2022-2023学年广东省佛山市高一上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）.docx

20222023学年上学期佛山市普通高中教学质量检测高一英语注意事项：1 .答卷前，考生务必将自己的学校、班级、姓名、考生号填写在答题卡上。2 .回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改 动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本 试卷上无效。第一部分听力（共两节，满分20分）第一节听力理解（共6小题，每小题2分，满分12分）材料及问题播放两遍。每段后有三个小题，各段播放前有5秒钟的阅题时间。请根据各段播 放内容及其相关小题的问题，在5秒钟内从题中所给的A、B、C项中，选出最佳选项，并在 答题卡上将该项涂黑。听第一段材料，回答第1一3题。材料和问题读两遍。1. Question 1:（录音）A. Mother and son. B. Sister and brother. C. Father and daughter.2. Question 2:（录音）A. Doing his homework. B. Playing computer games. C. Buying concert tickets.3. Question 3:（录音）A. Fish. B. Chicken. C. Beef.听第二段材料，回答第I题。材料和问题读两遍。4. Question 4:（录音）A. She has taken part in a program.B. She was attracted by the culture.C. She is now living in the country.5. Question 5:（录音）A. She is afraid of meeting people.B. She is taking a special language class.C. She is worried about her language skills.6. Question 6:（录音）A. Make a learning plan. B. Learn about the programs. C. Learn German with Lisa.第二节回答问施（共4小题，每小题2分，满分8分）听下面一段材料，然后回答问题。材料和问题读两遍。7. Question 7:（录音）Answer:8. Question 8:（录音）Answer:9. Question 9:（录音）Answer:10. Question 10:（录音）Answer:第二部分阅读（共三节，满分40分）第一节阅读理解（共10小题;每小题2分，满分20分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该 项涂黑。D. If there are no problems during the flight they're fine.E. In this case, they must find a way to get over their fear.E People really don't need to think about when accidents will happen.G. As a result, travelling by plane has become a terrible challenge to them.【答案】12. D 13. B 14. F 15.A16. E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍的是人们对乘飞机出行的感受，并且分析了人们害怕乘飞机出行的原因。【12题详解】根据空后句子“But with the smallest problem they become very anxious.（但是哪怕是最小的问题,他们就会变 得非常焦虑。）”中的but可知，该空与空后的内容为转折关系，空后说的是“要是出一点问题，人们就会 感到焦虑”，所以空处应与此内容相对应，D选项“If there arc no problems during the flight, they're fine.（如 果在飞行过程中没有问题，他们没事。）”讲述的是“乘飞机时没有问题，他们感觉很好”，与空后内容相 对应，符合语境。故选D项。【13题详解】根据空后的"Flying in a plane is much less dangerous than riding in a car.（乘坐飞机比乘汽车安全得多。）”可 知，乘飞机比乘车安全的多，由此可见，该空处讲述的应为“乘飞机是安全的"，B选项“In reality, there are very few plane accidents.（实际上，很少有飞机事故。）”讲述的为“飞机事故很少”，与空后内容吻合。 故选B项。【14题详解】根据空前的“This means ihataccidems are very unlikely.（这意味着事故的可能性很小。）”可知，飞机发生事 故几乎是不可能的，也就是说乘飞机出行是安全的，F选项“People really don't need lo think about when accidents will happen.（人们真的不需要考虑何时会发生事故。）”符合题意，与空前内容吻合。故选F项。【15题详解】根据空前“People with this fear never want to be in places like elevators （电梯）or planes.（有这种恐惧的人永远 不想在电梯或飞机这样的地方。）”和空后的 “They fear that they won't be able to get out if anything happens in such a closed place.（他们担心如果在这样一个封闭的地方发生任何事情，他们将无法出去。）”可知，此 处分析的是人们害怕乘飞机出行的原因是对封闭空间的恐惧，A选项aThe plane feels terribly small to Ihem.（飞机对他们来说感觉非常小。）”讲述的是他们觉得飞机太小了，与上下文吻合。故选A项。【16题详解】根据空前的“Other people, however, have to travel by air for work.（然而，其他人必须乘飞机去工作。）”可 知，很多害怕乘长机出行的人不得不乘飞机出行，由此可知，他们必须找到克服恐惧的办法。E选项“In this case, they must find a way to get over their fear.（在这种情况下,他们必须找到克服恐惧的方法）”中的in this case与空前的“不得不乘飞机出行”吻合。故选E项。第三部分综合应用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳 选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。