关或者具体的数字同义互释法在小学升学（2）Xiaoling invited Janet to visit her in China.（3）Janet cant speak Chinese at all.（4）Chinese food is very famous.（5）Janet cant wait to try all the delicious food in China.【答案】（1）0（2）1（3）1（4）1（5）1 【考点】阅读理解【解析】【分析】大意：这是珍妮特写给小玲的信件，她想要来中国旅游，她不会说中文，但她想尝尝所有美味的食物，想看中国美丽的湖泊和瀑布，她已经拿到护照，订了机票，将于 7 月 10 日到达白云机场，飞机下午2 点降落。（1）句意：小玲写了这封信。根据 See you then,Janet.可知珍妮特写了这封信，故答案为错误。（2）句意：小玲邀请珍妮特到中国访问。根据 Thanks so much for inviting me to visit you in China I cant wait to see you.可知小玲邀请珍妮特到中国访问，故答案为正确。（3）句意：珍妮特根本不会说中文。根据 But I cant speak Chinese at all.可知珍妮特根本不会说中文，故答案为正确。（4）句意：中国菜很有名。根据 And the Chinese food is very famous.可知中国菜很有名，故答案为正确。（5）句意：珍妮特迫不及待地想尝尝所有的美味佳肴。根据I cant wait to try all the delicious food.可知珍妮特迫不及待地想尝尝所有的美味佳肴，故答案为正确。【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，先翻译短文，然后根据短文内容，判断句子正确或错误。5阅读理解阅读理解 What do you like eating for dinner?Do you like meat?Do you like vegetables?Do you like fruit or dessert（甜点）after dinner?We ask 55 students these questions.They are from a school in，Xiamen.Here are the results（结果）.（1）There are boys answering the questions.默做铺垫只有读到最后才能显现出幽默之出来这类短文一般难度不大认真阅读仔细选择问题都可以解决如等小学的说明科普类短文都十分浅显只要具备一点科普常识都会读懂的如等即使文章较长问题也十分明显从文中都能找到答案在能住文章要点的前提下以个人最快的速度阅读获得足够的信息以便准确地回答有关文章主旨和大意的问题要特别注意文章首尾两段第一段往往点明文章主题或作者意图而最后一段则常常总结归纳或重述文章的主要内容要学会寻找中间或结尾查阅法考生可以不需要阅读整篇文章而只需找出可能包含所需信息的部分然后加以阅读就行查阅法主要用于获得具体的信息即谁什么什么时间什么地点什么原因以及如何发生等有关或者具体的数字同义互释法在小学升学A.55 B.30 C.25（2）All the students cat for dinner.A.meat B.vegelables C.fruit（3）Who likes dessert more?A.Boys.B.Girls.C.Teachers.（4）How many boys like eating fruit?A.Five.B.Ten.C.Fifteen.（5）Which one is TRCE?A.All the girls like fruit and dessert very much.B.Most boys love vegetables and fruit.C.The boys have the same eating habits as the girls.【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）B（4）C（5）A 【考点】阅读理解【解析】【分析】大意：短文和表格是，来自厦门的一所学校55 名学生对的晚餐的肉，蔬菜，水果和饭后甜点的调查结果。（1）句意：有男生回答问题。根据表格可知有30 个男生回答问题，故答案为B.（2）句意：所有学生都在吃饭。根据表格可知所有学生都在吃饭，故答案为A.（3）句意：谁更喜欢甜点？根据表格可知女孩更喜欢甜点，故答案为B.（4）句意：有多少男孩喜欢吃水果？根据表格可知15 个男孩喜欢吃水果，故答案为C.（5）句意：哪一个是正确的？根据表格可知所有的女孩都非常喜欢肉，水果和甜点，故答案为 A.【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，首先通读短文，理解大意；其次阅读题干，根据题干信息找出相关句进行选择。6阅读理解阅读理解，判断句子正误Hi.My name is Zhangpeng.Im 11 years old.Im 1.62 metres tall.Im 45 kilo-grams.I like drawing pictures.Every morning,I go to school with my good friend,Dongdong.We go on foot.Dongdong is 11 years old.Hes 2 kilograms heavier than me.But Im 3 cm taller than him.We study in No.1 Primary School.Wenwen is my sister.Were in the same(一样)school.Shes one year older than me.She likes sports.She is taller and stronger than me.She loves me and I love her,too.