2022-2023学年山东省济南市章丘第四中学高一上学期期末英语试题（解析版）.docx

山东省章丘四中2022-2023学年度高一英语期末考试卷考试时间：120分钟；注意事项：1 .答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息2 .请将答案正确填写在答题卡上第I卷（选择题）一、听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题;每小题L5分,满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. How much will the woman pay if she buys two skirts?A. $18. B.$19. C. $20.2. What will the speakers discuss first?A. A report.B A computer.C. A pop.3. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A A child.B. A room.C. A present.4. What can we learn about the woman?A. She is angry with the man.B. She doesn't like her roommate.C. She is rather quiet.5. Where are the two speakers now?A. On the first floor.B. On the fourth floor.C. On the fifth floor.people learn about how first aid can save lives. It was introduced in the year 2000 by the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) and has been celebrated each year ever since. Around 100 Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies organize ceremonies and events on this day every year. The theme this year is “First Response to Road Crashes to focus on the importance of giving first aid to save the lives of people involved in road traffic accidents.Worldwide, about 2 million people are killed and 50 million are injured in road crashes each year; road accidents are the primary reason for death among young people aged 15 to 29, given that 49% of deaths are pedestrians (行人). For motorcyclists, wearing a motorcycle helmet can reduce the risk of death in the event of a crash (by up to 40% ) and the chance of a serious injury (by up to 70% ). Seat belts reduce the risk of death by 45% to 50% for front-seat passengers and up to 75% for rear-seat passengers. Lack of oxygen (or hypoxia) is one of the most common causes of death among traffic accident victims. Road accidents right now rank as the 9th leading cause of death and are expected to climb up to the 7th position by 2030.To respond to the theme of “First Response to Road Crashes"，the IFRC has a toolkit (软件包)on their website that consists of an interactive quiz, posters, and learning material on first aid in response to a road crash. The learning material lists the “Top 10 Prevention / Simple Actions to help avoid a car crash and the "Top 10 Action / First Aid actions in case of the road accident”. The interactive quiz evaluates (评估)your behaviour on the road.It is vital that everyone follows simple rules like respecting other people and traffic regulations, fastening seat belts, wearing helmets and high-visibility protective clothing. All these can prevent road crashes. For more information please click here.12. What can we know about World First Aid Day?A. It was founded by IFRC.B. It has a history of 30 years.C. It is celebrated on the same day each year.D. It mainly aims to reduce the traffic accidents.13. What does the second paragraph mainly talk about?A. Some advice on safe driving.B. Danger of breaking traffic rules.C. Some facts about road accidents.D. First-aid tips for road crashes.14. What can you do with the toolkit?B. Finish a quiz to win awards.D. Test your knowledge of first aid.A. Assess your car conditions. C. Design posters about first aid. 15. Where does the text most probably appear?B. On the Internet.A. In a newspaper.C. In a magazine.D. In a textbook.【答案】12.A13. C 14. D 15. B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界急救日的相关情况。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第二句 "It was introduced in the year 2000 by the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies （IFRC） and has been celebrated each year ever since.（它于 2000 年由红十字会与红新 月会国际联合会（IFRC）推出，此后每年都会举行庆祝活动）”可知，世界急救日是由红十字会与红新月会 国际联合会创立的。故选A。