On （he morning of August 29, 1911, a hungry Indian walked out of the wilderness and into Oroville, California. A 17 thought he had run away from a mental hospital, so he look him to （he police station to keep him from 18 others. He didn't speak English. People came to talk to the 19 man over the next few days. They spoke to him in a number of Indian languages, but he didn't 20 a word.His name was Ishi, the last person of the Yahi Indian tribe （部落）of California. The tribe had once been21, but during the gold rush years nearly all of the Yahi had been killed. However, about 50 members ofthe tribe stayed 22 and had gone to live in the desert. 23, over the years, the group had becomesmaller and smaller. And in the end. only Ishi was 24.A few days later. Professor Waterman, an anthropologist from the University of California, came to see him. He tried to 25 with Ishi and spoke some Indian languages. Ishi did not understand any of them. But then, when the professor said “iwini”（wood） and 26 the bed in the comer of the room, Ishi was27. He laughed out loud. It was the first word in his own language that he had 28 for morethan three years.Starting from this one 29, Professor Waterman soon learned how to talk to Ishi. Ishi was thentaken to Los Angeles, where he helped （he professor to leam more about Indian languages and traditions. However, after living for three years in complete 30, he died in 1916, and his 3j died with him.17. A. nativeB. doctorC. professorD. policeman18. A. seeingB. visitingC. hurtingD. attracting19. A. sickB. injuredC. madD. frightened20. A. spellB. understandC. missD. believe21. A. richB. famousC. largeD. special22. A. activeB. aliveC. calmD. healthy23. A. SlowlyB. SurprisinglyC. NaturallyD. Certainly24. A. leftB. foundC.savedD.caught25. A. liveB. fightC. communicateD. study26. A. sat onB. lay inC. looked forD. pointed to27. A. excitedB. inspiredC. relievedD. amazed28. A. heardB. taughtC.spokenD. remembered29. A. lessonB. roomC. wordD. bed30. A. silenceB. lonelinessC. darknessD. fear31. A. storyB. friendC. hopeD. language【答案】17.D18.C19.C20. B21. C 22. B 23. A24. A 25. C 26. D 27.A 28. A 29. C30. B 31. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了加利福尼亚州亚希印第安部落的最后一个人的故事。【17题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：个警察以为他是从精神病院跑出来的，所以把他带到警察局，防止他伤害别 人。A. native 本地人;B. doctor 医生；C. professor 教授；D. policeman 警察。根据下文 “so he took him to the police station可知，此处指一名警察。故选D。【18题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个警察以为他是从精神病院跑出来的，所以把他带到警察局，防止他伤害别 人。A.seeing 看见；B. visiting 访问；C.hurting 伤害；D. attracting 吸引。根据上文 “A 1 thought he had run away from a mental hospital, so he took him to the police station ” 及常识可知,此处指防止他伤害别 人。故选C。【19题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几天里，人们来找这个疯子谈话。A. sick患病的；B. injured受伤 的；C. mad 有精神病的；D. frightened 受惊的。根据上文 “ A 1 thought he had run away from a mental hospital”可知，人们认为这是一个有精神病的人，即疯子。故选C。【2()题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们用多种印第安语言和他交谈，但他一个字也听不懂。A. spell拼写；B.understand 懂;C. miss 错过;D. believe 相信。根据上文 “They spoke to him in a number of Indian languages"及转折连词but可知，他一个字也听不懂。故选B。21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个部落曾经很大，但在淘金热的那些年里，几乎所有的亚希人都被杀了。A. rich 丰富的;B. famous 著名的;C. large 大的;D. special 特殊的。根据下文 “bul during the gold rush years nearly all of the Yahi had been killed.nJft,这个部落曾经很大。