（1）Zhang Peng is 1.62 metres.（2）Zhang Peng is older than Dongdong.（3）Dongdong is 2 kilograms heavier than Zhang Peng.（4）Wenwen is 2 years older than Dongdong.默做铺垫只有读到最后才能显现出幽默之出来这类短文一般难度不大认真阅读仔细选择问题都可以解决如等小学的说明科普类短文都十分浅显只要具备一点科普常识都会读懂的如等即使文章较长问题也十分明显从文中都能找到答案在能住文章要点的前提下以个人最快的速度阅读获得足够的信息以便准确地回答有关文章主旨和大意的问题要特别注意文章首尾两段第一段往往点明文章主题或作者意图而最后一段则常常总结归纳或重述文章的主要内容要学会寻找中间或结尾查阅法考生可以不需要阅读整篇文章而只需找出可能包含所需信息的部分然后加以阅读就行查阅法主要用于获得具体的信息即谁什么什么时间什么地点什么原因以及如何发生等有关或者具体的数字同义互释法在小学升学（5）Wenwen is stronger and taller than Zhang Peng.【答案】（1）1（2）0（3）1（4）0（5）1 【考点】阅读理解【解析】【分析】这是一篇介绍张鹏，东东和雯雯情况的短文。（1）句意：张鹏1.62 米高。根据短文叙述Im 1.62 metres tall.（我 1.62 米高。）可知题目叙述正确。故答案为：正确。（2）句意：张鹏比东东年龄大。根据短文叙述Im 11 years old.（我11岁了。）和Dongdong is 11 years old.（东东 11 岁了。）可知两人同岁。题目叙述错误。故答案为：错误。（3）句意：东东比张鹏重2 公斤。根据短文叙述Hes 2 kilograms heavier than me.（他比我重 2 公斤。）可知题目叙述正确。故答案为：正确。（4）句意：雯雯比东东大2 岁。根据短文叙述Im 11 years old.（我11 岁了。）和Dongdong is 11 years old.（东东 11 岁了。）和Shes one year older than me.（她比我大 1 岁。）可知大一岁。题目叙述错误。故答案为：错误。（5）句意：雯雯比张鹏既壮又高。根据短文叙述She is taller and stronger than me.（她比我既壮又高。）可知题目叙述正确。故答案为：正确。【点评】这是考查阅读理解的题目。首先仔细阅读短文，然后根据短文叙述来判断正误。7阅读理解阅读短文，补全句子。I had a great holiday.Every day I had fun with my friends.On Monday we went to a Western restaurant.We ate good food.On Tuesday we sang and danced in the park.On Wednesday we swam in the sea.On Thursday we climbed a mountain with Peter.（1）On Monday we went to _and ate _.（2）On Tuesday we _ and _ in the _.（3）On Wednesday we_.（4）On Thursday we _ with Peter.【答案】（1）a Western restaurant；ate good food（2）sang；danced；park（3）swam in the sea（4）climbed a mountain 【考点】阅读理解【解析】【分析】这是介绍作者假期活动的短文。（1）根据短文叙述On Monday we went to a Western restaurant.We ate good food.（周一我们去了一家西餐厅。我们吃了美食。）可知应填a Western restaurant和ate good food。故答案为：a Western restaurant，ate good food。默做铺垫只有读到最后才能显现出幽默之出来这类短文一般难度不大认真阅读仔细选择问题都可以解决如等小学的说明科普类短文都十分浅显只要具备一点科普常识都会读懂的如等即使文章较长问题也十分明显从文中都能找到答案在能住文章要点的前提下以个人最快的速度阅读获得足够的信息以便准确地回答有关文章主旨和大意的问题要特别注意文章首尾两段第一段往往点明文章主题或作者意图而最后一段则常常总结归纳或重述文章的主要内容要学会寻找中间或结尾查阅法考生可以不需要阅读整篇文章而只需找出可能包含所需信息的部分然后加以阅读就行查阅法主要用于获得具体的信息即谁什么什么时间什么地点什么原因以及如何发生等有关或者具体的数字同义互释法在小学升学（2）根据短文叙述On Tuesday we sang and danced in the park.（周二我们在公园里唱歌跳舞。）可知应填sang，danced和 park。故答案为：sang，danced，park。（3）根据短文叙述On Wednesday we swam in the sea.（周三我们在大海里游泳。）可知应填 swam in the sea。故答案为：swam in the sea。（4）根据短文叙述On Thursday we climbed a mountain with Peter.（周四我们和Peter一起爬山。）可知应填climbed a mountain。故答案为：climbed a mountain。【点评】这是考查阅读理解的题目。仔细阅读短文，然后根据短文的相关句子补全句子。