【13题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段中的 u Worldwide, about 2 million people are killed and 50 million are injured in road crashes each year; road accidents are the primary reason for death among young people aged 15 to 29, given that 49% of deaths are pedestrians （行人）.（全世界每年约有200万人死于车祸，5000万人受伤；道路事故是15至29岁 年轻人死亡的主要原因，因为49%的死亡是行人）”及下文中介绍每年道路交通事故造成的伤亡，降低死亡 率的安全措施等可知，本段介绍了有关道路交通事故的一些事实。故选C。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“To respond to the theme of "First Response to Road Crashes”, the IFRC has a toolkit （软件包）on their website that consists of an interactive quiz, posters, and learning material on first aid in response to a road crash.（为了响应“对道路交通事故的第一反应”这一主题，红十字与红新月联会在其网站上设置了一 个软件包，包括一个互动测验、海报和关于道路交通事故急救的学习材料）”可知，软件包可以帮助检测你 在急救方面的知识。故选D。【15题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段最后一句"Formoreinformationpleaseclickhere.（有关更多信息, 请单击此处）”可推知，文本很可能出现在互联网上。故选B。三、七选五（共5题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）What is the best sleep position for your health?It's difficult to control what sleeping position we naturally fall into, as our body will subconsciously fall into the most comfortable position for us. However, some positions are better for you than others and some could hold back your health and wellbeing. 16If you sleep on your sideMore than 60 per cent of people sleep on their side. Often our body naturally moves to this position, which is linked to when we were in the womb in the foetal （胎儿的）position. 17 It offers a number of benefits to your body, from promoting healthy spine alignment （脊椎对齐）which can help to prevent back pain to reducing heartburn and snoring （打鼾）.If you sleep on your backLying on your back is the second most popular sleeping position and offers just as many benefits as side sleeping. When you're sleeping on your back, it's easy to keep alignment and to also evenly distribute your weight.18If you sleep on your stomachSleeping on your stomach is the least common sleeping position. 19 And those who sleep on their stomach could put themselves at risk of a less restful night's sleep. The stomach offers the least amount of back support and can increase pressure on the spine which may cause pain once you wake up.20 You should consider various factors such as if you snore or suffer sleep problems, or if you often have back and neck pain. Side sleeping has been noted as the best position for the body, so this is probably one to try and get into the habit of trying, but again, it all depends on you.A. This also helps to prevent any neck and back pain.B. Sleeping on your side is probably the best position.C. Side sleeping would be particularly beneficial for older people.D. There are more negatives to this position compared to positives.E. Determining the sleeping position for you is personal preference.F. Here, this article reveals exactly how your sleep position is affecting your health.G. This is mostly likely because it is one of the most comfortable sleeping positions.【答案】16.F17. B 18. A 19. D 20. E【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了儿种睡姿对人健康的影响。【16题详解】由下文小标题“If you sle叩on your side（如果你侧卧着睡觉）”，“If you sleep on your back（如果你仰卧着睡觉）” 和“If you sle叩on your stomach（如果你趴着睡觉）”可知，后文作者就不同睡觉姿势进行了分析。而F项Here, this article reveals exactly how your sleep position is affecting your health.（在这里，这篇文章揭示了你的睡眠姿 势是如何影响你的健康的。）符合语境，有启下作用，其中sleep position和下文小标题。故选F项。【17题详解】由下文“It offers a number of benefits to your body, from promoting healthy spine alignment （脊椎对齐）which can help to prevent back pain to reducing heartburn and snoring （打鼾）.（它给你的身体带来了很多好处，从促进健康 的脊椎对齐，有助于防止背痛，到减少胃灼热和打鼾。）”可知，侧睡有很多好处，而B项Sleeping on your side is probably the best position.（侧卧可能是最好的姿势。）符合语境，其中Sleeping on your side与小标题If you sleep on your side 对应，the best position 和后文 a number of benefits 对应。故选 B 项。【18题详解】由上文 “When you're sleeping on your back, iVs easy to keep alignment and to also evenly distribute your weighty当你仰卧着睡觉时，很容易保持身体匀称，也很容易均匀地分配体重。）”