2022-2023学年天津市宁河区芦台第一中学高三上学期1月期末英语试题Word版含解析.docx

天津市宁河区芦台第一中学2022-2023学年上学期期末检测高三英语试卷本试卷分第一卷（选择题）、第二卷（非选择题）两部分，共150分，考试时间120分钟。第I卷选择题（共115分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分20分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅 读下一小题。第一节听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出 最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小 题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1 . Who might the woman be?A. An inten iewer B.A traveller. C. A programmer.2 .Why is the man late?A. He overslept. B. His car broke down. C. He had no alarm clocks.3 .How does the woman probably feel?A. Disappointed. B. Excited. C. Calm.4 .Where did the speakers plan to go tonight?A. The cafe. B. The office. C. The cinema.5 . When will the boy's father probably arrive?A. At 2:55 p.m. B. At 3:05 p.m. C. At 3:10 p.m.第二节（共10小题；每小题L5分,满分15分）听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听 完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8小题。6 . What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Friends. B. Employer and employee. C. Husband and wife. 7.When does the man probably get to the bus stop【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. secretly秘密的；B. politely礼貌地；C.rudely粗鲁地；D. clearly清楚地。 根据下文insulting me可知，这位父亲和作者粗鲁地交谈。故选C。26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说他的孩子想要成为主角。A. person个人；B. character角色；C. hero英雄： D. leader 领导。根据上文 we had won first place in the fonner play competition 可知,这个小组表演戏剧，因 此应该是想要成为主角。故选儿【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为我知道比赛会很艰难，以至于我必须选择最好的真正表演的好的学生。A. select 选择；B. attract 吸引； C. find 发现；D. recommend 推荐。根据上文 I was responsible fbr selecting the members."I知，作者的戏剧小组在选择成员。故选A。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：周围的每个人都对我发脾气。A. satisfied满足的；B. friendly友好的；C. strict 严厉的：D. cross 坏脾气的；易怒的。根据卜文"Oh! Don't show off. Do you really think you are 14?"可知，周围的人对作者发脾气。be cross with "生气；发脾气”。故选D。【29题详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：你真的认为你是大人物？ A. nobody小人物；无足轻重的人；B. anybody （口语） 重要的人：有声名的人；平常人；C. somebody大人物；重要的人物；D. everybody所有人。根据上文Oh!Don，t show。任可推断，此处是斥责作者，你真的认为自己是大人物。故选C。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那是我听到的，这让我真的烦恼，我甚至考虑退出这个小组。A. improving提高； B. quitting 辞退;离开；C. developing 发展；D. managing 管理。根据上文 this made me really upset 可知，作 者很烦恼，甚至考虑退出小组。故选B。31题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：即使我们批评我，我们大家继续练习。A. went on 继续；B. ended up 结束：最终成为；C. aimed at以为目标：D. got at得到。根据Even though they all criticized me可知，上卜.文是让步关系，因此推断尽管他们都批评作者，但是作者他们继续在练习。故选A。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们都把我们的角色做得很好。A. goals目标；B. tasks任务；C. jobs工作；D. roles 角色。根据语境可知，作者这个小组要表演戏剧，因此他们都努力做好了自己的角色。故选D。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：戏剧表演后每个人都祝贺我们。A. helped 帮助；B. congratulated祝贺；C. liked 喜欢;D. cared关心。根据上文.Our play became the center of attraction.可知，作者的戏剧成T焦点，因此大 家都祝贺他们。故选B。34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，两天后,结果被宣布，我们组得了第一。A. wished希望；B. missed错过； C. bagged 得分；D. desired 要求。根据上文.Our play became the center of attraction.可推断,作者的小组得了 第一。故选C。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，总的来说，为了获得成功，有时我们必须不客气地说话，或者我们可能 与每个人分开，但结果将有利于我们所有人。A. success成功;B. opportunity机会;C. respect尊重；D. reputation 声望。此处是对全文的总结。作者通过这段经历感悟到，为了获得成功，有时候需要讲话不礼貌，或者可 能与众人分离，但是是结果对大家都好。故选A。【点睛】形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索” 的原则来查找信息。例如第19小题，考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，两天后，结果被宣布，我们组得了 第一。A. wished 希望；B. missed 错过;C. bagged 得分;D. desired 要求。根据上文.Our play became the center of attraction.可推断，作者的小组得了第一。故选C。