2022-2023学年山东省枣庄市滕州市高一下学期开学考试英语试题（解析版）.docx

高一年级质量检测英语试题本试题卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。全卷共12页，选择题部分1至10页，非选择题部分11至12页。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。考生注意：L答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔分别填写在试题卷和答题纸规定的位置上。2.答题时，请在答题纸相应的位置上规范作答，在本试题卷上的作答一律无效。选择题部分第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题海小题L5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What's the possible relationship between the speakers?A. Father and daughter. B. Mother and son. C. Husband and wife.2. How much did the woman spend on the dress?A.40 dollars. B.10 dollars. C.50 dollars.3. Where does the conversation probably take place?A.On a farm. B. At a fruit market. C. At customs.4. What does the woman want to be?A. A guide. B. A nurse. C. A teacher.5. Why was the man upset?A. He was late for work.B. He made his manager annoyed.C. He argued with his colleagues.第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章描述了一个富有爱心的、乐于助人的男孩子的故事。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段 “He wanted to help, but local volunteer organizations turned him away, saying he was to。young.（他想帮忙，但当地志愿者组织拒绝了他，说他太小了。”'可知，由于遭到志愿者组织的拒 绝，伊恩决定以自己的方式帮助这些孩子。故选A。33题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段的 u McKenna persuaded his school to set aside space for a garden; then he asked the community for donations of seeds and equipment. Other students donated their time.（麦肯纳说服学校拨出 块空地建了一座花园;然后他请求社区捐赠种子和设备。其他学生贡献了他们的时间。）”可知，这个项目 是在许多支持下开始的。故选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段"He wanted to help, but local volunteer organizations turned him away, saying he was too young. So he decided to find his own solution.（他想帮忙，但当地志愿者组织拒绝了他，说他太小 了。所以他决定自己寻找解决办法。）"、uMcKenna persuaded his school to set aside space for a garden; then he asked the community for donations of seeds and equipment 麦肯纳说服学校拨出块空地建了 一座花园;然后他请求社区捐赠种子和设备。其他学生贡献了他们的时间。）”和文章最后一段“When COVID-19 hit the U. S., McKenna redoubled his efforts, cooking up to 100 meals to distribute to the hungry on the weekends.（当新冠肺炎疫情在美国爆发时，麦肯纳加倍努力，在周末做了多达100顿饭分发给饥民。）”可 推知，他是一个乐于助人的人。故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段 u While gardening is his core focus, McKenna says he is always looking for new ways to help the hungry.（虽然园艺是他的核心工作，但麦肯纳说，他一直在寻找帮助饥民的新方 法。）”可知，全文讲述主人公的种植活动去帮助需要帮助的人的故事。所以短文的标题为“伊恩麦肯 纳，种植食品项目”。故选A项。第二节（每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。Teachers are influential by nature and often take advantage of opportunities to teach life lessons when they present themselves. Students are too pure and innocent to know whafs really going on. 16 In many cases, sharing these life lessons can have a far greater impact than teaching standard-based content.17Those who work the hardest typically achieve the most. Teachers understand that some students are more naturally gifted than others, but even the most gifted students will not achieve much if they are lazy. It is absurd to dream about success if you are not willing to work hard.You Have the Greatest Control of Your Destiny.Many people believe that their destiny is determined by the situation they inherited at birth. 