可知，这里讲仰卧着睡觉 的一个好处，而A项This also helps to prevent any neck and back pain.（这也有助于防止任何颈部和背部疼痛。） 符合语境，This代指前面sleeping on your back, also表明这里接着上面讲卧着睡觉的另一个好处，有承上 作用。故选A项。【19题详解】由下文 “And those who sleep on their stomach could put themselves at risk of a less restful night's sleep.（而aH 些 趴着睡觉的人可能会让自己晚上睡得不安稳。）”可知，这里讲趴着睡觉的坏处，而D项There are more negatives to this position compared to positives.（与积极因素相比，这一睡觉方式的消极因素更多。）符合语境， 其中negatives和下文举例内容对应，有启下作用。故选D项。【20题详解】由后文 “You should consider various factors such as if you snore or suffer sleep problems, or if you often have back and neck pain. Side sleeping has been noted as the best position for the body, so this is probably one to try and get into the habit of trying, but again, it all Spends on you.（你应该考虑各种因素，比如你是否打鼾或有睡眠问 题，或者你是否经常背部和颈部疼痛。侧睡被认为是对身体最好的姿势，所以这可能是一种尝试并养成尝 试的习惯，但这一切都取决于你。）”可知，作者建议读者根据自身情况决定睡姿。而E项Determining the sleeping position for you is personal preference.（确定你的睡姿是个人喜好。）符合语境，其中 Determining the sleeping position 和后文 it all expends on you 对应。故选 E 项。四、完形填空（共15题;每小题1分，满分15分）Many poor children in Africa struggle on tuition for an education. However, a new school has been asking their pupils to pay for classes with 21.Every week, students 22 the Akshar School are required to line up and "pay" fbr their classes using grocery bags 23 at least 25 pieces of plastic waste they 24 from around their homes and communities.Parmita and Mazin, the couple 25 for the new school, were 26 to launch the campaign after witnessing their students being forced to 27 the acrid smell of burning plastic. That's 28 before the school was opened in 2016, local families and communities 29 burned plastic waste as a means of keeping warm and fueling fires.Now, the plastic is being collected and recycled at the school's own recycling center. The school 30the trash into Ecobricks by compressing (压缩)about 40 pieces of garbage into a(n)3J plastic bottle.Furthermore, the schooPs older students can work part-time at the center as an additional source of 32.Now the school owns over 100 students 33 the ages of 4 and 15. Since the schoofs 34curriculum has attracted more and more 35 to enroll, the couple plan on opening another 100 schoolsover the next five years.21. A. working hoursB. farm productsC. plastic wasteD. burned trash22. A. leavingB. attendingC. finishingD. damaging23. A. taking inB. spreading outC. attached toD. filled with24. A. collectedB. borrowedC. exploredD. counted25. A. anxiousB. gratefulC. responsibleD. qualified26. A. changedB. inspiredC. prohibitedD. recommended27. A. standB. enjoyC. observeD. control28. A. as ifB. althoughC. becauseD. in case29. A. consequentlyB. obviouslyC. eventuallyD. commonly30. A. buriesB. removesC. throwsD. recycles31. A. singleB. straightC. largeD. twisted32. A. incomeB. creditsC. scoresD. trash33. A. ofB. atC. betweenD. from34. A. efficientB. creativeC. skillfulD. respected35. A. teachersB. beggarsC. partnersD. students【答案】2LC22. B 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. D 31.A 32, A 33. C 34. B 35. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。一对夫妇开了一所学校，让学生用捡来的塑料废品来抵消学费，从而为保护 环境作出了贡献。21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，一所新学校要求学生用塑料垃圾支付学费。A. working hours工作时间；B. farm products 农产品；C. plastic waste 塑料废物；D. burned trash 焚烧垃圾。根据 "and “pay" for their classes using grocery bags 3 at least 25 pieces of plastic waste ”可知，学生可以通过捡塑料废品并将其上交这种方式来支付学费。故选C。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每周，阿克沙尔学校的学生都被要求排队，用购物袋“支付”学费，购物袋里 至少有25块塑料垃圾，这些塑料垃圾是他们从家里和社区周围收集来的。A. leaving离开;B. attending上（学）， 出席；C. finishing完成;D.damaging损害。根据“the Akshar School”可知，来学校上学的学生都排着队, 用捡来的塑料废品“支付”学费。故选B。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每周，阿克沙尔学校的学生都被要求排队，用购物袋“支付”学费，购物袋里 至少有25块塑料垃圾，这些塑料垃圾是他们从家里和社区周围收集来的。A. taking in吸收；B. spreading out 传播开；C. attached to 附在上；D. filled with 装满。