第三部分阅读理解（共20小题：每小题2.5分，满分50分）ARISE is an exciting project designed and led by young people, fbr young people Created by St JohnAmbulance, the nation's leading first aid charity, the project is now available in communities across the country. If you're aged between 16 and 25 years old, and are not in employment, education or training, RISE could help you learn new skills, and improve your prospects.What you'll learnSt John Ambulance believes that everyone should have access to first aid, and we are devoted to equipping as many people as possible with the skills to be the difference between life and death. As a participant, you'll learn first aid through our Stick-it sessions, and also get the opportunity to develop new skills* giving you the confidence to train others in your community, or the qualifications in youth leadership you need to get your career up and running.Choosing the right path fbr youAt the heart of the RISE project is a commitment to peer-to-peer learning. As well as being taught first aid, you'll be given the skills and guidance to pass your knowledge onto other people in your community. RISE offers you the chance to gain a lot of qualifications and to choose a path that helps you make the most of your talents.Stick-it: Our one-day introduction to first aid fbcuscs on gun and knife related injuries. You'll find out how to manage an incident and learn some of the most commonly needed first aid skills.First aid: You'll focus on CPR （心肺复苏术）» bleeds and dealing with an emergency situation on this six-hour course.Keeping children safe: A course designed fbr those who come into contact with children through their work or leisure activities. This short programme works by helping individuals to understand the unusual role they play in keeping children safe from harm.Basic skills in youth work: This course provides an introduction to St John Ambulance and is the minimum qualification fbr a youth leadership role within the organization.36. It can be learned from the text that RISEA. was set up by a middle-aged personB. plays an important role in tradeC. has much experience in teachingD. offers first aid training37. What can wc learn about the project?A. It ensures the trainees good jobsB. It tries to train as many people as possible.C. It educates people to face death properly.D. It focuses on leadership qualities and skills.38. Which of the following courses deals with a serious finger cut ?A. Stick-it.B. First aidC. Keeping children safe.D. Basic skills in youth work39. The text is mainly aboutA. advantages of taking the coursesB. tips on how to give first aidC. a guidance on how to give first aidD. an introduction to some first-aid courses40. Where docs the text most probably come from?B. A book review.A. A science magazine.C. A community website.D. A business report.【答案】36. D 37. B 38. A 39. D 40. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了 “RISE”这个项目的相关内容。【36题详解】推理判断题。由第一段“ihe nation's leading first aid charily" 和"RISE could help you learn new skills, and improve your prospects （前景）.“可知，RISE提供急救培训。故D选项正确。【37题详解】细节理解题。由 What you'll learn 中的 “we arc devoted to equipping as many people as possible with the skills to be the difference between life and death可知，它努力训练尽可能多的人。故B选项正确。【38题详解】细节理解题。由 Stick-it:部分中 uOur one-day introduction to first aid focuses on gun and knife related injuries'1 可知，Stick-it课程涉及用刀割伤的急救，故A选项正确。【39题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是 “Stick-it； First aid： Keeping children safe； Basic skills In youth work''可知， 文章主要是关于一些急救课程的介绍。故D选项正确。【40题详解】推理判断题。由第一段"If you're aged between 16 and 25 years old, and are not in employment, education or training"可知，RISE这个项目面对的是年龄在16至25岁之间，而且没有工作、教育或培训这样群体的人。 所以这片文章最可能来自社区网站。故C选项正确。【点睛】一篇文章一般表达一个中心内容或主题。这个中心内容或主题通常用一个句子来概括。此句叫做 主题句。一般来说，说明文和议论文都有主题句，而且多位于文章的开头，有时也位于文章的中间或末尾。 但有时不能在文中直接找到主题句，要求读者把握每段的主题句，弄清段与段之间逻辑关系的基础上自己 归纳总结。主题句必须能简洁明了地概括全文的主要内容，具有高度的综合性和概括性。文章或段落的其 他句子都是对主题句的进步解释，说明，论证或扩展。通读全文，尤其是每段的主题句：Stick-it； First aid； Keeping children safe： Basic skills In youlh work”可知，文章主要是关于一些急救课程的介绍。故D选项为 正确选项。