18 Every person instinctively controls his own destiny once a certain age is reached. Teachers fight this misconception all the time.Cooperating Benefits Everyone.Teamwork is a valuable skill taught in schools. Schools often provide the first opportunities for children to cooperate with other children who may be different. Working together is necessary for both team and individual success. Students must be taught that each individual part working together makes the team successful 19Just like the well-known phrase say, “20” You only have to reflect on your own time in school undertheir guidance to realize how positive or negative experiences can stick with you for the rest of your life.A. Hard Work Pays Off.B. Decisions Lead to Consequences.C. Nothing could be further from the truth.D. Teachers don't impact fbr a year, but for a lifetime.E. Teachers can have a huge influence on their students.F. Life lessons taught by teachers have made a meaningful impact on them.G. However, if one part quits or does not perform adequately, everyone will fail.【答案】16.F17. A 18.C19. G 20. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。老师天生就有影响力，他们经常利用机会教授生活课程，这些人生课程会对学 生产生终生影响。文章主要就老师所能传授的一些人生经验展开说明。【16题详解】不艮据上文 u Teachers are influential by nature and often take advantage of opportunities to teach life lessons when they present themselves. Students are too pure and innocent to know what's really going on.（老师天生就有影响 力，当他们出现的时候，他们经常利用机会教授生活课程。学生们太单纯，不知道到底发生了什么）”以及 后文 “In many cases, sharing these life lessons can have a far greater impact than teaching standard-based content.（在很多情况下，分享这些生活经验比教学标准内容的影响要大得多）”可知，上文提到了老师的影 响力，后文则提到生活经验，F选项中them指代上文Students。故F选项“老师所教的人生课程对他们产 生了有意义的影响”符合语境，故选F。【17题详解】根据本段内容 “Those who work the hardest typically achieve the most. Teachers understand that some students are more naturally gifted than others, but even the most gifted students will not achieve much if they are lazy. It is absurd to dream about success if you are not willing to work hard.（学习最努力的人通常成就最大。老师们知道 有些学生天生就比其他人更有天赋，但是即使是天赋最高的学生，如果他们懒惰，也不会取得很大的成 就。如果你不愿意努力，梦想成功是荒谬的）”可知，本段主要阐述了努力学习的重要性。A选项中Hard Work对应后文中work the hardest。故A选项“努力工作会有回报”符合小标题，故选A。【18题详解】根据上文 “Many people believe that their destiny is determined by the situation they inherited at birth.（许多人相 信他们的命运是由他们出生时所继承的环境决定的）”以及后文“Every person instinctively controls his own destiny once a certain age is reached. Teachers fight this misconception all the time.（旦至I了定的年龄， 每个 人都会本能地控制自己的命运。老师们一直在与这种误解作斗争）”可知，上文提到了一种“相信命运是由 他们出生时所继承的环境决定”的观点，后文则说这是一种误解，可见本句是在对上文这种观点进行评 价：这绝非事实。故C选项“这绝非事实”符合语境，故选C。【19题详解】根据上文 uTeamwork is a valuable skill taught in schools. Schools often provide the first opportunities for children to cooperate with other children who may be different. Working together is necessary for both team and individual success. Students must be taught that each individual part working together makes the team successful.（团队合作是学校教的一项宝贵技能。学校经常为孩子们提供第一个与其他不同的孩子合作的机 会。一起工作对于团队和个人的成功都是必要的。