根据 "at least 25 pieces of plastic waste"” 可知，袋子里装满了塑料废品。故选D。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每周，阿克沙尔学校的学生都被要求排队，用购物袋“支付”学费，购物袋里 至少有25块塑料垃圾，这些塑料垃圾是他们从家里和社区周围收集来的。A. collected收集；B.borrowed借 来；C. explored 探索；D. counted 计算。根据 ufrom around their homes and communities.可知，学生应从家 和社区周边收集至少25份塑料废品。故选A。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：负责这所新学校的帕尔米塔和马辛夫妇，在目睹了他们的学生被迫忍受塑料 燃烧的刺鼻气味后，受到启发，发起了这项活动。A. anxious焦急的；B. grateful感激的；C.responsible负 责的，有责任的；D. qualified 有资格的。根据 “were 6 to launch the campaign after witnessing theirstudents being forced to 7 the acrid smell of burning plastic.v可知，这所学校是由一对夫妇负责的。故选C。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：负责这所新学校的帕尔米塔和马辛夫妇，在目睹了他们的学生被迫忍受塑料燃 烧的刺鼻气味后，受到启发，发起了这项活动。A. changed改变；B.inspired启发；C.prohibited禁止；D. recommended 建议。 根据 u after witnessing their students being forced to 7 the acrid smell of burningplastic.”可知，这对夫妇在目睹了学生被迫闻烧焦塑料的刺鼻气味后受到启发，想建立一个用塑料垃圾支 付学费的学校。故选B。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：负责这所新学校的帕尔米塔和马辛夫妇，在目睹了他们的学生被迫忍受塑料燃 烧的刺鼻气味后，受到启发，发起了这项活动。A. stand忍受；B. enjoy喜欢；C.observe观察；D. control 控制。根据“the acrid smell of burning plastic.”可知，孩子们要忍受焚烧塑料所带来的刺鼻气味。故选A。【28题详解】考查连词（短语）词义辨析。句意：这是因为在这所学校2016年开学之前，当地家庭和社区通常焚烧塑料 垃圾作为取暖和生火的手段。A.asif好像；B. although尽管；C.because因为；D. incase以防。根据“and communities 9 burned plastic waste as a means of keeping warm and fueling fires. ” 可矢口， 学生被迫闻刺鼻气味是因为当地住户常常通过焚烧塑料废品来取暖生火。故选Co【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这是因为在这所学校2016年开学之前，当地家庭和社区通常焚烧塑料垃圾作为 取暖和生火的手段。A. consequently因此；B. obviously显然；C. eventually最终；D. commonly通常地。根 据 “burned plastic waste as a means of keeping warm and fueling fires.” 可知，这是因为当地住户常常通过焚烧 塑料废品来取暖生火。故选D。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：学校将大约40块垃圾压缩到一个塑料瓶中，将垃圾回收成生态砖。A.buries埋 葬；B. removes 消除；C. throws 扔；D. recycles 回收。根据 “ Now, the plastic is being collected and recycled at the schooPs own recycling center.可知，学校收集完学生带来的垃圾后，再把垃圾进行处理回收。故选D。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:学校将大约40块垃圾压缩到一个塑料瓶中，将垃圾回收成生态砖。A. single单一 ；B. straight 直的；C. large 大的；D. twisted 扭曲的。根据"The school 10 the trash into Ecobricksby compressing （压缩）about 40 pieces of garbage”可知，在被加工的塑料废品中，每40份废品可以做成一 个塑料瓶。故选A。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：此外，学校的高年级学生可以在该中心做兼职工作，作为额外的收入来源。A. income 收入；B. credits 信用；C. scores 得分；D. trash 废物。根据 "Furthermore, the school's older students can work part-time at the center"可知，年纪大些的学生可以在可回收中心做兼职赚钱，将此作为额外收入。故 选Ao【33题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：现在学校有100多名4到15岁的学生。A.of关于；B.at在；C.between在 之间；D. from来自。betweenand为固定用法，意为“在和之间”。根据“Now the school owns over100 students"可知，此处指现在这所学校有100多名学生，学生的年龄在4岁到15岁之间。故选C。 【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于学校的创新课程吸引了越来越多的学生入学，这对夫妇计划在未来五年 内再开设1。0所学校。A. efficient效率高的；B.creative创新的；C.skillful熟练的；D. respected尊敬的。根 据语境可知，学校有很多创新课程。故选B。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于学校的创新课程吸引了越来越多的学生入学，这对夫妇计划在未来五年内 再开设 100 所学校。A. teachers 老师；B. beggars 乞丐；C. partners 父母；D. students 学生。根据"Since the schooPs14 curriculum has attracted more可知，学校的创新课程吸引着越来越多的学生。故选D。五、语法填空(共10题;每小题2分，满分20分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。In the heart of modern Beijing is the Forbidden City. It served as the political center of ancient China between 1420 and 1912 and now it is 36 world famous museum.The Forbidden City 37 (build) by Emperor Yongle, the third Ming ruler, 38 moved the capital from Nanjing to Beijng in 1403. Sources say it took a million 39 (worker) to build it between 1406 and 1420. Legend has it that the Forbidden City was redesigned to have 9, 9991/2 rooms. Half a room is missing to avoid 40 (upset) the God of Heaven. The maincolors of the Forbidden City are yellow and red. The walls, doors, and windows were 41 (most) painted in red, a symbol of 42 (happy) in Chinese culture.The English name "Forbidde