BHita Gupta used to volunteer at a nursing home, trying to brighten the days of the residents. Now she spreads sunshine far and wide.As al5-year-old sophomore（高二学生）at Conestoga High School, Hita has created a nonprofit organization that specializes in bringing cheer to socially isolated seniors. Her Brighten A Day foundation started out by sending goodie bags（礼包）with an adult coloring book, a large print puzzle book and crayons to Philadclphia-arca nursing homes and sending letters with uplifting messages to facilities in neighboring states.Hita has since widened the scope（范围）of her project, which is backed by donations through a Go Fund Me page as well as the work of an expanding anny of volunteers. The project has reached as far as Hawaii and now includes video messages as well as the delivery of smart devices to help residents communicate with loved ones. uWe,ve been able to reach so many seniors-who are among the loneliest people in our society-and let them know they are not alone,Hita said.Hita's project has lifted spirits at the Genesis Wayne Center, according to Kaylcc Nichols, the facility's director. "It's impressive to see a high school student take that kind of initiative,Nichols said. "That generation, they normally don't think about seniors.”Hita was motivated to take action when officials at the nursing home where she used to volunteer said that she couldn't visit anymore because of the corona virus outbreak. It made her determined to do something else to try to help. She started the Go Fund Me page, expanded the foundation's website and began organizing volunteers from around the country to write cards or make videos fbr nursing home residents, who have been the most severely impacted by COVID-19. Hita also expanded her project to include the acquisition（收购）and distribution of smart devices to nursing homes and long-term care facilities."I'm very proud that Hita is able to bring smiles to so many seniors,n her mother, Swait, wrote in an email. Hita said her foundation's name was a reflection of her determination to chase away doubt and depression fbr folks in need. "I thought of the sun, Gupta said. "I thought of people in the dark, lonely, and how much I wanted to brighten their days and bring joy to them.”41. What is the main aim of Hita's Brighten A Day project?A. To raise funds fbr nursing homes.B. To deliver care to seniors at nursing homes.C. To teach seniors to communicate effectively.D. To facilitate the development of the nursing industry.42. What can we learn about the Brighten A Day project from the text? A It started in Hawaii and then expanded to other states.B. It is supported by volunteers across the country.C. It encourages seniors to use smart devices less.D. It offers its donors a special goodie bag.43. How does Hita Gupta's family feel about her efforts?A. Surprised.B. Frustrated.C. Supportive.D. Disappointed.44. What does her foundation's name mean?A. It shows her resolution to get rid of people's sad feeling.B. It's a reflection of her decision to expand her project.C. It mirrors her doubt to bring joy to people in need.D. It is the public image of her project.45. What can we learn from Hita's story?A. Fame is a great thirst of the young.B. Free care facilities fbr seniors are necessary.C. Smiling means getting personal desires satisfied.D. Bringing spiritual pleasure to the elderly is meaningful.【答案】41 B 42. B 43. C 44. A 45. D *【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了 15岁的高中生Hita Gupta从事公益活动，创办"Brighten A Day ” 基金会为养老院的老人提供关怀。文章主要介绍了她从事这项事业的一些贡献和人们对此的看法。41题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Her Brighten A Day foundation started out by sending goodie bags（礼包）with an adult coloring book, a large print puzzle book and crayons to Philadclphia-arca nursing homes and sending letters with uplifting messages to facilities in neighboring states.（她创办的 “Brighten A Day” 基金会一开始是向费城 地区的养老院发送装有成人涂色书、大号字谜书和蜡笔的礼品袋，并向邻近州的养老院发送振奋人心的信 件）”可知，Hita的“Brighten ADay”项目的主要目标是为养老院的老人提供关怀。