8阅读理解阅读理解 Mrs.Jenkins is now in a big shop.She is going to buy a coat.She is standing at the counter(角落).She is waiting for（等候）the woman in the shop.A fat woman is standing near her.She is looking at Mrs.Jenkins.Excuse me?Yes?says Mrs.Jenkins.The fat woman says,Can you help me?I want a coat.Mrs.Jenkins says,Im sorry.I cant help you.Of course(当然)you can help me.Thats your work.Mrs.Jenkins answers,Its not my work.I want a coat,too.I am a buyer(顾客).Im not the one in the shop.（1）Mrs.Jenkins goes to_.A.look at the shop windowB.see her friend in the shopC.do some shopping(买东西)（2）Who is standing at the counter?A.Mrs.Jenkins.B.A fat woman.C.The woman in the shop.（3）The fat woman _.A.knows Mrs.JenkinsB.doesnt know Mrs.JenkinsC.wants to talk(谈话)to Mrs.Jenkins（4）The fat woman thinks(认为)_.A.Mrs.Jenkins is a worker（工人）in the shopB.Mrs.Jenkins is a nice womanC.Mrs.Jenkins is unhappy(不高兴)to help her（5）who is the boss(老板)in the shop?A.Mrs.Jenkins.B.A fat woman.C.Sorry,we dont know.【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）B（4）A（5）C 【考点】阅读理解【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了詹金斯太太在商店里想买件外套，一个胖女人认为詹金斯太太是商店的工人，让她帮忙。（1）根据 Mrs.Jenkins is now in a big shop.She is going to buy a coat.可知詹金斯太太去买东默做铺垫只有读到最后才能显现出幽默之出来这类短文一般难度不大认真阅读仔细选择问题都可以解决如等小学的说明科普类短文都十分浅显只要具备一点科普常识都会读懂的如等即使文章较长问题也十分明显从文中都能找到答案在能住文章要点的前提下以个人最快的速度阅读获得足够的信息以便准确地回答有关文章主旨和大意的问题要特别注意文章首尾两段第一段往往点明文章主题或作者意图而最后一段则常常总结归纳或重述文章的主要内容要学会寻找中间或结尾查阅法考生可以不需要阅读整篇文章而只需找出可能包含所需信息的部分然后加以阅读就行查阅法主要用于获得具体的信息即谁什么什么时间什么地点什么原因以及如何发生等有关或者具体的数字同义互释法在小学升学西。故答案为C.（2）根据 Mrs.Jenkins is now in a big shop.She is going to buy a coat.She is standing at the counter.可知詹金斯太太站在柜台前，故答案为A.（3）通读短文，可知胖女人不认识詹金斯太太，故答案为B.（4）根据 The fat woman says,Can you help me?I want a coat.可知胖女人认为詹金斯太太是这家商店的工人，故答案为A.（5）通读短文，可知詹金斯太太和胖女人都不是商店的老板，没有提到老板，与选项C对不起，我们不知道。相匹配，故答案为C.【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，首先通读短文，理解大意；其次阅读题干，根据题干信息找出相关句进行选择。9阅读理解阅读短文，选择正确答案。It is March 12th.Its Tree Planting Day.There are many people on the hills.Theyre planting trees.People plant many trees today.Plants are important to us.They can make food from the air,water and sunlight.But animals and people cant do so.Animals and people can get food from plants.Without plants,life will not go on,Plants make the air clean,they can keep water from flowing away(流失).They can stop wind from blowing up sand and earth.But in some places people are cutting down too many trees.This brings floods(洪水)and sandstorm(沙暴).Now more and more people know that plants are important.They will plant more trees and grow mo