故选 C。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，大约有50名部落成员活了下来，他们去沙漠生活了。A. active活跃 的；B. alive 活着的；C. calm 平静的；D. healthy 健康的。根据上文 “but during the gold rush years nearly all of the Yahi had been killed” 及下文 “had gone to live in the desert” 可知，大约有 50 名部落成员活了下来。 故选B。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：慢慢地，这些年来，这个群体变得越来越小。A. Slowly慢慢地；B. Surprisingly 令人惊讶的是;C. Naturally 自然地；D. Certainly 当然。根据下文“over the years, the group had become smaller and smalier.M及常识可知，这个幸存的部落群体慢慢地变得越来越小了。故选A。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，只有伊希被找到了。A.lefl离开：B. found找到；C. saved保存；D.caught 捕获。根据卜,文 “However, after living for three years in complete 14. he died in 1916, and his15 died with him.”及空前“only Ishi”可知，此处指这个部落只剩下伊希一个人，所以人们只找 到了他一个人。故选A。25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他试着和伊希交流，说了一些印第安语。A. live生活；B. fight战斗；C. communicate 交流； D. study 研究。根据下文“and spoke some Indian languages. Ishi did not understand any of them.可知，Professor Walerman想和伊希交流。故选C。【26题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：但后来，当教授说“iwini”（木头）并指着房间角落的床时，伊希很兴奋。A.saton 坐了下来；B. lay in 嵌入；C. looked for 寻找；D. pointed to 指着。根据上文 “He tried to 9 with Ishi and spoke some Indian languages. Ishi did not understand any of them.” 可知，伊希听不懂教授说的 话，所以教授应该是一边说“iwini”（木头），一边用手指着房间角落的床。故选D。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但后来，当教授说“iwini”（木头）并指着房间角落的床时，伊希很兴奋。 A. excited兴奋的;B. inspired受到启发的;C. relieved缓解的；D. amazed惊奇的。根据下文“He laughed oul loud.”可知，伊希应该是很开心、很兴奋。故选A。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是他三年多来听到的第一个用自己的语言表达的单词。A. heard听；B. taught 教;C. spoken 说；D. remembered 记住。根据上文 “when the professor said “iwini”（wood）” 可知,此处指听 到第个用自己的语言表达的单词。故选A。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：从这个词开始，沃特曼教授很快学会了如何与伊希交谈。A. lesson课；B. room 房间；C. word 单词;D. bed 床。根据上文"But then, when the professor said "iwini'(wood) and 10 the bed in the comer of the room, Ishi was 11可知，伊希听懂了教授说的iwini,从这个单词开 始，教授找到了和伊希交谈的办法。故选C。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在完全孤独地生活了三年后，他于1916年去世，他的语言也随之而 去。A. silence沉默;B. loneliness孤独;C. darkness黑暗;D. fear恐惧。根据语境可知，伊希是亚希印第安 部落的最后一个人，所以此处指在完全孤独地生活了三年后，他于1916年去世。故选B。(31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在完全孤独地生活了三年后，他于1916年去世，他的语言也随之而 去。A. story故事；B. friend朋友;C. hope希望；D. language语言。根据语境可知,伊希是亚希印第安部 落的最后一个人，所以他的语言随着他的去世也消失了。故选D.第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1. 5分,满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(I个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。One incident will always come to my mind when I think of China. Fifteen years ago, I was in my village in Western Nepal when one of my 32 (relative) came to visit us, proudly 33 (show) a brand-new phone. It 34 (fix) to his waistbelt in a beautiful case. Obviously, most of the questions targeted at him35(be) about this expensive-looking and shining mobile phone. His exact words: "Thanks to China andits people, I could aftbrd this phone. I don't think we could have such cheap and excellent phones 36 theln. If not fbr the cheap Chinese goods, Ihe world's poor can't aflbrd37 (buy) many things (hey badlyneed.Over the past 70 or so years China has become 38 world leader. This shows that ifs possible fbr acountry to rise from the rubble (废墟)of wars, shame and poverty, it also shows that a country's 39 (develop) is possible when you have good plans and a strong will.China has lifted 850 million out of absolute poverty in forty years, 40 is a great achievement in the world history. Besides, it is£1(honest) wishing to help other poor countries to develop.These are the reasons I love China and I want it to prosper forever.