故选B。42题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中 ° Hita has since widened the scope（范围）of her project, which is backed by donations through a Go Fund Me page as well as the work of an expanding army of volunteers. The project has reached as far as Hawaii and now includes video messages as well as the delivery of smart devices to help residents communicate with loved ones.（从那以后，Hila扩大了她的项目范围，这个项目得到了 GoFundMe页面上的捐款以及不断 扩大的志愿者队伍的支持。该项目已经延伸到夏威夷，现在还包括视频信息和智能设备，帮助居民与亲人 沟通。）”可知，BrightenADay项目由全国各地的志愿者支持。故选B。 【43题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“"I'm very proud that Hita is able to bring smiles to so many seniors,M her mother, Swait, wrote in an cmail.（ “我很自豪Hita能给这么多老年人带来微笑，”她的母亲Swait在一封电了邮件中 写道。）”可推知,Hita Gupta的家人对她的努力表示支持。故选C。【44题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中 “ Hita said her foundation's name was a reflection of her detennination to chase away doubt and depression fbr folks in need. （Hita说，她的基金会的名字反映了她为需要帮助的人们消除疑虑 和抑郁的决心。）”可知，她的基金会的名字表明她决心帮助人们摆脱悲伤。故选A。【45题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中""We've been able to reach so many seniors-who arc among the loneliest people in our society-and let them know they are not alone,“ Hita said.（Hita 说道：“我们己经能够接触到这么多老年人 一一他们是我们社会中最孤独的人之让他们知道他们并不孤单”尸以及最后一段中“"thoughtofthe sun J Gupta said. "I thought of people in the dark, lonely, and how much I wanted to brighten their days and bringjoy to them. ”（Gupta说道：“我想到那些处于黑暗、孤独中的人们，我多么想照亮他们的生活，给他们 带来欢乐“。）”可推知，我们能从Hita的故事中认识到给老年人带来精神上的愉悦是有意义的。故选D。CENo one is sure how the ancient Egyptians built the pyramids near Cairo. But a new study suggests they used a little rock'n'roll. Long-ago builders could have attached wooden pole s to the stones and rolled then across the sand, the scientists say.Technically, I think what they're proposing is possible," physicist Daniel Bonn said.People have long puzzled over how the Egyptians moved such huge rocks. And there's no obvious answer. On average, each of the two million big stones weighed about as much as a large pickup truck. The Egyptians somehow moved the stone blocks to the pyramid site from about one kilometer away.The most popular view is that Egyptian workers slid the blocks along smooth paths. Many scientists suspect workers first would have put the blocks on sleds（滑板）.Then they would have dragged them along paths. To make the work easier, workers may have lubricaled Ihe paths eilher with wet clay or with the fat from cattle. Bonn has now tested this idea by building small sleds and dragging heavy objects over sand.Evidence from the sand supports this idea. Researchers found small amounts of fat, as well as a large amount of stone and the remains of paths.However, physicist Joseph West thinks there might have been a simpler way , who led the new study . West said，力 was inspired while watching a television program showing how sleds might have helped with pyramid construction . I thought, 'Why don't they just try rolling the things?"A square could be turned into a rough sort of wheel by attaching wooden poles to its sides , he realized . That, he notes , should make a block of stone” a lot easier to roll than a square”.So he triedjtHe and his students tied some poles to each of four sides of a 30-kilogram stone block. Thal action turned the block into somewhat a wheel. Then they placed the block on the ground.They wrapped one end of a rope around the block and pulled. The researchers found they could easily roll the block along different kinds of paths. They calculated that rolling the block required about as much force as moving it along a slippery（滑的）path.West hasn't tested his idea on larger blocks, but he thinks rolling has clear advantages over sliding. At least, workers wouldn't have needed to carry cattle fat or water to smooth the paths.46. It's widely believed that the