必须教导学生，每个单独的部分一起工作使团队成功）” 可知，本段主要说明了团队合作需要每个单独的部分一起工作，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文说明每 个单独的部分无法工作的情况。故G选项“然而，如果其中一部分放弃了，或者没有充分发挥，每个人都 会失败”符合语境，故选G。【20题详解】根据后文“You only have to reflect on your own time in school under their guidance to realize how positive or negative experiences can stick with you for the rest of your life.（你只需要在他们的指导下反思自己在学校的时 间，就能意识到积极或消极的经历会如何伴随你的余生）”可知，后文指出意识到积极或消极的经历会如何 伴随你的余生，可见教师可以对学生的一生产生影响。故D选项“教师的影响不是一年，而是一生”符合 语境，故选D。第三部分:语言运用（共四节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Two years ago, my friend and I were at college. With his birthday quickly approaching, he came to me with an unusual 21: instead of receiving presents, he wanted to do some acts of kindness.I was 22 for such an idea. Giving instead of taking for the birthday was really difficult. I askedhim how he could come up with such a 23 idea. He told me about a TED talk he had watched ongenerosity, which had inspired him. So we started to 24 creative things we could do.Our university employed some security guards to 25 its students. They have to work26, keeping watch on every corner throughout the university. For the most part it's a thankless job as most people grow 27 to seeing the guards all around and eventually barely notice their 28,let alone acknowledge their efforts. How could we show them our appreciation?We decided to make a large pot of hot 29. We hired a Uber and asked the driver to take us aroundthe campus where we knew the 30 would be and we poured them each a cup of hot chocolate. TheUber driver was 3j a bit doubtful to the entire plan but after a while he was helping us 32the guards and our lively spirit had 33 to him as well. We were met with many 34 andappreciative words. It was amazing to see how a 35 act or even intention of generosity can lifteveryone's spirit.21. A. orderB. requestC. problemD. story22. A. stuckB. blessedC. burdenedD. bored23. A. traditionalB. complexC. familiarD. novel24. A. plan outB. take overC. watch forD. hold back25. A. judgeB. helpC. monitorD. protect26. A. step by stepB. around the clockC. more or lessD. now and then27. A. addictedB. devotedC. attachedD. accustomed28. A. presenceB. hungerC. povertyD. thirsty29. A. teaB. milkC. pomdgeD. chocolate30. A. workersB. studentsC. guardsD. drivers31. A. finallyB. initiallyC. occasionallyD. frequently32. A. remindB. trackC.spotD. recognize33. A. spreadB. movedC. happenedD. returned34. A. friendsB. difficultiesC. greetingsD. smiles35. A. similarB. smallC. daily【答案】21. B22. A 23. D 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. DD. modest36. A 29. D 30. C 31.B 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者的大学朋友决定在生日时做一些善行而不是收礼物。作者和朋友在生日 那天一起为学校的安保人员送巧克力热饮作为朋友的生日礼物。通过这件事，作者明白了一个微小的善举 都可以产生巨大的能量，这是一个最好的礼物。题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他带着一个不寻常的请求来找我：他生日想做一些善举而不是收礼物。A. order 命令；B. request请求；C.problem问题；D. story故事。结合上下文可知，此处是指朋友请求（request）作 者和他一起做这件事，故选B项。【22题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：我被这样的想法难住了。A. stuck打击；打动；B. blessed保佑；C.burdened烧伤； D. bored无聊的。be stuck for为固定搭配，意为“不知所措，（为某事）犯愁）”。