【答案】32. relatives33. showing35. were 36. without37. to buy 38. the39. development40. which41. honestly【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者热爱中国并希望中国永远繁荣的原因。【32题详解】考查名词复数。句意：15年前，我在尼泊尔西部的村庄里，我的一位亲戚来拜访我们，自豪地展示了一部 崭新的手机。固定搭配one of+名词复数"之一”。故填relatives。【33题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：15年前，我在尼泊尔西部的村庄里，我的一位亲戚来拜访我们，自豪地展示了一 部崭新的手机。此处指我的亲戚自豪地展示了部崭新的手机，show与one my relalives是逻辑主谓关 系，应用现在分词，作状语。故填showing。【34题详解】考查动词语态。句意：它用一个漂亮的盒子固定在他的腰带上。it指代上文中的a brand-new phone,与fix 是逻辑动宾关系，应用被动语态，由上文Fifteen years ago可知，此处描述的是15年前的事情，应用一般 过去时。故填was fixed。【35题详解】考查动词时态。句意：显然，大多数针对他的问题都是关于这款外观昂贵、闪闪发光的手机。根据上文 Fifteen years ago可知，此处描述的是15年前的事情，应用一般过去时，主语是most of the questions, be 动词使用were。故填were。【36题详解】考查介词。句意：我认为没有他们，我们就不会有如此便宜和优秀的手机。根据上文“Thanks to China and its people, I could afford this phone.v可知，此处指没有中国和中国人，他们就不会有如此便宜和优秀的手 机。应用介词without "没有”故填without。【37题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果不是因为廉价的中国商品，世界上的穷人买不起很多他们急需的东西。固定 搭配afford to do sth. “支付得起去做某事"。故填to buy。【38题详解】考查冠词。句意：在过去70年左右的时间里，中国已经成为世界领导者。此处特指世界领导者，应用定 冠词。故填the。【39题详解】考查名词。句意：这也表明，当你有良好的计划和坚强的意志时，一个国家的发展是可能的。根据空前名词所有格countryy可知，此处应用名词developmento故填developmento【40题详解】考查定语从句。句意：中国在40年内使8.5亿人摆脱了绝对贫困，这是世界历史上的一项伟大成就。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词是前面整句话的内容，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which o41题详解】考查副词。句意：此外，中国真诚地希望帮助其他贫穷国家发展。此处修饰谓语动词，应用副词，作状语。故填 honestlyo第四部分词汇基础（共20分）第一节词义匹配（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）第一组根据句子内容，从每组的选项中选出能匹配句子中划线部分意义的选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。A. worth doingB. to give sth. awayC. worried about sth.D. to order sth. regularlyE. beneficial but painfulF. to win against someoneG. to add one thing to another42. She was concerned that she might get lost in a new city.43. Remember to aliach your photo to the application letter.44. What magazines does our library subscribe【o each year?45. The Japanese football team defeated the German team by 2-1.46. I do believe finishing the long run is a very rewarding experience.【答案】42. C 43. G44 D 45. F46. A【解析】【42题详解】考查形容词。句意：她担心自己会在一个新的城市迷路。concerned为形容词，意为“担心的”与C选项 中的“worried about sth.（担心某事）”意义相近。故选C项。【43题详解】考查动词。句意：记得将您的照片附在申请信上。attach为动词，意为“附在上”，也就是“把 加到上”，与G选项“to add one【hingl。another （将一件事添加到另一件事）”意义相近。故选G项。【44题详解】考查动词短语。句意：我们的图书馆每年订阅哪些杂志？ subscribe to为动词短语，意为“订阅，订购”， 与D选项“to order sth. regularly （定期订购）”意义相近。故选D项。【45题详解】考查动词。句意：日本足球队以2-1击败德国队。defeat为动词，意为“击败”，与F选项“to win againsl someone （战胜某人）”意义相近。故选F项。【46题详解】考查形容词。句意：我确实相信完成长跑是一次非常有益的经历。rewading为形容词，意为“值得的”，与A选项“worth doing （值得做）”意义相近。故选A项。第二组根据句子内容，从每组的选项中选出能匹配句子中划线部分意义的选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。