根据下文的lasked him how he could come up with such a 3 idea.可知，作者被朋友的想法难住了（stuck）,故选 A 项。23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我问他怎么想到这么一个新颖的主意的。A. traditional传统的；B.complex复 杂的；C.familiar熟悉的；D.novel奇异的，新颖的。结合上下文可知，此处是指作者认为朋友想在生日时 做好事的想法很新颖（novel）,故选D。【24题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：因此我们开始筹划一些我们能做的有创造性的事情。A. plan out精心安排，筹 划；B. takeover接管；C.watch for当心;等待；D. hold back退缩。根据语境可知作者接受了朋友的建 议，所以开始策划，尤其是下文的We decided to make a large pot of hot 9 可知，此处用“筹划（planout） ”符合语境，故选A项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们学校雇了一些安保人员来保护学生。A. judge判断；B.help帮助；C. monitor 监控；D. protect 保护。根据上文 “security guards” 和下句 keeping watch on every cornern可知是 保护（protect）学生，故选D。【26题详解】考查名词短语辨析。句意：保安必须全天工作，对大学的每一个角落都保持警惕。A. step by step逐步地；B. around the clock日夜不停；C. more or less或多或少;D. now and then时不时。此句中的they指上文的usecurity guards",可知，这些保安人员要全天工作(around the clock),故选B。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在大多数情况下，这是一份吃力不讨好的工作，因为大多数人越来越习惯看 到周围的警卫，最后也就几乎注意不到他们的存在，更不用说承认他们的付出。A. addicted上瘾；B.devoted 献身；C. attached 附加；依恋；D. accustomed 习惯。grow/get accustomed to 为固定搭配，意为 “习惯于”。根据下文的let alone acknowledging their efforts可知，此处用“习惯”符合语境，故选Do28题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：在大多数情况下，这是一份吃力不讨好的工作，因为大多数人越来越习惯看到周围 的警卫，最后也就几乎注意不到他们的存在，更不用说承认他们的付出。A. presence存在；出席；B.hunger饥饿；C poverty贫困；D.thirsty渴。因为习惯了到处都是警卫，因此最终几乎注意不到他们的存在 (presence)o 故选 A。【29题详解】考查名词辨析。句意:我们决定制作一大锅巧克力热饮。A. tea茶；B. milk牛奶；C.porridge粥;D. chocolate巧克力。根据下文we poured them each a cup of hot chocolate可知我们决定为保安制作热巧克力(chocolate),故选 D。【30题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：我们雇了一辆车，请司机带着我们去校园转转，我们知道安保人员会出现在那里， 然后我们就给他们每人倒一杯巧克力热饮。A. workers工人；B. students学生；C. guards警卫；D. drivers 司机。根据下文的after a while he was helping us 15 the guards可知，止匕处用“安保人员(guards) ”符合语境，guards是原词复现，故选C项。31题详解】考查副词义辨析。句意：优步司机起初对整个计划有点怀疑，但很快就明白了，他帮助我们找安保人员， 我们的热情也传播给了他。A. finally最后；B. initially最初;C. occasionally偶尔；D. frequently频繁地。根 据下文的 but after a while he was helping us 15 the guards 可知，止匕处用“最初(initially) ” 符合语境，after和initially是反义词复现，故选B项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最开始司机对整个计划有点怀疑，但很快就明白了，他帮我们找到了警卫，我 们的热情也传播给了他。A. remind提醒；B.track追踪;C.spot发现,注意到,找到；D. recognize识别。 根据"take us around the campus where we know可知，此处是指司机也帮着他们在校园的角落里找(spot) 安保人员，故选c项。故选C。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最开始司机对整个计划有点怀疑，但过了一会儿，他帮我们找到了警卫，我们 的热情也传播给了他。A. spread传播；B. moved感动，移动；C.happened发生；D. returned归还。根据语 境可知，此处是指作者和朋友的精神也传播给(spread) 了司机，故选A项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们得到了许多微笑和感激的话。A. friends朋友；B. difficulties困难；C. greetings问候；D.smiles微笑。结合“appreciative words”可知，此处是指收到巧克力热饮的安保人员都 用微笑(smiles)向作者他们表示感谢，故选D项。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看到一个小小的行为，甚至是慷慨的意图，都能精神焕发，真是令人惊讶。A. similar相似的;B. small小的；C.daily日常的;D. modest谦虚的。结合上文内容可知,作者和朋友只 是为安保人员提供热饮，是一个小小(small)的行为，故选B项。非选择题部分第三部分语言运用(共四节，满分50分) 第二节语法填空(每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。