A. in a hurryB. big influenceC. huge contributionD. without any doubtE. to give all the attentionF. to work in the correct wayG. to get used to a new situation47. Her speech made a great impact on everyone.48. I can't concentrate with all that noise going on.49. Electronic watches caivt function as mobile phones.50. Definitely you'll need your class notes to pass the exam.51. It was ihe language (hat made it hard for me to adapt to the life there.【答案】47. B 48. E49. F 50. D51.G【解析】【47题详解】考查名词。句意：她的演讲对每个人都产生了很大的影咆。根据句意可知，划线词impact意为“影响”， 与B. big influence "巨大的影响力”意思接近。故选B。【48题详解】考查动词。句意：吵闹声不断，我无法集中注意力。根据句意可知，划线词concentrate意为“集中注意 力”，与E. to give all the attention ”给予所有的关注”意思接近。故选E。【49题详解】考查动词。句意：电子表不能起到手机的但11。根据句意可知，划线词function意为“发挥功能”，与F.lo work in （he correct way "以正确的方式工作”意思接近。故选F。【50题详解】考查副词。句意：当然，你需要你的课堂笔记来通过考试。根据句意可知，划线词Definitely意为“当然”, 与D. without any doubt “亳无疑问”意思接近。故选Dc【51题详解】考查动词。句意：正是这种语言让我很难适应那里的生活。根据句意可知，划线词adapt意为“适应”，与G. to get used to a new situation ”适应新形势”意思接近。故选Go第二节单词拼写（每空1分，满分10分）根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，用单词的恰当形式填空，并把完整单词填 写在答题卷相应的位置上。52.1 was（负责的）for designing this garden.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】responsible【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：我负责设计这个花园。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用形容词 responsible,作表语。故填 responsible。53. It is（方便的）to pay with mobile phone in China.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】convenient【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：在中国用手机付款是方便的。根据汉语提示“方便的”可知，空格处应用"convenient",意为“方便的”，形容词词性，在句中作表语。故填convenient。54. We must do everything we can to protect the（环境）.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】environment【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：我们必须尽一切努力保护环境。根据汉语提示“环境”可知，空格处应用"environment",意为“环境”，为不可数名词,在句中作宾语。故填environment。55. The police（包围）the killer so he couldn't run away.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】surrounded【解析】【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：警察包围了凶手，使他无法逃跑。根据汉语提示“包围”可知，空格处 涉及单词“surround”，意为“包围”，动词词性，根据句意和句中“couldn't”可知，句子陈述的是过去 发生的事，为一般过去时，空格处应用“surround”的过去式“surrounded”。故填surrounded。1.1 1 wish to buy a new car with a（n）（强有力的）engine.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】powerful【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：我想买一辆拥有一个强有力的引擎的新车。根据汉语提示“强有力的”可 知，空格处应用“powerful”，意为“强有力的”，形容词词性，在句中作定语。故填powerful。57. He had a head injury last month and is still r from it.（根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】recovering【解析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他上个月头部受伤了现在仍在康复之中。根据单词首字母以及句意“康 复”以及空格前的is可知，空格处应填现在分词形式和is构成现在进行时。故填recovering。58. They wished to live in peace, but u the war broke out.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案】unfortunatciy#nfortunatcly#unluckily#nluckily【解析】【详解】考查副词。句意：他们希望和平生活，但不幸的是战争爆发了。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此 处使用副词unfortunately或unluckily ”不幸的是,不幸地"，作状语。故填unfortunately或unluckily59. Teachers need to be creative, and computers can never r them.（根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】rcplacc#cplacc【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：教师需要有创造力，计算机永远无法取代他们。根据汉语及首字母提示可知,In the state of Georgia. US, where one in eight people face hunger, one farmer has made it his duty not onl