After college I wanted to make a difference in the world, so I became a volunteer teacher and 36 (send) to Namibia. Honestly my first choice wasn't Africa, but I am 37 (extreme) grateful that I had the chance. So with a group of equally eager young 38 (graduate), I went on my journey.Schools were quite bare, and the students had tiring days. 39 (walk) miles to get to school, often barefoot. With their mountains of work at home, few possessions and little opportunity, these children were joyful, 40 I admired.This was my first time to live abroad in a different culture and simply getting used to the 41 (live) conditions was big adjustment. I had no electricity, running water, phone 42 the Internet. Imagine no air - conditioning at a place 43 the temperature often goes beyond 38 degrees Celsius! Some days it was just too hot to move.However, I could end each day with a glorious African sunset. And at night, I had a lightpollutionfree view of the entire Milky Way. Before Namibia, I never thought I would survive in such 44 environment. My experience awakened me to not only the limitations to place on ourselves, but also our amazing ability 45 (adapt), Stepping out of your comfort zone in another culture will certainly make your life worthwhile.【答案】36. was sent37. extremely38. graduates39. walking40. which 41. living42. or43. where44. an45. to adapt【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己在纳米比亚当志愿者的经历和收获。【36题详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：大学毕业后，我想在世界上有所作为，所以我成为了一名志愿者教 师，并被派往纳米比亚。根据句意和空格前的连词and分析句子可知，空格处应该填入和前面的became并 列的谓语动词，所以应该用一般过去时；主语I和动词send之间是被动关系，所以应该用被动语态，且be 动词应该用单数形式was。故填was sent。37题详解】考查副词。句意：说实话，我的第一选择不是非洲，但我非常感激我有这个机会。根据句意和所给形容词 extreme分析句子可知，空格处应该填入extreme的副词形式extremely作状语，修饰后面的形容词 grateful o故填 extremely o【38题详解】考查可数名词单复数。句意：于是，我和一群同样渴望的年轻毕业生一起踏上了我的旅程。根据句意和空 格前的a group of以及所给可数名词graduate分析句子可知，空格处应该填入graduate的复数形式 graduates o 故填 graduates 0【39题详解】考查现在分词。句意：学校里空荡荡的，学生们每天都很累，步行数英里上学，经常是光着脚。根据句意 分析句子可知，空格前的部分是一个完整的句子，所以空格处只能用所给动词walk的非谓语形式作状语， 因为句子的主语the students和动词walk之间是主动关系，所以应该用现在分词walking作状语。故填 walking o【40题详解】考查定语从句。句意：尽管家里有堆积如山的工作，财产很少，机会也很少，这些孩子却很快乐，这让我很钦佩。根据句意分析句子可知，空格后的部分是一个非限制性定语从句，对空格前的句子内容进行限定 说明，该定语从句缺少宾语，所以空格处应该填入一个关系代词，指代前面句子的内容，且作动词admire 的宾语。故填which。【41题详解】考查形容词。句意：这是我第一次在不同文化中生活，仅仅是适应那里的生活条件就需要很大的调整。 根据句意和所给单词live以及空格后的名词conditions分析句子可知，空格处应该填入形容词living作定 语，修饰后面的名词conditions。故填living。【42题详解】考查连词。句意：我没有电、自来水、电话和互联网。根据句意分析句子可知，句中的running water, phone和the Internet是并列关系，所以空格处应该填入一个并列连词；再由该句子是否定句可知，此处应 该用连词OFo故填oro【43题详解】考查定语从句。句意：想象一下，在一个温度经常超过38摄氏度的地方没有空调!根据句意分析句子可 知，空格后的部分是一个定语从句，对先行词place进行限定说明，从句中缺少地点状语，所以空格处应 该用关系副词where。故填whereo【44题详解】考查冠词。句意：在纳米比亚之前，我从未想过我能在这样的环境中生存。根据句意和空格后的单数可数 名词environment分析句子可知，空格处应该填入一个不定冠词，因为environment的发音是元音音素开 头，所以应该用冠词an。故填an。【45题详解】考查不定式。句意：我的经历不仅让我意识到自己的局限性，也让我意识到我们惊人的适应能力。根据句 意和空格前的名词ability以及所给动词adapt分析句子可知，空格处应该填入不定式形式to adapt作定语， 修饰前面的名词abilityo故填to adapt0第三节单词拼写（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）根据首字母及所给汉语释义，写出所需单词的完整形式。（每空一词）46.1（图像）of deer and hunters decorate the cave walls.（根据中英文提示填空）【答案】Images#mages【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：鹿和猎人的图像装饰着洞穴的墙壁。空处应填名词复数形式作主语，空处位于 句首，首字母需大写，根据汉语提示及句意，故